US3488700A - Process and apparatus for preparing materials in an air furnace - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for preparing materials in an air furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3488700A
US3488700A US677497A US3488700DA US3488700A US 3488700 A US3488700 A US 3488700A US 677497 A US677497 A US 677497A US 3488700D A US3488700D A US 3488700DA US 3488700 A US3488700 A US 3488700A
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United States
Prior art keywords
flame
oxygen
furnace
stream
air
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US677497A
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English (en)
Inventor
Horst Dieter Iken
Manfred Friedrich Schrage
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Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1966M0069713 external-priority patent/DE1281636B/de
Application filed by Messer Griesheim GmbH filed Critical Messer Griesheim GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3488700A publication Critical patent/US3488700A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/34—Arrangements of heating devices

Definitions

  • a further oxygen stream is directed parallel to the furnace axis or the flame and into contact with the flame.
  • German patent application M 69,713 relates to a process for the preparation of cement and other materials in an air furnace, particularly a rotary kiln, with a torch extending into the discharge end thereof for the introduction of a fuel-air-gas mixture and with a lance supplying an oxygen stream to the space between torch and layer of material. At least one oxygen stream is directed to the hot layer of material in such a manner that after hitting the layer it is deflected by it and is blown as an oxygen stream, against the torch flame.
  • German patent application discloses a process wherein the oxygen is undershot into the furnace and is first guided to the hot bulk material, In such a manner the oxygen, supplied to the furnace cold, is heated by the hot bulk material and then reaches the flame as a diffused cloud. Thereby a considerable part of the heat of the bulk material is absorbed from the oxygen and again conducted to the calcining process as additional heat energy.
  • the blowing angle, the flame length, the flame formation and the position of the hot zone of flame can be regulated in a simple manner.
  • a regulation of the flame formation, the flame length and the position of the hot zone of flame in the known process encounters, however, certain difliculties.
  • a main difliculty is that the cold oxygen stream can hardly influence the hot flame which is very stable because of its greater tenacity.
  • the process according to the above-noted German patent application can be employed in furnaces of normal or oversize length with certain success. Indeed, the tenacity of the oxygen is increased by being heated by the hot material, but on the other hand its kinetic energy is intensely decreased by the diffusion effect on the material.
  • the gist of the invention is therefore to eliminate the above-named disadvantages and to improve further the process of the above-noted German patent application.
  • the oxygen in addition to the deflected oxygen stream, there is simultaneously applied at least one other oxygen stream directed approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the furnace or the flame and touching or entering the flame.
  • the oxygen can thus be supplied to the furnace undershot with a lance, where the lance can have two separated oxygen supply lines and oxygen nozzles.
  • the flame can be formed in an advantageous manner entirely as desired.
  • an advantage of the inventive process is in the changing during operation the flame position Without displacing the oxygen supply line, in such a manner that the furnace lining cannot be damaged by the hot flame constantly located on the same spot.
  • oxygen instead of oxygen, air or oxygen-enriched air can also be used.
  • an air furnace for the carrying out of the novel process, wherein the oxygen lance has several, but at least two, separate oxygen supply lines and oxygen nozzles.
  • the oxygen passage of each nozzle can be individually controlled.
  • the nozzles can be easily changed by screwing into the lance. It is suitable to make the nozzles movable by means of a joint so that the blowing angle to the bulk material can be varied.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rotary kiln for the carrying out of the novel process
  • FIGS. 2-4 show the various arrangements for the admission of the flame with oxygen.
  • the material 3 to be heated by flame 2 is located in the rotary kiln 1.
  • Flame 2 is produced by torch 4 by means of coal dust, oil or gas together with air.
  • Oxygen, air or oxygen-enriched air is blown into the flame through lance 5.
  • suitable solid, liquid or gaseous constituents can be mixed with the oxygen or other reactive gases, or gas mixtures can be used instead of oxygen.
  • Lance 5 has two nozzles 6 and 7 for the formation of the air or oxygen streams 8 and 9, which are directed to the flame.
  • Stream 8 runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the furnace or the flame and touches this underneath, while stream 9 is deflected to the underside of flame 2 over the surface of the melting or loose material 3.
  • FIGS. 2-4 show the various adjustments of nozzle 7.
  • the stream 9 deflected by the melting of loose material 3 can then be adjusted corresponding to the particular flame length, so that the most advantageous operating requirements can always be achieved.
  • These are especially present when the straight oxygen stream 8 prior to coming in contact with flame 2 can be mixed with the hot oxygen stream 9 diffused at material 3 and thus its temperature and tenacity increase by indirect heat transfer from the material.
  • the now hotter and thus also more tenacious oxygen stream is well suited for flame formation and flame regulation and therefore offers a good possibility of controlling the temperature field in furnace 1.
  • the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described above and illustrated in the drawing. Furthermore, many deviations are feasible, particularly in the arrangement and construction of lance 5, in the choice of the number of nozzles, as well as their adjustment, without thereby deviating from the scope of the invention.
  • the novel process can be used, for example, for the preparation and treating of other materials than cement, which can be both solid as well as liquid.
  • a rotary kiln other air furnaces can be used for the carrying out of the novel process which can also operate discontinuously in the batch process.
  • an apparatus for preparing materials including a rotary kilm having a discharge end with the material to be prepared flowing therethrough, a torch in said discharge end directing a flame therein, an oxygen supplying lance for directing an oxygen containing gas into the material and deflecting the gas into the flame, characterized by additional oxygen supply means directing at least one oxygen containing gas stream substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said furnace and into contact with the torch flame.
  • said lance includes a nozzle for supplying the deflected gas stream, said supply means being a further nozzle on said lance, and said nozzles being removably screwed to said lance.
  • the apparatus of claim 8 including joint means for moving said nozzles to vary the gas streams therefrom.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
US677497A 1966-06-02 1967-10-10 Process and apparatus for preparing materials in an air furnace Expired - Lifetime US3488700A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1966M0069713 DE1281636B (de) 1966-06-02 1966-06-02 Verfahren zum Herstellung von Zement u. dgl. im Drehrohrofen
DEM0071369 1966-10-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3488700A true US3488700A (en) 1970-01-06

Family

ID=35149077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US677497A Expired - Lifetime US3488700A (en) 1966-06-02 1967-10-10 Process and apparatus for preparing materials in an air furnace

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3488700A (enExample)
BE (1) BE703783A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1508584A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR93488E (enExample)
GB (2) GB1150329A (enExample)
NL (1) NL6713425A (enExample)
SE (1) SE317777B (enExample)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895906A (en) * 1972-03-24 1975-07-22 Liquid Air Canada Heating process and apparatus using oxygen
US4741694A (en) * 1984-02-17 1988-05-03 Reynolds Metals Co. Method for calcining carbonaceous materials
US4746290A (en) * 1986-05-29 1988-05-24 International Technolgy Corporation Method and apparatus for treating waste containing organic contaminants
US4909733A (en) * 1988-04-01 1990-03-20 The Boc Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for gas lancing
US4925389A (en) * 1986-05-29 1990-05-15 International Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for treating waste containing organic contaminants
US4927357A (en) * 1988-04-01 1990-05-22 The Boc Group, Inc. Method for gas lancing
US5102330A (en) * 1990-03-29 1992-04-07 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation Opposed fired rotary kiln
US5145361A (en) * 1984-12-04 1992-09-08 Combustion Research, Inc. Burner and method for metallurgical heating and melting
US5383782A (en) * 1993-04-21 1995-01-24 The Boc Group, Inc. Gas-lance apparatus and method
US5413476A (en) * 1993-04-13 1995-05-09 Gas Research Institute Reduction of nitrogen oxides in oxygen-enriched combustion processes
US5609481A (en) * 1995-06-13 1997-03-11 Praxair Technology, Inc. Direct-fired stratified atmosphere furnace system
US6077072A (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-06-20 American Air Liquide Inc. Prefferential oxygen firing system for counter-current mineral calcining
US6110430A (en) * 1998-04-06 2000-08-29 Cmi Corporation Decontamination plant including an indirectly heated desorption system
US6113386A (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-09-05 North American Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for uniformly heating a furnace
US6267493B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2001-07-31 Cmi Corporation Drum mixer having a plurality of isolated aggregate transport channels
US20040115582A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2004-06-17 Hansen Eric R. Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US20050277081A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2005-12-15 Hansen Eric R Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US20080070177A1 (en) * 2006-01-09 2008-03-20 Hansen Eric R METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING NOx EMISSIONS IN ROTARY KILNS BY SNCR
US20080090194A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Stefan Laux Stratified staging in kilns

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4345896A (en) * 1981-04-29 1982-08-24 Airco, Inc. Methods and apparatus for calcining carbonaceous material
US4354829A (en) * 1981-04-29 1982-10-19 Airco, Inc. Methods and apparatus for calcining carbonaceous material
DD206421A1 (de) * 1982-10-01 1984-01-25 Mansfeld Kombinat W Pieck Veb Vorrichtung zur trocknung und entoelung von metallspaenen
US5572938A (en) * 1995-02-13 1996-11-12 Praxair Technology, Inc. Oxygen lancing for production of cement clinker
DE19504667B4 (de) * 1995-02-13 2005-01-05 Schwenk Zement Kg Brenneranlage für Zementöfen
US6488765B1 (en) 1997-07-30 2002-12-03 Cemex, Inc. Oxygen enrichment of cement kiln system combustion
DE10359362B3 (de) * 2003-12-16 2005-02-24 Rheinkalk Gmbh Verfahren zum Brennen von Kalkstein
FR2927409B1 (fr) * 2008-02-11 2013-01-04 Air Liquide Procede de chauffage d'un cru mineral dans un four de cuisson de type four tunnel

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US797506A (en) * 1905-04-08 1905-08-15 Eldred Process Company Process of burning cement.
US860685A (en) * 1906-02-07 1907-07-23 Thomas Matthew Morgan Method of and apparatus for burning cement.
US2584808A (en) * 1947-03-26 1952-02-05 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Method of and apparatus for nodulization of iron ore
US3074707A (en) * 1960-04-15 1963-01-22 Union Carbide Corp Process for the manufacture of cement

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US797506A (en) * 1905-04-08 1905-08-15 Eldred Process Company Process of burning cement.
US860685A (en) * 1906-02-07 1907-07-23 Thomas Matthew Morgan Method of and apparatus for burning cement.
US2584808A (en) * 1947-03-26 1952-02-05 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Method of and apparatus for nodulization of iron ore
US3074707A (en) * 1960-04-15 1963-01-22 Union Carbide Corp Process for the manufacture of cement

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895906A (en) * 1972-03-24 1975-07-22 Liquid Air Canada Heating process and apparatus using oxygen
US4741694A (en) * 1984-02-17 1988-05-03 Reynolds Metals Co. Method for calcining carbonaceous materials
US5145361A (en) * 1984-12-04 1992-09-08 Combustion Research, Inc. Burner and method for metallurgical heating and melting
US4746290A (en) * 1986-05-29 1988-05-24 International Technolgy Corporation Method and apparatus for treating waste containing organic contaminants
US4925389A (en) * 1986-05-29 1990-05-15 International Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for treating waste containing organic contaminants
US4909733A (en) * 1988-04-01 1990-03-20 The Boc Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for gas lancing
US4927357A (en) * 1988-04-01 1990-05-22 The Boc Group, Inc. Method for gas lancing
US5102330A (en) * 1990-03-29 1992-04-07 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation Opposed fired rotary kiln
US5413476A (en) * 1993-04-13 1995-05-09 Gas Research Institute Reduction of nitrogen oxides in oxygen-enriched combustion processes
US5383782A (en) * 1993-04-21 1995-01-24 The Boc Group, Inc. Gas-lance apparatus and method
US5609481A (en) * 1995-06-13 1997-03-11 Praxair Technology, Inc. Direct-fired stratified atmosphere furnace system
US6110430A (en) * 1998-04-06 2000-08-29 Cmi Corporation Decontamination plant including an indirectly heated desorption system
US6077072A (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-06-20 American Air Liquide Inc. Prefferential oxygen firing system for counter-current mineral calcining
US6113386A (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-09-05 North American Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for uniformly heating a furnace
US6267493B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2001-07-31 Cmi Corporation Drum mixer having a plurality of isolated aggregate transport channels
US6340240B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2002-01-22 Cmi Corporation Drum mixer having isolated aggregate transport channels
US7488172B2 (en) 2000-09-11 2009-02-10 Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. Methods of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US20050277081A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2005-12-15 Hansen Eric R Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US7229281B2 (en) 2000-09-11 2007-06-12 Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US20070207432A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2007-09-06 Hansen Eric R Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US20040115582A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2004-06-17 Hansen Eric R. Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US20090191497A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2009-07-30 Hansen Eric R Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US20090191498A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2009-07-30 Hansen Eric R Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US8267685B2 (en) 2000-09-11 2012-09-18 Cadence Environment Energy, Inc. Method of mixing high temperature gases in mineral processing kilns
US20080070177A1 (en) * 2006-01-09 2008-03-20 Hansen Eric R METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING NOx EMISSIONS IN ROTARY KILNS BY SNCR
US7959435B2 (en) 2006-01-09 2011-06-14 Cadence Environmental Energy, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing NOx emissions in rotary kilns by SNCR
US20080090194A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Stefan Laux Stratified staging in kilns
WO2008048936A3 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-06-05 Praxair Technology Inc Stratified staging in kilns
US7452203B2 (en) 2006-10-16 2008-11-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. Stratified staging in kilns

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1195560A (en) 1970-06-17
DE1508584A1 (de) 1969-12-18
GB1150329A (en) 1969-04-30
FR93488E (fr) 1969-04-04
SE317777B (enExample) 1969-11-24
BE703783A (enExample) 1968-02-01
NL6713425A (enExample) 1968-04-22

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