US3560323A - Fire-proofing of elements provided with cavities containing a powdered infill material - Google Patents

Fire-proofing of elements provided with cavities containing a powdered infill material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3560323A
US3560323A US600435A US3560323DA US3560323A US 3560323 A US3560323 A US 3560323A US 600435 A US600435 A US 600435A US 3560323D A US3560323D A US 3560323DA US 3560323 A US3560323 A US 3560323A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
panel
mixture
borax
sodium borate
fire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US600435A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles Emile Zwickert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR41728A external-priority patent/FR1470329A/fr
Priority claimed from FR45459A external-priority patent/FR1476639A/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3560323A publication Critical patent/US3560323A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C08L61/22—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
    • C08L61/24—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with urea or thiourea
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C08L61/26—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds
    • C08L61/28—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds with melamine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24744—Longitudinal or transverse tubular cavity or cell

Definitions

  • a prefabricated panel having fireproof charact ristics said panel having internal cavities filled with a pulverulent mixture comprising a small proportion of borax which agglutinates the mixture upon heating, thus preventing the flowing of the mixture outside the cavities when the panel is perforated up to the cavities under action of a flame.
  • borax Preferably, less than 60 grams of finely powdered borax per liter of mixture is thoroughly dispersed in the remainder of the mixture, which is usually a granular sound insulating agent such as sand, asbestos, refractory earth, cement, etc. If desired, the mixture may be partially pre-agglutinated by moderate heating. In addition, a small proportion of borax may be added to any adhesives used in making the panel.
  • the present invention relates to improvements in prefabricated panels.
  • Prefabricated panels which have a core of organic materials agglomerated by sticking and pressing for example panels consisting of agglomerated chips of wood or other vegetable materials, are limited in their use in the building industry because of the generally insuflicient fire resistance of these panels.
  • results obtained are better in proportion as the dispersion of the sodium borate in the panel is improved.
  • One way of obtaining an excellent dispersion consists in mixing the sodium borate with the adhesive used for bonding together the materials which form the panel.
  • the quality of the results obtained increases with the finess of the sodium borate powder. If this sodium borate, because of a long storage period, forms pellets or other agglomerates, it must be screened, for example with a screen having a mesh size of the order of five tenths of a millimeter and preferably smaller than this size, before being mixed with the adhesive.
  • the proportions of sodium borate and adhesive are similar to the proportions indicated above for the adhesive of the panel.
  • the sodium borate does in fact penetrate with the adhesive into the pores of the facing and produces therein its effect on resisting propagation of flame when this facing is exposed to the action of a flame.
  • the panel is of the type known as a tubular panel (the panel comprising internal tubular compartments containing a sound-insulating agent in powder or granular form and/or a fire-resisting agent), it is also easy and very advantageous to mix sodium borate with this agent.
  • a simple addition of about 20 g. of sodium borate per litre of powdered agent is suificient to provide excellent results, and an addition which is between 20 g. and 60 g. per litre is suitable in practically every case.
  • the powdered 0r granular agent can be for example sand, refractory earth, cement, lime, crushed porcelain, pumice, vermiculite, asbestos, plaster, wood flour, etc., and mixtures thereof, the best results being obtained with the material which are as fine as possible.
  • this insulating agent does not have sodium borate added thereto, which is the case in known panels, the agent is able to escape from the compartment containing it when the panel is penetrated as far as the compartment by the action of a flame, and the compartment which is thus emptied serves as a chimney for the fire, thereby accelerating the destruction of the panel.
  • Sodium borate has the unexpected property of solidifying the agent in powder form when the mixture of this powdered agent and sodium borate is touched by a flame: the result of this is that the mixture is agglutinated under the action of heat and forms a block which is retained in the compartment and which resists the fire.
  • sodium borate releases, under the action of heat, gases which contribute to preventing the propagation of the flame in the panel.
  • the prefabricated panel containing compartments filled with a pulverulent mixture of sound-insulating agent and sodium borate can if desired be subjected to a moderate heating (for example of about 60 to 180 (1.), this having the effect of hardening at least the periphery of the aforesaid mixture and of stabilising it, so that there is no longer any danger of the mixture running out of the panel if the latter is perforated by a pointed object extending through the panel as far as a compartment.
  • a moderate heating for example of about 60 to 180 (1.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to supply prefabricated panels of agglomerated materials containing a sound-insulating agent which is stabilised against flow and having a considerably improved fire resistance.
  • the panel there shown has a core 1 consisting of organic materials agglomerated by sticking and pressing, this core being formed with tubular compartments 2 containing silica as a sound-insulating agent 3.
  • a facing 4 is stuck to the core of the panel on one of its large surfaces.
  • the panel is made of agglomerated wood chips and has a thickness of 50 mm., while the compartments contain a mixture of borax (usual commercial form of sodium borate) and dry fine sand at the rate of 3 to 5% by Weight of borax.
  • Borax powder is marketed by Messrs. Prolabo under the name LP 654.
  • the panel just described has a remarkable behaviour With respect to fire, the mixture of silica and sodium borate being homogenised and hardened under the action of heat, forming white and rigid cylindrical rods which contain the fire for a long time.
  • Sodium borate is introduced into the panel itself by being mixed with the adhesive used for agglomerating the chips or other constituents of the panel and/or by mixing it with the adhesive used for fixing a facing to the panel and/or by mixing with an agent in powder form introduced into the internal compartments of the panel.
  • the sodium borate can alternatively have other fillers added thereto.
  • the invention provides in particular for the addition thereto of asbestos, which is not in fibre form, but in the form of a powder which is as fine as possible, the fineness of the asbestos powder being preferably comparable with that of flour or talcum.
  • the powdered asbestos forms substantially around each chip a sheath which is constituted by a .cloud of particles which are close to one another and are held by the adhesive, insulating the chip and in intimate contact with it, simultaneously preventing it from swelling due to absorption of water and from being distilled by contact with a flame.
  • a panel with a thickness of 60 mm. and consisting of agglomerated wood chips containing borax mixed with the adhesive which has served for the agglomeration of the chips, which panel is exposed to the action of a large petrol-operated welding torch, is not penetrated by the flame after being exposed thereto for seven hours.
  • the proportion of borax powder to be added is from 0.3 to 3 kg., preferably 0.6 to 1.5 kg.
  • the proportion of asbestos powder which can be usefully added is from 0.3 to 3 kg. and preferably 1.5 to 3 kg.
  • the teaching of the invention namely, the incorporation into tubular or non-tubular panels of sodium borate, preferably accompanied by very fine asbestos powder, is applicable to the various materials which are used for forming panels and particularly to agglomerates of vegetable materials (chips of wood, flax, straw, etc.).
  • the in vention is also applicable to the various adhesives used in these panels, preferably adhesives of the urea-formaldehyde type, and to melamine-based adhesives, and for example to the adhesive sold commercially under the name Kaurit, although the invention is not limited to a particular type of agglomerated material or adhesive.
  • the teachings of the invention are applicable in general fashion to all construction elements comprising cavities which can be filled with a pulverulent mixture containing sodium borate to modify the fire-resistance qualities of the elements.
  • This sodium borate is mixed for example with sand, and/or with ground pumic stone and/or other known insulation product.
  • These mixtures can in particular be contained between two metallic walls, for making a fire-proof door for example, or in a casing for protecting a part surrounded by the casing for example a post or pole or a pipe, conduit or flue.
  • the double wall containing the mixture can be made of organic materials, for example Wood, plastics materials, etc.
  • a prefabricated panel having internal cavities filled with a pulverulent mixture comprising powdered borax, said borax being thoroughly dispersed within said mixture and the proportion of the borax in the mixture being less than about 60 grams of borax per litre of mixture, the remainder of the mixture being a powder agglutinatable by said borax upon heating thus preventing the flowing of the mixture outside the cavities when the panel is perforated up to said cavities under the action of flame, thereby improving the fire-resistance of the panel.
  • a pulverulent mixture comprising powdered borax, said borax being thoroughly dispersed within said mixture and the proportion of the borax in the mixture being less than about 60 grams of borax per litre of mixture, the remainder of the mixture being a powder agglutinatable by said borax upon heating thus preventing the flowing of the mixture outside the cavities when the panel is perforated up to said cavities under the action of flame, thereby improving the fire-resistance of the panel.
  • a prefabricated panel according to claim 7 wherein the agglomerated materials are of vegetable nature in chip form.
  • a prefabricated panel according to claim 8 wherein the agglomerated materials are selected from the group consisting essentially of wood, flax and straw.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
US600435A 1965-12-10 1966-12-09 Fire-proofing of elements provided with cavities containing a powdered infill material Expired - Lifetime US3560323A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR41728A FR1470329A (fr) 1965-12-10 1965-12-10 Panneau perfectionné
FR45459A FR1476639A (fr) 1966-01-11 1966-01-11 Perfectionnements aux panneaux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3560323A true US3560323A (en) 1971-02-02

Family

ID=26167708

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US600435A Expired - Lifetime US3560323A (en) 1965-12-10 1966-12-09 Fire-proofing of elements provided with cavities containing a powdered infill material

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3560323A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE690671A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH456095A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE1653343C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES334965A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI51288C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1157079A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL154258B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO124357B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4132577A (en) * 1975-07-01 1979-01-02 Erich Wintermantel Process for producing hollow profiled structures, and structures produced thereby
FR2413214A1 (fr) * 1978-01-03 1979-07-27 Arco Polymers Inc Structures resistant au feu et a la flamme ayant des proprietes ameliorees
RU2198149C2 (ru) * 2000-02-01 2003-02-10 Восточно-Сибирский институт МВД России Способ герметизации пустот
US6883590B1 (en) * 1998-11-23 2005-04-26 Plan Holding Gmbh Self-supporting, modular prefabricated radiating panel
CN103898999A (zh) * 2014-04-18 2014-07-02 张家港市盛港防火板业科技有限公司 耐冲击复合防火板材

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2731484C2 (de) * 1977-07-12 1983-01-05 Horst 8225 Traunreut Babinsky Squash-Spielfeld
GB2191516B (en) * 1986-06-10 1989-12-06 Stramit Ind Manufacture of building panels.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4132577A (en) * 1975-07-01 1979-01-02 Erich Wintermantel Process for producing hollow profiled structures, and structures produced thereby
FR2413214A1 (fr) * 1978-01-03 1979-07-27 Arco Polymers Inc Structures resistant au feu et a la flamme ayant des proprietes ameliorees
US6883590B1 (en) * 1998-11-23 2005-04-26 Plan Holding Gmbh Self-supporting, modular prefabricated radiating panel
RU2198149C2 (ru) * 2000-02-01 2003-02-10 Восточно-Сибирский институт МВД России Способ герметизации пустот
CN103898999A (zh) * 2014-04-18 2014-07-02 张家港市盛港防火板业科技有限公司 耐冲击复合防火板材
CN103898999B (zh) * 2014-04-18 2016-04-06 张家港市盛港防火板业科技有限公司 耐冲击复合防火板材

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1653343B2 (de) 1973-06-14
ES334965A1 (es) 1968-03-01
FI51288C (fi) 1976-12-10
DE1984774U (de) 1968-05-02
GB1157079A (en) 1969-07-02
FI51288B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-08-31
DE1653343A1 (de) 1970-10-29
NL154258B (nl) 1977-08-15
CH456095A (fr) 1968-05-15
NO124357B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-04-10
DE1653343C3 (de) 1974-01-03
NL6617316A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-06-12
BE690671A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-05-16

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