US3566767A - Air ventilating or air conditioning system - Google Patents

Air ventilating or air conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3566767A
US3566767A US766254A US3566767DA US3566767A US 3566767 A US3566767 A US 3566767A US 766254 A US766254 A US 766254A US 3566767D A US3566767D A US 3566767DA US 3566767 A US3566767 A US 3566767A
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Prior art keywords
air
ducts
duct
air conditioning
conditioning system
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US766254A
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English (en)
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Paul Odelga
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/0227—Ducting arrangements using parts of the building, e.g. air ducts inside the floor, walls or ceiling of a building
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

Definitions

  • the invention refers to an air ventilating or air conditioning system.
  • Air ventilating or air conditioning systems are being used in ever increasing extent in view of simultaneaously with technical progress steadily infiltrating life additional heat sources being installed in increasing number within rooms, in view of the high prices of real estates and in view of the high building costs the air space available per individual becoming ever smaller.
  • Air ventilating or air conditioning systems are therefore not only installed within crowded buildings, for instance warehouses, restaurants, cafes, cinemas, theatres, auditoriums and soon, but also in ever increasing extent within office buildings, and it is also desireable to provide mixed apartment and office buildings and buildings exclusively intended for apartments with air ventilating or air conditioning systems.
  • This trend is, however, counteracted by the high costs for installing air ventilating and air conditioning systems of known construction. This applies also when installing an air ventilating or air conditioning system within existing buildings, because, in most cases, this is only possible under extensive building alterations.
  • air ventilating or air conditioning systems require a relatively large area which is not always and everywhere at disposal.
  • Air conditioning systems of the type most frequently used comprise a central air processing equipment being arranged in the cellar or on the loft, and a vertical air duct or, in case of a dual ducting system working under high pressure, two vertical air supply ducts (one duct conveying cold air and the other duct conveying warm air), whereby to the air supply duct or to the air supply ducting work branch conduitsare horizontally connected at the level of the corresponding floors.
  • a vertically arranged sucked air duct is provided via which a part of the sucked air (circulated air) is returned to the air processing equipment and the other part of the sucked air (exhaust air) is exhausted to the atmosphere.
  • Such a sucked air or recirculated air duct can be omitted if the air conditioning system works under a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure, or works with internal air circulation. Since from the vertical air supply duct the branch conduits are branched off at the respective floors,.the cross section of the air supply duct must be, with the air processing equipment arranged at the loft, gradually reduced from top to bottom for establishing approximately uniforrn pressure conditions for all branch conduits. lf now an additional branch conduit is provided or if the cross section of the branch conduit is altered or a branch is closed down, the pressure conditions and the air velocity is changed to such an extent that the air conditioning system can no more be properly operated.
  • Theinvention now aims at avoiding the difficulties and disadvantages mentioned.
  • the invention particularly aims at improving an air ventilating system or air conditioning system comprising. at least one ducting work provided with a horizontal main duct to which are connected at least two vertical distributing ducts.
  • each of the vertical distributing ducts is of equal cross section area over its whole length and is provided at at least some of the floors, preferably at each floor, with openings for exhausting air or sucking air, respectively, each of said openings being provided with closure means, and the cross section are of each of said openings being equal to that of the respectively corresponding vertical distributing duct, so that the total amount of air supplied via the-ducting work may selectively be fed to one floor, several floors or all floors.
  • an air circulating or air conditioning system is provided, which, at any time, may be adapted to new requirements arising.
  • the vertical distributing ducts can consist of tubular profiles of plastic material, said tubular profiles being provided with a jacket of fire resistant material, for instance concrete.
  • the vertical distributing duct within prefabricated wall plinths consisting of fire resistant material, for instance concrete.
  • Reinforcing iron rods may be incorporated within said jacket of fire resistant material, so that the jacket consisting of concrete, together with the vertical distributing ducts may serve as carrying part, for instance for the ceilings of the building.
  • the space requirements are substantially reduced because the vertical climate duct necessary with air conditioning systems recently used and having a large cross section, can be omitted, the cross section of said climate duct being larger by 60 to percent than the necessarily large cross section of the air ducts. Thisis based on the necessity in known systems to provide for an accessibility of certain parts and the possi-.
  • a further essential advantage of the construction according to the invention is the resulting weight reduction.
  • the weight of metal plate ducts of known air conditioning systems in buildings of medium size, as a rule, is 25 to 30 tons.
  • the weight of the ducts of a system according to the invention is, based on equal cross section, in spite of the greater wall thickness only 21 percent of the weight of metal plate ducts of equal size, what means that instead of metal plate duets with a total weight of 25 tons, ducts of plastic material must be made the basis of calculations, the weight of said ducts amounting to 5.5 to 6 tons.
  • Such weight reductions also enables reduction of the costs for erecting the building.
  • each vertical distribution duct is the same over its whole length, whereby, preferably, also the cross sections of the individual vertical distributing ducts are all the same.
  • the duct cross section is standardized, so that one can do with only a single duct shape. Such the costs of the air ventilating or air conditioning system can further be reduced.
  • a system according to the invention with respect to its air supply assembly, is, of course, applicable for single ducting works and for dual ducting works, in the latter of which ducting works cold air and hot air is conveyed through different ducts. With respect to the recirculated air it is of course possible to provide an air exhausting system or combinations thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through a building with several floors and provided with an air conditioning system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a section along line 11-11 of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3 through 7 are top plan views of different embodiments of moulded constructional parts, which can be usedfor erecting the vertical distributing ducts.
  • FIGS. 8 through 10 show a side elevation, respectively a top plan view, respectively a section along line X -X of FIG. 8, of a connecting piece, which is provided with the exhaust openings and sucking openings, respectively, provided with closure members and to be coordinated to the individual vertical distributing ducts.
  • FIG. 11 is a vertical section through such a connecting piece for a moulded constructional part of FIG. 6.
  • the air conditioning systems shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided with an air supply system 1 (FIG. 2) and an exhaust air system 2.
  • the air supply system 1 is fed by a central air processing equipment 3, to which the air at least partially is fed back via the recirculated air system 2.
  • the air processing equipment is arranged within the cellar of the building, however, it is also possible to arrange the air processing equipment at the loft of the building.
  • the air supply ducting work I is provided with a horizontal main duct or collecting duct 4 connected to the air processing equipment 3. From this main duct 4 several vertical distributing ducts 5 are branched off.
  • the vertical distributing ducts consist of a material as smooth as possible for providing an as low as possible resistance for the air forded through the ducts.
  • Each of said vertical distributing ducts is provided at each floor with an exhaust opening 6, which can be airtightly sealed by a suitable closure cap 7.
  • the cross section area of each exhaust opening 6 is equal to the cross section area of the corresponding vertical distributing duct 5, so that all of the air supplied from the main duct 4 can selectively be fed to one floor, several floors or all floors.
  • the exhaust openings 6 are at each floor conveniently arranged between the ceiling 8 and the suspended ceiling 9, whereby it is possible to connect to the exhaust openings 6 pressure relief members of any known type, flow directing means or branch conduit systems.
  • the recirculated air ducting work 2 is essentially identical with the air supply ducting work I.
  • the horizontal collecting duct is designated with 10, the vertical ducts are designated with 11 and the sucking openings are designated with 12; the closure caps for the sucking openings 12 are designated with 13.
  • each vertical duct is sufficiently small to enable the use of tubes, consisting of synthetic plastic material tubes, these tubes are provided with a jacket consisting of concrete.
  • tubes consisting of synthetic plastic material tubes
  • a jacket consisting of concrete.
  • Such a construction can be realized in two different manners. Firstly it is possible to erect the synthetic plastic material tube system, then to completely enclose the tube system within a mould and then to cast concrete into the mould for the height of a story, and so on. Secondly it is possible to prefabricate wall parts within which air ducts are spared out. The cross section of such wall parts is shown in FIGS. 3 through 7. Such wall parts are manufactured in different length, so that stories of different heights can be erected.
  • Each wall part has the form of a plate and is provided with a plurality of tubes or profiled ducts 14 consisting of synthetic plastic material, said tubes or ducts defining the vertical distributing ducts 5.
  • the jacket of concrete is designated with 15.
  • the cross section is selected in dependence on the intended final use of the building.
  • the cross sections shown in FIGS. 3 through 5 are particularly suitable for buildings with vast rooms, for instance for warehouses, restaurants and so on, whereas the cross section shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 will preferably be used if a great number of small rooms is to be air conditioned.
  • the concrete jacket 15 of both, the wall parts and the connecting pieces can be provided in a manner known per se with reinforcing inserts, so that the wall parts and the connecting pieces may serve as carrying elements, for instance for ceilings.
  • the invention further provides the possibility to connect in a single building air conditioning systems of types to common air supply ducts, recirculated air ducts, filters and so on, and thereby to avoid additional costs.
  • An air conditioning system for a multi-floor structure comprising at least one ducting work with a horizontal main duct to which several vertical distributing ducts, combined into groups, are connected, said distributing ducts extending through all floors and each distributing duct being provided at each floor to be supplied with an opening connecting said duct with said floor, said openings being disposed to be closed, whereby always not more than one of these opening is kept open in each distributing duct.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US766254A 1967-10-11 1968-10-09 Air ventilating or air conditioning system Expired - Lifetime US3566767A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT919467A AT316067B (de) 1967-10-11 1967-10-11 Luftverteilungsanlage

Publications (1)

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US3566767A true US3566767A (en) 1971-03-02

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US766254A Expired - Lifetime US3566767A (en) 1967-10-11 1968-10-09 Air ventilating or air conditioning system

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US (1) US3566767A (enrdf_load_html_response)
AT (1) AT316067B (enrdf_load_html_response)
CH (1) CH503236A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1801852A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
ES (1) ES359036A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR1585576A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1250662A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3817161A (en) * 1972-10-26 1974-06-18 N Koplon Smoke protection system
NL2036469A (en) * 2023-08-25 2024-03-14 China Architecture Design & Research Group Co Ltd Mechanically-assisted ventilation system with double-wall cavity
EP3604949B1 (en) * 2017-03-23 2025-01-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Facility equipment management apparatus

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2521698A1 (fr) * 1982-02-16 1983-08-19 Scordino Hubert Elements porteurs a alveoles formant par juxtaposition une gaine de ventilation et d'amenee d'air
GB2135360B (en) * 1982-10-05 1986-10-22 Clive Robert William Marshall Roof ventilation
AT1634U1 (de) * 1994-05-27 1997-08-25 Lig Lueftungstechnische Ingeni Zuluftanlage für gebäude
DE102019100690A1 (de) * 2019-01-11 2020-07-16 Erlus Aktiengesellschaft Lüftungsnetzwerk

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US237312A (en) * 1881-02-01 noyes
US1968680A (en) * 1931-02-25 1934-07-31 Grothaus Gerard George Ventilating apparatus for buildings
US1974767A (en) * 1931-04-06 1934-09-25 Insulated Steel Construction C Heating system for metal building
US2120883A (en) * 1935-01-21 1938-06-14 Kemper P Brace Air conditioning system
US2123440A (en) * 1936-04-13 1938-07-12 Clifford J Schlafman Air conditioning system
US2177597A (en) * 1936-10-16 1939-10-24 Honeywell Regulator Co Summer-winter air conditioning system
US2294038A (en) * 1939-09-20 1942-08-25 Gen Motors Corp Air distributing means for air conditioning apparatus
US2465184A (en) * 1946-09-18 1949-03-22 William N Alderman Building heating system
US2621027A (en) * 1946-12-11 1952-12-09 Tatsch Richard Panel heating and cooling system
US2641449A (en) * 1947-11-14 1953-06-09 John C Antony Building construction
US2726593A (en) * 1952-02-18 1955-12-13 Forest Glen Ayers Hot air panel and circulatory heating system
US2971747A (en) * 1957-07-11 1961-02-14 Robertson Co H H Air conditioning and distributing system

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US237312A (en) * 1881-02-01 noyes
US1968680A (en) * 1931-02-25 1934-07-31 Grothaus Gerard George Ventilating apparatus for buildings
US1974767A (en) * 1931-04-06 1934-09-25 Insulated Steel Construction C Heating system for metal building
US2120883A (en) * 1935-01-21 1938-06-14 Kemper P Brace Air conditioning system
US2123440A (en) * 1936-04-13 1938-07-12 Clifford J Schlafman Air conditioning system
US2177597A (en) * 1936-10-16 1939-10-24 Honeywell Regulator Co Summer-winter air conditioning system
US2294038A (en) * 1939-09-20 1942-08-25 Gen Motors Corp Air distributing means for air conditioning apparatus
US2465184A (en) * 1946-09-18 1949-03-22 William N Alderman Building heating system
US2621027A (en) * 1946-12-11 1952-12-09 Tatsch Richard Panel heating and cooling system
US2641449A (en) * 1947-11-14 1953-06-09 John C Antony Building construction
US2726593A (en) * 1952-02-18 1955-12-13 Forest Glen Ayers Hot air panel and circulatory heating system
US2971747A (en) * 1957-07-11 1961-02-14 Robertson Co H H Air conditioning and distributing system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3817161A (en) * 1972-10-26 1974-06-18 N Koplon Smoke protection system
EP3604949B1 (en) * 2017-03-23 2025-01-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Facility equipment management apparatus
NL2036469A (en) * 2023-08-25 2024-03-14 China Architecture Design & Research Group Co Ltd Mechanically-assisted ventilation system with double-wall cavity

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GB1250662A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-10-20
FR1585576A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-01-23
ES359036A1 (es) 1970-05-16
AT316067B (de) 1974-06-25
DE1801852A1 (de) 1969-05-29
CH503236A (de) 1971-02-15

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