US3577761A - Method of manufacturing components from a part projecting from a larger part, having slim and/or elongated form - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing components from a part projecting from a larger part, having slim and/or elongated form Download PDF

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Publication number
US3577761A
US3577761A US711829A US3577761DA US3577761A US 3577761 A US3577761 A US 3577761A US 711829 A US711829 A US 711829A US 3577761D A US3577761D A US 3577761DA US 3577761 A US3577761 A US 3577761A
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United States
Prior art keywords
billet
cylinder
opening
slim
die opening
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Expired - Lifetime
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US711829A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eskil Monestam
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/007—Hydrostatic extrusion

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In the manufacture of objects or components with one part having larger dimensions and one part having slim and/or elongated form, a billet is used which in a first step is forged, preferably cold-forged to a blank with decreasing cross section. This blank is thereafter, possibly after annealing and machining, extruded by means of liquid pressure to the desired shape and dimension at the narrow end of the blank.
  • Thepresent invention relates to amethod of manufacturing components from a part projecting from a larger part, having slim and/or elongated form.
  • a conventional shaping method for metal objects is coldforging. This method is, in suitable cases, particularly favorable in comparison with hot-forging, as it eliminates the necessity of heating and the removal of oxides and remaining lubricant after processing. With cold-forging greater accuracy in measurement is obtained and smoother surfaces of the coinponents and often the need is eliminated for subsequent treatment with a cutting tool, which thus also decreases the 'material losses.
  • the treated product also obtains improved internal properties in comparison with hot-forged products, for example increased strength due to the deformation hardening which takes place when the object is molded at a temperature below the recrystallization temperature.
  • Cold-forged components are shaped from the billet under extremely high pressure against and through a die from a forging punch, after which the punch is drawn back and the body thus formed is expelled from the die.
  • rod extrusion a punch having at least the same area as the billet presses a billet down through a die at its lower end and a solid rod-shaped body is obtained.
  • tube-extrusion a billet is used having a hole in the center into which a mandrel is insetted, but otherwise the method is the same.
  • a cup-shaped body is obtained by cup-extrusion, a process similar to cold-forging.
  • the high pressures required for cold-forging are obtained in special hydraulic high pressure presses with a stand, for example according to Swedish Pat. No. l86,278,'provided'with two.
  • semicircular prismatic yokes which are held apart by two parallel-epipedic bodies.
  • the yokes and bodies are kept together by a sheath of several layers 'of steel wire in order to obtain a prestressing to absorb the pressure forces.
  • Tubeand rod-shaped bodies with even and normally narrow section have been manufactured by extrusion ortube-extrusion, often in cold state.
  • use is made 'of the fact that a high hydrostatic pressure increases the plastic moldability of otherwise relatively brittle materials.
  • a billet is pressed by means of very high hydrostatic pressure through a nozzle and, when the pressure is sufficiently high, the components are expelled.
  • a high pressure press is used to obtain the pressure, which has a punch which is pushed into an enclosed volume of liquid and thus effects the high pressure.
  • the invention relates to a method in which the advantages of the forging and extrusion methods are exploited butwhere at the same time the disadvantagesareavoideek l he method is characterized in that a billet is first forged in khown manner,
  • a billet ll of metal for example soft carbon steel, is placed on a pressure surface (die) or cushion 12 in a pressure cylinder 13 and a forging punch 14 with central mandrel 15 presses the billet 11 with considerable force against the surface 12 so that the billet is cold-forged to an intermediate shape according to FIG. 2.
  • the cold-pressure during the forging operation is maintained at about l520 kbar 20,000 leg/cm. and the operation may be carried out in a high pressure press of the type described above.
  • the billet thus formed can also be obtained through hotfo'rging, but certain disadvantages arise which have been indicated above. It is also possible to subject the billet 11 to certain cutting processes.
  • Cold-forging according to the above may also be carried out for other types of components, for example in the form of cupext'rusion or rod-extrusion, so as to obtain hollow objects with bottoms or solid objects.
  • the billet 11 obtained by forging is placed in a pressure chamber (FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • a pressure chamber In the pressure chamber are also piston 19, the pressure is increased in this to a level for extrusion of the narrower section of the billet (see 20 in FIG. 4).
  • the billet has a diameter of about 100 mm at its upper, supported part and a cross section of 8000mm?
  • the extruded part which cannot be forged has 1/100 of these dimensions.
  • a pressure of IS kbar is obtained in this way, for example in a pres's'according to the above, and the unsupported, narrower part of the billet is pressed out between the die 18 and the mandrel 17 and ap'rojecting part having slim dimension is obtained from an otherwise larger component. If desired, this component may afterwards be flattened by drawing in a drawing die, rolling, or the like.
  • the method is not limited to components which are tubeextruded' in the first stage.
  • Rod and cup extruded components with decreasing section and a part with slim and/or elongated 1 form can also be extruded in this way.
  • the stop may besituated before the component.
  • the billet After cold-forging and/or after extrusion the billet can be annealed,su i tably a protective atmosphere.
  • a method for extruding a member having a first portion of larger diameter with upper and lower faces and a second portion of less diameter protruding below the lower face which comprises positioning said member in a high pressure cylinder having a main portion with a cross section of greater area than the cross section of said first portion, said cylinder having a top wall and having a bottom wall with means therein forming a die opening of substantially the same shape as said second portion with said second portion aligned with and adjacent the entrance of said die opening and said upper and lower faces of the first portion spaced from the top and bottom walls, said cylinder having a fluid therein surrounding said first portion on both faces thereof, and applying pressure to said fluid sufficient to cause said second portion to be exface, which comprises positioning said member in a high pressure cylinder having a top wall and having a bottom wall with an opening therein and a mandrel in said opening forming therewith an annular die opening of substantially the same shape as said protruding portion, with said first portion resting on said bottom wall, said cylinder having fluid there

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
US711829A 1967-03-07 1968-03-04 Method of manufacturing components from a part projecting from a larger part, having slim and/or elongated form Expired - Lifetime US3577761A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE03082/67A SE353029B (ko) 1967-03-07 1967-03-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3577761A true US3577761A (en) 1971-05-04

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US711829A Expired - Lifetime US3577761A (en) 1967-03-07 1968-03-04 Method of manufacturing components from a part projecting from a larger part, having slim and/or elongated form

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3577761A (ko)
JP (1) JPS493394B1 (ko)
FR (1) FR1555351A (ko)
GB (1) GB1209200A (ko)
SE (1) SE353029B (ko)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5787747A (en) * 1996-03-08 1998-08-04 Lucent Technologies, Inc. Process and apparatus for making in-situ-formed multifilamentary composites

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1376376A (en) * 1920-05-08 1921-04-26 William C Huntoon Art of extruding collapsible tubes
US1376373A (en) * 1919-06-10 1921-04-26 William C Huntoon Art of extruding collapsible tubes
US2558035A (en) * 1947-07-05 1951-06-26 Percy W Bridgman Method and apparatus for cold drawing
FR1392418A (fr) * 1964-05-11 1965-03-12 Tsnii Tekhnologuii I Machinost Procédé de filage des métaux à chaud sans compresseur, et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
US3397562A (en) * 1966-04-08 1968-08-20 Western Electric Co Method and apparatus for the extrusion of metal tubes and billets by an initial impulsive force and the subsequent application of uniform extrusion forces
US3451240A (en) * 1965-10-25 1969-06-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique Methods of shaping metals under high hydrostatic pressure

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1376373A (en) * 1919-06-10 1921-04-26 William C Huntoon Art of extruding collapsible tubes
US1376376A (en) * 1920-05-08 1921-04-26 William C Huntoon Art of extruding collapsible tubes
US2558035A (en) * 1947-07-05 1951-06-26 Percy W Bridgman Method and apparatus for cold drawing
FR1392418A (fr) * 1964-05-11 1965-03-12 Tsnii Tekhnologuii I Machinost Procédé de filage des métaux à chaud sans compresseur, et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
US3451240A (en) * 1965-10-25 1969-06-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique Methods of shaping metals under high hydrostatic pressure
US3397562A (en) * 1966-04-08 1968-08-20 Western Electric Co Method and apparatus for the extrusion of metal tubes and billets by an initial impulsive force and the subsequent application of uniform extrusion forces

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5787747A (en) * 1996-03-08 1998-08-04 Lucent Technologies, Inc. Process and apparatus for making in-situ-formed multifilamentary composites

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1555351A (ko) 1969-01-24
JPS493394B1 (ko) 1974-01-25
SE353029B (ko) 1973-01-22
GB1209200A (en) 1970-10-21

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