US3508854A - Dyeable dextrin-modified latex treated article - Google Patents

Dyeable dextrin-modified latex treated article Download PDF

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Publication number
US3508854A
US3508854A US594999A US3508854DA US3508854A US 3508854 A US3508854 A US 3508854A US 594999 A US594999 A US 594999A US 3508854D A US3508854D A US 3508854DA US 3508854 A US3508854 A US 3508854A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
latex
dextrin
textile
dye
textile fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US594999A
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English (en)
Inventor
Malcolm R Sockol
Chester J Kawa
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Uniroyal Chemical Co Inc
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Uniroyal Inc
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Assigned to UNIROYAL CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC., WORLD HEADQUARTERS, MIDDLEBURY, CT. 06749, A CORP. OF NEW JERSEY reassignment UNIROYAL CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC., WORLD HEADQUARTERS, MIDDLEBURY, CT. 06749, A CORP. OF NEW JERSEY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: UNIROYAL, INC., A NEW YORK CORP.
Assigned to UNIROYAL CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC. reassignment UNIROYAL CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: UNIROYAL, INC., A NJ CORP.
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
    • C08L21/02—Latex
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/693—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural or synthetic rubber, or derivatives thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/916—Natural fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/918—Cellulose textile
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/921—Cellulose ester or ether

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rubber coated textile fabric comprising a textile fabric substrate and an elastomeric polymer film coating thereon wherein the polymer film contains a dextrin dye acceptor which renders the clastomeric polymer film dyeable with the identical textile dyes which are capable of dyeing the textile fabric substrate.
  • This invention relates to a dyeable latex compound which is usually applied to the back of textile articles and in particular relates to the addition of dextrin, to a latex of an elastomeric polymer which latex is usually applied to the back of a textile fabric substrate and cured, wherein the dextrin renders the cured latex film dyeable with the identical textile dyestuffs used to dye the textile fabric substrate.
  • a layer of compounded latex which contains dextrin is applied by any suitable means to a dyeable substrate such as the back of a textile fabric, and said layer is dried and cured to a film whereupon both the textile fabric and substrate and latex film are dyed simultaneously in one dye bath.
  • a latex is a dispersion of synthetic rubber or natural rubber in an aqueous medium.
  • compounding a latex. or compounded latex used in this specification describe the selection of additives and their incorporation into the latex of the synthetic or natural rubber so as to give a homogeneous mixture ready for subsequent processing steps.
  • the latex film and the textile fabric substrate both absorb ordinary textile dyes from the dye solution.
  • the dye is absorbed and fixed by both physical and chemical attraction into the textile fabric substrate and the cured latex film due to the dextrin, and as a result, the dyes in the textile fabric substrate and cured latex film are fast to washing (leaching), light, and crocking.
  • the present invention provides a novel method so that both a textile fabric substrate and a cured latex film which has been applied thereon are dyed simultaneously in the same dye bath to the same color intensity.
  • Latex coatings are applied to numerous textile fabrics in order to (1) increase the weight of the goods, (2) to prevent seam slippage, (3) to improve the hand and (4) to reduce edge tear. It has been the experience in the prior art that when latex or latex compounds, usually white to off-white in color, are applied to dyed pieces of fabric, the latex film can be detected when viewing the fabrics face, that is, when viewing the fabric from the non-coated side. This detection of the latex through the substrate is called the grinning effect because the white color of the latex compound shows a sharp contrast with the colored face of the fabric.
  • One method which has been used commercially to reduce the grinning effect is 3,508,854 Patented Apr. 28, 1970 the use of a pigmentation process.
  • the latex is colored with pigment so that the color of the latex will approximate or correspond to the face shade of the textile fabric substrate which is to be dyed after the latex is applied thereon.
  • the latex compound is applied to the back of the textile fabric substrate and is dried and cured.
  • the textile fabric containing the pigmented latex film is dyed.
  • the color of the pigmented latex corresponds to the textile fabric so that relatively no grinning effect from the pigmented latex film occurs.
  • This process has a number of undesirable features. Among them are: (1) An individual latex compound must be pigmented to the color to which the fabric will eventually be dyed.
  • Elastomeric latices are extremelydifiicult, if not impossible to dye with most conventional textile dyes since they lackdye receptive site's. It was because of this: lack of dyeability that the above noted pigmentation process was developed-We have performed extensive tests to determine whether latices of elastomeric polymers can be modified to become dyeable by the addition of dye acceptor compounds to said latices, and if so, exactly which dye acceptor compounds work effectively when incorporated into the various latices.
  • Certain cationic type starches can be added to a latex without causing the latex to thicken, but these starches will not absorb the type of textile dyes which are used in the present invention.
  • Other possible dye acceptors which could conceivably be used such as the various sugars having a similar composition to dextrin, are not satisfactory dye acceptors since, due to their solubility, they leach out of the compounded latex film into the dye bath when the latex is being dyed.
  • an other difficulty associated with the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone in latex is that the modified latex does not age properly.
  • the latex film is not light fast, which means that after exposure to an ultraviolet radiation source for a relatively short period of time, such as about 20 hours, the color of the latex fades. Normal an appreciable break in color.
  • This fading effect indicates that the polyvinylpyrrolidone is not a commercially acceptable dye acceptor. None of the abovementioned phenomena occur when dextrin is used as the dye acceptor.
  • the present invention provides a novel method for dyeing any of the cured latex films disclosed herein by incorporating dextrin into the compounded latices.
  • Dextrin possesses the right combination of properties including (1) good dye receptivity with most of the classes of dyes in textile-dyeing, (2) relatively low solubility when incorporated into the latex to resist leaching by the dye bath and (3) not affecting the chemical and mechanical stability of the latices in which it is used.
  • the use of dextrin in the compounded latex provides an efficient method of reducing the grinning effect problem.
  • the latex is dyeable with the same dyestuffs that are used to dye the textile fabric substrate during the dyeing step.
  • the compounded latex film is dyed simultaneously with the textile fabric substrate in a single dyeing process. This method eliminates the need for pigmenting individual latex compounds for each desired fabric color. It also eliminates waste of the latex compound, unnecessary use of needed storage space, and inventory problems since only one latex compound has to be made up and coated onto the textile which can be dyed then to any desired color.
  • Another object is to provide a latex compound, suitable for coating textile fabric substrates, which is colored to the same intensity as the fabric and which is fast to light and washing.
  • the substrate or base layer consists of any type of woven or nonwoven textile fabric or material which can be dyed with various common textile dyes.
  • the textile fabric used can be a woven, tufted or knitted fabric made from cotton, rayon, rayonacetate, polyester or nylon such as is used in clothing, upholstery, carpet, carpet backing, draperies, curtains, etc.
  • a non-woven textile material can be used such as felt, matting, or fabric which is made by the use of a resin binder to hold the fibers together or a needle punching method.
  • Any conventional latex of an elastomeric rubber polymer may be modified by the addition of dextrin and applied to the surface of any of the aforementioned substrates.
  • An elastomeric polymer is a polymeric material having special properties such as being amorphous when unstretched but developing crystallinity upon stretching. It must be used above its glass transition temperature to be elastic.
  • the elastomeric polymers used in the present invention are inherently high polymers. The useable polymers possess the characteristic of stretching and retracting rapidly and high strength and modulus while stretched, and recover on release of the stress.
  • Typical examples of the latices of elastomeric polymers which are used in the present invention are the following: styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR); carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber; natural rubber; butyl rubber, which is generally a copolymer of isobutylene and 12% of a diolefin such as isoprene or butadiene; nitrile rubber, which is generally a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile; a carboxylated nitrile rubber, which is generally a carboxylated copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile; neoprene rubber (the polymer of 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene), also known as polychloroprene; and acrylic polymers such as polymeric acrylate and methacrylate esters.
  • SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
  • Acrylic polymers are dyed by a limited number of dye classes in the unmodified form in a latex film, but the addition of dextrin affords dyeability with all of the classes of dyes mentioned in this specification.
  • Certain additives generally are incorporated into the latices of the elastomeric polymers cited above so that the natural and synthetic rubber latices which are used in this invention have been compounded with the usual ingredients necessary for curing or vulcanization, prevention of oxidation discoloration, embrittlement and aging.
  • antifoaming or defo-aming agents are used, as well as auxiliary chemicals to control wetting and penetration of latex into the textile article.
  • the elastomeric polymers are present in an amount between about 25% and 98% based upon the total weight of compound solids in the film and they are preferably present in an amount between about 40% and 97% based upon the total weight of compound solids in the film.
  • Dextrin which provides dyeability when incorporated into the latex in accordance with the present invention is a carbohydrate intermediate product produced from starch by hydrolysis due to the action of dilute acids, diastase, ferments or dry heat.
  • the process of making dextrins by breaking down the long molecules of starch is called dextrinization.
  • Dextrin is an amorphous, odorless powder which is colored white, yellow or brown.
  • the color of the dextrin is determined by the degree of dextrinization with the white dextrin having a low degree of dextrinization and the brown colored dextrin having a high degree of dextrinization.
  • the degree of dextrinization also determines the solubility of the dextrin in water.
  • the dextrin (white) having a low degree of dextrinization is insoluble in water whereas the dextrin (brown) having a high degree of dextrinization is soluble in water.
  • the yellow dextrin has a solubility product value in between the solubility product of the white dextrin and the brown dextrin.
  • Dextrin is soluble in alcohol, does not give the blue iodine reaction of starch, and it is not fermentable.
  • Methods for making dextrin such as is used in the present invention and methods for characterizing it are found in I. A. Radley, Starch and Its Derivatives, vol. II, 3rd ed., Chapman & Hall Ltd, London (1953), pp. 107125.
  • dextrins prepared from tapioca starch, wheat starch, potato starch, corn starch, and rice starch per 100 parts of dry weight of latex solids.
  • dextrin dye acceptor based upon the weight of latex solids
  • dextrin powder which possesses a dark yellow or brown color may not be as satisfactory as the white dextrin powder since the dark color of the dextrin may affect the color of the latex into which it is incorporated, and therefore affect the true color of the dye.
  • the white colored dextrin products having low dextrinization as opposed to the dark dextrin products having a high degree of dextrinization because the water solubility is less in products having a low degree of dextrinization, and therefore the leaching out of the dextrin having a loiiv degree of dextrinization from the latex into the dye bath is reduced since the dextrin with a low degree of dextrinization is relatively insoluble in the dye bath.
  • Dextrin made from tapioca starch such as National Starch Company product number 18-53l1 provides extremely satisfactory dying results when incorporated into the latex as a dye acceptor.
  • Other preferred dextrins are sold under the trademarks Nadex 772 and Nadex 791.
  • An optional step which may be included in this invention if dextrin is used with a high degree of dextrinization, or if it is desired" to use a lesser amount of dextrin with a low degree of dextrinization is to add a mixture of between about 1 and parts by weight of a melamine formaldehyde resin, between about 0.25 and 2.50 parts of glyoxal (C H O also known as oxaldehyde), and between 0.1
  • the dextrin containing mixituge is added to the latex tgr ggy f gi i gig ggz i iifiSig 2g23222 53" latex compound an mixe t erein prior to coating e strates.
  • the latex coating may be applied g i j g g i g igg si ggi gi g i s ig f ifigg gg to the back side of the textile fabric substrate as it passes.
  • nitia y, t e compoun e latex applied to the textile fabric substrate may be com- 2x2 2 22; gifi zg g s j i i r io gfi v eii a f pounded in a single batch in a suitable mixer -by adding temperature S between about P2300 F and 350 F to a dextrin paste, which is dextrin powder mixed with a suitable amount of water to facilitalte dispersion of the g g l i ii'fig g fi fig ggggf gi gg fgfig dextrin in the latex, to a mixture of atex and desired ad- P ditives including dispersants, vulcanizers, defoamers, ggl zi i gs gg gg g ggii g gzg figg f g 3$: :l g z fi s i the
  • This separate compounding develo ed, after-treated di ect; basic, ulf method requires less storagespace forthe latex compound reactivg dyes Such as cgnulose fibesr g i g w and reduces the transportation cost since water and filler ProcionS) Chrome dispersed dyes including p ia n I a 3:3 large percentage of the Welght of the latex com base diazotized; developed and acid type dyes.
  • the dextrin may be mixed with mg examp 1e Illustrates the mventlon' melamine-formaldehyde resin, zinc or magnesium chlo- EXAMPLE ride and glyoxal and added to the single batch Or pr
  • a latex compound containing dextrin was applied to p f YP F fofmula a dextrin ly various textile fabric substrates indicated in Table III by COITIPOSIUOH contalnlng melamlnfi-fofmaldehyde, Zlnc passing the textile fabric substrates over a roller which chloride and glyoxal Whlch can be added to the g has one surface immersed in a latex bath, and upon rotabatch or pre-compounded latex if desired is given in tion the latex is carried along the surface of the roller Table I. until it is deposited on the back of each sample of the TABLE I Dry parts 1 Ingredient Function General Preferred (l) Dextrin
  • Nylon rayon SEC 1 5 270 Irgalan Yellow ZGL Extra 2%, 2GL Orange RL 3%.
  • 1 SBO is carboxylated butadiene-styrene rubber.
  • 1 SEE is styrene-butadiene rubber.
  • Neoprene 842A-A polychloroprene latex of approximately solids and a particle size 0150-190 millimicrons.
  • a dyed rubber coated textile fabric comprising, (A) a textile fabric substrate, and (B) an elastomeric polymer film coating thereon, wherein both fabric and elastomeric polymer film coating thereon are dyed to substantially the same shade in a single dyebath with textile dyes, the improvement wherein said film comprises (a) between about 25% and 98% of a cured elastomeric polymer based upon the total Weight of compound solids in the film, in admixture with as a dye acceptor (b) between about one part and 15 parts of dextrin based upon 100 parts of dry rubber of said elastorubber, nitrile rubber, carboxylated nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, and acrylic polymer.
  • a method of preparing a dyed rubber coated textile fabric comprising applying a compounded latex containing between about 25% and 98% of an elastomeric polymer based upon the total weight of compound solids to a textile fabric substrate, drying and vulcanizing said latex thereon to form an elastomeric film, and subjecting said latex coated textile fabric to a subsequent dyeing treatment with a textile dye, the improvement comprising incorporating into said compounded latex as a dye acceptor between about 1 part and 15 parts of dextrin based upon 100 parts of elastomer polymer whereby said elastomeric film and said textile fabric substrate are dyed to substantially the same shade in a single dyebath.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
US594999A 1966-11-17 1966-11-17 Dyeable dextrin-modified latex treated article Expired - Lifetime US3508854A (en)

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US59499966A 1966-11-17 1966-11-17

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US3508854A true US3508854A (en) 1970-04-28

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US (1) US3508854A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE706705A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1719285A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1198302A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6715327A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775046A (en) * 1971-11-05 1973-11-27 Agriculture Process for producing varicolored fabrics via the selective dyeing of cellulosic fabrics with different dye types
US3800375A (en) * 1971-11-05 1974-04-02 Us Agriculture Cross dyeing fiber blends of polyurethane, polyacrylate or butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer coated cotton fibers with disperse and reactive dyes
US3853459A (en) * 1971-11-05 1974-12-10 Us Agriculture Process for dyeing crosslinked cellulosic fabrics with disperse dyestuffs
EP2578746A1 (en) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-10 Styron Europe GmbH Carpet backing adhesive

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB493915A (en) * 1937-04-15 1938-10-17 George Holland Ellis Improvements in or relating to the treatment of textile materials
US2155326A (en) * 1936-12-17 1939-04-18 Collway Colors Inc Dispersible color compositions
US3138431A (en) * 1960-04-21 1964-06-23 Us Rubber Co Dyeable rubber coated fabrics

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2155326A (en) * 1936-12-17 1939-04-18 Collway Colors Inc Dispersible color compositions
GB493915A (en) * 1937-04-15 1938-10-17 George Holland Ellis Improvements in or relating to the treatment of textile materials
US3138431A (en) * 1960-04-21 1964-06-23 Us Rubber Co Dyeable rubber coated fabrics

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775046A (en) * 1971-11-05 1973-11-27 Agriculture Process for producing varicolored fabrics via the selective dyeing of cellulosic fabrics with different dye types
US3800375A (en) * 1971-11-05 1974-04-02 Us Agriculture Cross dyeing fiber blends of polyurethane, polyacrylate or butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer coated cotton fibers with disperse and reactive dyes
US3853459A (en) * 1971-11-05 1974-12-10 Us Agriculture Process for dyeing crosslinked cellulosic fabrics with disperse dyestuffs
EP2578746A1 (en) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-10 Styron Europe GmbH Carpet backing adhesive
WO2013050217A1 (en) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-11 Styron Europe Gmbh Carpet backing adhesive

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1719285A1 (de) 1970-08-27
BE706705A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-05-17
NL6715327A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-05-20
DE1719285C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-12-20
GB1198302A (en) 1970-07-08

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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:UNIROYAL, INC., A NEW YORK CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004488/0204

Effective date: 19851027

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Effective date: 19870130