US3505230A - Functional ester base fluids containing corrosion inhibitors - Google Patents

Functional ester base fluids containing corrosion inhibitors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3505230A
US3505230A US626703A US3505230DA US3505230A US 3505230 A US3505230 A US 3505230A US 626703 A US626703 A US 626703A US 3505230D A US3505230D A US 3505230DA US 3505230 A US3505230 A US 3505230A
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Prior art keywords
fluid
ester base
corrosion
base stock
moles
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US626703A
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Quentin E Thompson
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Monsanto Co
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Monsanto Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/32—Light or X-ray resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/12—Gas-turbines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/12—Gas-turbines
    • C10N2040/13—Aircraft turbines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

Definitions

  • Such fluids should, in addition, posses adequate temperature-viscosity properties and satisfactory lubricity, that is, the lubricants must not become too thin at the very high temperatures to which they are subjected nor must they become too thick at lower temperatures and must at the same time be able to provide lubricity over such range of temperatures.
  • lubricants should not form deposits which interfere with the proper operation of a jet engine.
  • any lubricant can be adjudged on the basis of many criteria such as the extent of viscosity increase, the extent of deposits and the extent of corrosion to metal surfaces in contact with the lubricant.
  • Those skilled in the art have found many ways to improve lubricants and to thus retard or prevent the effects which shorten the useful life of a lubricant.
  • a fluid contacts various metals as for example, lead, alu minum, copper, bronze, steel and many alloys, which alloys utilize many types of metals in the alloy composition.
  • Corrosion of mechanical members such as bearing cages having lead flashings adversely affects (1) such mechanical members of a system in contact with the fluid, (2) the functional fluid itself and (3) the lubrication function of the fluid.
  • the main problem resulting from corrosion of mechanical members, especially lead corrosion, is the effect of the corrosion products on the functional fluid and the lubrication function of the fluid.
  • the corrosion products can form deposits on the mechanical members in contact with the fluid as well as being solubilized in the functional fluid. Certain corrosion products in addition to forming deposits can promote oxidation by catalyzing the oxidation of a functional fluid, thereby promoting increased sludge and deposit formation.
  • deposits can in general be formed from the oxidation of the base stock as well as deposits formed by the corrosion of mechanical members in contact with the fluid.
  • the corrosion products can be formed, for example, by the corrosion of mechanical members by the oxidized fluid.
  • deposits contaminates the fluid and requires premature draining of the fluid from the system as well as filter clogging and excessive filter replacement.
  • deposits can adversely affect the proper lubrication of bearings such as by restricting and in some cases completely restricting the ability of a fluid to reach critical mechanical parts so as to perform its lubrication function.
  • deposits can act as insulating materials when such deposits and other insoluble materials form on mechanical members. When this insulating effect occurs, the fluid does not accept heat as rapidly from mechanical parts at temperatures higher than the fluid and as a consequence metal fatigue and pitting of mechanical members can occur.
  • a functional fluid composition can attain temperatures of up to 550 F. and higher which can result in 0X1- dative and thermal degradation of a lubricant.
  • a particular base stock which is utilized to prepare a functional fluid composition must have, to a certain extent, the ability to resist oxidative and thermal degradation.
  • any additive which is incorporated into a given base stock such as to inhibit corrosion damage should not adversely affect other critical base stock properties.
  • an additive which is incorporated into a base stock for the inhibition and control of lead corrosion should not adversely affect the oxidative stability of a given base stock.
  • the problem of attaining a functional fluid having given characteristics is extremely complex.
  • a compound represented by the structure RiAr-R wherein Ar is an aromatic nucleus selected from the group consisting of benzene and naphthalene; R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl and b and c are each whole numbers having a value of to 1, provided that the sum of b+c is from 0 to l; a is a whole number having a value of from 0 to 6; R is selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon oxy radical, a member of the group represented by R a member of the group represented by R, and when a has a value greater than 1 any two groups represented by R which are attached to adjacent carbon atoms can together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a cyclic ring selected from the group consisting of a non-quinonoid carbocyclic ring and a heterocyclic ring, said cyclic ring having from 3 to 10 atoms optionally interrupted by from 0 to 4 hetero
  • (l) a compound represented by the structure wherein R and R are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl; e is a whole number having a value of from 0 to 4; R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, a hydrocarbon radical, a hydrocarbon oxy radical and a heterocyclic ring having from 3 to 10 atoms optionally interrupted by from 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and when e has a value greater than 1 any two groups represented by R which are attached to adjacent carbon atoms can together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a cyclic ring selected from the group consisting of a carbocyclic ring and a heterocyclic ring, said cyclic ring having from 3 to 10 atoms optionally interrupted by from 0 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur; and
  • ester base stocks include base stocks which contain a pentaerythritol base stock, pentaerythritol base stock herein defined to include pentaerythritol esters, dipentaerythritol esters and mixtures thereof, and ester base stocks containing a major amount of a pentaerythrito base stock, a major amount herein defined to include a concentration of the pentaerythritol base stock which is greater than the individual concentration of any other base stock which comprises the functional fluid composition.
  • Typical examples of other base stocks which can be added to the pentaerythritol base stock are monoester base stocks, diester base stocks, triester base stocks, complex ester base stocks and mixtures thereof.
  • the concentration of the compounds represented by (A), (B) and (C) in the ester base stocks is adjusted in terms of the particular system and the ester base stock which is utilized in this system to provide functional fluid compositions of this invention which contain additive amounts of a compound represented by (A), (B) and (C) sufficient to inhibit and control corrosion damage while not adversely affecting critical properties of the ester base stock.
  • the preferred additive concentration of a compound represented by (A), (B) and (C) for the ester base stocks is generally from about 0.001 weight percent to about 10 weight percent, preferably from about 0.005 weight percent to about 2.5 weight percent.
  • compositions comprising an ester base stock and a damage inhibiting amount of a compound represented by (A), (B) and (C), that is, a compound represented by (A), (B) and (C) is added to the compositions at a concentration sufficient to inhibit and control corrosion damage.
  • the functional fluid compositions of this invention can be compounded in any manner known to those skilled in the art, as for example, by adding a compound represented by (A), (B) and (C) to the ester base stock with stirring until a composition is obtained.
  • the compounds can be prepared in situ, that is, in the ester base stocks as aforedescribed.
  • additive concentrates can be prepared such as additive compositions containing from about to about 60% of the compounds represented by (A), (B) and (C) and the ester base stocks as aforedescribed.
  • the various groups represented by a hydrocarbon radical, a hydrocarbon oxy radical, a cyclic ring and a heterocyclic ring are defined broadly to include groups which are unsubstituted as well as substituted.
  • two or more substituents can together form a cyclic or heterocyclic ring.
  • substituents on a heterocyclic ring can together with the heterocyclic ring form a cyclic ring.
  • two or more substituents can, for example, form an aromatic ring, an example of which would be benzimidazolyl which group would be included in the generic description, heterocyclic ring.
  • heterocyclic ring is herein defined to include a heterocyclic ring which is present in a compound such as a compound represented by (A)(1) wherein R and R together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring in which the nitrogen atom to which R; and R are attached is the sole hetero atom.
  • hydrocarbon radical there may be a hydrocarbon derivative which contains elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur in addition to carbon and hydrogen. These derivatives may be further substituted and may be saturated or unsaturated.
  • the elements other than the carbon and hydrogen may be substituted upon a base hydrocarbon radical or may link two or more hydrocarbon radicals. It is also contemplated that the hydrocarbon radical can contain both substitution and linkage by one or more elements.
  • substituents can be present such as aryloxy, aryl, alkyl, alkoxy, polyaryloxy, arylmercapto, acyl, aroyl, dialkylamino, monoand polyhydroxy aryl, monoand polyacyl aryl, hydroxyand acyl-substituted aryl, cyano, 0x0 and carboalkoxy.
  • the aforedescribed groups can be adjusted with respect to the number of carbon atoms present and the number of elements present in a group other than carbon and hydrogen such that a compound represented by (A), (B) and (C) would be soluble in a particular ester base stock to which the subject compound is incorporated.
  • a compound represented by (A), (B) and (C) can be modified such as by adjusting the chain length of the group or adjusting the branching present in a group in order that the particular compound will be soluble in a given ester base stock.
  • the solubilizing properties of the ester base stocks can vary and thus the solubility characteristics of the compounds represented by (A), (B) and (C) can be adjusted.
  • the various aforedescribed groups that is, the hydrocarbon radical, the hydrocarbon oxy radical, the cyclic and heterocyclic rings are non-critical features of this invention. Thus, these groups can vary over a wide range with respect to the number of carbon atoms present and the number of elements other than carbon and hydrogen which are attached to the various groups.
  • the various groups contain as an upper limit with respect to the number of carbon atoms present per aromatic nucleus of about 28 carbon atoms per aromatic nucleus and more preferably up to about 10 carbon atoms per aromatic nucleus.
  • the aforedescribed groups can be defined by the number of elements other than carbon and hydrogen which are present per aromatic nucleus.
  • the upper limit of the number of elements other than carbon and hydrogen such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur which can be present per aromatic nucleus is as a preferred upper limit of about 6 elements per aromatic nucleus and more preferably is an upper limit of about 4 elements per aromatic nucleus.
  • hydrocarbon radicals and hydrocarbon derivatives are alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, amyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, octadecyl; alkenyl, such as propenyl, butenyl, heptenyl, dodecenyl and the like; cycloaliphatic, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl, monoand polymethyl cyclohexyl, monoand polyisopropyl cyclohexyl, naphthenyl, cyclopentyl, nonylcyclohexenyl and the like; aryl, herein defined to include mono-, di and polynuclear hydrocarbons, such as phenyl, naphthyl and anthryl, typical examples of aryl
  • heterocyclic groups are furyl thienyl, piperidyl, pyrryl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrimidinyl or a benz derivative thereof such as benzisoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothienyl, indazolyl or isoindazolyl.
  • Typical examples of compounds represented by (A) (l) are catechol, resorcinol, 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoylanilide, o-acetyl phenol, o-n-butyryl phenol, 2,4-diacetyl phenol, resorcinol monoacetate, resorcinol hexanoate, catechol monoacetate, sorcinol monobutyrate, catechol monobutyrate, 3,4-dimethyl catechol monoacetate, 3,4-dimethyl resorcinol monoacetate, 3-methyl-4-acetyl catechol monoacetate, 3- methyl-4-acetyl resorcinol monoacetate, 4-methyl-8-ethyl- 1,3-naphthalene diol, 8-butyryl-1,3-naphthalene diol, 1- hydroxy-S-acetoxy naphthalene, 2-hydroxy 4 acetoxy acetophenone, 2-acetoxy-4-hydroxy
  • Typical examples of compounds represented by (B) (1) are 1,3-indane dione, 4-acetoxy-1,3-indane dione, 4-hydroxy-1,3-indane dione, .2-methyl-4-hydroxy-1,3-indane dione, 2,2-dimethyl-4,5-hydroxy-1,3-indane dione, 4-acyl- 5-hydroxy-l,3-indane dione, 4,6-dihydroxy-1,3-inda-ne dione, 4-ethyl-1,3-indane dione, 5-ethyl-1,3-indane dione, 5- butyl-l,3-indane dione and 4-methyl-6-methyl-1,3-indane dione.
  • the ester base stocks to which the compounds represented by (A), (B) and (C) are incorporated comprise at least a major amount of a pentaerythritol base stock.
  • the pentaerythritol base stocks have been found to have particularly good high temperature oxidation and thermal resistance.
  • pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol base stocks are pentaerythrityl tetrabutyrate, pentaerythrityl tetravalerate, pentaerythrityl tetracaproate, pentaerythrityl dibutyrate dicaproate, pentaerythrityl butyrate caproate divalerate, pentaerythrityl butyrate trivalerate, pentaerythrityl butyrate tricaproate, pentaerythrityl tributyrate caproate.
  • Suitable dipentaerythrityl esters include dipentaerythrityl hexavalerate, dipentaerythrityl hexacaproate, dipentaerythrityl hexaheptoate, dipentaerythrityl hexacaprylate, dipentaerythrityl tributyrate tricaproate, dipentaerythrityl trivalerate trinonylate and dipentaerythrityl mixed hexaesters of C fatty acids.
  • Typical examples of base stocks which can be blended together with Treatmentaerythritol base stocks are the monoester base stocks, diester base stocks, triester base stocks, complex ester base stocks and mixtures of the aforedescribed base stocks.
  • Typical examples of monoand diester base stocks are the monoesters of long-chain monobasic acids such as.
  • poly glycols such as polyethylene glycols, bis(2-methylbutyl) sebacate, bis(l-methylcyclohexylmethyl) sebacate, bis (2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) sebacate, dipropylene glycol diperlargonate, the diesters of acids such as sebacic, azelaic and adipic acid with complex C primary branched chain alcohols such as those produced by the x0 process, polyethylene glycol 200 bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, diisoamyl adipate, 1,6-hexamethylene glycol di(2-ethylhexanoate), bis(dimethylamyl) azelate, di(2-ethylhexyl) azelate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, diisooctyl sebacate, 2-ethylhexyl 3:5:5 trimethylhexyl se
  • Typical examples of triester base stocks are trimethylolpropane tri-n-pelargonate, trimethylolpropane tricaprate, trimethylolpropane tricaprylate and the trimethylolpropane triester of mixed octanoates.
  • complex esters are obtained by esterifying dicarboxylic acids with a mixture of monohydric alcohol and a glycol to give complex esters.
  • Complex esters which can be employed can be prepared by esterifying a dicarboxylic acid (1 mole) with a glycol (2 moles) and a monocarboxylic acid (2 moles) or with 1 mole each of a glycol, a dicarboxylic acid and a monorhydric alcohol or with 2 moles each of a monohydroxy monocarboxylic acid and a monohydric alcohol.
  • Still other complex esters may be prepared by esterifying a glycol (1 mole) with a monohydroxy monocarboxylic acid (2 moles) and a monocarboxylic acid (2 moles).
  • complex esters which are suitable are prepared by polymerizing a dihydroxy compound with a dicarboxylic acid and reacting the terminal hydroxy and acid radical with a mixture of a monocarboxylic acid and a monohydric alcohol.
  • polymers which may be utilized as additives within the scope of this invention are polymers prepared by the polymerization of adipic acid and 1,2-propane diol in the presence of minor amounts of short-chain monocarboxylic acids and a monohydric alcohol to give molecular Weights of the polymers thereby produced of from about 700 to about 40,000 or higher.
  • the mono-, di-, triand polyhydric alcohols, and the monocarboxylic acids employed in the preparation of the above esters can also contain either oxygen linkages.
  • compositions of this invention various compounds represented by (A) and (B) were blended into an ester base stock and the resulting functional fluid composition evaluated for control an inhibition of lead corrosion.
  • One of the major bench scale methods used for evaluating the lead corrosivity of various lubricant formulations is Federal Test Method Standard No. 791, Method No. 5321.1.
  • 500 ml. of the test fluid is placed into a tube containing a lead test panel. The tube is inserted in a bath which is maintained at a temperature of 375. Air is bubbled through the sample liquid at approximately 2 cubic feet per hour. The weight loss or net weight gain of the test sample is measured after a period of 5 hours.
  • Th?l weight loss is measured in milligrams per square inc
  • the base stock that was utilized was a mixture of short-chain pentaerythritol esters and short-chain dipentaerythritol esters having an average chain length of about 6 carbon atoms.
  • the ester base stock contained 1% phenyl-a-naphthylamine.
  • the ester base stock contained a minor amount of a triaryl phosphate, 2% of a mixture of phenyl-a-naphthylamine and dioctyl diphenylamine and a minor amount of a potassium salt.
  • the metal specimens used were as specified in said procedure, steel, copper, silver, titanium, magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy.
  • the viscosity of the fluid before and after testing was determined at 100 F.
  • the fluid that was utilized in Table II was the same formulation as was utilized in Examples 10 through 12 in Table I.
  • this invention relates to a novel method of lubricating gas turbine engines which comprises maintaining on the bearings and other points of wear a lubricating amount of a composition of this invention.
  • improved hydraulic pressure devices can be prepared in accordance with this invention which comprise in combination a fluid chamber and an actuating fluid composition in said chamber, said fluid comprising a mixture of one or more of the base stocks hereinbefore described and a m nor amount, sufficient to inhibit and control corrosion damage, of the additive composition of this invention.
  • the parts which are so lubricated include the frictional surfaces of the source of power, namely the pump, valves, operating pistons and cylinders, fluid motors, and in some cases, for machine tools, the ways, tables and slides.
  • the hydraulic system may be of either the constantvolume of the variable-volume type of system.
  • the pumps may be of various types, including centrifugal pumps, jet pumps, turbine vane, liquid piston gas compressors, piston-type pump, more particularly the variable-stroke piston pump, the variable-discharge or variable displacement piston pump, radial-piston pump, axialpiston pump, in which a pivoted cylinder block is adjusted at various angles with the piston assembly, for example, the Vickers Axial-Piston Pump, or in which the mechanism which drives the pistons is set at an angle adjustable with the cylinder block; gear-type pump, which may be spur, helical or herringbone gears, variations of internal gears, or a screw pump; or vane pumps
  • the valves may be stop valves, reversing valves, pilot valves, throttling valves, sequence valves, relief valves, servo valves, non-return valves, poppet valves or unloading valves.
  • Fluid motors are usually constantor variabledischarge piston pumps caused to rotate by the pressure of the hydraulic fluid of the system with the power supplied by the pump power source.
  • Such a hydraulic motor may be used in connection with a variable-discharge pump to form a variable-speed transmission. It is, therefore, especially important that the frictional parts of the fluid system which are lubricated by the functional fluid be protected from damage. Thus, damage brings about seizure of frictional parts, excessive wear and premature replacement of parts.
  • thermoelectric transfer systems can be developed wherein a liquid heat exchange medium is utilized to exchange heat with another material wherein said material is at a given temperature.
  • the function of the liquid heat exchange medium can be any one or a combination of the following: transfer heat, accept heat and maintain a material at a given temperature.
  • the fluid compositions of this invention when utilized as a functional fluid can also contain dyes, pour point depressants, metal deactivator, acid scavengers, antioxidants, defoamers in concentration suflicient to impart antifoam properties, such as from about 10 to about parts per million, viscosity index improvers such as polyalkylacrylates, polyalkylmethacrylates, polycyclic polymers, polyurethanes, polyalkylene oxides, polyalkylene polymers, polyphenylene oxides, polyesters, lubricity agents and the like.
  • dyes such as from about 10 to about parts per million
  • viscosity index improvers such as polyalkylacrylates, polyalkylmethacrylates, polycyclic polymers, polyurethanes, polyalkylene oxides, polyalkylene polymers, polyphenylene oxides, polyesters, lubricity agents and the like.
  • the base stocks as aforedescribed can be utilized singly or as a fluid composition containing two or more base stocks in varying proportions.
  • the base stocks can also contain other fluids which include, in addition to the functional fluids described above, fluids der ved from coal products and synthetic oils, e.g., alkylene polymers (such as polymers of propylene, butylene, etc., and mixtures thereof), alkylene oxide-type polymers (e.g., propylene oxide polymers) and derivatives, including alkylene oxide polymers prepared by polymerizing the alkylene oxide in the presence of water or alcohols, e.g., ethyl alcohol, alkylbenzenes, (e.g., monoalkylbenzene such as dodecylbenzene, tetradecylbenzene, etc.), and dialkylbenzenes (e.g., n-nonyl 2-ethylhexyl
  • a composition comprising (A) a major amount of an ester base stock and (B) a corrosion inhibiting amount of a material having the structure group and hydrocarbon radicals and a is a whole number having a value of from 0 to 6. 2.
  • a composition of claim 1 wherein the corrosion inhibiting material is resorcinol diacetate.
  • ' hihiting material is catechol diacetate.
  • ester base stock is selected from pentaerythritol esters, dipentaerythritol esters, and mixtures thereof.
  • ester base stock is selected from pentaerythritol esters, dipentaerythritol esters, and mixtures thereof.

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BE (1) BE712868A (xx)
CH (1) CH518352A (xx)
DE (1) DE1769070B1 (xx)
ES (1) ES352095A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1557509A (xx)
GB (1) GB1215536A (xx)
NL (1) NL147474B (xx)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3609085A (en) * 1970-03-16 1971-09-28 Monsanto Co Polyester functional fluid compositions
US4045376A (en) * 1976-04-23 1977-08-30 Texaco Inc. Synthetic turbine oils
US4064058A (en) * 1972-03-01 1977-12-20 Hercules Incorporated Mixed synthetic ester grease base stock
EP0292438A1 (en) * 1987-05-21 1988-11-23 Fmc Corporation (Uk) Limited Functional fluids
EP0320281A2 (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-14 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Corrosion inhibitor
EP0523561A1 (en) * 1991-07-17 1993-01-20 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Lubricating oil composition
EP0535990A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-07 Nippon Oil Company, Limited A lubricating oil composition
EP0572273A1 (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-01 Tonen Corporation Lubricating oil compositions containing dispersants for two-cycle engines
WO1997015645A1 (de) * 1995-10-26 1997-05-01 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Öllösliche stickstofffreie korrosionsinhibitoren mit guter pufferwirkung

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2410041A1 (fr) * 1977-11-29 1979-06-22 Hercules Inc Composition utile comme graisse de base
DE3940803A1 (de) * 1989-12-09 1991-06-13 Henkel Kgaa Schwerfluechtige loesungsmittel fuer aromatenhaltige wirkstoffe
JP5258162B2 (ja) 2005-12-09 2013-08-07 出光興産株式会社 潤滑油組成物

Citations (5)

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US3145177A (en) * 1960-04-11 1964-08-18 Ethyl Corp Synergistic antioxidants
US3282840A (en) * 1962-11-29 1966-11-01 Eastman Kodak Co Stable lubricating composition and inhibitor mixture therefor
US3309318A (en) * 1965-04-30 1967-03-14 Emery Industries Inc Blends of ester lubricants
US3383395A (en) * 1965-03-03 1968-05-14 Gen Electric Stabilization of organic materials with biphenyltriols
US3385790A (en) * 1965-04-27 1968-05-28 Monsanto Co Antioxidant compositions

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3145177A (en) * 1960-04-11 1964-08-18 Ethyl Corp Synergistic antioxidants
US3282840A (en) * 1962-11-29 1966-11-01 Eastman Kodak Co Stable lubricating composition and inhibitor mixture therefor
US3383395A (en) * 1965-03-03 1968-05-14 Gen Electric Stabilization of organic materials with biphenyltriols
US3385790A (en) * 1965-04-27 1968-05-28 Monsanto Co Antioxidant compositions
US3309318A (en) * 1965-04-30 1967-03-14 Emery Industries Inc Blends of ester lubricants

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3609085A (en) * 1970-03-16 1971-09-28 Monsanto Co Polyester functional fluid compositions
US4064058A (en) * 1972-03-01 1977-12-20 Hercules Incorporated Mixed synthetic ester grease base stock
US4045376A (en) * 1976-04-23 1977-08-30 Texaco Inc. Synthetic turbine oils
EP0292438A1 (en) * 1987-05-21 1988-11-23 Fmc Corporation (Uk) Limited Functional fluids
US4919833A (en) * 1987-05-21 1990-04-24 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Functional fluids
EP0320281A2 (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-14 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Corrosion inhibitor
EP0320281A3 (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-10-25 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Corrosion inhibitor
EP0523561A1 (en) * 1991-07-17 1993-01-20 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Lubricating oil composition
EP0535990A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-07 Nippon Oil Company, Limited A lubricating oil composition
EP0572273A1 (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-01 Tonen Corporation Lubricating oil compositions containing dispersants for two-cycle engines
US5547597A (en) * 1992-05-29 1996-08-20 Tonen Corporation Lubricating oil composition for two-cycle engines
WO1997015645A1 (de) * 1995-10-26 1997-05-01 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Öllösliche stickstofffreie korrosionsinhibitoren mit guter pufferwirkung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES352095A1 (es) 1970-02-01
NL6804349A (xx) 1968-09-30
NL147474B (nl) 1975-10-15
CH518352A (de) 1972-01-31
GB1215536A (en) 1970-12-09
DE1769070B1 (de) 1971-11-18
BE712868A (xx) 1968-09-30
FR1557509A (xx) 1969-02-14

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