US3532227A - Crane for loading and unloading container ships - Google Patents

Crane for loading and unloading container ships Download PDF

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Publication number
US3532227A
US3532227A US701328A US3532227DA US3532227A US 3532227 A US3532227 A US 3532227A US 701328 A US701328 A US 701328A US 3532227D A US3532227D A US 3532227DA US 3532227 A US3532227 A US 3532227A
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Prior art keywords
crane
bridge portion
bridge
pivoted
side frame
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Expired - Lifetime
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US701328A
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English (en)
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Hans Tax
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
    • B66C19/002—Container cranes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the loading and unloading of container ships, and particularly to a crane for transferring large shipping containers between the hold of a ship and land-based vehicles.
  • gantry-like supporting structure consisting mainly of two horizontally spaced side frames whose tops are connected by a fixed portion of a bridge, while another bridge portion pivoted to the fixed portions extends beyond one of the side frames and may be swung between a horizontal position and an upright position.
  • the pivoted bridge portion In the first-mentioned position the pivoted bridge portion extends over the deck of a boat to be loaded or unloaded. In the other position, the pivoted bridge portion is out of the boats path.
  • a trolley equipped with a hoist travels along the fixed bridge portion and also along the pivoted bridge portion when the latter is in its horizontal position.
  • the power station of the known cranes is arranged on a cantilevered bridge portion extending from the fixed bridge portion away from the pivoted portion.
  • the power station includes the winches for operating the trolley hoist and for raising and lowering the pivoted bridge portion and an electric motor or a diesel engine, and provides a useful counterweight when a load is suspended from the horizontally disposed pivoted bridge portion.
  • An object of the invention is the provision of a crane of the type described which resists wind pressure under all operating conditions.
  • FIG. 1 shows a crane of the invention together with other elements of a harbor installation in front elevation, and partly in section, the pivoted bridge portion being disposed horizontally;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the hoist cable in the crane position of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows the apparatus of FIG. 1 with the pivoted bridge portion of the crane swung upward;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 and showing the arrangement of the hoist cable in the crane position of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows the mechanism for lifting and lowering the pivoted bridge portion of the crane in a diagrammatic manner
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate the crane of FIG. 1 in elevational section on the lines VIVI and VII-VII respectively;
  • FIG. 8 shows the crane of FIG. 1 expanded for widening the base of its supporting structure.
  • FIG. 1 there is seen a pier 10 having a vertical wall 12 near which a container-ship 14 is moored.
  • Tracks 16, 18 on the pier 10 and parallel to the wall 12 support wheels 20, 22 of a crane 24.
  • the supporting structure of the crane consists mainly of two side frames 26, 28 whose base portions are respectively provided with the wheels 20, 22, and whose top portions project beyond a bridge 30.
  • a fixed portion 32 of the bridge connects the side frames 26, 28.
  • a pivot 62 on the end of the bridge portion 32 which projects beyond the side frame 28 toward the ship 14 attaches a bridge portion 34 to the bridge portion 32.
  • Another bridge portion 36 is cantilevered on the other end of the fixed bridge portion 32 and projects beyond the side frame 26.
  • each of the bridge portions has two horizontally spaced beams 38, 40 which provide tracks for a trolley 42.
  • the: trolley can travel over the entire length of the bridge, and is shown at the free end of the pivoted bridge portion 34 above the deck of the boat 14.
  • the trolley 42 is equipped with a hoist 44 and carries an operators cab 94.
  • the power station for operating the hoist 44 and for lifting and lowering the pivoted bridge portion 34 is controlled from the cab in a manner conventional in itself and not illustrated in detail.
  • the power station is located within a housing which is an integral part of the side frame 26, as is best seen in FIG. 6.
  • the side frame has two upright members whose base portions carry the wheels 20, and whose top portions are connected by the housing 100.
  • a tension member 51 normally a steel cable, is shown in FIG. 2 to extend from a winch 52 in the power station over a guide pulley 54 on the free end of the cantilevered bridge portion 36, and thence horizontally to a guide pulley 50 on the trolley 42.
  • the other end of the cable 51 is attached at 56 to the free end of the pivoted bridge portion 34 and extends horizontally to another guide pulley 50 on the trolley.
  • the trolley is suspended by wheels 48 from the bridge beams 38, 40.
  • the intermediate portion of the cable 51 between the guide pulleys 50 is trained over pulleys 58 on a carrier frame 60 to which containers 46 may be coupled in a known manner, not shown and not directly relevant to this invention.
  • a pulley 90 mounted on the free end of a bracket 92 is inoperative in the position of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the bracket 92 is pivotally attached to the side frame 28 near the bridge 30.
  • the trolley 42 is operated by means of its own electric motor, not shown, in a manner known in itself.
  • the vertical position of the frame 60 and of a container fastened thereto does not change while the trolley 42 is moved by its non-illustrated motor along the bridge 30. Vertical movement of the load is controlled entirely by the power station 52.
  • the pivoted bridge portion 34 is secured by rods 76, 78 which are hingedly fastened to the top of the side frame 28 and to respective parts of the bridge portion 34 spaced from the pivot 62.
  • the supporting structure of the crane is braced by stiffening bars 86, 88 pivotally attached to the fixed bridge portion 32 near the side frame 26 and respectively pivotally attached to the side frame 28 above and below the bridge 30.
  • the side frame 28 slopes upward from its base at the wheel 18 and obliquely away from the water line so that the pivot 62, While offset from the side frame 28 in a direction away from the side frame 26 is still offset horizontally from the base of the side frame 28 toward the side frame 26.
  • the beam portion 34 is swung upward from the position shown in FIG. 1 into that illustrated in FIG. 3, it is entirely out of the path of the boat 14 although the track 18, the wheels 22, and the base portion of the side frame 28 are closely adjacent the wall 12.
  • the trolley 42 When the bridge portion 34 is to be raised, the trolley 42 is first transferred to one of the bridge portions 32, 36, and the bracket 92 is swung around on the side frame 28 into the path of the trolley 42 until the pulley 90 engages the cable 51, as shown in FIG. 4. When the bridge portion 34 is then swung upward, a part of the cable 51 extending from the pulley 50 on the trolley 42 toward the pivoted bridge portion 34 is still horizontal and parallel to the fixed bridge portiton 32. The trolley 42 may be moved back and forth on the bridge portions 32, 36 without causing vertical movement of a load attached to the cable 51.
  • the rods 76, 78 each consist of two portions hingedly connected by pivots 80, 82.
  • the bridge portiton 34 is locked in the lifted position by an arm 84 pivoted to the top of the side frame 28 and carrying a hook on its free end which engages a corresponding stud on the bridge portion 34.
  • the locking arm 84 is connected with the bridge portion 34 by a linkage (not illustrated) which raises the arm to the position shown in FIG. 3 when the bridge portion 34 is raised, and lowers the arm to a position in which it is obscured behind the frame 28 when the bridge portion 34 is lowered to the position seen in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 The mechanism for raising and lowering the pivoted bridge portiton 34 is shown in FIG. 5.
  • Two cables 64 connect corresponding winches 66 of the power station in the housing 100 with blocks 74 at the free end of the pivoted bridge portion 34, not itself seen in FIG. 5, only the elements associated with one of the cables 64 being shown in FIG. 5, the other arrangement being substantially identical.
  • Each cable 64 is trained from the associated winch 66 over a guide pulley 68 on the top of the side frame 28, and several strands 70 of the cable then extend back and forth between the aforementioned block 74 and another block 72 suspended from the side frame 28. The free end of the cable 64 is attached to the side frame 28.
  • the bridge portion 34 is lifted or lowered as the lifting cables 64 are pulled in or paid out by the winches 66.
  • the fixed bridge portion 32 is split into two longitudinal parts which are fixedly connected when the crane is in the condition shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • an insert 96 is provided between the two parts of the bridge porrtion 32.
  • the stiffening bars 86, 88 are lengthened by inserts 98 so that the side frame 26 carrying the power station housing 100 is shifted almost to the end of the bridge portion 36 remote from the bridge portion 32.
  • the housing 100 and the winches and motor (not shown) arranged therein provide a heavy counter-Weight for a load supported on the pivoted bridge portion 34. Yet, the weight of the power station is transmitted to the track 16 by the vertical frame 26, and the weight of the power station does not produce a moment Which may assist in toppling the crane when the pivoted bridge portion is upright, as shown in FIG. 3, and when the crane is exposed to a strong wind blowing from. the right, as viewed in FIGS. 1, 3 and 8.
  • a crane comprising:
  • said power station including a winch, said tension member having two end portions respectively fastened to said. winch and to a terminal part of said pivoted bridge portion remote from said fixed bridge portion,
  • said hoist including two guide pulleys on said trolley and a carrier member having at least one pulley, a portion of said tension member intermediate said end portions of the same being trained over said pulleys, said carrier member being suspended from said tension member;
  • guide means for holding a part of said intermediate portion of the tension member substantially parallel to said fixed bridge portion in all angular positions of said pivoted bridge portion, said part extending from said trolley in a direction from said other side frame toward said one guide frame, said guide means including (1) bracket means mounted on one of said support elements and movable into and out of the path of said trolley on said bridge, and (2) a pulley on said bracket means engageable with said tension member when the bracket means is in the path of said trolley.
  • said bridge having a cantilevered portion extending from said fixed portion beyond said other side frame, a guide pulley on a terminal part of said cantilevered bridge portion, said tension member extending from one of the guide pulleys on said trolley to the guide pulley on the terminal part of said cantilevered bridge portion, and thence to said power station.
  • a trolley arranged for movement on the bridge, a hoist on the trolley, a power station for the hoist arranged on said other side frame and connected to said hoist by a tension member, the improvement which comprises:
  • said tension member having respective end portions fastened to a part of said pivoted bridge portion remote from said one side frame and to a part of said one side frame upwardly spaced from said bridge, said tension member supporting said pivoted bridge portion when the same is horizontally aligned with said fixed bridge portion.
  • said other side frame including two spacedly juxtaposed upright frame members, and a housing transversely connecting the top ends of said frame members, said power station being arranged in said housing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Leg Units, Guards, And Driving Tracks Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
US701328A 1967-02-03 1968-01-29 Crane for loading and unloading container ships Expired - Lifetime US3532227A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET0033146 1967-02-03

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US3532227A true US3532227A (en) 1970-10-06

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US701328A Expired - Lifetime US3532227A (en) 1967-02-03 1968-01-29 Crane for loading and unloading container ships

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US (1) US3532227A (de)
BE (1) BE709494A (de)
DE (1) DE1481840A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6801520A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5409123A (en) * 1991-12-23 1995-04-25 Man Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Cable guide for the trolley traveling winch of gantry cranes
US5456560A (en) * 1993-01-26 1995-10-10 Virginia International Terminals, Inc. Method and apparatus for moving containers between a ship and a dock
US20070227996A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Conrad Muller Crane with boom and running track for a cable carrier

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IE873194L (en) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-24 Roeder Ind Holdings Container crane

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US731231A (en) * 1901-03-15 1903-06-16 Wellman Seaver Engineering Company Wharf-crane.
US754187A (en) * 1903-09-03 1904-03-08 C W Hunt Company Hoisting mechanism.
US1019867A (en) * 1911-03-02 1912-03-12 Thos S Watson Company Elevating, transporting, and discharging apparatus.
GB621818A (en) * 1946-10-30 1949-04-20 Charles Edward Dougherty Improvements relating to the loading and unloading of ships
FR1079553A (fr) * 1953-04-09 1954-12-01 Ceretti & Tanfani Perfectionnements apportés aux grues à portiques à deux chariots ainsi qu'à leurdispositif de commande
FR1412752A (fr) * 1964-10-27 1965-10-01 Wellman Smith Owen Eng Co Ltd Perfectionnements apportés aux grues
FR1437599A (fr) * 1965-03-19 1966-05-06 élévateur-descenseur à portique monorail réglable pour tous travaux de bâtiment
US3351213A (en) * 1964-12-08 1967-11-07 Davy And United Instr Ltd Control systems
US3414143A (en) * 1966-11-10 1968-12-03 Gordon L. Scott Marine terminal facility

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US731231A (en) * 1901-03-15 1903-06-16 Wellman Seaver Engineering Company Wharf-crane.
US754187A (en) * 1903-09-03 1904-03-08 C W Hunt Company Hoisting mechanism.
US1019867A (en) * 1911-03-02 1912-03-12 Thos S Watson Company Elevating, transporting, and discharging apparatus.
GB621818A (en) * 1946-10-30 1949-04-20 Charles Edward Dougherty Improvements relating to the loading and unloading of ships
FR1079553A (fr) * 1953-04-09 1954-12-01 Ceretti & Tanfani Perfectionnements apportés aux grues à portiques à deux chariots ainsi qu'à leurdispositif de commande
FR1412752A (fr) * 1964-10-27 1965-10-01 Wellman Smith Owen Eng Co Ltd Perfectionnements apportés aux grues
US3351213A (en) * 1964-12-08 1967-11-07 Davy And United Instr Ltd Control systems
FR1437599A (fr) * 1965-03-19 1966-05-06 élévateur-descenseur à portique monorail réglable pour tous travaux de bâtiment
US3414143A (en) * 1966-11-10 1968-12-03 Gordon L. Scott Marine terminal facility

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5409123A (en) * 1991-12-23 1995-04-25 Man Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Cable guide for the trolley traveling winch of gantry cranes
US5456560A (en) * 1993-01-26 1995-10-10 Virginia International Terminals, Inc. Method and apparatus for moving containers between a ship and a dock
US20070227996A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Conrad Muller Crane with boom and running track for a cable carrier
US7516857B2 (en) * 2006-03-31 2009-04-14 Noell Crane Systems Gmbh Crane with boom and running track for a cable carrier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE709494A (de) 1968-05-30
DE1481840A1 (de) 1969-03-20
NL6801520A (de) 1968-08-05

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