US3519561A - Alkoxylated tertiary amine antistatic composition - Google Patents

Alkoxylated tertiary amine antistatic composition Download PDF

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US3519561A
US3519561A US559859A US3519561DA US3519561A US 3519561 A US3519561 A US 3519561A US 559859 A US559859 A US 559859A US 3519561D A US3519561D A US 3519561DA US 3519561 A US3519561 A US 3519561A
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nacl
antistatic
composition
humectant
coating
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US559859A
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Andrew J Kelly
Robert C Britt
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GAF Corp
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GAF Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/372—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing etherified or esterified hydroxy groups ; Polyethers of low molecular weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D06M11/155—Halides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions

Definitions

  • An antistatic composition particularly adapted for use on textiles and related materials consisting of an aqueous solution, having a pH within the range of about 4 to 7, and containing as active ingredients about 1 part by weight of an alkoxylated tertiary amine of the formula L In L RNL ⁇ HR CHR O/nH2 wherein R represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R represents a member of the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl and n represents an average integer of from 1 to about 50, and from about 1 to parts by weight of an humectant.
  • the humectant may be either a nonionic humectant (such as glycerine) or an ionic humectant (including strong electrolytes such as calcium chloride).
  • a strong electrolyte i.e., the salt of a strong base and a strong acid.
  • This invention relates to an antistatic composition adapted for use on textiles and related materials. More specifically this invention relates to an antistatic composition particularly adapted for use on pile fabrics, especially carpeting and upholstery fabrics, normally backed with polymeric coatings. The invention is also concerned with a process for the preparation of an antistatic composition, and a process for treating textiles with an antistatic composition to reduce electrostatic charge build-up in textiles.
  • antistatic pertains to reducing or eliminating the property or ability to generate, induce or accumulate electrostatic charges.
  • the primary object of the invention at hand is the preparation of a superior antistatic composition.
  • Another object of this invention is the preparation of an antistatic composition which can be used in such a way that it does not attract dirt and is not worn off in normal use.
  • an object of this invention is the preparation of an antistatic composition which does not affect adversely the hand properties of the treated textile.
  • Still another object of the invention is the preparation of an antistatic composition which is compatible with the latex binders that are used as carpet backing and adhesives.
  • Still other objects of this invention include the process for the preparation of the antistatic composition of this invention, the process for coating fabric therewith, a process for rendering textiles antistatic and a process for the reduction of static electricity charge build-up in humans in contact with textiles.
  • the antistatic composition of the present invention comprises a combination of (i) certain tertiary amines with a compound or mixture of compounds which function as, (ii) a humectant and (iii) an electrolyte.
  • active ingredients are preferably prepared in the form of an aqueous solution or dispersion so that they can be applied to the back of the material to be protected in the form of an aqueous solution or dispersion.
  • humectants of metals of the Group I and II of the Periodic Table there may be used various deliquescent salts of metals of the Group I and II of the Periodic Table, particularly of the alkali metal and alkaline earth metals.
  • Specific deliquescent salts which we prefer to employ as humectants include the alkali metal salts of lower aliphatic carboxlic acids, such as sodium formate, potassium formate, lithium formate, cesium formate, sodium and potassium acetate, potassium butyrate and such inorganic salts as calcium chloride.
  • organic humectants as glycerol, urea, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, ethoxylated sorbitol lauric acid esters and mixtures of the same.
  • a deliquescent salt is employed as the humectant it may also function as an electrolyte. However, where glycerine or other nonionic humectants are employed they should be combined with an electrolyte. Also in the case of deliquescent salts, such as sodium and potassium formate which have a relatively low dissociation constant it is preferable to incorporate a small amount of a salt of a strong base and strong acid having a high dissociation constant, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride or calcium chloride.
  • Salts which are not sufficiently deliquescent such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium nitrate, that do not function wholly satisfactorily as both humectant and electrolyte can be employed in combination with a nonionic humectant, such as glycerine or urea or in combination with a more highly deliquescent salt, such as potassium formate or calcium chloride.
  • a nonionic humectant such as glycerine or urea
  • a more highly deliquescent salt such as potassium formate or calcium chloride.
  • the humectant and electrolyte may be either a single compound or a mixture of compounds.
  • the other essential component of our composition is an alkoxylated amine represented by the following gen eral formula:
  • R represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms
  • each R' represents hydrogen or methyl
  • n represents an average integer of at least 1, preferably 1 to about 30, although higher alkoxylated derivatives, i.e. the products obtained by condensing 1 molar proportion of a primary aliphatic (saturated or unsaturated) amine with up to 50 molar proportions of an alkylene oxide, usually ethylene oxide, may be employed if desired.
  • alkoxylated amines are well known in the art and are prepared by condensing the primary saturated or unsaturated aliphatic amine of from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, with an alkylene oxide, usually ethylene oxide, although propylene oxide and butylene oxide may be employed if desired, until polyglycol groups of desired chain length are obtained.
  • alkylene oxide usually ethylene oxide, although propylene oxide and butylene oxide may be employed if desired, until polyglycol groups of desired chain length are obtained.
  • composition of the present invention comprises a mixure of the above components in the following relative proportions in which the parts are by weight. For each part of alkoxylated amine there is used from equivalent amounts to about parts of humectant. If the particular humectant employed is also a strong electrolyte the amount employed as a humectant is sufiicient to function as an electrolyte. However, if the particular humectant is not a strong electrolyte then from 0.01 part to about 0.1 part of a strong electrolyte is employed. Both components are prepared in the form of a concentrated aqueous solution or dispersion.
  • wetting agents of the nonionic or cationic type.
  • Such wetting agents may be used in amounts of from 0.01 to 0.1 part by weight and are preferably included in the composition when a heavy pile fabric, particularly carpeting is being treated, as they facilitate the penetration of the antistatic composition into the textile substrate. It is desirable to add a measured amount of wetting agent as determined by preliminary test, to control the degree of penetration of the composition into the textile substrateparticularly when treating carpet-so that the composition penetrates the backing of carpet and wets the base of the pile fabric, but does not penetrate to the outer tips of the pile.
  • compositions which can be incorporated in the composition include coloring agents, including dyes and pigments, fillers and similar additives, antioxidants, additional antistatic agents, stabilizers and defoaming agents.
  • coloring agents including dyes and pigments, fillers and similar additives, antioxidants, additional antistatic agents, stabilizers and defoaming agents.
  • various volatile water soluble solvents such as lower alcohols of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acetone and like in order to facilitate the removal, by vaporization, of excess water.
  • the pH of the resulting mixture or solution is adjusted so as to be within the range of pH 4 to neutral (pH 7) preferably slightly acid, more preferably to a pH within the range of from about 5.6 to about 6.5, with the most preferred pH being about 6.
  • This pH adjustment is preferably effected by adding an aliphatic carboxylic acid having from about 1 to about 5 carbon atoms to the mixture and if the salt of a lower carboxylic acid is employed as humectant and/ or electrolyte, it is preferable that the pH adjustment be effected using the same carboxylic acid as the anion present in such salt. 'It will be appreciated that this pH adjustment by addition of carboxylic acid also results in the formation of a salt of the alkoxylated amine.
  • the antistatic composition of the present invention is particularly useful for the production of the antistatic textile products described and claimed in the copending ap plication Ser. No. 559,883, filed June 23, 1966, by Robert E. Goin and Robert C. Britt, which also more fully describes our preferred method of application.
  • the preferred method of application of the antistatic composition of the present invention to textiles is illustrated diagrammatically in the annexed sheet of drawings; in which 2 designates a roll of textile material, such as carpeting or upholstery, preferably of pile construction, to be treated.
  • the web of textile 4 is removed from the roll by drive rollers 14 and passes over coating means 6, here illustrated as a spray head which applies the coating composition to the back of the textile.
  • the web of textile then passes through drying unit 8 illustrated diagrammatically in the drawing as a drying oven, wherein it may be subjected to radiant heat and/or heated atmosphere to effect evaporation of most of the water. It will be apparent that due to the evaporation of water, the temperature of the surface of the textile will not exceed 212 F., but a surrounding atmosphere having temperatures of from 300 to 400 F. may be employed, subject to the practical limitation that the temperature must not be so high as to affect decomposition or degradation of either the textile substrate or the antistatic coating composition. When essentially all of the water has been removed by vaporization, the web of textile then passes through suitable apparatus illustrated in the drawings as coating roll 10 for applying a latex backing to the fabric.
  • the latex backing is applied in the manner customary in the art so as to assure uniform coating and good adhesion of the latex to the backing and looped ends of the pile. Care should be exercised, however, in applying the latex backing that it does not penetrate completely through the backing so as to encapsulate the antistatic coating since if the antistatic coating or layer is encapsulated its effectiveness is diminished.
  • Any conven tional latex backing may be employed.
  • neoprene latexes such as Lotol GX-1076 and Burkote R2285 and latexes of polystyrene, vinylidene chloride, polyacrylates, butadiene-styrene or others.
  • the antistatic composition can be applied in any coating weight which is capable of effecting the desired anti- Walking Foot Scuff Test.
  • This testing procedure is as follows: A carpet sample 9 feet long and 2 to 3 feet wide is spread on the floor. At one end of the carpet an electrostatic volt meter is positioned on a table. Beginning at the volt meter end of the carpet, the experimenter, wearing static properties. For use on carpets the broad dry coatshoes havmg leather soles and heels, walks, shuffiing his ing weight range is from .01 to 12 oz. per sq. yd., with a feet all the while to the opposite end, turns while still on more preferred range being .5 to 3 oz. per sq. yd.
  • EXAMPLES 1 to 14 the antistatic composition was prepared by adding the base and organic acid to water to form the humectant in situ.
  • the alkoxylated amine employed was stearyl amine which had been ethoxylated with 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine.
  • the wetting agent was tridecyl alcohol which had been ethoxylated with 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
  • the amounts of materials employed in each example are given in the appropriate column of Table I.
  • composition of the antistatic coating as well as the test results and other pertinent information for these examples are given in Table III.
  • the amine utilized was in accordance with the description given in accordance with Examples 1 to 15. In these examples a wetting agent was not utilized so as to prevent the antistatic coating from completely penetrating the textile.
  • the humectant was formed in situ by the reaction of a basic component with an acidic component as in Examples 1-15.
  • the procedure for these examples was as follows: The samples were cut and coated with the antistatic coating. In these examples the coating weight was based on the weight of the fabric in question. A polymeric backing was then applied to the fabric and dried at a temperature of from about 200 to 325 F. for a period of time of from about 10 to minutes. The dried fabric was then conditioned for at least six hours at a temperature of 70-*. -5 F. and to relative humidity. The coated material was then tested on an Atlab tester, as developed by the Atlas Chemical Co., Wilmington, Del.
  • the test procedure consists essentially of a means of controlled rubbing of a strip of fabric across a pair of static-generating (Teflon) bars and across a stainless steel bar which transfers the friction-generated charge to an electrostatic voltmeter for measurement.
  • composition of the antistatic coating as well as the test results and other pertinent information for these examples, are given in Table IV.
  • Humectant pH Charge adjust- Percent build-up Basic 0r anic Parts Eleo- Parts ment, Nylon coating in kv., Example No. compound Parts aei Parts amine trolyte Parts water acid pH textile weight volts 59.- KOH 60 20 NaCl 2 200 Acetic.-. 6.0-6.5 Taffeta 2 0 60 KOH 60 20 NaOl 2 6.0-6.5 .-do 5 0 61 KOH 60 20 NaCl 2 .0-6.5 Upholstery. 2 .5 62 KOH 60 20 M101 2 -6.5 .do 5 0 63 X011 74 25 NaCl 3 .5 Taffeta"-..
  • the antistatic coating was applied to the back of the textile sample and dried to remove excess moisture.
  • a polymeric backing was then applied to the fabric and cured at a temperature of from 200235 F. for from 10-30 minutes.
  • the coated material was then tested on an Atlab Tester in the manner described above in connection with Examples 47-73. In these examples the humectant was not formed in situ, but instead was added directly to the antistatic composition.
  • composition of the antistatic coating as well as test results and other pertinent data for these examples are given in Table V.
  • humectant when said humectant is a nonionic humectant, at least 0.01 part by weight of a strong electrolyte, said electrolyte being an essentiallyneutral salt of a strong base and a strong acid.
  • composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the humectant is calcium chloride.
  • humectant is a deliquescent alkali metal salt of a lower alkyl earboxylic acid having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and there is present as an electrolyte at least 0.01 part by weight of a compound selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride and calcium chloride.
  • humectant is a nonionic humectant selected from the group consisting of sorbital humectants, glycerol and TABLE V Charge Wetting pH ad- Percent build-up Ex. Amine, agent, Elec- Parts justment coating kv., N0. Humectant Parts parts parts trolyte Parts water acid pH Textile weight volts 76 Sorbitolestefl. 10 20 1 NaCl 1 70 Acetic..- 5. 56.5 2 1 77 do 10 20 1 NaGl 1 70 do 5. 6-6.5 5 10 20 1 NaCl 1 70 do- 5. -6.5 flo 0 10 1 NaCl 1 70 ..do.
  • the humectant is a nonionic humectant selected from the group consisting of sorbital humectants, glycerol and TABLE V Charge Wetting pH ad- Percent build-up Ex. Amine, agent, Elec- Parts justment coating kv.,
  • An antistatic coating composition consisting essentially of an aqueous solution having a pH in the range of from about 4 to 7 of (a) one part by weight of an alkoxylated tertiary amine having the formula urea, and there is present as an electrolyte at least 0.01 part by weight of an electrolyte selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride and calcium chloride.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US559859A 1966-06-23 1966-06-23 Alkoxylated tertiary amine antistatic composition Expired - Lifetime US3519561A (en)

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US (1) US3519561A (ja)
BE (1) BE691080A (ja)
CH (2) CH1768266A4 (ja)
DE (1) DE1594923A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES334433A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR1511197A (ja)
GB (1) GB1182191A (ja)
IL (1) IL26987A (ja)
NL (2) NL6614401A (ja)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4065598A (en) * 1975-03-17 1977-12-27 Toray Industries, Inc. Process for polymeric modification of a fiber
US4374031A (en) * 1980-06-06 1983-02-15 Unitika Limited Method for manufacturing polyester fibers with good adhesion to rubber
US4555349A (en) * 1983-04-08 1985-11-26 Lever Brothers Company Fabric softening compositions
EP0890671A2 (de) * 1997-07-10 1999-01-13 Ciba SC Holding AG Verwendung von modifizierten Fettaminen zur Verhinderung von Ablagerungen von niedermolekularen Nebenprodukten auf textilen Materialien
US5888712A (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-03-30 Eastman Kodak Company Electrically-conductive overcoat for photographic elements
US5955250A (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-09-21 Eastman Kodak Company Electrically-conductive overcoat layer for photographic elements
US9920183B2 (en) * 2014-06-30 2018-03-20 Polyplastics Co., Ltd. Polyacetal resin composition and fuel contactor provided with molded article of the polyacetal resin composition

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4119545A (en) * 1977-03-28 1978-10-10 Colgate Palmolive Company Concentrated fabric softening composition

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2809159A (en) * 1954-11-18 1957-10-08 Dexter Chemical Corp Antistatic and rewetting treatment of textile material
CA593636A (en) * 1960-03-01 B. Gillock Woodson Polymer treating agents
US3154489A (en) * 1960-07-18 1964-10-27 Armour & Co Surface active compositions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA593636A (en) * 1960-03-01 B. Gillock Woodson Polymer treating agents
US2809159A (en) * 1954-11-18 1957-10-08 Dexter Chemical Corp Antistatic and rewetting treatment of textile material
US3154489A (en) * 1960-07-18 1964-10-27 Armour & Co Surface active compositions

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4065598A (en) * 1975-03-17 1977-12-27 Toray Industries, Inc. Process for polymeric modification of a fiber
US4374031A (en) * 1980-06-06 1983-02-15 Unitika Limited Method for manufacturing polyester fibers with good adhesion to rubber
US4555349A (en) * 1983-04-08 1985-11-26 Lever Brothers Company Fabric softening compositions
EP0890671A2 (de) * 1997-07-10 1999-01-13 Ciba SC Holding AG Verwendung von modifizierten Fettaminen zur Verhinderung von Ablagerungen von niedermolekularen Nebenprodukten auf textilen Materialien
EP0890671A3 (de) * 1997-07-10 2000-02-23 Ciba SC Holding AG Verwendung von modifizierten Fettaminen zur Verhinderung von Ablagerungen von niedermolekularen Nebenprodukten auf textilen Materialien
US5888712A (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-03-30 Eastman Kodak Company Electrically-conductive overcoat for photographic elements
US5955250A (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-09-21 Eastman Kodak Company Electrically-conductive overcoat layer for photographic elements
US9920183B2 (en) * 2014-06-30 2018-03-20 Polyplastics Co., Ltd. Polyacetal resin composition and fuel contactor provided with molded article of the polyacetal resin composition

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Publication number Publication date
NL6614401A (ja) 1967-12-27
NL135109C (ja)
CH533720A (de) 1972-08-31
IL26987A (en) 1971-07-28
DE1594923A1 (de) 1971-01-28
GB1182191A (en) 1970-02-25
CH1768266A4 (ja) 1972-08-31
ES334433A1 (es) 1968-03-01
FR1511197A (fr) 1968-01-26
BE691080A (ja) 1967-05-16

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