US3507943A - Method for rolling nonwoven fabrics - Google Patents

Method for rolling nonwoven fabrics Download PDF

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US3507943A
US3507943A US524931A US3507943DA US3507943A US 3507943 A US3507943 A US 3507943A US 524931 A US524931 A US 524931A US 3507943D A US3507943D A US 3507943DA US 3507943 A US3507943 A US 3507943A
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roll
rolls
fibers
lands
areas
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US524931A
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John J Such
Arthur R Olson
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Kendall Co
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Kendall Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C23/00—Making patterns or designs on fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/544—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C23/00—Making patterns or designs on fabrics
    • D06C23/04—Making patterns or designs on fabrics by shrinking, embossing, moiréing, or crêping
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C2700/00—Finishing or decoration of textile materials, except for bleaching, dyeing, printing, mercerising, washing or fulling
    • D06C2700/31—Methods for making patterns on fabrics, e.g. by application of powder dye, moiréing, embossing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24826—Spot bonds connect components

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods of reforming sheets of deformable textile fibrous material by permanently displacing and rearranging at least a part of the fibrous substance to provide a set of discrete, spaced-apart rearranged areas, and to certain products produced by such methods.
  • deformable textile fibrous sheet materials are fibrous webs, particularly those with a certain percentage of thermoplastic fibers; fibrous webs containing a plastic bonding material in either set or unset condition; and woven or knitted fabrics, including fabrics treated or coated with organic polymeric material, such as artificial leather or adhesive tape.
  • Various embodiments of such textile materials may be used alone, or in laminated combination with other sheet materials such as polymeric organic films or paper.
  • a raised area on one roll may be designed to register with an intaglio or depressed area on the other roll.
  • proper and exact synchronization of both rolls is essential to provide proper registry of the pattern, which is difficult and expensive to maintain. It is common practice in the commercial embossing art, therefore, to reproduce all of the desired pattern on just one roll, and to process the sheet material between such a roll and a plain, non-patterned roll, such a plain roll varying in hardness from rubber to metal depending on the particular pattern to be embossed.
  • This chief disadvantage of such a process is that the pattern, being impressed by one roll, appears prominent and well-defined only on one face of the material.
  • FIGURE 1 is a view, partly broken away, of a preferred apparatus suitable for carrying out the process of this invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a stylized representation of the type of pattern produced by the apparatus of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is an alternative pair of rolls for carrying out the process of the invention, explained in detail below.
  • FIGURE 4 is a rearrangement by rotation of the rolls of FIGURE 3.
  • FIGURE 5 is a partly broken-away view of another pair of embossing rolls useful in the practice of this invention, in which the angular pitch and direction of both rolls is the same, but the land and groove width on one roll is twice the land and groove width on the other roll, and both rolls have their lands and grooves arranged in our preferred helical pattern.
  • FIGURE 6 represent the stylized pressure-pattern produced by the rolls of FIGURE 3.
  • FIGURE 7 is a partly broken-away view of another pair of rolls suitable for use in this invention, with an upper helically-engraved roll and a lower roll with circumferential lands and grooves.
  • FIGURE 8 represents the stylized pressure-pattern produced by the rolls of FIGURE 5.
  • FIGURE 9 is a partly broken-away view of still another pair of rolls useful in the practice of this invention.
  • FIGURE 10 represents the stylized pressure-pattern produced by the rolls of FIGURE 7.
  • FIGURE 11 is a view of either surface of one product of this invention.
  • FIGURE 12 is a cross-sectional view of the product of FIGURE 9.
  • FIGURE 13 is a view of the surface of a spot-bonded nonwoven fabric made according to the process of this invention.
  • FIGURE 14 is a view of the bottom surface of a piece of fabric-backed adhesive tape apertured by the process of this invention.
  • FIGURE 15 is a view of an apertured nonwoven fabric, also made according to the process of this invention.
  • FIGURES 2, 6, 8, and 10 By the term stylized in the references to FIGURES 2, 6, 8, and 10, it is meant that these are idealized tracings of the pressure areas as made by passing a sheet of paper and carbon paper through the apparatus. In dealing with the aperturing of nonwoven fabrics, for instance, it will be appreciated that the apertures may be somewhat oval in nature, due to plastic flow and plastic memory inherent in the fibrous sheet.
  • this invention resides in the pressure-deformation and rearrangement of deformable textile sheet material as set forth above through a pair of rolls each of which is engraved in a series of lands and grooves, preferably with at least one of the pair of rolls bearing a land-groove pattern in the form of a series of helices forming a pattern of continuous lands and grooves.
  • a repeating pattern of pressure areas wherein the fibers are permanently displaced, such areas varying from condensed areas to actual apertures, of a generally quadrilateral configuration, formed by the traverse of a land area on one roll over a land area of the other roll, as the rolls are caused to rotate.
  • the shape and spacing of the pressure areas will vary with the configuration of the rolls, as set forth more fully hereinbelow.
  • FIGURE 1 which comprises a pair of metal rolls and 12 each engraved with what we herein term a helical pattern of lands 14 and grooves 16.
  • Rolls 10 and 12 are provided with journals 18 and 20, and are also preferably provided with heavy backup rolls 22 and 24, for equalizing the pressure distribution and for minimizing bowing.
  • the journals 26 and 28 of the backup rolls, as well as the journals 18 and of the embossing rolls, are preferentially equipped with roller bearings, not shown.
  • Pressure may conveniently be applied by an air cylinder or similar device 36, transmitted to the journals by pillow-blocks 30 and 32, the latter resting on a solid bedplate 34. Journals and pillow blocks will be contained in a vertical casing, not shown.
  • the overall character of the fiber-displacement pattern will comprise three components: a highly compacted area 52 where a land has traversed a land: more lightly compressed areas 50 and 51 where a land on one roll has traversed a groove on the other roll; and a substantially unaffected area 48 where a groove on one roll has traversed a groove on the other roll.
  • the degree to which these areas are permanently impressed onto the deformable sheet material processed between such rolls will depend on the thickness of the sheet material, its nature, and the pressures and temperatures used in processing.
  • thin fibrous webs usually show a pattern of unconnected quadrilateral impressions which may be thinned out areas, or may be actual apertures, usually bordered by a ridge or grommet of film substance.
  • Such considerations pertain to the processing of nonwoven fabrics of the order of up to 0.005 inch in thickness and of generally light weight, up to 30 grams per square yard, as set forth in Examples 2 and 4 below.
  • the customarily expected pattern is one of heavily depressed areas lying within a trough of less depressed material, said troughs running diagonally across the deformed sheet and being separated by ridges of relatively undisplaced material, as shown in FIGURES 11 and 12 and explained in Example 1, If the fibrous sheet contains thermoplastic fibers or thermoplastic material dispersed therein, and if there is a temperature differential between the rolls 10 and 12, then there may be a difference in depth and in degree of permanence between a heated land on one roll traversing a groove on the other roll, and a cool land on the other roll traversing a groove on the one roll.
  • the semi-affected quadrilaterallyshaped areas 50 and 51 may differ slightly in nature. Such differences are also noticed in the processing of plastic masses laminated to fibrous sheet material, such as adhesive tapes, where various patterned or apertured pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes can be produced by the process of this invention, with the apertures either isolated and discrete, or connected by channels which facilitate the transmission of moisture and moisture vapor from aperture to apertur Especially in the case of adhesive tapes, the pattern impressed onto the product will vary not only with the physical variables of the apparatus, such as design, pressure and temperature, but with the properties of both the adhesive mass and of the backing, such as resilience, elastic memory, etc.
  • both upper roll 10 and lower roll 12 bear a pattern of lands and grooves in helical arrangement.
  • the lands 15 on upper and lower rolls 11 and 13 are shown as a spacer set of parallel ellipsoids extending equidistant from the axes of the rolls and in a plane which is inclined relative to the roll axes. So long as the register of the lands remains as shown in FIGURE 3, the desired intermittent pattern of pressure areas will be obtained. However, if either of the rolls 11 or 13 is rotated through the allipsoidal discs forming the lands on that roll will now be inclined in opposition to the other roll, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIGURE 5 represents a partly broken-away pair of rolls with the same helical pitch of 20 (20 lead), but with the lands 60 on the upper roll 62 twice the width of the lands 64 on the lower roll 66.
  • FIGURE 6 represents the displacement pattern created by passing a sheet of deformable material between the rolls of FIGURE 5, under pressure.
  • the elongated and skewed compressed areas thus obtained are the solid black areas 67 of maximum pressure, where a land on one roll has made a transient crossing of a land on the other roll: the lessseverely displaced dotted areas 68, where a land has crossed a groove; and the unshaded areas 69, where the material has been substantially unaffected by a groove crossing a groove.
  • FIGURE 7 represents a suitable pair of rolls where the upper roll 70 has lands 72 angularly oriented at a 45 pitch to the roll axis, to make contact with a lower roll 74 in which the lands 76 are circumferential, being oriented perpendicular to the roll axis, and are not connected, instead of being helically oriented.
  • FIGURE 8 the pressure-pattern diagram of FIGURE 7, the
  • dark areas 77, dotted areas 78, and unshaded areas 79 again represent the areas of maximum, intermediate, and minimum pressure, respectively.
  • the top roll 80 has lands 82 running at a 45 pitch in a northeast-southwest direction while the lands 86 of the bottom roll 84 are pitched at 26 in a northwest-southeast direction, the lands on the top roll being three times the width of the lands on the bottom roll.
  • FIGURE represents the displacement pattern produced by the rolls of FIGURE 9, wherein the particular angles and land-widths of the rolls gives rise to a set of elongated quadrilateral maximum pressure points 87, similar areas of unshaded minimum pressure 88, and areas of stippled intermediate pressure 89 the quadrilateral areas of maximum pressure 87 being bounded fully on each of their four sides by the quadrilateral areas 89 of intermediately compacted fibers and being contiguous at each of their apices with quadrilateral areas 88 of substantially uncompacted fibers.
  • the pitch of the lands on one roll should be selected in relation to the pitch of the lands on the other roll so that on the material being treated, the lines formed by one set of lands will intersect with the lines formed by the other set of lands at an acute angle which is at least
  • the surfaces of the lands in a pair of the grooved rolls of this invention may be considered to define the surfaces of a pair of coacting cylinders in which the sum of the radii of such cylinders is at no time greater than the distance between the centers of the cylinder axes.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A felted nonwoven fabric was prepared according to the procedure set-forth in US. Patent 2,774,128, consisting of a batt of eight superimposed card webs, the second and seventh card webs being composed of 85% bleached absorbent cotton fibers and 15% of 1% inch 1.5 denier polypropylene staple fibers. All other card webs were composed of 100% bleached absorbent cotton fibers. After shrinking the layered batt to an extent of 60% in refrigerated caustic, according to US. Patent 2,774,128, the result was a nonwoven felt weighing 120 grams per square yard, with all-cotton surfaces and center, but with a layer of blended cotton and polypropylene immediately underlying each cotton surface.
  • such a product may be used as a lithographic or general purpose wiping pad, like its all-cotton counterpart.
  • the material is smooth-faced, and lacks gripping action: it tends to ball up when used wet; and is has a dry crosswise tensile strength of only about 0.2 to 0.3 pound per inch-wide strip.
  • Felts consisting solely of cotton fibers may be processed under pressure to form a patterned or textured surface, but due to the rapid swelling which cotton fibers undergo when wet, an impressed pattern disappears rapidly when such a pad is wet out with water.
  • the dry felt containing polypropylene fibers thus prepared was therefore processed according to this invention by passing it through therolls of FIGURE 1, with both rolls heated to 440 F. A pressure corresponding to 94 pounds per inch of nip width was employed.
  • the result was a lithographic wiping pad of the general configuration shown in FIGURE 11 and in cross-section in FIGURE 12, both magnified about 11 times, wherein diagonal ribs of uncompressed cotton fibers 58 are alternated with trough-like grooves 56, the general pattern being unified by the high pressure areas 61.
  • the machine direction is from left to right.
  • These areas 61 represent the spots 52 of FIGURE 2, where maximum pressure was exerted by the lands of the heated rolls crossing each other.
  • the polypropylene fibers are fused together within the interior of the felt, thus serving to render the alternating ridge-and-trough pattern insensitive to water. That is, when patterns of this sort are developed by pressure alone on pure cotton felts, the pattern is clear and prominent on the dry material, but disappears when the swelling action of water disrupts the transient cellulose-to-cellulose bonds thus established. For many types of lithographic work, and for general application, distribution, and removal of aqueous and other solutions, a certain degree of surface roughness or corrugated pattern is desirable.
  • the practice of this invention on a mixed-fiber felt of the type set forth above results in a wiping pad which consists in dominant proportion of absorbent fibers, is soft, conformable, and lintfree, yet possesses a functional corrugated surface which maintains its character even when wet out with swelling agents.
  • the dry cross strength of the embossed product is about 1.4 pounds per inch-wide strip, or about six times the strength of the unembossed felt.
  • thermoplastic fiber may be sandwiched between two layers of all-cotton felt made in accordance with US. Patent 2,528,793, and the sandwiched passed through the procedure of Example 1.
  • Useful products similar in appearance to FIGURE 11 may also be made from batts of fibers, such as nylon or polyester fibers, which are not normally regarded as thermoplastic, as illustrated by the following example.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A batt of 3 denier 1 /2 inch nylon staple fibers was processed through the apparatus of FIGURE 1 at a pressure of 125 pounds per inch width of nip, and with both rolls heated to 420 F. The resulting product was similar to FIGURE 11, with the quadrilateral areas 61 of maximum pressure converted to unbroken but translucent windows of fused fiber substance. The presence of over of these fused spots per square inch serves to unify the nylon batt without the use of extraneous binder material, making a nylon felt of this character useful as a battery separator in alkaline batteries. Greater strength and decreased porosity may be achieved, if desired, by placing a film of cellophane or other film-forming material in the interior of the nylon batt prior to passing the assembly between the rolls.
  • EXAMPLE 3 Using the same pair of rolls as in Example 1, a card web consisting of 3 denier polypropylene fibers 1% inches long, weighing about 10 grams per square yard, was processed at a pressure of 94 pounds per inch of nip width, with the top roll heated to about 340 F. and the bottom roll heated to 240 F. The result was the spot-bonded, open, porous nonwoven fabric of FIGURE 13, which is magnified about 35 times. In FIGURE 13, the polypropylene fibers 71 are fused together locally in a set of discrete spaced-apart areas 73, which in the actual fabric, using the roll specifications set forth above, were about inch apart.
  • the process of this invention in general effects a pattern only in a set of such unified areas where a land on one roll crosses a land on the other roll, the land-groove and groove-groove combinations being substantially ineffective in altering the inter-fiber relationships.
  • the fiber segments lying between the bonded areas 73 are therefore in a soft, flexible and unfused condition, except for the intermittent appearance of fused fiber nodes 75, appearing on one surface of the web.
  • Such nodes are formed because although the fibers 71 in FIGURE 13 are represented as being disposed in a two-dimensional plane, actually there is a minor but definite third dimension of thickness in any carded web of fibers. Certain fiber segments and fiber ends may be considered as being oriented in a path which carries them above and below the two-dimensional plane of FIGURE 13. It has been our experience that when one roll is heated sufficiently to fuse the fibers, with the other roll below the fusion point, as in this example, those segments of the thermosensitive fibers which protrude appreciably out of the plane of the web toward the more strongly heated roll are fused into small nodes or nodules 75.
  • thermosensitive fibers are thus affected, nor is more than a quite minor part of the length of any one thermosensitive fiber involved, but the summation of the effects of such nodes, considering that FIGURE 13 represents about one onehundredth of a square inch, is to impart a distinctly harsh, rasping and dragging hand or feel to the face of the web which has been processed next to the hotter roll, while the face which was against the cooler roll remains soft and smooth to the touch.
  • the nonwoven fabric thus produced has one surface of smooth soft fiber segments lying between spaced-apart discrete areas, extending substantially through the entire thickness of the fabric, where the intercrossing thermosensitive fibers are fused together, while the other face of the fabric is additionally characterized by a randomly-spaced set of nodes or nodules of fused fiber substance, amounting to over one hundred of such minute points per square inch, which impart a harsh and rasping hand thereto, and a high degree of frictional engagement toward other fabrics or fibrous assemblies.
  • thermoplastic fibers such as polyethylene, vinyl fibers, plasticized cellulose acetate, and other synthetic fibers which can be thermally bonded to each other or to other fibers at temperatures below their decomposition points.
  • spot-bonded nonwoven fabrics by the process of this invention which contain 25%, 50%, or thermoplastic fibers, the balance being, for example, viscose fibers, or any other fiber selected for a particular property in the final nonwoven fabric.
  • Fibrous webs containing thermoplastic fibers can, by the process of this invention, be laminated to films, to paper, to fabrics, to other nonwoven fabrics, or a multiplicity of such fibrous webs, of varying composition if desired, may be bonded together.
  • EXAMPLE 4 A further example of the utility of the process of this invention is in the preparation of porous pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes, capable of transmitting moisture vapor therethrough and thereby diminishing the skin maceration which frequently accompanies the use of occlusive, moisture-impervious tapes.
  • the gravity of dermal reactions to impervious tapes is evidenced by the numerous attempts which have been made to render tapes permeable, as by perforating the tape mechanically with a series of relatively large holes; or by printing the adhesive onto a porous backing in the form of disconnected spots as in US. Patent 2,940,868; by coating With adhesive a perforated film as in U.S. Patent 3,073,303; or by embossing a tape on the adhesive side with a patterned roll which carries a set of raised areas which displace the adhesive under pressure, as in US. Patent 3,073,304.
  • a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape was made employing an acetate satin fabric base, 225 ends and 78 warp yarns per inch, weighing 3.57 yards per pound. This fabric was solvent-coated with a heptane solution of a commercial pressure-sensitive adhesive mass comprising pale crepe rubber, tackifier resins, fillers, and age-resistors.
  • the tape thus prepared was passed through the nip created by the patterned rolls 10 and 12 of FIGURE 1, at a pressure of 94 pounds per inch width of nip.
  • the adhesive face of the tape was exposed to the top roll, heated to 425 F., while the cloth face pressed against the bottom roll, heated to 440 F.
  • the adhesive face of the resulting product is shown in FIGURE 14, the machine direction again being from left to right.
  • the adhesive mass has been displaced into a set of continuous transverse ridges 81, about 0.010 inch thick, running diagonally and uninterruptedly from one selvage edge of the fabric to the other.
  • a set of grooves 83 In regular alternation with these ridges, and similarly spaced and oriented, is a set of grooves 83, in which the mass is about 0.005 inch thick.
  • a set of quadrilaterally-shaped aperture 85 Regularly spaced in these grooves or troughs 83 is a set of quadrilaterally-shaped aperture 85, corresponding to a land on one roll crossing a land on the other roll as at 52 of FIGURE 2, in which apertures the acetate backing fabric has been crushed and moved aside so that there is no substance therein, under the particular pressures employed.
  • Porous adhesive tapes prepared in this manner have several advantages over prior-art tapes. First, they are characterized by a series of continuous diagonal ridges of adhesive mass, the continuity of said ridges providing a greater holding power than prior art patterns in which the adhesive is printed in a pattern of isolated spots or areas which are completely surrounded by areas containing no adhesive. Second, the actual apertures 86 are interconnected, along any one trough, by areas in which the adhesive is only about one-half as thick as the adhesive on the ridges, thus providing auxiliary paths for moisture vapor from the skin to be transmitted to the air.
  • Such an interconnection of apertures through a channeled adhesive mass allows fewer apertures to vent more moisture than is the case where individual apertures are underlaid by an encircling grommet of adhesive mass, and thereby allows the preservation of a higher proportion of the tensile strength of the backing material.
  • Apertured nonwoven fabrics are those in which a portion of the fibers of an unspun and unwoven web, comprising textile-length fibers, are displaced from their normal overlapping and intermingled relationship to form a spaced set of apertures or areas which are essentially devoid of fibers, thus lending to the nonwoven fabric the appearance of certain woven fabrics.
  • Such apertured nonwoven fabrics are described in U.S. Patents 3,137,893 and 3,150,416, among others, and are of recognized utility as pad covering materials, surgical dressings, disposable towels, and the like.
  • FIGURE 15 The final product is represented by FIGURE 15, magnified about times, wherein the apertured nonwoven fabric 90 consists of a web of rayon fibers 92, marked by a pattern of generally quadrilaterally-shaped apertures 94-, said apertures being essentially devoid of fiber substance.
  • the apertures occur where a land on the top roll traverses a land on the bottom roll, corresponding to the areas 52 of FIGURE 2.
  • the land-groove coaction 50 of FIGURE 2 is not apparent, and the apertured nonwoven product is essentially planar and unmarked by transverse ridges or grooves.
  • the apertures 94 of FIGURE 15 are characterized by a rim or grommet of displaced fiber segments 96, apparently due to the shearing action of the traverse of land over land having aggregated said fiber segments. Such a traverse is initiated at a point, proceeds to its maximum width, and then recedes to a point again as the characteristic quadrilateral shape is generated. Especially when wet, textile fibers are somewhat plastic and are displaced to one side to form the reinforcing fibrous rims 96. This effect is a local displacement confined to the peripheries of the apertures, and the characteristic card web configuration of the fibers lying between the apertures is essentially undisturbed. Each reinforcing fibrous rim surrounding an aperture is therefore independent, and the rims defining the apertures are interconnected only by unrearranged fiber segments.
  • EXAMPLE 6 A card web of 1.5 denier inch viscose rayon, weighing 12. grams per square yard, was saturated with 25% of its weight of an acrylic binder and dried, in the conventional manner used for preparing bonded nonwoven fabrics. The bonded material was then wet out with water, adjusted to about 200% water pickup, and then run through the apparatus of FIGURE 1 at a nip pressure of 125 pounds per inch of nip width with both rolls heated to 430 F. The result was an apertured nonwoven fabric resembling the material of Example 4 made from rayon fibers run through the apparatus while wet with binder solution.
  • mixed fiber webs can also be apertured by the process of this invention: that is, webs which contain a certain proportion of themo'plastic binder fibers such as polypropylene, vinyl fibers, or plasticized acetate fibers, mixed with nonbinder fibers.
  • the apertured felts are thus produced of interesting surface texture, with a twill-like structure, but the mechanical integrity and resistance to rupture of the product is of a very high order in view of the essentially soft and conformable nature of the material.
  • the preparation of such an apertured felt is set forth in the following example.
  • EXAMPLE 7 A blend of bleached absorbent cotton fibers with 25% 1.5 denier 1.5 inch polypropylene fibers was carded to give a fibrous batt weighing grams per square yard. This fibrous batt was then passed through the apparatus of FIGURE 1, with both rolls heated to 450 F. and under a pressure of pounds per inch of nip. The resulting apertured felt resembled the product of FIGURE 11, wherein the quadrilateral areas 61 were actual apertures devoid of fibers, interconnected by diagonal trough-like depressed areas 56, and with the depressed areas 56 separated by soft, uncondensed ribbed diagonal stripes 58, so that a twill effect was prominent.
  • the measured thickness of 60 thousandths of an inch represents a bulk density, for this weight of web, of 1.1 grams per cubic inch or 0.070 gram per cubic centimeter.
  • This open structure enables the fabric to take up relatively large amounts of liquid, as high as 11 to 12 times its own weight, as determined in a standard test in which the product is immersed in water for 2 minutes, drained for 2 minutes, and weighed.
  • Carded structures of blended fibers similar to the above have been made in a range of Weights from 40 to 12.0 grams .per square yard and with binder fiber fractions from 0.10 to 0.50, and non-binder fibers other than bleached cotton, including viscose rayon, and Dynel (Union Carbides modified acrylic fiber).
  • binder fiber fractions from 0.10 to 0.50
  • non-binder fibers other than bleached cotton including viscose rayon, and Dynel (Union Carbides modified acrylic fiber).
  • the resulting apertured felts have a combination softness, conformability and resilience which makes them suitable for interlining use.
  • the size and spacing of the aperture made by the process of this invention may readily be varied by changing the dimensions, spacing, and orientation of the lands and grooves on the forming rolls.
  • an acceptable range of aperture size seems to be from 0.03 to 0.125 inch in the long diameter of the aperture, at a spacing of from 0.25 and 0.50 inch on centers.
  • the average fiber length is at least eight times the maximum width of an aperture, though products of a special nature may demand departure from these dimensional characteristics.
  • One roll has a helical pattern of lands and grooves angularly disposed to the roll axis at less than 90, and the other roll a pattern of lands and grooves which are perpendicular to the roll axis.
  • thermoplastic fibers in which process at least one of the rolls is heated sufiiciently to activate the thermoplastic fibers.
  • thermoplastic fibers in which at least one of the rolls is heated sufiiciently to activate the thermoplastic fibers.
  • thermoplastic fibers are polypropylene and the absorbent fibers are viscose rayon.
  • the method of producing a laminated textile article which comprises forming at least one sheet of unspun and unwoven intermingled fibers of textile length, comprising thermoplastic fibers, plying at least one sheet of said fibers with at least one substrate layer, passing the assembly between a pair of non-meshing and non-interpenetrating rigid rolls rotating in opposite directions, at least one of said rolls being heated, said rolls being engraved in a pattern of land and grooves, the sum of the radii of said rolls being at no time greater than the distance between their axes, the lands and grooves on at least one roll being angularly disposed to the central axis of the roll at an angle of less than a segment only of any land area on one of said rolls transiently traversing a segment of a land area on the other of said rolls, without synchronization of the lands and grooves of the opposing rolls, whereby maximum pressure is exerted on said assembly at a set of discrete and spaced-apart points, intermediate pressure is exerted where a land on one
  • the method according to claim substrate is a woven fabric.
  • the method according to claim substrate is a film.
  • the method according to claim substrate is a paper.
  • the method according to claim substrate is a bonded nonwoven fabric.
  • the method according to claim substrate is an unbonded fibrous fleece.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US524931A 1965-10-04 1966-02-03 Method for rolling nonwoven fabrics Expired - Lifetime US3507943A (en)

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US49264465A 1965-10-04 1965-10-04
US52493166A 1966-02-03 1966-02-03

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US3507943A true US3507943A (en) 1970-04-21

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BR (1) BR6683396D0 (ja)
CH (2) CH498234A (ja)
DE (1) DE1635231B2 (ja)
ES (1) ES331850A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR1495822A (ja)
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US3898311A (en) * 1969-07-24 1975-08-05 Kendall & Co Method of making low-density nonwoven fabrics
US3949130A (en) * 1974-01-04 1976-04-06 Tuff Spun Products, Inc. Spun bonded fabric, and articles made therefrom
US3973063A (en) * 1974-11-21 1976-08-03 Mobil Oil Corporation Spot blocked thermoplastic film laminate
US4005169A (en) * 1974-04-26 1977-01-25 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Non-woven fabrics
US4128612A (en) * 1974-04-19 1978-12-05 American Cyanamid Company Making absorbable surgical felt
US4128679A (en) * 1971-11-17 1978-12-05 Firma Carl Freudenberg Soft, non-woven fabrics and process for their manufacture
US4275105A (en) * 1978-06-16 1981-06-23 The Buckeye Cellulose Corporation Stabilized rayon web and structures made therefrom
EP0170629A2 (en) * 1984-08-01 1986-02-05 SILENT GLISS CASA S.r.l. Process for cutting and finishing curtains for baths or showers, and curtains obtained by the process
US4573203A (en) * 1982-06-14 1986-02-25 Paramount Packaging Corp. Reusable plastic bag with loop handle
US4713839A (en) * 1982-06-14 1987-12-15 Paramount Packaging Corp. Resealable reusable flexible plastic bag with loop handle
US4888145A (en) * 1982-09-23 1989-12-19 Dynamit Nobel Ag Process for producing a synthetic resin sheet, especially for a multicolor pattern
JPH02133643A (ja) * 1988-11-11 1990-05-22 James River Corp:The 不織複合材料
US5143774A (en) * 1989-09-01 1992-09-01 Clopay Corporation Nonwoven fibrous embossed plastic film
US5366782A (en) * 1992-08-25 1994-11-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Polymeric web having deformed sections which provide a substantially increased elasticity to the web
US5425162A (en) * 1993-11-22 1995-06-20 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus to create an improved moire' fabric
EP0687757A2 (en) 1994-06-15 1995-12-20 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product and process for making same
US5496603A (en) * 1992-02-03 1996-03-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Nonwoven sheet materials, tapes and methods
US5580418A (en) * 1992-11-06 1996-12-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for making film laminated material
US5613942A (en) * 1994-10-04 1997-03-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Adhesive sheet material suitable for use on wet surfaces
US5631073A (en) * 1992-02-03 1997-05-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Nonwoven sheet materials, tapes and methods
US5667619A (en) * 1992-11-06 1997-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making a fibrous laminated web
US5679190A (en) * 1992-02-03 1997-10-21 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of making nonwoven sheet materials, tapes
US5763041A (en) * 1995-12-21 1998-06-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Laminate material
EP0863240A1 (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-09 Uni-Charm Corporation Wiping sheet and production thereof
US5814390A (en) * 1995-06-30 1998-09-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Creased nonwoven web with stretch and recovery
US5817394A (en) * 1993-11-08 1998-10-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Fibrous laminated web and method and apparatus for making the same and absorbent articles incorporating the same
US5830555A (en) * 1994-06-15 1998-11-03 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product and process for making same
US5851935A (en) * 1996-08-29 1998-12-22 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Cross-directionally stretchable elastomeric fabric laminated by thermal spot bonding
US5931823A (en) * 1997-03-31 1999-08-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. High permeability liner with improved intake and distribution
US6025050A (en) * 1994-06-15 2000-02-15 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Thermally appertured nonwoven laminates for wipes and coverstock for hygienic articles
US6075682A (en) * 1998-07-08 2000-06-13 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Diskette liner with film and web layers
US6383958B1 (en) 1999-06-18 2002-05-07 David P. Swanson Nonwoven sheets, adhesive articles, and methods for making the same
US6638605B1 (en) 1999-11-16 2003-10-28 Allegiance Corporation Intermittently bonded nonwoven disposable surgical laminates
WO2004044298A1 (en) 2002-11-13 2004-05-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Nonwoven wipe with resilient wet thickness
US20040198124A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2004-10-07 Polanco Braulio A. High loft low density nonwoven webs of crimped filaments and methods of making same
US20040224136A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2004-11-11 L. Warren Collier Strong high loft low density nonwoven webs and laminates thereof
US20060128247A1 (en) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Embossed nonwoven fabric
US20060178652A1 (en) * 2005-02-09 2006-08-10 Miller Robert A Iii Incontinence pad and apparel formed therewith
EP1712667A1 (en) 2005-04-11 2006-10-18 Pantex Sud S.r.l. Società Unipersonale Method for producing a nonwoven fabric and a product obtained with said method
CN100348793C (zh) * 2002-11-19 2007-11-14 花王株式会社 吸收性制品的表面片材
US20090247977A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2009-10-01 Tomonari Takeuchi Body Fluid Absorbent Article and Producing Method Thereof
EP2058116A3 (de) * 2007-11-07 2012-03-21 a&n&a Nord-Süd Industrie Vertriebs GmbH & Co.KG Geprägter Vliesstoff
GB2484369A (en) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-11 Concepts 4 Success Apparatus for consolidating one of more web containing thermoplastic material by plastic deformation
ITMI20110561A1 (it) * 2011-04-06 2012-10-07 Comerio Ercole Spa Metodo ed apparato di laminazione a caldo per unire per zone strati di materiali termoplastici
CN106164010A (zh) * 2014-09-30 2016-11-23 积水化学工业株式会社 夹层玻璃用中间膜及夹层玻璃
IT201700034587A1 (it) * 2017-03-29 2018-09-29 Comerio Ercole Spa Impianto e metodo di calandratura per la fabbricazione di non tessuti forati per prodotti assorbenti multistrato
IT201900003719A1 (it) 2019-03-14 2020-09-14 Futura Spa Calandra per il trattamento di materiali nastriformi.
IT201900003707A1 (it) 2019-03-14 2020-09-14 Futura Spa Calandra per il trattamento di materiali nastriformi.
IT201900003713A1 (it) 2019-03-14 2020-09-14 Futura Spa Calandra per il trattamento di materiali nastriformi.
CN112226909A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-01-15 蚌埠泰鑫材料技术有限公司 一种熔喷布输送分切收卷生产线
US11078383B2 (en) 2017-08-25 2021-08-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Adhesive articles permitting damage free removal
IT202100005897A1 (it) 2021-03-12 2022-09-12 Futura Spa Calandra e metodo per il trattamento di materiali nastriformi.
WO2023019342A1 (en) * 2021-08-17 2023-02-23 Ft Synthetics Inc. Embossed non-woven fabric for underlayments
IT202200020139A1 (it) * 2022-09-30 2024-03-30 Futura Spa Processo per la produzione di materiali in tessuto-non tessuto multi-strato.
IT202200020136A1 (it) * 2022-09-30 2024-03-30 Futura Spa Processo per la produzione di materiali in tessuto-non tessuto a singolo strato.

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US4088726A (en) * 1974-04-26 1978-05-09 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Method of making non-woven fabrics
GB1499178A (en) * 1975-04-17 1978-01-25 Ici Ltd Segmentally bonded non-woven fabrics
US4211227A (en) * 1978-07-03 1980-07-08 The Kendall Company Surgical sponge material
DE3316431A1 (de) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-08 Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf Hygienevlies und verfahren zum herstellen des vlieses
DE3700609A1 (de) * 1987-01-10 1988-07-21 Corovin Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verfestigen eines faservlieses
DE19755596C1 (de) * 1997-12-15 1999-02-18 Kuesters Eduard Maschf Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Perforieren thermoplastischer Vliese
DE10103627B4 (de) * 2001-01-27 2007-11-15 Sandler Ag Vliesstoff mit Struktur
ATE481066T1 (de) * 2001-04-20 2010-10-15 Procter & Gamble Selbstklebende faserbahn mit wellen
JP6491443B2 (ja) * 2014-09-12 2019-03-27 旭化成パックス株式会社 穿孔装置

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Cited By (74)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898311A (en) * 1969-07-24 1975-08-05 Kendall & Co Method of making low-density nonwoven fabrics
US4128679A (en) * 1971-11-17 1978-12-05 Firma Carl Freudenberg Soft, non-woven fabrics and process for their manufacture
US3949130A (en) * 1974-01-04 1976-04-06 Tuff Spun Products, Inc. Spun bonded fabric, and articles made therefrom
US4128612A (en) * 1974-04-19 1978-12-05 American Cyanamid Company Making absorbable surgical felt
US4005169A (en) * 1974-04-26 1977-01-25 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Non-woven fabrics
US3973063A (en) * 1974-11-21 1976-08-03 Mobil Oil Corporation Spot blocked thermoplastic film laminate
US4275105A (en) * 1978-06-16 1981-06-23 The Buckeye Cellulose Corporation Stabilized rayon web and structures made therefrom
US4713839A (en) * 1982-06-14 1987-12-15 Paramount Packaging Corp. Resealable reusable flexible plastic bag with loop handle
US4573203A (en) * 1982-06-14 1986-02-25 Paramount Packaging Corp. Reusable plastic bag with loop handle
US4888145A (en) * 1982-09-23 1989-12-19 Dynamit Nobel Ag Process for producing a synthetic resin sheet, especially for a multicolor pattern
EP0170629A2 (en) * 1984-08-01 1986-02-05 SILENT GLISS CASA S.r.l. Process for cutting and finishing curtains for baths or showers, and curtains obtained by the process
EP0170629A3 (en) * 1984-08-01 1987-03-25 SILENT GLISS CASA S.r.l. Process for cutting and finishing curtains for baths or showers, and curtains obtained by the process
JPH02133643A (ja) * 1988-11-11 1990-05-22 James River Corp:The 不織複合材料
US5143774A (en) * 1989-09-01 1992-09-01 Clopay Corporation Nonwoven fibrous embossed plastic film
US5496603A (en) * 1992-02-03 1996-03-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Nonwoven sheet materials, tapes and methods
US5679190A (en) * 1992-02-03 1997-10-21 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of making nonwoven sheet materials, tapes
US5631073A (en) * 1992-02-03 1997-05-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Nonwoven sheet materials, tapes and methods
US5366782A (en) * 1992-08-25 1994-11-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Polymeric web having deformed sections which provide a substantially increased elasticity to the web
US5667619A (en) * 1992-11-06 1997-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making a fibrous laminated web
US5580418A (en) * 1992-11-06 1996-12-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for making film laminated material
US5667625A (en) * 1992-11-06 1997-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus for forming a fibrous laminated material
US5817394A (en) * 1993-11-08 1998-10-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Fibrous laminated web and method and apparatus for making the same and absorbent articles incorporating the same
US5425162A (en) * 1993-11-22 1995-06-20 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus to create an improved moire' fabric
US5567501A (en) * 1994-06-15 1996-10-22 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product
US6025050A (en) * 1994-06-15 2000-02-15 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Thermally appertured nonwoven laminates for wipes and coverstock for hygienic articles
EP0687757A2 (en) 1994-06-15 1995-12-20 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product and process for making same
US5656119A (en) * 1994-06-15 1997-08-12 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product and process for making same
US5830555A (en) * 1994-06-15 1998-11-03 International Paper Company Thermally apertured nonwoven product and process for making same
US5613942A (en) * 1994-10-04 1997-03-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Adhesive sheet material suitable for use on wet surfaces
US5814390A (en) * 1995-06-30 1998-09-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Creased nonwoven web with stretch and recovery
US5763041A (en) * 1995-12-21 1998-06-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Laminate material
US5851935A (en) * 1996-08-29 1998-12-22 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Cross-directionally stretchable elastomeric fabric laminated by thermal spot bonding
KR100525981B1 (ko) * 1997-03-07 2006-02-28 유니챰 가부시키가이샤 와이프시트및그제조방법
EP0863240A1 (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-09 Uni-Charm Corporation Wiping sheet and production thereof
US6054202A (en) * 1997-03-07 2000-04-25 Uni-Charm Corporation Wiping sheet and production thereof
US5931823A (en) * 1997-03-31 1999-08-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. High permeability liner with improved intake and distribution
US6075682A (en) * 1998-07-08 2000-06-13 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. Diskette liner with film and web layers
US6383958B1 (en) 1999-06-18 2002-05-07 David P. Swanson Nonwoven sheets, adhesive articles, and methods for making the same
US6638605B1 (en) 1999-11-16 2003-10-28 Allegiance Corporation Intermittently bonded nonwoven disposable surgical laminates
US7258758B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2007-08-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Strong high loft low density nonwoven webs and laminates thereof
US20040198124A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2004-10-07 Polanco Braulio A. High loft low density nonwoven webs of crimped filaments and methods of making same
US20040224136A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2004-11-11 L. Warren Collier Strong high loft low density nonwoven webs and laminates thereof
US20050098256A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2005-05-12 Polanco Braulio A. High loft low density nonwoven webs of crimped filaments and methods of making same
US7291239B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2007-11-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. High loft low density nonwoven webs of crimped filaments and methods of making same
WO2004044298A1 (en) 2002-11-13 2004-05-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Nonwoven wipe with resilient wet thickness
CN100348793C (zh) * 2002-11-19 2007-11-14 花王株式会社 吸收性制品的表面片材
US8859844B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2014-10-14 Diao Paper Corporation Sanitary napkin with a tow fiber assembly
US20090247977A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2009-10-01 Tomonari Takeuchi Body Fluid Absorbent Article and Producing Method Thereof
US20060128247A1 (en) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Embossed nonwoven fabric
US20090123707A1 (en) * 2004-12-14 2009-05-14 Henry Skoog Embossed Nonwoven Fabric
US8425729B2 (en) 2004-12-14 2013-04-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Embossed nonwoven fabric
US20060178652A1 (en) * 2005-02-09 2006-08-10 Miller Robert A Iii Incontinence pad and apparel formed therewith
EP1712667A1 (en) 2005-04-11 2006-10-18 Pantex Sud S.r.l. Società Unipersonale Method for producing a nonwoven fabric and a product obtained with said method
EP2058116A3 (de) * 2007-11-07 2012-03-21 a&n&a Nord-Süd Industrie Vertriebs GmbH & Co.KG Geprägter Vliesstoff
GB2484369A (en) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-11 Concepts 4 Success Apparatus for consolidating one of more web containing thermoplastic material by plastic deformation
GB2484366A (en) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-11 Concepts For Success Apparatus for consolidating one of more web containing thermoplastic material by plastic deformation
ITMI20110561A1 (it) * 2011-04-06 2012-10-07 Comerio Ercole Spa Metodo ed apparato di laminazione a caldo per unire per zone strati di materiali termoplastici
US11247436B2 (en) * 2014-09-30 2022-02-15 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Laminated glass intermediate film and laminated glass
CN106164010A (zh) * 2014-09-30 2016-11-23 积水化学工业株式会社 夹层玻璃用中间膜及夹层玻璃
US20170203536A1 (en) * 2014-09-30 2017-07-20 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Laminated glass intermediate film and laminated glass
IT201700034587A1 (it) * 2017-03-29 2018-09-29 Comerio Ercole Spa Impianto e metodo di calandratura per la fabbricazione di non tessuti forati per prodotti assorbenti multistrato
US11078383B2 (en) 2017-08-25 2021-08-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Adhesive articles permitting damage free removal
US11898069B2 (en) 2017-08-25 2024-02-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Adhesive articles permitting damage free removal
WO2020183505A1 (en) 2019-03-14 2020-09-17 Futura S.P.A. Calender for the treatment of web-like materials
IT201900003707A1 (it) 2019-03-14 2020-09-14 Futura Spa Calandra per il trattamento di materiali nastriformi.
WO2020183504A1 (en) 2019-03-14 2020-09-17 Futura S.P.A. Calender for the treatment of web-like materials
IT201900003719A1 (it) 2019-03-14 2020-09-14 Futura Spa Calandra per il trattamento di materiali nastriformi.
IT201900003713A1 (it) 2019-03-14 2020-09-14 Futura Spa Calandra per il trattamento di materiali nastriformi.
US12031272B2 (en) 2019-03-14 2024-07-09 Futura S.P.A. Calender for the treatment of web-like materials
CN112226909A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-01-15 蚌埠泰鑫材料技术有限公司 一种熔喷布输送分切收卷生产线
IT202100005897A1 (it) 2021-03-12 2022-09-12 Futura Spa Calandra e metodo per il trattamento di materiali nastriformi.
WO2023019342A1 (en) * 2021-08-17 2023-02-23 Ft Synthetics Inc. Embossed non-woven fabric for underlayments
IT202200020139A1 (it) * 2022-09-30 2024-03-30 Futura Spa Processo per la produzione di materiali in tessuto-non tessuto multi-strato.
IT202200020136A1 (it) * 2022-09-30 2024-03-30 Futura Spa Processo per la produzione di materiali in tessuto-non tessuto a singolo strato.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE326423B (ja) 1970-07-27
BE686943A (ja) 1967-02-15
FR1495822A (fr) 1967-09-22
DE1635231B2 (de) 1976-07-08
CH1430166A4 (ja) 1970-05-15
NL155318B (nl) 1977-12-15
CH498234A (de) 1970-05-15
ES331850A1 (es) 1967-11-01
BR6683396D0 (pt) 1973-05-24
GB1093740A (en) 1967-12-06
NL6613877A (ja) 1967-04-05
DE1635231A1 (de) 1971-06-03

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