US3532497A - Nuclei for use in solvent transfer systems - Google Patents

Nuclei for use in solvent transfer systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3532497A
US3532497A US300088A US3532497DA US3532497A US 3532497 A US3532497 A US 3532497A US 300088 A US300088 A US 300088A US 3532497D A US3532497D A US 3532497DA US 3532497 A US3532497 A US 3532497A
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Prior art keywords
nuclei
silver
salt
sulfide
metal
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US300088A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles A Goffe
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03CPHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/24Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-receiving section
    • G03C8/26Image-receiving layers
    • G03C8/28Image-receiving layers containing development nuclei or compounds forming such nuclei

Definitions

  • This invention concerns nuclei and the preparation of nuclei for use in photographic solvent transfer systems.
  • the solvent transfer or diffusion transfer system as described in Rott US. Pat. 2,352,014 is a photographic process in which an exposed silver halide emulsion is developed in the presence of a silver halide solvent and contacted against a receiving support having thereon silver precipitating nuclei.
  • the soluble silver halide diffuses imagewise from the undeveloped areas of the silver halide emulsion to the nuclei where silver is precipitated to form a positive image.
  • Metal sulfide or selenide nuclei have been found to be particularly suitable for use in the diffusion transfer process when prepared in very fine particle size. However, it has been customary for these nuclei to be prepared fresh prior to coating, since they have often had poor stability on standing. For instance, when a dispersion of the nuclei was permitted to stand, the dispersion would appear to lose density, possibly due to a bleaching effect, so that the nuclei would no longer be of practical use.
  • nuclei obtained by mixing a metal (other than silver) sulfide or selenide with a silver salt possess improved photographic qualities over nuclei previously known in the art when used in the diffusion transfer system.
  • One object of this invention is to provide improved nuclei for use in the diffusion transfer system. Another object is to provide nuclei which result in higher maximum density, more neutral tones, improved tonal reproduction, and longer stability over previously known nuclei. A further object is to provide a process of making nuclei for use in the diffusion transfer system. An additional object is to provide nuclei by blending a metal sulfide or selenide and a silver salt to provide a synergistic effect.
  • the above objects are attained by blending a metal sulfide or selenide (with the exception of these containing a silver cation) and a silver salt in a molar ratio of silver salt to metal sulfide or selenide of about 1:20 to 5:1, with particularly good results being obtained between about 1:10 and 1:1.
  • the nuclei have an average particle size of from about 7 A. to 2,500 A.
  • nickel sulfide nuclei When nickel sulfide nuclei are to be precipitated, a particularly suitable method is to prepare a dilute gelatin solution or similar colloid solution in which one of the 3,532,497 Patented Oct. 6, 1970 reactants is then dissolved, such as sodium sulfide. A solution of nickelous nitrate is then dumped into the mixture and activated rapidly to provide a rapid reaction between the two reactants and to prepare finely-divided nuclei. Silver iodide can then be precipitated in a similar manner by mixing aqueous potassium iodide and silver nitrate solution. The silver iodide can then be mixed with the nickelous sulfide.
  • metal sulfides or selenides which can be used are those of nickel, copper, iron, cobalt and the metals of groups II-B and IV-B of the Periodic Table, e.g., cadmium, zinc, cobalt, lead, and the like.
  • the silver salts which can be used include silver iodide, silver bromide, silver chloride, silver nitrate, p-toluenesulfonic acid silver salt, etc., provided the silver salt is more soluble in an aqueous hydrophilic colloid emulsion than the metal sulfide or selenide. Both the silver salt and the metal sulfide or selenide will, of course, be more water-soluble than silver sulfide or silver selenide.
  • Nickel sulfide nuclei are produced by adding 19 ccs. of 1.0 N sodium sulfide to a precipitation vessel containing 50 grams of 10 percent gelatin solution and 1435 ccs. of water at a pH of about 5.7 and a temperature of about 104 F. About 5 seconds after the addition of the sodium sulfide solution, a solution containing 20.8 ccs. of 1.0 N nickelous nitrate and 535 ccs. of water is dumped into the reaction mixture over a period of 10 seconds with rapid mechanical agitation. At the end of the addition, the nuclei are stirred for 30 seconds at 104 F. Four hundred fifty grams of a 10 percent gelatin solution are then added and the nuclei stirred at 104 F. for an additional 15 minutes.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Silver iodide nuclei are prepared as in Example 1 by substituting potassium iodide for sodium sulfide and substituting silver nitrate for nickelous nitrate.
  • a receiving sheet is prepared as follows:
  • a dispersion is prepared with 500 grams of the nickel sulfide nuclei dispersion of Example 1, 100 grams of the silver iodide nuclei dispersion of Example 2, 380 grams of a 10 percent gelatin solution and 1783 ccs. distilled water. To this dispersion, while stirring at 104 F., are added 30 ccs. as a 1 percent solution in methanol of 1- methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazine-4-thiol, 60 ccs. as a 1 percent solution in methanol of 3-mercapto-1,2,4- triazole, and 44 ccs.
  • a silver bromoiodide emulsion is coated on a white pigmented cellulose acetate support at a coverage to yield 59.3 mg. silver and 550 mg. gelatin per square foot.
  • a gelatin overcoat is applied over this layer at a coverage to yield 146 mg. gelatin per square foot.
  • This negative element is exposed to light of daylight quality in an intensity scale sensitometer containing an 0.6 neutral density filter for 0.1 second. After exposure, the negative is soaked for 6 seconds in the following developer solution.
  • the negative is then immediately brought in contact with the receiver sheet of Example 3. After 2 minutes, the negative element is separated from the receiver sheet to yield a high quality continuous tone black-and-whit'e print on the receiver sheet.
  • EXAMPLE 5 Dispersions were prepared with nuclei as described in Example 3 as shown in the following table, except that for the control nuclei wherein only the metal sulfide was used without the addition of the silver halide, 500 ccs. of the dispersion prepared as described in Example 1 was used. Nuclei which had been prepared according to Examples 1 and 2, were tested for stability: fresh, after one week incubation, and after four weeks incubation. At the end of these incubation periods, the coating mixtures were prepared as in Example 3 and were tested for photographic properties by coating on a receiving support as described in Example 3 and processed as in Example 4. The resulting densities are shown in the following table.
  • nuclei in a photographic diffusion transfer process.
  • the improved nuclei of this invention can be used in the conventional binders and substrates and in any of the known embodiments of the diffusion transfer process and may be used with the photographic silver halide emulsions known in the art. These nuclei may also be used in layers in conjunction with other components such as those disclosed in the art.
  • noble metals may be used in place of silver such as gold, platinum, etc.
  • a mixture may be used of the metal nuclei blended with at least one noble metal salt.
  • Silver precipitation nuclei useful in the silver salt diffusion transfer process obtained by admixing in the absence of a silver halide complexing agent 4 (a) at least one salt selected from the class consisting of sulfides and selenides of a metal other than silver, selected from the class consisting of nickel, copper, iron, cobalt and the metals of Groups II-B and IV-B of the Periodic Table with (b) at least one silver salt which is more water soluble than the said metal selenide or metal sulfide.
  • a silver halide complexing agent 4 (a) at least one salt selected from the class consisting of sulfides and selenides of a metal other than silver, selected from the class consisting of nickel, copper, iron, cobalt and the metals of Groups II-B and IV-B of the Periodic Table with (b) at least one silver salt which is more water soluble than the said metal selenide or metal sulfide.
  • nuclei of claim 1 wherein the said silver salt and the said metal salt are admixed in an aqueous medium containing a water permeable, hydrophilic colloid.
  • a receiving sheet for use in the diffusion transfer photographic process comprising a support having thereon a layer containing the nuclei of claim 1.
  • a receiving sheet for use in the diffusion transfer process comprising a paper support having coated thereon a layer containing a water permeable, hydrophilic colloid and nuclei of claim 1.
  • Silver precipitation nuclei useful in the silver salt diffusion transfer process obtained by admixing (a) at least one salt selected from the class consisting of sulfides and selenides of a metal other than silver, selected from the class consisting of nickel, copper, iron, cobalt and the metals of Groups II-B and IV-B of the Periodic Table with (b) at least one silver salt selected from the class consisting of silver iodide, silver bromide, silver chloride and silver nitrate.
  • Nuclei of claim 14 which have an average particle size of 7 A. to 2500A.
  • a receiving sheet for use in the diffusion transfer photographic process comprising a support having thereon a layer containing the nuclei of claim 14.
  • a receiving sheet for use in the diffusion transfer process comprising a paper support having coated thereon a layer containing a water permeable, hydrophilic colloid and nuclei of claim 14.
  • a method of making positive photographic images comprising developing an exposed photographic silver halide element with a photographic silver halide developing solution, dissolving unexposed silver halide in a silver halide solvent, diffusing imagewise the unexposed silver halide from said photographic element in contiguity with silver precipitation nuclei to a receiving surface placed in close contiguity to said silver halide element, the step of employing a receiving sheet having thereon silver precipitation nuclei obtained by admixing, in the absence of a silver halide complexing agent.
  • nuclei are present in a layer coated on the surface of said receiving sheet, said layer comprising in addition to said nuclei, a Water permeable, hydrophilic colloid.
  • a process of claim 26 in which the molar ratio of said silver salt to said metal salt is within the range of about 1:20 and 5:1.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
US300088A 1963-08-05 1963-08-05 Nuclei for use in solvent transfer systems Expired - Lifetime US3532497A (en)

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US (1) US3532497A (de)
DE (1) DE1291997B (de)
GB (1) GB1080781A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3969541A (en) * 1971-03-26 1976-07-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Diffusion transfer image receptive materials
US3987221A (en) * 1970-07-07 1976-10-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for preparing receptor sheet for use in photographic diffusion process
US5310629A (en) * 1991-06-28 1994-05-10 Eastman Kodak Company Silver recovery element and method

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2698237A (en) * 1954-08-16 1954-12-28 Polaroid Corp Photographic silver halide transfer product and process
US2698245A (en) * 1946-04-13 1954-12-28 Polaroid Corp Photographic product and process for making a positive transfer image
US2765240A (en) * 1953-01-15 1956-10-02 Polaroid Corp Process for forming print-receiving elements
GB878064A (en) * 1959-07-20 1961-09-27 Ilford Ltd Improvements in or relating to photographic reproduction processes
US3042514A (en) * 1959-08-06 1962-07-03 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Diffusion-transfer reversal process
US3313625A (en) * 1964-01-09 1967-04-11 Polaroid Corp Novel photographic products and processes

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE444702A (de) * 1941-01-24
DE869008C (de) * 1950-01-13 1953-03-02 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur direkten Herstellung von Positiven
BE574229A (de) * 1957-12-30

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2698245A (en) * 1946-04-13 1954-12-28 Polaroid Corp Photographic product and process for making a positive transfer image
US2765240A (en) * 1953-01-15 1956-10-02 Polaroid Corp Process for forming print-receiving elements
US2698237A (en) * 1954-08-16 1954-12-28 Polaroid Corp Photographic silver halide transfer product and process
GB878064A (en) * 1959-07-20 1961-09-27 Ilford Ltd Improvements in or relating to photographic reproduction processes
US3042514A (en) * 1959-08-06 1962-07-03 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Diffusion-transfer reversal process
US3313625A (en) * 1964-01-09 1967-04-11 Polaroid Corp Novel photographic products and processes

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3987221A (en) * 1970-07-07 1976-10-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for preparing receptor sheet for use in photographic diffusion process
US3969541A (en) * 1971-03-26 1976-07-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Diffusion transfer image receptive materials
US5310629A (en) * 1991-06-28 1994-05-10 Eastman Kodak Company Silver recovery element and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1291997B (de) 1969-04-03
GB1080781A (en) 1967-08-23

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