US3501001A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Centrifugal separator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3501001A
US3501001A US759874A US3501001DA US3501001A US 3501001 A US3501001 A US 3501001A US 759874 A US759874 A US 759874A US 3501001D A US3501001D A US 3501001DA US 3501001 A US3501001 A US 3501001A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
separator
wall
porton
rotor
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US759874A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jiri Muller
Rudolf Kmeco
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PAPCEL CELULOSY NP
PAPCEL STROJIRNY PRO PRUMYSL CELULOSY A PAPIRU NARODNI PODNIK
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PAPCEL CELULOSY NP
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Publication date
Application filed by PAPCEL CELULOSY NP filed Critical PAPCEL CELULOSY NP
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Publication of US3501001A publication Critical patent/US3501001A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
    • D21D5/18—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor with the aid of centrifugal force

Definitions

  • the known separators with driven rotors constitute an important advance in the purification of high consistency stock, they are sensitive to changes in process variables. If the pressure or the velocity of the feed varies relatively slightly from the values for which the known separator is designed, its effectiveness decreases and heavy contaminants reacl1 the screens.
  • the known separators are particularly sensitive to temporary increases in stock flow rate, and to pressure changes whch cause expansion and contraction of the air bubbles unavoidably present in the stock.
  • the object of the invention is the provision of a centrifugal separator for purification of paper stock which is 1ess sensitive to relatively small variatons in operating conditions than the known devices, and delivers paper stock of uniformly high purity.
  • the invention is based on the known separator type in which the cavity of the separator casing is of circular cross section about practically the entire length of the normally vertical casing axis.
  • a feed conduit admits paper stock to the upper end portion of the cavity through an orifice which is directed tangentially relative to the casing axis.
  • a rotor is arranged in the upper end portion and a collector chamber gathers the heavy impurities at the bottom of the casing.
  • a discharge conduit for purified paper has its orifice upwardly spaced from the collector chamber. The orifice intersects the casing axis and is axially directed against the bottom face of the rotor.
  • the performance of such a separator can be improved significantly by providing the bottom face of the rotor with a recess whose wall is a surface of revolution about the rotor axis, that is, the recess wall is of circular cross section about the axis.
  • the recess is of toroidal curvature, but recesses bounded by other surfaces of revolution are also etective at least to some extent.
  • the efliciency of the separator is further improved by shaping the rotor body and the rotor vanes according to one or more of the following features.
  • the axial outer wall of the body, whch extends upwardly from the recessecl bottom face, should be of circular cross section about the separator axis, the two axially terminal portions of the wall Haring radially in a direction away from an axially central portion, and the lowermost part of the wall being substantially cylindrical and very narrow in an axial direction. Separation between the impurities and the fiber suspension is facilitate-d it the lowermost wall part and the recess in the bottom face define therebetween an annular edge portion of the latter even narrower than the cylindrical lowermost part of the axial wall.
  • each vane extends in a helix of approximately uniform pitch and is at least partly coextensive in an axial direction with the orifice of the inlet conduit and the upper terminal portion of the axial wall on the rotor body.
  • the lower portion of each vane is more nearly parallel to the rotor axis than the helix, and may be actually fiat in an axial plane.
  • the radially outer edges of the vanes jointly define an upwardly tapering concal surface during operation of the rotor, and the upper portion of the separator cavity is bounded by an upwardly tapering conical wall.
  • the apex angle of the conical surface defined by the rotating vane edges is smaller than the apeX angle of the cone defined by the last mentioned wall.
  • FIG. 1 shows a centrifugal separator of the invention in elevation, and partly in section on its vertical axis
  • FIG. 2 shows the rotor body of the separator and associated elements in axial, elevational section on a larger sca e.
  • FIG. 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Refernng now to the drawing, and initially to FIG. 1, there is seen a centrifugal separator whose sheet metal casing has a long, frustoconical, upwardly flaring bottom portion 1 connected by a short, cylindrcal section to an upwardly tapering, frustoconical upper portion 3 of intermedate axial length.
  • An inlet conduit 4 communicates with the cavity in the upper casing portion by an orifice, obscured in the drawing by other elements, and directed tangentially into the cavity relative to the separator axis, as is well known in itself.
  • the radial top wall 5 of the casing provides a hearing, n0t shown in detail, for a vertical, coaxial drive shaft 6 from which the body portion 7 of a rotor is suspended in the upper end portion 3.
  • the shaft 6 is driven by a nonillustrated motor in a conventional manner during operation of the separator.
  • the rotor body 7 has the shape of an hour-glass, and flares frustoconically from a centra], narrow waist toward the two axial ends.
  • the lowermost part of the body 7 is cylinclrical, but the axial idth of the cylindrcal wall 8 is less than one quarter of s radius.
  • the two concal portions of the outer, xial body wall are axially coextensive with the conical all in the casing porton 3
  • the cylindrcal wall porton is coextensive in an axial direction with a part of the entral casing porton 2.
  • the radial bottom face 9 has a recess lwhose wall is surface of rotation similar to a porton of a torus.
  • the tter wall and the cylindrcal lowermost porton 8 of the uter axial wall of the rotor body 7 meet at a small acute ngle to define an annular knife edge porton of the botm face 9.
  • the wall of the recess forrns a downwardly irected, pointed projection in the center of the recess 10, nd extends in a circular are of almost 180 in each plane 1rough the rotor axis from the aforementioned knife dge to the point of central projection.
  • the rotor body 7 carries )UI' sheet metal vanes 11 which are equiangularly offset n the axial wall of the rotor body 7.
  • An upper part of ach vane 11 extends in approximately 0ne turn of a helix f approximately uniform pitch about the separator axis nd is axially coextensive with the non-illustrated orifice f the inlet conduit 4 as is obvious from the location of 1e conduit, as seen in FIG. 1.
  • the pitch of each helix 1 creases sharply in a downward direction after one turn 3 that the lowermost porton of the vane is parallel or early parallel to the rotor axis.
  • the radially outer edges 12 of ie rotor vanes 11 define a frustoconical surface 13 dur- 1g rotation of the rotor body 7.
  • the apex angle of the onical surface 13 is smaller than the corresponding angle f the casing porton 3.
  • a discharge conduit 14 is partly coaxial with the rotor asing. Its upwardly directed circular orifice 15 thus interects the casing axis and is coaxially aligned with the entral projection in the recess.
  • the diameter of the rifice is approxirnately one third of the diameter f the recess 10, and the orifice is closely adjacent to the ottom face 9 in a downward direction, the axial spacing f the orifice from the bottom face 9 being but a small raction of the diameter of either.
  • the conduit 14 down- 1ardly extends into a collector chamber 16 at the bottom f the separator casing and radially outward from the hamber. Its terminal flange 17 is normally connected to 1e papermaking machine.
  • a gate valve 18 may separate the chamber 16 from subjacent lock 19 which is usually closed in a down- 1ard direction by another gate valve 20. Washout fittings 1, 22 permit rinsing water to be introduced into the ook 19 or the chamber 16, the control valves in the water upply having been omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the preferred shapes of the rotor body 7, of the casing ortion 3, and of the vanes 11 enhance the formation of he descending vortex and its separating etect.
  • the antular gap between the body porton 7 and the casing wall increases in a downward direction over the axial dimen ion of the orifice in the inlet conduit 4, thereby minimizng turbulence at the stock inlet, and favorng axially downward flow under the acton of the helical vane portions.
  • the lower porton of the body 7 flares downward, it assists the vanes 11 in driving the stock radially outward, and the axial flow velocity is decreased by the widening of the annular gap between the vane edges 12 and the less steeply inclined casing wall 3.
  • Enough water is admitted during separator operation through the fitting 22 to rinse most adhering fibers from the falling impurities and to return the fibers to the ascending centra] vortex.
  • the upward flow of the inner vortex is reversed, and the purified stock is drected downward and toward the axis into the orifice 15 by the approximately toroidal wall of the recess 10.
  • the edge ofthe bottom face 9 is beneficial in separating the two vortexes which do not mix over a wide range of varying operating conditions, particularly variations in the flow rate and pressure of the incoming stock.
  • a centrifugal separator for removing heavy impurities trom paper stock, the separator having a casing substantially enclosing a cavity of substantially circular cross secton about a normally vertically extending axis and being axially elongated; a feed conduit for admitting paper stock to upper end porton of said cavity and having an orifice in said end porton directed tangenta ly relative to said axis; a rotor mounted in said end porton for rotation about said axis; a collector chamber for said impurities at the bottom of said cavity; and a discharge conduit for purified paper stock having an orifice upwardly spaced trom said chamber, said rotor having a bottom face, and said orifice intersecting said axis and axially drected toward said bottom face, the improvement in the rotor which comprises:
  • said rotor having a body porton carrying said bottom face and having an axial outer wall extending upwardly from said bottom face;
  • said bottom face being formed with a recess having a wall of circular cross secton about said axis.
  • each vane having an upper porton extending about said axis in a helix of approximately uniform pitch and a lower porton more nearly parallel to said axis than said helix.
  • vanes having respectve radially outer edges jointly defining an upwardly tapering conical surface about sad axs during rotation of sad rotor, sad upper porton of sad cavity beng bounded by an upwardly tapering wal] of sad casng of c0nical shape about sad axis, the apex angle of the conical surface defined by sad edges being smaller than the apex angle of the cone defined by sad upwardly taperng wa1l.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US759874A 1967-09-22 1968-09-16 Centrifugal separator Expired - Lifetime US3501001A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS674767 1967-09-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3501001A true US3501001A (en) 1970-03-17

Family

ID=5415187

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US759874A Expired - Lifetime US3501001A (en) 1967-09-22 1968-09-16 Centrifugal separator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3501001A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR6801515D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1792503B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1580057A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1209686A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE358817B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3612276A (en) * 1969-04-29 1971-10-12 Bird Machine Co Vortex-type separator apparatus
US4151083A (en) * 1974-09-10 1979-04-24 Dove Norman F Apparatus and method for separating heavy impurities from feed stock
US4624691A (en) * 1985-03-04 1986-11-25 Varnas Enterprises Cyclone separators to prevent or reduce clogging
US4863605A (en) * 1987-06-29 1989-09-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Hydrocyclone with parallel rotor vanes and annular ring members
US5585000A (en) * 1994-07-14 1996-12-17 Metro International S.R.L. Cyclone separator
US5899342A (en) * 1997-06-04 1999-05-04 Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. Hydrocyclone separator

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4039373A (en) * 1975-12-31 1977-08-02 American Defibrator, Inc. Static discharge device and method for fiber discharge from a pressurized digester
DE2658877C3 (de) * 1976-12-24 1979-09-13 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Vorrichtung zum Ausschleusen von in einer Abscheideeinrichtung zum Reinigen von Suspensionen anfallenden Verunreinigungen
DE2753963C3 (de) * 1977-12-03 1981-07-23 Hans-Johann 5650 Solingen Obermeier Zyklon-Staubabscheider
DE4434541C2 (de) * 1994-09-27 1997-01-23 Hermann Josef Vatter Mechanischer Abscheider
RU2166371C1 (ru) * 1999-08-13 2001-05-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "КЭНЭС" Гидроциклон
DE102008057339A1 (de) * 2008-11-14 2010-05-20 Voith Patent Gmbh Hydrozyklon
RU2465055C1 (ru) * 2011-09-26 2012-10-27 Закрытое Акционерное Общество Научно-Производственное Объединение "Тэн" Гидроциклон системы фракционного разделения суспензий руд тонкого помола

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2787374A (en) * 1951-09-20 1957-04-02 Centriclone Corp Centrifugal classifier
US2975896A (en) * 1955-05-02 1961-03-21 Hirsch Siegfried Hydrocyclone for fibres suspension
GB877628A (en) * 1958-10-30 1961-09-20 Voith Gmbh J M An apparatus for purifying suspensions of relatively high density, particularly suspensions of fibrous material
GB971939A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1957-11-12 1964-10-07 Heinz Hogenkamp
US3288300A (en) * 1962-02-14 1966-11-29 Bauer Bros Co Centrifugal cleaner

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2787374A (en) * 1951-09-20 1957-04-02 Centriclone Corp Centrifugal classifier
US2975896A (en) * 1955-05-02 1961-03-21 Hirsch Siegfried Hydrocyclone for fibres suspension
GB971939A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1957-11-12 1964-10-07 Heinz Hogenkamp
GB877628A (en) * 1958-10-30 1961-09-20 Voith Gmbh J M An apparatus for purifying suspensions of relatively high density, particularly suspensions of fibrous material
US3288300A (en) * 1962-02-14 1966-11-29 Bauer Bros Co Centrifugal cleaner

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3612276A (en) * 1969-04-29 1971-10-12 Bird Machine Co Vortex-type separator apparatus
US4151083A (en) * 1974-09-10 1979-04-24 Dove Norman F Apparatus and method for separating heavy impurities from feed stock
US4624691A (en) * 1985-03-04 1986-11-25 Varnas Enterprises Cyclone separators to prevent or reduce clogging
US4863605A (en) * 1987-06-29 1989-09-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Hydrocyclone with parallel rotor vanes and annular ring members
US5585000A (en) * 1994-07-14 1996-12-17 Metro International S.R.L. Cyclone separator
US5899342A (en) * 1997-06-04 1999-05-04 Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. Hydrocyclone separator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1580057A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-08-29
SE358817B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-08-13
DE1792503B1 (de) 1971-06-24
GB1209686A (en) 1970-10-21
BR6801515D0 (pt) 1973-04-19

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