US3552888A - Arrangement in pumps - Google Patents

Arrangement in pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
US3552888A
US3552888A US782061A US3552888DA US3552888A US 3552888 A US3552888 A US 3552888A US 782061 A US782061 A US 782061A US 3552888D A US3552888D A US 3552888DA US 3552888 A US3552888 A US 3552888A
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United States
Prior art keywords
packing
pump
impeller
pressure
lip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US782061A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alf Anders Anselm Eriksson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Svenska Precisionsverktyg AB
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Svenska Precisionsverktyg AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/426—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/4286—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps inside lining, e.g. rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/106—Shaft sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps

Definitions

  • This invention refers to pumps, particularly of the centrifugal type and intended for conveying liquids containing solid particles.
  • An important field of application of the invention is in so-called drainage pumps having the purpose of pumping water which often is contaminated by sand, gravel, clay or similar materials.
  • the pump in accordance with the invention is of the general type having an impeller operating in a pump chamber, a shaft carrying said impeller, driving motor means connected to said shaft, and a packing-a main packingseparating the shaft bearings and the interior of the driving motor means from the pump chamber, in addition to which the rear side of the impeller is provided with a slot facing a stationary portion of the pump housing, such as a pump housing cover.
  • Said packing normally takes the form of a flat packing or a rubber cuff packing for providing a resilient pressure seal for the highest static liquid pressure occurring in the pump chamber.
  • a flat packing usually operates in an oil bath.
  • a negative pressure may be created in the above-mentioned slot at the rear side of the impeller so as to make the pressure lower at the outside of the main packing facing the pump than at its inside, so that correct lubrication of the packing will be assured.
  • the width of the slot increases, resulting in a decrease of the centrifugal force urging the liquid outwards, which centrifugal force determines the decrease in pressure. Therefore, in all of these cases detrimental particles penetrate to the main packing, whereupon the particles settle, and after a certain time the packing breaks down. This is particularly true of pumps starting and stopping automatically and having a great many operating changes per time unit.
  • the invention proposes to eliminate the disadvantages set forth above by providing an arrangement that can keep the surfaces of the main packing that rotate relative to each other free from detrimental particles for an eX- tended period. This is achieved substantially by a second packing-a secondary packing-made of elastic material and connected to the pump housing portion, and being adapted to separate the space outside of the first-mentioned packing from the slot in cooperation with a surface rotating with the shaft.
  • the secondary packing is preferably adapted to exert a pressure against said rotating surface, with said pressure varying with the variations in the slot or the pressure difference between said slot and said space.
  • the secondary packing which, as will be understood, lies closest to the water liquid containing the particles, is subjected to relatively fast wear and is therefore designed and positioned such that it may readily be replaced and may be manufactured at low cost.
  • the secondary packing may preferably be replaced without the main packing and the shaft, respectively, being disassembled. It is particularly advantageous to position the secondary packing and the surface cooperating therewith in those portions of the pump which under all circumstances have to be replaced at relatively short intervals as the result of their being subjected to abrasive wear by the flowing liquid that is contaminated with solid particles.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the lower portion of a drainage pump
  • FIG. 2 shows a portion of a pump housing cover in a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 3 shows part of this portion in a similar section but on an enlarged scale
  • FIGS. 4-6 and 810, inclusive show fragmentarily different embodiments of the secondary packing and the portions of the pump housing cover supporting said packing in the same section as FIGS. 1 and 2 and FIG. 7, finally, shows a portion of the packing of FIG. 6 viewed axially.
  • the designation 10 refers to a pump housing which at its lower portion, which may consist of an individual bottom section 12, which is provided with inlets 14 for the slimy water to be pumped.
  • a pump chamber 16 is provided with an impeller 18 having blades 20 of known type on the overhanging end of a shaft 22.
  • a diffusor bowl 24 defines the passage in which the blades 20 operate and forms, together with a pump housing cover generally deisgnated 26, a discharge channel 28, which proceeds as a riser channel 30.
  • the lower portion of the latter may be provided with a so-called wear ring 32.
  • the shaft 22 carries the rotor 34 of an electric motor and is mounted in bearings on both sides of the motor, with the lower bearing 36 being illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the designation 38 refers to the stator of the electric motor.
  • the bearing 36 is positioned in a partition 40 of the housing 10 and is retained against a shoulder in said partition by means of a cover 42.
  • the pump housing cover 26 is provided with a disc element 44 made of metal and fit into the housing 10 and its partition 40, respectively, and is affixed by means of screws 46.
  • the pump housing cover will thus define an oil chamber 48- wherein between the shaft 22 and the cover a main packing is positioned in the form of a fiat packing generally designated 50 and comprising a stationary packing ring 52 connected to the cover as well as a packing ring 54.
  • Ring 54 is composed of two elements and is made to provide a seal for the shaft 22 and is carried along in the rotation of the latter by means of a sheath 56 of elastic material such as rubber and a retainer 58 of more rigid material.
  • the rings 52 and 54, respectively, are provided with fiat sealing surfaces that may slide relatively to each other.
  • a spring 60 maintains the rotating packing ring 54 against the stationary packing ring 52.
  • the packing 50 and its various portions are known in the prior art and will therefore not be described in detail here.
  • the pump housing cover 26 is provided with a disc 62 of rubber or similar elastic material, which may be provided with a circular recess 64, in which the impeller 18 is introduced.
  • the disc 62 is strengthened or reinforced on its rear side, which faces upwards in FIG. 1, by means of a metal disc 66, to which it is cured or glued, respectively.
  • This disc 66 provides the disc 62 with the necessary mechanical rigidity with respect to any occurring bending strains, etc.
  • the disc 62 extends radially past and above the cover element 44 and is provided with an annular protrusion 68 (FIG. 3) which is adapted to snap into a mating groove at the outer edge of the element 44.
  • the protrusion 68 may be reinforced by means of a spring, for example a helical spring 70, which preferably is cured in the disc '62.
  • the disc 62 afiixed to the plate 66 is rigidly mounted to the cover element 44 by means of a number of screws 72 distributed along its circumference. These screws are positioned as close to the shaft 22 as possible. Due to the reinforcing plate 66 and the snap means 68, 70 the disc 62 is held firmly in position with repect to the cover element 44, in spite of the manner in which the screws 72 are mounted, said screws being permitted to be unprotected as the abrasive wear of the solid particles in the water is low at this small radius.
  • the water containing the particles is drawn in through the openings 14 of the housing to the pump chamber 16 and is raised by the impeller 18 through a discharge hose (not illustrated) connected to the channel 30.
  • a positive pressure varying with the height the water must be raised will thus be created on the pressure side of the pump chamber.
  • a slot or space 74 is formed and communicates with the pressure side of the pump chamber 16 and will therefore contain water having solid particles dispersed therein.
  • the rear side of the impeller In order to prevent this water from penetrating to the packing 50 it is known in the prior art to let the rear side of the impeller operate as a pump in miniature, so that a lower pressure than on the pressure side of the pump chamber will be produced in the space 76 radially inside of the slot.
  • the rear side of the impeller is often provided with ridges or the like forming extensions of pump blades but having insignificant height.
  • the disc 62 is formed with an annular sealing lip 78 at its central portion, with said lip comprising a sealing surface 80 that for instance may be fiat and that cooperates with a similar surface on the impeller 18.
  • Said lip is designed such that the surface 80 will extend slightly below the flat bottom side of the disc 62 when the lip in uncompressed condition as may be seen in FIG. 2. Due to an annular recess 82 in the disc 62 the radial extension of the lip 78 will decrease in the direction away from the surface 80.
  • the bracing disc 66 backs up the lip 78 by means of a backing ring 84 if desired.
  • the lip 78 may be made as a separate element of elastic material, such as rubber, which is connected to the disc 62 if desired.
  • the lip 78 is normally urged against the fiat surface of the impeller 18 under a predetermined force.
  • the degree of compression of the lip may be made high, so that there are good abrasion tolerances on the lip and on the impeller, respectively.
  • a negative pressure is produced in the space 76 adjacent the lip 78.
  • the lip will then be affected by a force tending to draw it away from the impeller 18 during operation.
  • the secondary packing disclosed above may be defined as a packing functioning hydrodynamically and making possible a pressure reduction in the space 86 but not a positive pressure therein. Furthermore, self-control is provided for balancing the pressure of the lip against the impeller 18.
  • the secondary packing will thereby prevent outer abrasive particles from penetrating into the chamber 86 and further on to the main packing 50, and in addition favorable pressure .conditions are insured on both sides of the main packing for providing an appropriate amount of lubricant supply to the packing surfaces.
  • the impeller 18 and the disc 62 are subjected to continuous abrasion as the result of contact with the solid particles in the form of slime or sludge .in the water. This is true even if the rubber material of whichdisc 62 is made has particularly great resistance in this respect. However, these elements may be removed insimple manner and replaced with new ones. Thus it is not necessary to disassemble the shaft 22 and the main packing 50, respectively.
  • the impeller 18 is affixed tothe shaft by readily removable means, generally designated 88, in a manner that is known in the prior art.
  • the diffusor bowl 24 and the wear ring 32being subjected to the solid particles in the water are also made of'a material, such as rubber, having high resistance against the abrasive effect of said particles. These components may also be replaced conveniently after the lower bottom section 12 has been removed.
  • the designation 90 refers to a conduit containing necessary components for the automatic functioning of the pump and being of no interest in this connection.
  • the secondary packing is provided with an annular flange 92 that appropriately may be slightly conical and that is composed of resilient material such as rubber and suitably is integral with the disc 62.
  • the rear side of flange 92 engages the rigid disc 66.
  • the packing only operates to continuously engage the impeller 18 with a predetermined initial pressure.
  • the lip 94 is free on its rear side as the result of the disc 66 having a greater bore diameter than in the preceding embodiment, and thus diaphragm operation is achieved.
  • the packing lip 94 has a wiping function with respect to solid particles wanting to penetrate the same. It may be given a high initial pressure against the impeller, and thus pressure may also be amplified by another resilient element, for instance an elastic washer lying behind the lip 94. It will then be possible to enclose a liquid, for example oil, in the space 86 in accordance with FIG. 1, even though the volume will be small in this case.
  • the lip 94 If the lip 94 is not provided with a high initial pressure it will open and admit the liquid that is to be pumped into the space 86 when a predetermined positive pressure exists in chamber 16. When the pressure returns to negative in the slot 74 again the liquid will remain in the interior space 86, and said negative pressure will effectively be prevented from being equalized outwardly over the secondary packing as the result of diaphragm action of lip 94 in combination with the positive pressure retained in the space 86. If the positive pressure does not have a detrimental level for the main packing 50 or if the latter can operate in water, repeated inwardly directed floods of the conveyed liquid and any resulting harmful production of sediments of solid particles adjacent the main packing are prevented in this embodiment.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the preceding one by the reinforcing disc 66 being provided with a number of slits 97 distributed along its circumference. If a harmful positive pressure should rise in the space 86 tending to generate a current of slimy or sludgy water through the sealing surfaces of the main packing 50 this pressure will be instantaneously relieved as soon as the pressure returns to its normal lower value in the space 76 by the portions of the rubber disc 62 situated opposite to the slits 97 being able to bend downwards so as to increase the volume of the space '86.
  • the secondary packing of FIG. 8 has a double lip as the result of it being provided with a central annular groove 96 on the inside.
  • One of the diaphragm lips 98 seals axially against the impeller 18 and the other one 100 seals axially against the shoulder 102 on the shaft 22 or against a readily replaceable sheath pressed onto the same.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment having an internal lip 104 approximately corresponding to the lip 94 in the embodiment of FIG. 5 and a lip 106 which is undercut such as the lip 78 of FIGS. 1-3.
  • the surface of the secondary packing facing the impeller 18 has been reinforced by means of a ring 108 of harder material, for example hard metal or ceramic material.
  • the invention is naturally not limited to the illustrated embodiments and it may be defined in a plurality of respects within the bounds of the scope of the idea upon which it is based.
  • a pump comprising a housing having an inlet for admitting liquid to a pump chamber formed in the housing adjacent one end thereof,
  • a second packing member secured to said housing be tween said first packing member and said impeller, and in axially spaced confronting relation to said impeller,
  • said impeller being operative upon being rotated to lower the pressure in the axial space between said second packing member and said impeller
  • said second packing member having a flexible portion surrounding said shaft and operative, when said impeller is motionless, resiliently and sealingly to engage the confronting surface of said impeller with a pressure which is at maximum when the pump is not operating, and which decreases during rotation of said impeller due ot the decrease in pressure in said axial space.
  • said second packing member has an axial bore surrounding ibut radially spaced from said shaft, and has in the side thereof which confronts said impeller an annular recess which communicates with said axial space, and forms a flexible, undercut, annular li-p which is responsive, during rotation of said impeller, to a predetermined reduced pressure in said axial space to be drawn radially outwardly to connect said axial space with the radial space between said shaft and the bore in said member.
  • said second packing member is removably secured to the face of said plate remote from said first packing member so that open removal of said impeller from said shaft, said second packing member may be removed without disturbing said cover plate and first packing member,
  • the outer, marginal portion of said second packing member is resiliently engaged by snap action in a cooperating recess formed around the outside of said cover plate.
  • a pump comprising a housing having an inlet for admitting liquid to a pump chamber formed in the housing adjacent one end thereof,
  • second packing means comprising a resilient member removably secured to the side of said cover remote from said first packing means and disposed in spaced, confronting relation to said impeller,
  • said member having a portion thereof sealingly engageable with a confronting surface on said impeller further to seal liquid in said chamber from said motor
  • said resilient member covering the entire side of said cover which faces said chamber, and being removable and replaceable, upon removal of said impeller, without necessitating removal of said cover.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
US782061A 1967-12-11 1968-12-09 Arrangement in pumps Expired - Lifetime US3552888A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE17017/67A SE333506B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1967-12-11 1967-12-11

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US3552888A true US3552888A (en) 1971-01-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US782061A Expired - Lifetime US3552888A (en) 1967-12-11 1968-12-09 Arrangement in pumps

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US (1) US3552888A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS4947321B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1813676C3 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR1597793A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1251686A (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE333506B (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3972643A (en) * 1974-04-09 1976-08-03 Itt Industries, Inc. Rotary pump
US4523899A (en) * 1982-12-15 1985-06-18 Ebara Corporation Submergible motor pump assembly
US4955793A (en) * 1988-08-17 1990-09-11 Nowax S.R.L. Turbopump and similar operating machine with sealing connection structure to the motor
US20050158195A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-21 Polaris Pool Systems, Inc. Motor-driven pump for pool or spa
US20080019856A1 (en) * 2006-07-21 2008-01-24 Jtekt Corporation Electric pump
US20090100701A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Wyssmont Co. Inc. System for sealing an apparatus
US20100296921A1 (en) * 2008-11-26 2010-11-25 Cottrell Matthew A Socket with Bearing Bore and Integrated Wear Plate
US8322056B2 (en) 2009-03-27 2012-12-04 Terra Green Energy, Llc System and method for preparation of solid biomass by torrefaction
CN102840125A (zh) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-26 祁成 汽车冷却水泵的水封
US20130115071A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-09 James Miller Pump with Hydraulic Isolator
US10260505B2 (en) 2013-06-14 2019-04-16 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Pump

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE405279C (sv) * 1977-04-29 1985-12-09 Flygt Ab Oljehus anordnat mellan pumpenhet och drivenhet i ett drenkbart pumpaggregat
DE10239998A1 (de) * 2002-08-27 2004-03-04 Gardena Manufacturing Gmbh Pumpenanordnung
JP5178144B2 (ja) * 2007-10-25 2013-04-10 新明和工業株式会社 水中ポンプ
DE102015102808A1 (de) * 2014-03-12 2015-09-17 Hanning Elektro-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Pumpenanordnung
JP2018182161A (ja) 2017-04-18 2018-11-15 Tdk株式会社 磁石、磁石構造体、及び、回転角度検出器

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3972643A (en) * 1974-04-09 1976-08-03 Itt Industries, Inc. Rotary pump
US4523899A (en) * 1982-12-15 1985-06-18 Ebara Corporation Submergible motor pump assembly
US4955793A (en) * 1988-08-17 1990-09-11 Nowax S.R.L. Turbopump and similar operating machine with sealing connection structure to the motor
US20050158195A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-21 Polaris Pool Systems, Inc. Motor-driven pump for pool or spa
US7001159B2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2006-02-21 Polaris Pool Systems, Inc. Motor-driven pump for pool or spa
US20060177325A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2006-08-10 Peterson David J Jr Motor-driven pump for pool or spa
US20090100589A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2009-04-23 Peterson Jr David J Motor-driven pump for pool or spa
US7695254B2 (en) * 2006-07-21 2010-04-13 Jtekt Corporation Electric pump with coupled pressed members
US20080019856A1 (en) * 2006-07-21 2008-01-24 Jtekt Corporation Electric pump
US20090100701A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Wyssmont Co. Inc. System for sealing an apparatus
US20100296921A1 (en) * 2008-11-26 2010-11-25 Cottrell Matthew A Socket with Bearing Bore and Integrated Wear Plate
US8454307B2 (en) * 2008-11-26 2013-06-04 Sta-Rite Industries, Llc Socket with bearing bore and integrated wear plate
US8322056B2 (en) 2009-03-27 2012-12-04 Terra Green Energy, Llc System and method for preparation of solid biomass by torrefaction
CN102840125A (zh) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-26 祁成 汽车冷却水泵的水封
US20130115071A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-09 James Miller Pump with Hydraulic Isolator
US8998576B2 (en) * 2011-11-03 2015-04-07 Pentair Water Pool And Spa, Inc. Pump with hydraulic isolator
US10260505B2 (en) 2013-06-14 2019-04-16 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE333506B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-03-15
DE1813676C3 (de) 1979-08-09
DE1813676A1 (de) 1969-07-03
GB1251686A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-10-27
JPS4947321B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-12-14
FR1597793A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-06-29
DE1813676B2 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1978-12-07

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