US3568592A - Power hammer - Google Patents

Power hammer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3568592A
US3568592A US807624A US3568592DA US3568592A US 3568592 A US3568592 A US 3568592A US 807624 A US807624 A US 807624A US 3568592D A US3568592D A US 3568592DA US 3568592 A US3568592 A US 3568592A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
ram
hydraulic fluid
conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US807624A
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English (en)
Inventor
Pavel Harvanek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vyzkumny Ustav Tvarecich Stroju a Technologie Tvareni
Original Assignee
Vyzk Ustav Tvarecich Stroju
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vyzk Ustav Tvarecich Stroju filed Critical Vyzk Ustav Tvarecich Stroju
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3568592A publication Critical patent/US3568592A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J7/22—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers
    • B21J7/34—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers operating both the hammer and the anvil, so-called counter-tup

Definitions

  • a conduit provides communication between the hydraulic fluid of the upper piston-andcylinder means and the lower piston-and-cylinder means.
  • a control valve is provided in the conduit to open the latter so that when the gas drives the ram downwardly the hydraulic fluid under pressure will flow through the conduit from the upper piston-and-cylinder means into the lower piston-andcylinder means to raise the frame means, and the anvil therewith, simultaneously with the downward movement of the ram.
  • the present invention relates to a power hammer.
  • the ram is driven downwardly by a gaseous fluid under pressure and upwardly by a hydraulic fluid under pressure which extends beneath a piston which is operatively connected with the ram.
  • the frame of the hammer carries the anvil which is situated beneath the ram, and a lower piston-and-cylinder means is mounted in the foundation and is operatively connected with the frame for raising and lowering the latter together with the anvil.
  • An operating conduit provides communications between the hydraulic fluid under pressure which raises the ram and the I lower piston-and-cylinder means.
  • a frame means 1 of the power hammer This frame means fixedly carries an anvil 20 which is situated beneath a ram 2. Suitable guides are provided for guiding the ram 2 upwardly and downwardly.
  • An upper piston-andcylinder means generally designated 21 is provided for controlling the movement of the ram 2 downwardly along its working stroke and upwardly along its return stroke.
  • This upper piston-and-cylinder means includes an upper piston 3 and an upper cylinder 4. The cylinder 4 is directly carried by the frame means 1 while the piston 3 is operatively connected directly with the ram 2. At least one of these assemblies 3,4 is provided, although a plurality thereof may be provided as well, if desired and required.
  • the space within the cylinder d above the piston 3 receives a gaseous fluid under pressure; while a hydraulic fluid under pressure is situated beneath the piston 3 within the cylinder 4.
  • the space within the cylinder 4 above the piston 3 communicates with one or more tanks in which a compressed gas is situated.
  • These pressure vessels are illustrated schematically since they are conventional and controlled in a well-known manner to admit gas under pressure into the upper part of the cylinder 4 when it is desired to drive the ram 2 downwardly along its working stroke.
  • the structure of the invention includes further a lower piston-and-cylinder means which, as schematically shown in the drawing, includes pistons 5, each piston being fixed to and extending downwardly from the frame means 1, and cylinders 6, each receiving a piston 5 and being fixedly carried by the foundation which is beneath the frame means 1.
  • the cylinders 6 may be embedded in the foundation.
  • the same hydraulic fluid under pressure which is situated beneath the piston 3 is also located within the cylinders 6 to coact with the pistons 5 in a manner described below.
  • An operating conduit means 7 provides communication between the space beneath the piston 3 within the cylinder, 4 and the cylinders 6 so that through this operating conduit means 7 it is possible for the hydraulic fluid to flow directly from the upper cylinder 4, that is, from the space beneath the piston 3 therein, into the cylinders 6. It will be noted that the cylinders 6 all communicate with each other through a conduit 22 so that the operating conduit 7 need only communicate with one of the cylinders 6, as shown in the drawing.
  • a control valve means 8 is operatively connected with the operating conduit means 7 for opening and closing the latter.
  • This control valve means may be manually opened and closed or may be electromagnetically actuated in a well-known manner.
  • a bypass valve means 9 communicates with the operating conduit means 7, bypassing the control valve means 6, so that fluid can flow upwardly through the valve 9 and bypass the valve 8.
  • fluid can flow downwardly from the upper to the lower piston-and-cylinder means through the valve 6 when the latter is opened, for instance, manually or electromagnetically, fluid can move from the lower pistonandcylinder means upwardly back into the upper piston-andcylinder means through the bypass valve 9.
  • a supply conduit means communicates with the operating conduit means 7 between the valve 8 and the cylinder 6 in order to supply hydraulic fluid under pressure into the cylinder 4 beneath 81 piston 3.
  • a valve 11 is operatively connected with the conduit 10 for permitting fluid under pressure to flow upwardly through the conduit 10 into the cylinder 4.
  • the supply conduit means 10 is supplied with fluid under pressure by a pump 12 which has a suction conduit communicating with a reservoir 14 in which the hydraulic liquid, such as a suitable oil, is located.
  • a valve 13 is situated in the suction conduit so that this valve controls the flow of fluid from reservoir 14 into the suction side of the pump 12.
  • a bypass conduit 16 extends from the pressure outlet of the pump 12 between the latter and the valve 11 to a controlled bypass valve 17 through which the hydraulic fluid is circulated back to the tank 14.
  • the spaces within the cylinders 6 beneath the pistons 6 communicate not only with the operating conduit means 7 but also with a return flow conduit means 15 which provides communication between the cylinders 6 and the suction inlet of the pump 12 between the latter and the valve 13.
  • valves 9, ll, and 13 may be nonreturn check valves permitting the hydraulic fluid to flow upwardly but not downwardly, while the manually or electrically actuated valve 8 can be a nonretum valve permitting the hydraulic fluid to flow downwardly but not upwardly.
  • the valve 17 can be automatically actuated to provide for a flow from the pump 12 back to the tank 14.
  • the pump 12 which operates continuously whenever the hammer is operated sucks the fluid from the reservoir 14 through the valve 13 and delivers the fluid under pressure through the supply conduit means 10 and the valve 11 into the cylinder 4 beneath the piston 3 therein.
  • the piston 3 moves upwardly to raise the ram 2 up to its top dead center position which is the starting position for the downward driving stroke of the ram.
  • an electrical mechanism such as a time relay switch S and which is conventional is automatically actuated to open the valve 17 so that while the pump 12 continues to operate the fluid will simply be circulated back into the tank 14.
  • valve means 8 is opened so that now the gas under pressure above the piston 3 will drive the latter downwardly while at the same time the hydraulic fluid under pressure can flow downwardly out of the cylinder 4 into the cylinders 6 through the operating conduit means 7.
  • the ram 2 will, thus, move downwardly along its working stroke partly as a result of its own weight and partly as a result of the pressure of the gas acting downwardly on the piston 3.
  • the frame means 1 as a result of the action of the fluid under pressure which enters the cylinders 6 from the conduit 7, is displaced upwardly by the hydraulic fluid under pressure so that both the frame means 1 and the anvil 20 carried thereby move upwardly simultaneously with the downward movement of the ram 2.
  • valve 17 closes as soon as ram 2 moves down from its upper dead center position.
  • the frame means 1 When impact on the work has taken place, the frame means 1 will react by moving downwardly so that the pistons displace the hydraulic fluid under pressure through the prefilling conduit 15 into the suction conduit of the pump 12 and, further, through the supply conduit means back into the cylinder 4 beneath the piston 3. In this way, use is made of the energy stored in the raised frame means 1 and all the structure carried thereby, upon raising of the latter, so that the entire weight of the raised frame means 1 is used to at least partly fill the space in the cylinder 4 beneath the piston 3.
  • the bypass valve means 9 also contributes to the return of the hydraulic fluid under pressure from the lower to the upper piston-andcylinder means by automatically opening at the instant of hard impact and rapid return of the ram so that at this time fluid also flows upwardly through the conduit 7 bypassing the valve 8 in order to enter the cylinder 4. Because of the presence of the bypass valve 9, undesirable pressure peaks generated by the violent impact of the piston 3 with the oil therebeneath in the working cylinder 4 in the case of inadequate filling, as the ram 2 moves rapidly back toward its starting position directly after impact, are avoided.
  • the conduit may be provided with a suitable throttling aperture to assure displacement of the fluid from the conduit 7 into the cylinders 6 for raising the pistons 5 rather than displacement of the fluid out of the cylinders 6 through the conduit 15 to the pump 12 during the downward working stroke of the piston 2.
  • a throttling means can assure that the entire frame means 1 and the structure carried thereby will be properly raised to coact properly with the downwardly moving ram while upon rebounding downward thrust of the frame means 1 immediately after impact the pressure in the cylinders 6 beneath the pistons 5 is increased at least for a short period to such a great extent that fluid is displaced through the throttling means and the conduit 15 to the pump 12 as well as through the bypass valve means 9 in the manner described above.
  • a ram and an anvil situated therebeneath movable frame means carrying said anvil for movement jointly therewith, upper piston-and-cylinder means carried in part by said frame means and operatively connected in part to said ram for driving the latter along a downward working stroke with a gaseous pressure fluid and for raising said ram along its return stroke with a hydraulic pressure fluid, lower piston-and-cylinder means carried by a foundation beneath said frame means and operatively connected with said frame means for raising and lowering the latter, operating conduit means providing communication between said lower piston-and-cylinder means and the hydraulic fluid of said upper piston-and-cylinder means, and control valve means operatively connected with said conduit means for opening the latter to provide for flow of the hydraulic fluid from said upper to said lower piston-and-cylinder means for raising said frame means and anvil while said ram is driven downwardly by said upper piston-and-cylinder means.
  • bypass valve means communicates with said operating conduit means bypassing said control valve means for directing hydraulic pressure fluid from said lower back to said upper piston-andcylinder means for at least partially returning said ram upwardly to its starting position directly after impact on the work by the downwardly moving ram and anvil carried by the upwardly moving frame means.
  • said upper piston-and-cylinder means includes a cylinder carried by said frame means and a piston operatively connected to said ram and movable in said cylinder, said cylinder having a space beneath said piston in which is located the hydraulic fluid under pressure which communicates through said operating conduit means with said lower piston-and-cylinder means, and the space within said cylinder above said piston being adapted to accommodate a gaseous fluid under pressure.
  • a supply conduit means communicates with said operating conduit means at a location between said control valve-means and said upper piston-and-cylinder means for supplying hydraulic fluid under pressure to the latter, pump means communicating with said supply conduit means for pumping hydraulic fluid under pressure thereto, suction conduit means leading into said pump means for delivering hydraulic fluid thereto, and connecting conduit means leading from said lower piston-and-cylinder means to said suction conduit means so that during downward movement of said frame means part of the hydraulic fluid displaced out of said lower piston-and-cylinder means will flow into and through said pump means along said supply conduit means to said upper piston-and-cylinder means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
US807624A 1968-03-18 1969-03-17 Power hammer Expired - Lifetime US3568592A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS206368 1968-03-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3568592A true US3568592A (en) 1971-03-09

Family

ID=5356638

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US807624A Expired - Lifetime US3568592A (en) 1968-03-18 1969-03-17 Power hammer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3568592A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2004154A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1207785A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414167A (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-11-08 Rca Corporation Method for molding an article
US4478566A (en) * 1982-02-18 1984-10-23 Rca Corporation Apparatus for injection molding an article
US5802966A (en) * 1996-08-05 1998-09-08 The Minster Machine Company Dual mount control system
WO2001083134A1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-08 Morphic Technologies Aktiebolag Impact machine ii

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2432347A1 (fr) * 1978-08-01 1980-02-29 Stepantsov Georgy Marteau dont la masse tombante et l'enclume mobile sont animees d'un mouvement de rencontre
GB2136980B (en) * 1983-02-08 1986-05-14 Kodak Ltd Sensitive silver halide photothermographic materials for producing dye images

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2655002A (en) * 1952-09-11 1953-10-13 Hydropress Inc Liquid pressure transmission system
US2914971A (en) * 1957-05-28 1959-12-01 Lombard Corp Counter-blow forging hammer
US3103136A (en) * 1960-11-28 1963-09-10 Warner Swasey Co High energy impact machine
US3145648A (en) * 1962-04-26 1964-08-25 Trans Energy Corp High energy impact forming machine
US3353396A (en) * 1962-10-31 1967-11-21 Langenstein & Schemann Ag Swaging hammers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2655002A (en) * 1952-09-11 1953-10-13 Hydropress Inc Liquid pressure transmission system
US2914971A (en) * 1957-05-28 1959-12-01 Lombard Corp Counter-blow forging hammer
US3103136A (en) * 1960-11-28 1963-09-10 Warner Swasey Co High energy impact machine
US3145648A (en) * 1962-04-26 1964-08-25 Trans Energy Corp High energy impact forming machine
US3353396A (en) * 1962-10-31 1967-11-21 Langenstein & Schemann Ag Swaging hammers

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414167A (en) * 1982-02-18 1983-11-08 Rca Corporation Method for molding an article
US4478566A (en) * 1982-02-18 1984-10-23 Rca Corporation Apparatus for injection molding an article
US5802966A (en) * 1996-08-05 1998-09-08 The Minster Machine Company Dual mount control system
WO2001083134A1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-08 Morphic Technologies Aktiebolag Impact machine ii

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1913255A1 (de) 1969-10-02
GB1207785A (en) 1970-10-07
DE1913255B2 (de) 1972-09-28
FR2004154A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-21

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