US3534995A - Device for damping the oscillatory motion of the hoisting ropes of a crane - Google Patents

Device for damping the oscillatory motion of the hoisting ropes of a crane Download PDF

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Publication number
US3534995A
US3534995A US718430A US3534995DA US3534995A US 3534995 A US3534995 A US 3534995A US 718430 A US718430 A US 718430A US 3534995D A US3534995D A US 3534995DA US 3534995 A US3534995 A US 3534995A
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Prior art keywords
pendulum
gripping element
crane
oscillatory motion
cylinder
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Expired - Lifetime
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US718430A
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English (en)
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Urho Johannes
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads

Definitions

  • a device for damping the oscillatory motion of the hoisting ropes of a crane by which a gripping element engaging the load to be hoisted has been suspended.
  • the gripping element is designed to act as a pendulum, by dividing it vertically into two or more parts which are joined together by links or pivots and the parts are furthermore interconnected by one or more cylinders damping the relative oscillatory motion of the parts.
  • a difficult problem in crane operation is how to check the oscillatory motion of the hoisting ropes. It is necessary for the gripping element to be lowered without oscillation upon the load which it is to engage. On the other hand, the gripping element and the load carried by it have to be deposited on a base of some kind without oscillations.
  • One way in which the oscillatory motion may be damped is that the hoisting ropes are not carried downward from the crane in a vertical direction but that they enclose an angle with each other instead. The damping achieved is greater, the larger angle. But the angle cannot be large when the hoisting height is great. Considerable hoisting heights are necessary e.g. in harborside cranes, where the ropes reaching from the point of the jib deep down into the ships hold may be several tens of metres in length.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a device by means of which the oscillatory motion is made to subside in a very short period of time.
  • the invention is characterized in that the gripping device is designed so as to act as a pendulum, by dividing it vertically into two or several parts which are joined together with links or pivots, and in addition the parts are interconnected by means of one or more cylinders damping the oscillatory motion of the parts relative to each other.
  • the cylinder in the gripping element continuously dissipates vibratory energy as such energy is imparted to the pendulum formed by the gripping element by the pendulum which consists of the ropes. Even under most adverse conditions the oscillatory motion of the ropes will thus be checked within some tens of seconds.
  • the invention is in fact based on the phenomenon well-known from childrens swings, namely, that it is possible to stop the swing rapidly by exerting pressure on the ropes with the hands in the direction of the momentary movement.
  • FIG. 1 shows the gripping element in side elevational view
  • FIG. 2 shows the gripping element, in end elevation v1ew.
  • the gripping element in the drawing is intended to be suspended by ropes attached to the loops 1 from a harborside crane.
  • the gripping element is employed to hoist containers.
  • FIG. 1 the ends of the long body 2 engaging the container have not been shown.
  • the gripping element has been designed to act as a pendulum in the plane of FIG. 1 by dividing it vertically into two parts 9, 10 which are joined together with pivoted arms.
  • the upper and lower parts are moreover interconnected by means of a cylinder 4.
  • the cylinder 4 is mounted on the lower part 10 and its piston rod 5 is fixed to the upper part 9.
  • the piston inside the cylinder 4 has a throttling orifice through which the medium in the cylinder can pass from one side of the piston to the other.
  • the pendulum formed by the hoisting ropes together with the gripping element begins to oscillate, as indicated by arrows 7. But at the same time the pendulum formed by the gripping element itself tends to oscillate about the pivot point 8.
  • the last-mentioned pendulum has a length only a fraction of that of the pendulum constituted by the hoisting ropes. Accordingly, its period of oscillation is also considerably shorter.
  • the pendulum formed by the hoisting ropes continuously gives off oscillatory energy to the pendulum formed by the gripping element.
  • the efiiciency of the device shown in FIG. 1 is further increased if the cylinder 4 is made double-acting, that is, if the crane operator may supply actuating medium alternatively to either side of the piston. He may in that case actively contribute to the checking of the ropes oscillatory motion. There is, of course, no orifice in the piston in such instances. If the oscillatory motion of the hoisting ropes is, for instance, to the right in FIG. 1, the crane operator will supply medium to the left side of the piston, which causes the linkage arms 3 to be rotated in a clockwise direction by a certain amount. After the oscillatory motion of the hoisting ropes has reversed itself, the operator will start to supply medium to the opposite side of the piston. The crane operator has ample time for these manipulations, because the long pendulum has a long period of oscillation.
  • the invention was tried out in conditions consistent with actual practice.
  • the pendulum was caused to oscillate with an amplitude of its lower end of :2 metres. If nothing was undertaken and the pendulum was allowed to free oscilate, a time of 30 minutes was necessary for the oscillation of the lower end to diminish to the acceptable amplitude of :02 metres.
  • the cylinder 4 with a restricting orifice in its piston, was
  • the gripping element shown in the drawing furthermore incorporates a device which damps the oscillatory motions in the plane perpendicular to that considered above.
  • the gripping element has been designed to act as a pendulum by dividing it vertically into two parts joined together with a pivot 11.
  • a cylinder 12 is mounted in the gripping element and connected in parallel with the pivot 11, this cylinder being mounted on a lug 13 of the lower part and its piston rod 14 being fixed to a lug 15 on the upper part.
  • the lug 13 is elongated in the downward direction.
  • the piston of cylinder 12 may have a restricting orifice for passage of the medium from one side of the piston to the other, or the cylinder may also be double-acting so that it may be operated by the crane operator.
  • the principle of action of the device shown in FIG. 2 is completely identical to that described in connection with FIG. 1.
  • a device according to claim 1 wherein said cylinder has a restricting orifice for passage of hydraulic medium from one side of the piston to the opposite side.
  • said gripping element includes means forming a second pendulum pivotable about an axis perpendicular to the first pendulum.
  • a device according to claim 4 wherein said means forming the second pendulum comprises two divided elements constituting one of said parts, further links connecting said divided elements and a further hydraulic cylinder connecting said divided elements.
  • a device according to claim 5 wherein said cylinders extend perpendicular to one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
US718430A 1968-02-14 1968-04-03 Device for damping the oscillatory motion of the hoisting ropes of a crane Expired - Lifetime US3534995A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI0381/68A FI43465B (it) 1968-02-14 1968-02-14

Publications (1)

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US3534995A true US3534995A (en) 1970-10-20

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US718430A Expired - Lifetime US3534995A (en) 1968-02-14 1968-04-03 Device for damping the oscillatory motion of the hoisting ropes of a crane

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US (1) US3534995A (it)
DE (1) DE1756137C3 (it)
FI (1) FI43465B (it)
SE (1) SE347727B (it)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3672306A (en) * 1970-11-10 1972-06-27 Webb Co Jervis B Conveyor carrier with pivotal motion damping load suspension
US4379675A (en) * 1980-12-04 1983-04-12 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Dampened fully pivotal hanger for a grapple
US4519741A (en) * 1982-01-04 1985-05-28 Ormig S.P.A. Mobile yard crane for handling containers
US7150366B1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2006-12-19 Mi-Jack Products, Inc. Hanger chain anti-sway device for gantry crane

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115258912B (zh) * 2022-07-22 2025-05-23 张家口泽邦机电设备有限公司 Kbk柔性组合式轻型起重机

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3086661A (en) * 1961-10-26 1963-04-23 Pacific Coast Eng Co Cargo container carrier and lifting spreader therefor
US3254775A (en) * 1963-05-16 1966-06-07 Lake Shore Inc Anti-swing damping means for cranes

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3086661A (en) * 1961-10-26 1963-04-23 Pacific Coast Eng Co Cargo container carrier and lifting spreader therefor
US3254775A (en) * 1963-05-16 1966-06-07 Lake Shore Inc Anti-swing damping means for cranes

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3672306A (en) * 1970-11-10 1972-06-27 Webb Co Jervis B Conveyor carrier with pivotal motion damping load suspension
US4379675A (en) * 1980-12-04 1983-04-12 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Dampened fully pivotal hanger for a grapple
US4519741A (en) * 1982-01-04 1985-05-28 Ormig S.P.A. Mobile yard crane for handling containers
US7150366B1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2006-12-19 Mi-Jack Products, Inc. Hanger chain anti-sway device for gantry crane

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1756137A1 (de) 1970-03-12
FI43465B (it) 1970-12-31
SE347727B (it) 1972-08-14
DE1756137C3 (de) 1979-01-04
DE1756137B2 (de) 1978-05-03

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