US3577514A - Sustained release pharmaceutical tablets - Google Patents
Sustained release pharmaceutical tablets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3577514A US3577514A US735571A US3577514DA US3577514A US 3577514 A US3577514 A US 3577514A US 735571 A US735571 A US 735571A US 3577514D A US3577514D A US 3577514DA US 3577514 A US3577514 A US 3577514A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tablets
- weight
- drug
- rate
- tablet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 63
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 20
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 210000004051 gastric juice Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229920000623 Cellulose acetate phthalate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229940081734 cellulose acetate phthalate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N theophylline Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1NC=N2 ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UOCLRXFKRLRMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trolnitrate phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O.[O-][N+](=O)OCCN(CCO[N+]([O-])=O)CCO[N+]([O-])=O UOCLRXFKRLRMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 7
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N (-)-ephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZRIHAIZYIMGOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butabarbital Chemical compound CCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O ZRIHAIZYIMGOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010514 hydrogenated cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960000278 theophylline Drugs 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 antispasmodics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-ephedrine Natural products CNC(C)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MZNZKBJIWPGRID-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphorylmethyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)CP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MZNZKBJIWPGRID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002179 ephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960004842 ephedrine sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQDWXGKKHFNSQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyzine Chemical compound C1CN(CCOCCO)CCN1C(C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZQDWXGKKHFNSQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012177 spermaceti Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940084106 spermaceti Drugs 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Brilliant Blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MKRNVBXERAPZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Starch acetate Chemical compound O1C(CO)C(OC)C(O)C(O)C1OCC1C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O2)OC(C)=O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(C)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 MKRNVBXERAPZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940015694 butabarbital Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000930 hydroxyzine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009491 slugging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003232 water-soluble binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GAMPNQJDUFQVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;phthalic acid Chemical class CC(O)=O.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GAMPNQJDUFQVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013061 administrable dose form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002921 anti-spasmodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003472 antidiabetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125715 antihistaminic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940124575 antispasmodic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940092738 beeswax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124630 bronchodilator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000168 bronchodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001049 brown dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium diphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229940082483 carnauba wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001777 castor oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003218 coronary vasodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000850 decongestant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124581 decongestants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019821 dicalcium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000393 dicalcium diphosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007908 dry granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003220 hydroxyzine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126904 hypoglycaemic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940060367 inert ingredients Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007939 sustained release tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
Definitions
- a sustained release pharmaceutical tablet characterized by a substantially constant rate of drug release comprising: (a) a medicament; (b) a hydrophobic dissolution retardant; (c) an acid-insoluble release agent; and (b) a water-soluble or dispersible binder.
- This invention relates to novel orally administrable dosage forms.
- it relates to the preparation of sustained release tablets capable of disintegrating at a constant and uniform rate.
- dosage forms enable the physician to more carefully regulate the level of drug administration to the patient.
- a further advantage of sustained release dosage forms to the patient is the fact that a lesser number of them need be taken during the course of treatment.
- one means for obtaining the above objective is to employ capsules or tablets which release the drug at a uniform rate during the capsules passage through the gastro-intestinal tract.
- this object has been achieved by admixing one or more inert ingredients with the drug in such a manner that these inactive materials interfere with the disintegration of the tablet or the dissolution of the drug.
- An obvious form of such a tablet is one wherein a core containing the active ingredient is surrounded by a layer of inert materials.
- the tablet may be coated with an enteric substance, in which case the tablet passes unchanged through the stomach and disintegrates in the intestinal tract.
- tablets can be composed of several alternate layers of medicament and inert material. In this manner, as each alternate protective layer disintegrates the patient receives a further dose of medicament.
- tablets of this type suffer from the disadvantage of not providing a uniform and constant drug release. Furthermore, such tablets are difficult to prepare with precision so that in many instances the desired dosage level cannot be assured.
- the present invention describes sustained release dosage forms which will provide a uniform and constant liberation of medicament
- This invention comprises a sustained release pharmaceutical tablet comprising: (a) a medicament; (b) a hydrophobic dissolution retardant; (c) an acid insoluble release agent; and (d) a water soluble or dispersible binder.
- the product of this invention is characterized by having a substantially constant erosion rate in gastro-in- 3,577,514 Patented May 4, 1971 testinal fluid wherein the medicament is released at a constant and uniform rate.
- This invention further comprises a sustained release pharmaceutical tablet containing up to 70% by weight of a medicament, 15-50% by Weight of a hydrophobic dissolution retardant, 0.l5.0% by weight of an acid-insoluble release agent and 5-15 by weight of a water soluble or dispersible binder.
- the formulation comprises an intimate uniform blend of a water soluble or insoluble medicament, a hydrophobic dissolution retardant, an acid-insoluble release agent, and a water soluble or dispersible binder.
- Other customary tablet ingredients such as fillers, colorants, lubricants, stabilizers and excipients can also be included in the formulation as required. Tabletting of this blend provides a pharmaceutical tablet wherein the aforesaid constituents are uniformly dispersed throughout the tablet matrix.
- the blend can be formulated into a capsular form as well.
- the range of the basic ingredients can be varied over a considerable latitude and yet will provide an orally administrable dosage form having a constant and uniform rate of disintegration, Thus, the following ranges have been found to be effective (the percentages are by weight): up to 70% of medicament; 15-50% of hydrophobic dissolution retardant; 0.l5% of acid insoluble release agent; and 5-15 of a water soluble binder.
- a preferred formulation would comprise about 5-25% of medicament; 2030% of hydrophobic dissolution retardant; 05-10% of acid-insoluble release agent; and -11% of water-soluble binder.
- An outstanding advantage of the present invention is the fact that a mixture of Water soluble and insoluble medicaments can be incorporated into the blend and after tableting each individual medicament will he released from the tablet at a uniform and constant rate.
- a sustained release dosage form containing theophylline, ephedrine sulfate and hydroxyzine hydrochloride, wherein each pharmaceutical has been found to be released in simulated intestinal fluid at a reasonably constant and uniform rate.
- medicaments can be used in the instant invention, such as antihistamines, hypoglycemics, antidepressants, coronary vasodilators, bronchodilators, sedatives, decongestants, antispasmodics, vitamins, and the antibiotics.
- hydrophobic dissolution retardants by virtue of their water insolubility, function by retarding the dissolution and diffusion of the drug from the tablet or granulates into the gastro-intestinal fluid
- hydrophobic dissolution retardants that we have found effective are the natural and synthetic waxes, resins and plastics. Of these we prefer carnauba wax, beeswax, spermaceti, and the commercial product Sterotex K-lOO, which is a hydrogenated cottonseed oil available from Capital City Products, Columbus, Ohio.
- Enteric substances insoluble in the acidic stomach juices, are the preferred acid-insoluble release agents.
- cellulose acetate phthalate and the other acetate phthalates are preferable.
- the esters of the carbohydrate polymers are preferable.
- the phthalic acid derivatives of polyacrylic acid are preferable.
- the effect of the water-soluble or dispersible binder is to insure a uniform release of the drug.
- the binders of choice are the polyvinyl pyrrolidones, acacia and other water-soluble or dispersible binders well known to those skilled in the art, may be used.
- antioxidants e.g., ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite
- lubricants e.g., talc, magnesium stearate and sodium lauryl sulfate
- fillers e.g., calcium diphosphate
- colorants are generally added to further improve the product.
- the tablets can be prepared from the blended ingredients in the usual manner, e.g., dry blending followed by compression into tablets, or dry slugging and granulating the blended ingredients prior to compressing them into tablets, etc.
- the tablets may also be prepared by first wet granulating the blend with a suitable solvent or binder solution or dispersion, such as alcohol or polyvinyl pyrrolidone colloidal solution.
- the tablet erosion studies are conducted with the tablet distintegration apparatus described in U.S.P. XVII. Simulated gastro-intestina] fluids, the preparation of which are described in U.S.P. XVII, are used in the test.
- the tablets are placed in the apparatus and initially contacted with simulated gastric juices for one hour. The weight loss of the tablets is then determined. The gastric juice is then removed, simulated intestinal fluid is added to the apparatus, and the course of the disintegration of the tablets is followed over the course of the next few hours by periodically determining the weight loss of the tablets.
- the drug dissolution rate is also determined in this test by periodically assaying the amount of drug that dissolves in these fluids over the course of several hours. The drug dissolution rate ran also be determined by the in vitro test for timed-release capsules and tablets outlined in the second supplement of N. F. XII.
- EXAMPLE I The ingredients listed below are dry blended and directly compressed into tablets on a rotary or single punch tableting machine:
- Time/hours percent percent I First hour in gastric juice; thereafter in intestinal fluid.
- the particles are passed through a 40 mesh screen using a Fitzmill, hammers leading at medium speed.
- the mixture is reblended for 30 minutes and moistened with 50 g. of methanol in a Hobart blender.
- the moist mixture is passed through a 40 mesh screen (Fitzmill, hammers leading at medium speed).
- the final mixture is air dried without heat for 3045 minutes.
- the magnesium stearate is then added and the mixture is blended for 5 to 10 minutes.
- the tablets are prepared by compressing on a rotary tablet press using in. standard round concave punches and dies, to a thickness of 014110.005 in. thick and a hardness of 7 kg. (Pfizer tester).
- the rate of drug dissolution is determined in the same manner as detailed above.
- EXAMPLE III With the exception of magnesium stearate, the ingredients listed below are dry-blended for 15 minutes and passed through a 40 mesh screen:
- the ingredients are reblended for 30 minutes and moistened with 75 g. of 2B ethanol.
- the mixture is stirred in a Hobart mixer until nearly dry and passed through a 40 mesh screen and reblended.
- the mixture is then air dried until the odor of the solvent is no longer detectable, and the lubricant is added.
- the mixture is briefly blended and compressed into tablets under the following conditions: the dry powder granulates are placed in the hopper without further processing and compacted into tablets using in. standard round concave punches and dies on a rotary tablet press to a hardness of 7 kg. (Pfizer tester).
- EXAMPLE V With the exception of magnesium stearate, the ingredients listed below are blended together for 30 minutes in a suitable blender, after passage through a 40 mesh screen 5 on a Fitzmill comminator. A portion of the magnesium th The "E qif g fi lgdetmumd ldenucany to stearate (1.5%) is added, and the mixture is briefly blende Prevlous Y 6 met 0 ed and slugged with /2 in. standard round flat punches D RUG DISSOLUTION RATES and dies to a hardness of 8 kg. and 400 mg. weight.
- the Amount slugs are granulated through an 18 mesh screen on an Cumulattive Amr mnt oi (lumulat ive g1 bma 10 oscillating granulator.
- the remainder of the magnesium 3,1 3,233.3 i fig gggg g fg g, stearate is blended into the resultant granulation.
- the Ti r a d. h u r e blend is compressed on a suitable tablet press, to a weight perm percent pmen perm of 512.5 mg. for a hardness of 10 kg. (Pfizer tester).
- Theophylline 400 200 (39 J 5 5 4 m Ephedrine sulfate 100 50 9. @9 3 I First hour in gastric juice; thereafter in intestinal fluid. giggg y g gi ggggggg fi f ffi g 87%) Oab'O-SiI III 10 5 EXAMPLE IV Sterotex K-IOO 260 130 (25.
- Fines 60 mesh are separated and 0 53: Pfiggent thoroughly blended with the metamlne. This mixture con- 3 Time/hours 1035 g; taining the active drug is blended with the remainder, the 229 22 9 dry granulation. The remaining half of magnesium stearate is added to the total blend of granules, followed by 1 15.8 13.1 brief reblending. Tablets are prepared by compressing on 15:9 arrgcsgrgzblet press in accordance with previously defined mm hour in gastric juice; thereafter In intestinal fluid.
- EXAMPLE VI I First hour in gastric juice; thereafter in intestinal fiuid. The rate of drug dissolution is as follows:
- the rate of disintegration and rate of drug dissolution of these tablets are found to be constant and uniform when determined according to the tests described in the preceding examples.
- the rate of disintegration and rate of drug dissolution of these tablets are found to be constant and uniform when determined according to the tests described in the preceding examples.
- Tests A, B, and C below are conducted with the disintegration apparatus described in USP XVII.
- Tests A and B the tablets are contacted with gastric juice to 1 hour and then with intestinal fluid to 4 hours. At the end of the 4 hour period the tablets are contacted with fresh intestinal fluid to 7 hours.
- Test C the tablets are contacted with gastric juice for the first hour and thereafter 'with intestinal fluid, with hourly change to fresh fluid.
- Test C.l44 tablets Amount of metamine Time/hours: released/ time interval 1 30.4
- Test D This test is conducted according to the procedure in N.F. XII, using 12 tablets per screw cap bottle.
- Metamine dissolution rate Metamlne dissolution rate l A sustained released pharmaceutical tablet essentially containing, uniformly dispersed throughout the tablet matrix, about 5 up to 70% by weight of a medicament, 550% by weight of a hydrophobic dissolution retardant selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated castor oil, carnauba wax, beeswax, spermaceti, and shellac, ill-5.0% by Weight of an enteric acid-insoluble release agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose acetate phthalate, starch acetate phthalate and a phthalic acid derivative of polyacrylic acid, and 5-15% by weight of a water-soluble or dispersible binder, eifective to insure a uniform release of the medicament, selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and acacia.
- a hydrophobic dissolution retardant selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated castor oil, carnauba
- a sustained release pharmaceutical tablet according to claim 1 comprising: (a) 56% by weight of triethanolamine trinitrate biphosphate; (b) 22-25% by weight of carnauba wax; (c) 0.80-1.20% by weight of cellulose acetate phthalate; and (d) 812% by weight of polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
- a sustained release pharmaceutical tablet according to claim 1 comprising: (a) 57% by weight of triethan0l amine trinitrate biphosphate; (b) 2225% by weight of butabarbital; (c) 13-17% by weight of hydrogenated cottonseed oil; (cl) 24% by weight of cellulose acetate phthalate; and (e) 13-18% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- a sustained release pharmaceutical tablet comprising: (a) 37-41% by weight of theophylline; (b) 8-1l% by weight of ephedrine sulfate; (c) 4-6% by weight of hydroxyzine dihydrochloride; (d) 23- 10 26% by weight of cottonseed oil; (e) (LS-1.2% by weight of cellulose acetate phthalate; and (f) 812% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US73557168A | 1968-06-10 | 1968-06-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3577514A true US3577514A (en) | 1971-05-04 |
Family
ID=24956332
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US735571A Expired - Lifetime US3577514A (en) | 1968-06-10 | 1968-06-10 | Sustained release pharmaceutical tablets |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3577514A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
DE (1) | DE1927130A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
FR (1) | FR2010541A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
GB (1) | GB1235787A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3909444A (en) * | 1971-08-05 | 1975-09-30 | Ncr Co | Microcapsule |
US4189469A (en) * | 1975-05-10 | 1980-02-19 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Pharmaceutical compositions |
US4244941A (en) * | 1972-10-06 | 1981-01-13 | Gist-Brocades N.V. | Controlled release composition and process for preparing same |
US4264573A (en) * | 1979-05-21 | 1981-04-28 | Rowell Laboratories, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulation for slow release via controlled surface erosion |
DE3100191A1 (de) * | 1980-01-11 | 1981-12-10 | The Boots Co. Ltd., Nottingham | Pharmazeutische zubereitung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
US4308251A (en) * | 1980-01-11 | 1981-12-29 | Boots Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Controlled release formulations of orally-active medicaments |
US4461759A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1984-07-24 | Verex Laboratories, Inc. | Constant release rate solid oral dosage formulations of veropamil |
WO1984004674A1 (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1984-12-06 | Jang Choong Gook | Dry direct compression compositions for controlled release dosage forms |
EP0103387A3 (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1984-12-12 | Pfizer Inc. | Long-acting matrix tablet formulations |
US4521401A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1985-06-04 | Verex Laboratories, Inc. | Constant release rate solid oral dosage formulations of quinidine |
US4522804A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1985-06-11 | Verex Laboratories, Inc. | Constant release rate solid oral dosage formulations of propranolol |
US4540602A (en) * | 1979-04-13 | 1985-09-10 | Freund Industry Company, Limited | Process for the preparation of activated pharmaceutical compositions |
US4590062A (en) * | 1984-04-16 | 1986-05-20 | Tech Trade Corp. | Dry direct compression compositions for controlled release dosage forms |
US4608248A (en) * | 1985-11-08 | 1986-08-26 | Warner-Lambert Company | Process for time-controlled release of active ingredients |
US4726952A (en) * | 1983-08-11 | 1988-02-23 | Mission Pharmacal | Slow-release sodium fluoride tablet, method of making, and method of treatment of osteoporosis |
US4820523A (en) * | 1986-04-15 | 1989-04-11 | Warner-Lambert Company | Pharmaceutical composition |
US4837032A (en) * | 1986-02-04 | 1989-06-06 | Farval Ag | Theophylline sustained release tablet |
US4882167A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1989-11-21 | Jang Choong Gook | Dry direct compression compositions for controlled release dosage forms |
US4904478A (en) * | 1983-08-11 | 1990-02-27 | Mission Pharmacal Company | Slow-release sodium fluoride tablet and method for treatment of osteoporosis |
US4960814A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1990-10-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | Water-dispersible polymeric compositions |
US5025004A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1991-06-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Water-dispersible polymeric compositions |
US20060147526A1 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2006-07-06 | Cipla Limted | Pharmaceutical formulations comprising ß-2 adrenoreceptor agonists and xanthines |
US20070042041A1 (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-02-22 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Drug-surfactant complexes for sustained release |
US20070207203A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-06 | Xiu Xiu Cheng And Dacheng Tian | Oral controlled release formulation for sedative and hypotnic agents |
US11160758B2 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2021-11-02 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Modified release formulations and uses thereof |
US11370753B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2022-06-28 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Crystal forms and production methods thereof |
US11517558B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2022-12-06 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Nonracemic mixtures and uses thereof |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE773113A (fr) * | 1970-09-28 | 1972-01-17 | Controlled Medications | Composition pharmaceutique a liberation progressive de la substance active |
FR2183546B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1972-05-10 | 1975-06-20 | Servier Lab | |
DE3524003A1 (de) | 1985-07-04 | 1987-01-08 | Heumann Ludwig & Co Gmbh | Arzneimittelgranulat mit verzoegerter wirkstofffreisetzung und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
-
1968
- 1968-06-10 US US735571A patent/US3577514A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1969
- 1969-05-16 GB GB25235/69A patent/GB1235787A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-05-28 DE DE19691927130 patent/DE1927130A1/de active Pending
- 1969-05-30 FR FR6917833A patent/FR2010541A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3909444A (en) * | 1971-08-05 | 1975-09-30 | Ncr Co | Microcapsule |
US4244941A (en) * | 1972-10-06 | 1981-01-13 | Gist-Brocades N.V. | Controlled release composition and process for preparing same |
US4189469A (en) * | 1975-05-10 | 1980-02-19 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Pharmaceutical compositions |
US4540602A (en) * | 1979-04-13 | 1985-09-10 | Freund Industry Company, Limited | Process for the preparation of activated pharmaceutical compositions |
US4264573A (en) * | 1979-05-21 | 1981-04-28 | Rowell Laboratories, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulation for slow release via controlled surface erosion |
DE3100191A1 (de) * | 1980-01-11 | 1981-12-10 | The Boots Co. Ltd., Nottingham | Pharmazeutische zubereitung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
US4308251A (en) * | 1980-01-11 | 1981-12-29 | Boots Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Controlled release formulations of orally-active medicaments |
EP0103387A3 (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1984-12-12 | Pfizer Inc. | Long-acting matrix tablet formulations |
US4704284A (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1987-11-03 | Pfizer Inc. | Long-acting matrix tablet formulations |
US4521401A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1985-06-04 | Verex Laboratories, Inc. | Constant release rate solid oral dosage formulations of quinidine |
US4522804A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1985-06-11 | Verex Laboratories, Inc. | Constant release rate solid oral dosage formulations of propranolol |
US4461759A (en) * | 1983-01-03 | 1984-07-24 | Verex Laboratories, Inc. | Constant release rate solid oral dosage formulations of veropamil |
WO1984004674A1 (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1984-12-06 | Jang Choong Gook | Dry direct compression compositions for controlled release dosage forms |
US4882167A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1989-11-21 | Jang Choong Gook | Dry direct compression compositions for controlled release dosage forms |
US4904478A (en) * | 1983-08-11 | 1990-02-27 | Mission Pharmacal Company | Slow-release sodium fluoride tablet and method for treatment of osteoporosis |
US4726952A (en) * | 1983-08-11 | 1988-02-23 | Mission Pharmacal | Slow-release sodium fluoride tablet, method of making, and method of treatment of osteoporosis |
US4590062A (en) * | 1984-04-16 | 1986-05-20 | Tech Trade Corp. | Dry direct compression compositions for controlled release dosage forms |
US4608248A (en) * | 1985-11-08 | 1986-08-26 | Warner-Lambert Company | Process for time-controlled release of active ingredients |
US4837032A (en) * | 1986-02-04 | 1989-06-06 | Farval Ag | Theophylline sustained release tablet |
US4820523A (en) * | 1986-04-15 | 1989-04-11 | Warner-Lambert Company | Pharmaceutical composition |
US4960814A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1990-10-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | Water-dispersible polymeric compositions |
US5025004A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1991-06-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Water-dispersible polymeric compositions |
US20060147526A1 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2006-07-06 | Cipla Limted | Pharmaceutical formulations comprising ß-2 adrenoreceptor agonists and xanthines |
US20100105637A1 (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2010-04-29 | Kim Cherng-Ju | Drug-surfactant complexes for sustained release |
US20070042041A1 (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-02-22 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Drug-surfactant complexes for sustained release |
US20070207203A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-06 | Xiu Xiu Cheng And Dacheng Tian | Oral controlled release formulation for sedative and hypotnic agents |
US20090123535A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2009-05-14 | Xiu Xiu Cheng | Oral Controlled Release Formulation for Sedatives and Hypnotic Agents |
US8309104B2 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2012-11-13 | Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Oral controlled release formulation for sedative and hypnotic agents |
US11370753B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2022-06-28 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Crystal forms and production methods thereof |
US11517558B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2022-12-06 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Nonracemic mixtures and uses thereof |
US11767293B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2023-09-26 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Crystal forms and production methods thereof |
US12161623B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2024-12-10 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Nonracemic mixtures and uses thereof |
US11160758B2 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2021-11-02 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Modified release formulations and uses thereof |
US11654113B2 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2023-05-23 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Modified release formulations and uses thereof |
US12161758B2 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2024-12-10 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Modified release formulations and uses thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2010541A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1970-02-20 |
DE1927130A1 (de) | 1969-12-11 |
GB1235787A (en) | 1971-06-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3577514A (en) | Sustained release pharmaceutical tablets | |
US3965256A (en) | Slow release pharmaceutical compositions | |
US4235870A (en) | Slow release pharmaceutical compositions | |
US2887438A (en) | Prolonged action tablets | |
CA1199870A (en) | Prolonged-action multiple-layer tablets | |
US3728445A (en) | Controlled release medicament | |
EP0345787B1 (en) | Drug in combination with flavor masking agent and method for making same | |
AT394310B (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung lagerstabiler, schnellzerfallender pharmazeutischer wirkstoff-presslinge | |
US4650664A (en) | Oral mopidamol preparation | |
EP0173210B1 (de) | Pellet-Zubereitung | |
US3427378A (en) | Sustained release encapsulated formula | |
US3362881A (en) | Sustained release tablet and method of manufacturing same | |
EP0108218A2 (en) | Constant release rate solid oral dosage formulation of pharmaceutical compounds having a high degree of water solubility | |
FI101040B (fi) | Menetelmä sentraalisten dopamiininpuutostilojen hoitoon tarkoitetun, p eroraalisesti annettavan lääkemuodon valmistamiseksi | |
JPH07509479A (ja) | 長期間にわたって2段階で放出する形態を有する固体の薬剤投与形態およびその製造 | |
US6620432B2 (en) | Phenytoin sodium pharmaceutical compositions | |
GB2101484A (en) | Oral dipyridamole compositions | |
JPH02138210A (ja) | 圧縮成型製剤 | |
US3078216A (en) | Prolonged release oral pharmaceutical preparations | |
JPH0228564B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | ||
JP2024180618A (ja) | レベチラセタムを含む錠剤 | |
US3102845A (en) | Pharmaceutical tablet | |
US4444769A (en) | Antihypertensive diuretic combination composition and associated method | |
GB2123291A (en) | Suloctidil compositions | |
US3039922A (en) | Method of administering tablets having decongestant and anti-histaminic activity |