US3546030A - Permanent magnets built up of m5r - Google Patents

Permanent magnets built up of m5r Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3546030A
US3546030A US644101A US3546030DA US3546030A US 3546030 A US3546030 A US 3546030A US 644101 A US644101 A US 644101A US 3546030D A US3546030D A US 3546030DA US 3546030 A US3546030 A US 3546030A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
compounds
elements
combination
permanent magnets
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US644101A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Heinz Jurgen Buschow
Wilhelmus Antonius Johan Velge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3546030A publication Critical patent/US3546030A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0557—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper

Definitions

  • the component of these particles which is essential to these properties is M R, Where M is either Co or a combination of Co with one or more of the elements Fe, Cu, Ni and where R is either La, Th, or a combination of Th with one or more of the elements of the rare earths, or a combination of at least three elements of the rare earths.
  • the present invention is based upon the discovery that in compounds Co R having a similar structure to that of Co Y, the said combination of magnetic properties which causes the compound to be a good raw material for the manufacture of permanent magnets (high uniaxial aniso tropy combined with high saturation magnetization) is obtainable if two conditions are fulfilled With regard to the electron structure of the relevant compound.
  • the first condition is generally fulfilled by choosing for R those elements which can form with Co compounds of the relevant structure and which occur as trivalent ions in these compounds. Furthermore Th, Ce and Yb, as well as certain combinations of elements, appear to satisfy the first condition.
  • the second condition is fulfilled by choosing for R those elements or combinations of elements the total magnetic moments of which are directed in parallel with those of the Co-ions or which do not contribute to the magnetic moment.
  • M instead of the above-mentioned Co, a combination of Co with one or more of the elements Fe, Ni, Cu.
  • the compounds in which M is such a combination generally have a lower sensitivity to deformation of the coercive force and the saturation magnetization.
  • Fe, or Ni, Co or a combination can be substituted for M while retaining favorable magnetic properties depends upon R and the substituents which have been chosen. Thus it has been found, for example, that if R is La and M is a combination of Co and Fe, no more than 5 at. precent of Fe may be present, Whereas the maximum content of Fe may be at. percent if R is Th. If the Fe-content exceeds the specified percentages, the examples given no longer have the hexagonal structure required, resulting in an abrupt decline in magnetic properties. However, in other examples, the magnetic properties may decline gradually, starting from a certain atomic percentage of the substituent.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a permanent magnet as above described.
  • a body is first manufactured by melting the component elements to form the compound of R and subsequently cooling the mass.
  • the body is homogenized by annealing in an atmosphere which protects against oxidizing influences, at a temperature which lies as nearly as possible, i.e., immediately, below the melting point.
  • the body is subsequently cooled to room temperature and pulverized.
  • the powder possibly after annealing, then is formed into a magnetic body by molding, possibly in a magnetic field.
  • the homogenization is followed by cooling to room temperature. This cooling may take place at a low rate if no undesired phases occur during this process. If, however, this should be the case, then in one form of the method according to the invention the body should be quenched to room temperature after homogenization.
  • the quenching process affords the additional advantage that the body becomes more brittle and this is advantageous with a view to the subsequent pulverization.
  • the maximum energy product (BH) has been measured on a permanent magnet made from CO La Ce Sm and is 5x10 GausS-OerSted.
  • a permanent magnet constituted of fine particles, and having magnetic properties, said particles having as a component which is essential to these properties the compound M R, having a hexagonal crystal structure where M is selected from the group consisting of Co and a combination of Co with at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Cu, Ni and where R is selected from the group consisting of La, Th a combination of about 50% La, about 25% Ce and about 25% Sin, and a combination of Th with up to two of the rare earth elements.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
US644101A 1966-06-16 1967-06-07 Permanent magnets built up of m5r Expired - Lifetime US3546030A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6608335A NL6608335A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-06-16 1966-06-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3546030A true US3546030A (en) 1970-12-08

Family

ID=19796894

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US644101A Expired - Lifetime US3546030A (en) 1966-06-16 1967-06-07 Permanent magnets built up of m5r

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3546030A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT286657B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE700002A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH499857A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1558550B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK117970B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES341762A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1187853A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6608335A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO122852B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE332866B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2003749A1 (de) * 1969-01-24 1970-07-30 Philips Nv Hydride mit der Formel ABnHm
US3652343A (en) * 1970-09-14 1972-03-28 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3655464A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-11 Gen Electric Process of preparing a liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3655463A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic process using solid sintering additive
US3664892A (en) * 1968-01-31 1972-05-23 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3755007A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-08-28 Gen Electric Stabilized permanent magnet comprising a sintered and quenched body of compacted cobalt-rare earth particles
US3790414A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd As-CAST, RARE-EARTH-Co-Cu PERMANENT MAGNET MATERIAL
US3839102A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-10-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Permanent magnet
US3844850A (en) * 1972-04-17 1974-10-29 Gen Electric Large grain cobalt-samarium intermetallic permanent magnet material and process
US3856579A (en) * 1972-12-04 1974-12-24 Battelle Development Corp Sputtered magnetic materials comprising rare-earth metals and method of preparation
US3905840A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3905839A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3919004A (en) * 1970-04-30 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3919003A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3947295A (en) * 1973-02-09 1976-03-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hard magnetic material
US3956031A (en) * 1969-12-24 1976-05-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Magnetic materials and the formation thereof
US3997371A (en) * 1973-11-12 1976-12-14 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Permanent magnet
US4002508A (en) * 1974-08-27 1977-01-11 Aimants Ugimag S.A. Composition for permanent magnets of the family "rare earths-transition metals" and process for producing such a magnet
US4003767A (en) * 1971-12-27 1977-01-18 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Procedure for the production of permanent magnetic sinter bodies using a ternary cobalt-lanthanoid compound
US4075042A (en) * 1973-11-16 1978-02-21 Raytheon Company Samarium-cobalt magnet with grain growth inhibited SmCo5 crystals
US4210471A (en) * 1976-02-10 1980-07-01 Tdk Electronics, Co., Ltd. Permanent magnet material and process for producing the same
US4213803A (en) * 1976-08-31 1980-07-22 Tdk Electronics Company Limited R2 Co17 Rare type-earth-cobalt, permanent magnet material and process for producing the same
US4370295A (en) * 1978-03-21 1983-01-25 Fdx Associates, L.P. Fusion-fission power generating device having fissile-fertile material within the region of the toroidal field coils generating means
US4370296A (en) * 1978-03-21 1983-01-25 Fdx Associates, L.P. Toroidal fusion reactor having ohmic heating coil substantially adjacent toroidal fusion region
US4382061A (en) * 1980-10-25 1983-05-03 Th. Goldschmidt Ag Alloy preparation for permanent magnets
US4536233A (en) * 1980-12-16 1985-08-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha Columnar crystal permanent magnet and method of preparation
US4710242A (en) * 1980-08-11 1987-12-01 Fujitsu Limited Material for temperature sensitive elements
US5382303A (en) * 1992-04-13 1995-01-17 Sps Technologies, Inc. Permanent magnets and methods for their fabrication

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3625779A (en) * 1969-08-21 1971-12-07 Gen Electric Reduction-fusion process for the production of rare earth intermetallic compounds
JPS52115000A (en) * 1976-03-22 1977-09-27 Tdk Corp Material of permanent magnet

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2813789A (en) * 1952-04-08 1957-11-19 Glaser Louis Permanent magnet alloys
US3102002A (en) * 1960-03-25 1963-08-27 Univ Pittsburgh Ferromagnetic materials prepared from lanthanons and transition metals
US3326637A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-06-20 Ibm Ferromagnetic intermetallic compounds and method of preparation
US3342591A (en) * 1964-08-31 1967-09-19 Ibm Ferromagnetic compounds and method of preparation
US3421889A (en) * 1966-01-13 1969-01-14 Us Air Force Magnetic rare earth-cobalt alloys
US3424578A (en) * 1967-06-05 1969-01-28 Us Air Force Method of producing permanent magnets of rare earth metals containing co,or mixtures of co,fe and mn

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2813789A (en) * 1952-04-08 1957-11-19 Glaser Louis Permanent magnet alloys
US3102002A (en) * 1960-03-25 1963-08-27 Univ Pittsburgh Ferromagnetic materials prepared from lanthanons and transition metals
US3326637A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-06-20 Ibm Ferromagnetic intermetallic compounds and method of preparation
US3342591A (en) * 1964-08-31 1967-09-19 Ibm Ferromagnetic compounds and method of preparation
US3421889A (en) * 1966-01-13 1969-01-14 Us Air Force Magnetic rare earth-cobalt alloys
US3424578A (en) * 1967-06-05 1969-01-28 Us Air Force Method of producing permanent magnets of rare earth metals containing co,or mixtures of co,fe and mn

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3790414A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd As-CAST, RARE-EARTH-Co-Cu PERMANENT MAGNET MATERIAL
US3839102A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-10-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Permanent magnet
US3664892A (en) * 1968-01-31 1972-05-23 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US4378331A (en) * 1969-01-24 1983-03-29 U.S. Philips Corporation Hydrides of the formula AD N HM
DE2003749A1 (de) * 1969-01-24 1970-07-30 Philips Nv Hydride mit der Formel ABnHm
US3956031A (en) * 1969-12-24 1976-05-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Magnetic materials and the formation thereof
US3919004A (en) * 1970-04-30 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3655464A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-11 Gen Electric Process of preparing a liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3655463A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic process using solid sintering additive
US3652343A (en) * 1970-09-14 1972-03-28 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3755007A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-08-28 Gen Electric Stabilized permanent magnet comprising a sintered and quenched body of compacted cobalt-rare earth particles
US3919003A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3905839A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US4003767A (en) * 1971-12-27 1977-01-18 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Procedure for the production of permanent magnetic sinter bodies using a ternary cobalt-lanthanoid compound
US3844850A (en) * 1972-04-17 1974-10-29 Gen Electric Large grain cobalt-samarium intermetallic permanent magnet material and process
US3919002A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3905840A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3856579A (en) * 1972-12-04 1974-12-24 Battelle Development Corp Sputtered magnetic materials comprising rare-earth metals and method of preparation
US3947295A (en) * 1973-02-09 1976-03-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hard magnetic material
US3997371A (en) * 1973-11-12 1976-12-14 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Permanent magnet
US4075042A (en) * 1973-11-16 1978-02-21 Raytheon Company Samarium-cobalt magnet with grain growth inhibited SmCo5 crystals
US4002508A (en) * 1974-08-27 1977-01-11 Aimants Ugimag S.A. Composition for permanent magnets of the family "rare earths-transition metals" and process for producing such a magnet
US4210471A (en) * 1976-02-10 1980-07-01 Tdk Electronics, Co., Ltd. Permanent magnet material and process for producing the same
US4213803A (en) * 1976-08-31 1980-07-22 Tdk Electronics Company Limited R2 Co17 Rare type-earth-cobalt, permanent magnet material and process for producing the same
US4370295A (en) * 1978-03-21 1983-01-25 Fdx Associates, L.P. Fusion-fission power generating device having fissile-fertile material within the region of the toroidal field coils generating means
US4370296A (en) * 1978-03-21 1983-01-25 Fdx Associates, L.P. Toroidal fusion reactor having ohmic heating coil substantially adjacent toroidal fusion region
US4710242A (en) * 1980-08-11 1987-12-01 Fujitsu Limited Material for temperature sensitive elements
US4382061A (en) * 1980-10-25 1983-05-03 Th. Goldschmidt Ag Alloy preparation for permanent magnets
US4536233A (en) * 1980-12-16 1985-08-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha Columnar crystal permanent magnet and method of preparation
US5382303A (en) * 1992-04-13 1995-01-17 Sps Technologies, Inc. Permanent magnets and methods for their fabrication
US5781843A (en) * 1992-04-13 1998-07-14 The Arnold Engineering Company Permanent magnets and methods for their fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK117970B (da) 1970-06-22
CH499857A (de) 1970-11-30
NO122852B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-23
GB1187853A (en) 1970-04-15
DE1558550A1 (de) 1970-04-09
BE700002A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-12-15
AT286657B (de) 1970-12-28
ES341762A1 (es) 1968-10-16
NL6608335A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-12-18
SE332866B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-02-22
DE1558550B2 (de) 1977-06-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3546030A (en) Permanent magnets built up of m5r
US3560200A (en) Permanent magnetic materials
US3684593A (en) Heat-aged sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product and process
US4081297A (en) RE-Co-Fe-transition metal permanent magnet and method of making it
JPS6134242B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JPS61222102A (ja) 希土類鉄系永久磁石
JPH0510806B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US4135953A (en) Permanent magnet and method of making it
JPS5964733A (ja) 永久磁石
JPH06942B2 (ja) 希土類永久磁石
US3523836A (en) Permanent magnet constituted of fine particles of a compound m5r
JP2000114017A (ja) 永久磁石材料および永久磁石
US4211585A (en) Samarium-cobalt-copper-iron-titanium permanent magnets
KR100204256B1 (ko) 자기적 이방성 및 내식성이 우수한 희토류-에프이-비 계영구자석분말 및 접합자석
JPH01219143A (ja) 焼結永久磁石材料とその製造方法
US3873379A (en) Method of producing rare earth-cobalt permanent magnet using special cooling rates
CA1318835C (en) Permanent magnet for accelerating corpuscular beam
US4382061A (en) Alloy preparation for permanent magnets
JPS6063901A (ja) 耐酸化性のすぐれた永久磁石
JP3303044B2 (ja) 永久磁石とその製造方法
US4721538A (en) Permanent magnet alloy
JPS609104A (ja) 永久磁石材料
JPS63241141A (ja) 強磁性合金
JPS61147503A (ja) 希土類磁石
JPS6365742B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)