US3482287A - Method and apparatus for individualizing fibers preparatory to web forming - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for individualizing fibers preparatory to web forming Download PDF

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Publication number
US3482287A
US3482287A US689214A US3482287DA US3482287A US 3482287 A US3482287 A US 3482287A US 689214 A US689214 A US 689214A US 3482287D A US3482287D A US 3482287DA US 3482287 A US3482287 A US 3482287A
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United States
Prior art keywords
section
path
classification
positioning
duct
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Expired - Lifetime
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US689214A
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English (en)
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Herbert Martin Flewwelling
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Domtar Inc
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Domtar Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/086—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by the winding course of the gas stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/02—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents by reversal of direction of flow

Definitions

  • a head primarily for individualizing and dry laying of fibers or similar materials, said head having a recirculaton path along which said materials are carried in an air stream, said path having a shape resembling an oval but with an outwardly concave classification section formed in one of the longer sections of the path and an outlet through the outer wall of said path in said concave section ahead of the crest of said concave section in the direction of movement of said material.
  • the present invention can be used as a device for separating fibers per se or for laying fibers or for both separating and laying of fibers.
  • the present invention may also be utilized for materials other than fibers, for example fibrids, powders or mixtures thereof (i.e. a powdered adhesive and fibers to form an adhesive bonded fiberboard) or even with different shaped particles such as flakes or the like.
  • the present invention comprises a circulation path having an inner and an outer wall, means to introduce a transporting fluid into said path as a jet, said transporting fluid acting to separate said material and to transport same around said path, at least one section concave to said outer wall in said path, means in said concave section ahead of the crest of said section in the direction of travel of said material to permit said material together with transporting fluid to leave said path through said outside wall.
  • the apparatus of the present invention broadly comprises a confined path having an inside and an outside wall, a dispersion section, a convex curved positioning section and a concave curved classification section in series along said path, means causing fluid to flow in said confined path and to entrain said material, said curved positioning section being shaped to cause said material to move toward and hug said outside wall and said classification section being curved to separate said materials into a retained and a discharge fraction, a discharge duct through said outside wall and positioned to discharge said discharge fraction from said path.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view to scale through one form of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the apparatus shown in sec tion in FIG. 1.
  • the apparatus of the present invention comprises a circuitous path or duct 12 defined by an outer wall 14 and an inner wall 16 and a pair of end walls 18.
  • the end walls 18 are substantially parallel.
  • the duct 12 has a dispersion zone 20 and an outer concave section or classification zone 22, a positioning zone or bend 24 interconnecting one pair of adjacent ends of the dispersion and classification zones, and a return bend 26 interconnecting the opposite ends of said zones. Both the positioning and return bends extend on an arc of greater than about in the illustrated arrangement.
  • the size and shape of the positioning bend 24 affects the operation of the apparatus as will be more clearly explained hereinbelow.
  • the path or duct 12 resembles an ellipse with one of its sides moved in towards the center to form a concave curved outer section as illustrated at 22.
  • a material inlet 28 is provided, preferably at the beginning of the dispersion zone 20 adjacent the bend 26.
  • a fluid jet 27 mounted to the rear of the inlet 28 injects fluid (air) at high velocity into the duct or path 12, and this fluid serves as the dispersing and transporting medium for the material entering the path 12.
  • the shear forces in the fluid may cause the material to be separated into smaller segments as it is dispersed.
  • the angle of the inlet jet, the pressure, and the volume may be varied to provide different velocities and turbulences for the dispersion and circulation of the material.
  • a discharge zone or duct 30 is provided in the outer wall 14 towards the end of the concave classification section 22 adjacent the return bend 26, i.e.
  • the dispersion zone 20, positioning zone 24, classification zone 22 and discharge zone 30 are the basic elements of the invention and the inter-relationship of the classification zone and discharge zone 30 are of primary importance to the practice of the instant invention.
  • a second high velocity jet 32 is provided at the end of the positioning section 24 and is directed towards the beginning of the concave section 22.
  • This jet 32 accelerates and redirects the material being processed thereby further dispersing and separating the material into smaller segments and positioning the material to facilitate proper classification in the concave section 22.
  • the jet 32 preferably is adjustable in the same manner as the inlet jet 27 referred to above.
  • the discharging material is received and held in position on a suitable collecting surface.
  • the collecting surface is formed by a foraminous belt 34 and the material is held in position by a suction box 38 provided on the side of the belt 34 remote from the duct 30. Transporting fluid is drawn through the belt 34 into the suction box 38 to deposit and fix the material in position on the belt.
  • the width (i.e in the cross-machine direction) of the duct or path 12 may be, and preferably is, maintained substantially constant and equal in width to the mat to be formed on belt 34. Maintaining the path 12 substantially equal in width to the mat permits a more uniform lateral distribution of material.
  • the duct 30 is shown as having substantially fiat end walls which are merely extensions of the end walls 18 of the path 12, while the front and rear walls are flared slightly in the direction of movement of the belt 34. The end walls may also be flared slightly laterally if desired.
  • the transverse width of the path 12 is substantially constant and equal to the width of the mat to be formed, but the height of the path 12 may be varied thereby changing the cross-sectional area of the path and the velocity of the circulating fluid and material.
  • the surfaces of the outer and inner walls 14 and 18 respectively facing the path 12 are flat in transverse cross-section as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • material such as wood pulp
  • inlet 28 material, such as wood pulp
  • high velocity fluid air
  • jets 27 and 32 if used
  • air entrained pulp is removed via the outlet 30.
  • the air flow through the apparatus causes a slight suction force on the inlet 28 which induces flow into the duct through this inlet.
  • the pulp As the pulp enters the duct 12 it is entrained in the air flow and traverses the dispersion zone 20 where bundles of fibers are separated and the fibers dispersed by turbulence in the air stream.
  • the pulp travels through the positioning zone or bend 24, which is designed to cause the pulp to move into hugging engagement with the outside wall 24 where it remains until it enters the externally concave classification zone or section 22.
  • the outlet duct 30 is positioned relative to the concave classification section 22 to divide the flow into two separate fractions, namely a discharge fraction and a retained fraction.
  • the discharge fraction contains only that pulp broken up to the required degree, while the retained fraction includes pulp not sufficiently broken up to be discharged (i.e. the fiber bundles).
  • the discharge fraction leaves the duct 12 through the outlet duct 30 as a substantially laterally uniform dispersion of fibers, while the retained fraction traverses the return bend 26 and is further subjected to the turbulent air which further reduces the fiber bundles and this circulation continues until the fiber bundles are broken down to the required size for discharge.
  • the relationship i.e. quantitative ratio, composition, etc.
  • jet 32 if used, is mainly to accelerate the pulp to ensure that it enters the classification zone 22 with the proper velocity and to aid in properly positioning the pulp in hugging relationship with the outside wall 14.
  • the quantity of air added, the size of the duct 12, the shape of the ducting, the density, size and shape of the material all contribute in determining the velocity of the material and the forces acting thereon.
  • the exact configuration of the apparatus and the exact jet velocities and quantities of air will vary with various materials and results desired.
  • suflicient air When the fibers are to be laid to form a mat it is important to introduce suflicient air so that the volume of air exiting through the duct 30 permits the fibers to leave as substantially non-contacting individual integers.
  • FIG. 1 is a drawing to scale of the first model of the invention, and has been found suitable for use with wood pulp fibers.
  • the actual dimensions of the duct 12, and the curvature of the positioning bend 24, and classification zone 22, and discharge duct 30, can all be altered to adapt the characteristics of the device for optimum results with a given material to be processed.
  • the present invention is not to be limited to use with fibers or to the exact specific shape disclosed.
  • the fluid medium only air has been referred to as the fluid medium, however, other fluids may also be used provided they permit the required positioning and classification of the material. Also the fluid may serve other functions than for separation and conveying of the material, such functions including treating, drying and otherwise affecting the characteristics of the fibers.
  • An apparatus for separating material comprising means including an inside and an outside wall defining a continuous confined circuitous path having its longitudinal center line lying in a plane and including in series a dispersion section, a convex curved positioning section connected directly to a concave curved classification section, means defining an inlet for introducing said material into said path without disrupting the operation of said positioning and classification sections, jet means for introducing entraining fluid into said path, said dispersion section being interposed between said jet means and said convex curved positioning section, and means defining a discharge duct opening through said outside wall in said classification section on the side of the crest of said concave curved classification section remote from said positioning section.
  • An apparatus as defined in claim 1 further comprising; fluid injecting means for introducing fluid into said duct adjacent the junction of said positioning section with said classification section.
  • An apparatus for laying materials to form a mat comprising; means including curved inner and outer walls defining a continuous, confined, circuitous path having its longitudinal center line in a plane and including in series a dispersion section and a convex curved positioning section connected directly to a concave curved classification section, means defining an inlet for introducing said material into said path without disrupting the operation of said positioning and classification sections, the surface of said outside wall facing said path in said convex curved positioning section and said concave curved classification section being substantially flat in transverse cross-section, jet means to introduce fluid into said path, said dispersion section of said path being interposed between said jet means and said convex curved positioning section, means defining a discharge duct opening through said outside wall in said classification section on the side of the crest of said classification section remote from said positioning section, a receiving surface positioned across said duct and means mounting said receiving surface from movement across said duct.
  • An apparatus as defined in claim 4 further comprising; second means to introduce fluid, said second means being located adjacent the junction of said positioning and classification sections.
  • a method of forming a uniform web from material having fiber bundles therein comprising;
  • a method as defined in claim 7 further comprising introducing further fluid into said path adjacent the junction of said positioning and classification sections at a rate suflicient to increase the velocity of said material through said classification section.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US689214A 1967-10-10 1967-11-08 Method and apparatus for individualizing fibers preparatory to web forming Expired - Lifetime US3482287A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2165 1967-10-10

Publications (1)

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US3482287A true US3482287A (en) 1969-12-09

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US689214A Expired - Lifetime US3482287A (en) 1967-10-10 1967-11-08 Method and apparatus for individualizing fibers preparatory to web forming

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3482287A (ko)
DE (1) DE1802161B2 (ko)
FR (1) FR1586273A (ko)
GB (1) GB1225133A (ko)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3888962A (en) * 1972-11-24 1975-06-10 Johns Manville Insulating product and dry process for its manufacture
US3906064A (en) * 1973-02-12 1975-09-16 Little Inc A Process for dry forming paper
US3981651A (en) * 1973-05-19 1976-09-21 Adolf Buddenberg Gmbh Device for producing plate-shaped workpieces
DE2708307A1 (de) * 1977-02-25 1978-08-31 Vn Proizv Ob Celljuloszno Verfahren zur herstellung von zellulosefasern aus einem zellulosehaltigen halbstoff und anlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
WO1981002031A1 (en) * 1980-01-18 1981-07-23 Scan Web Is A system for dry forming of paper or other sheet material of particles or fibres
US4352649A (en) * 1980-03-20 1982-10-05 Scan-Web I/S Apparatus for producing a non-woven web from particles and/or fibers
US4389175A (en) * 1981-05-15 1983-06-21 James River-Dixie/Northern, Inc. Apparatus for distributing dry fibers onto a forming wire
US4640810A (en) * 1984-06-12 1987-02-03 Scan Web Of North America, Inc. System for producing an air laid web
US4865798A (en) * 1987-05-25 1989-09-12 Carl Schenck Ag Process and apparatus for producing a fiber web
US4921650A (en) * 1985-12-13 1990-05-01 Sunds Defibrator Aktiebolag Method and apparatus for liquid treatment of pulp
US5028224A (en) * 1990-01-09 1991-07-02 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for intermittently depositing particulate material in a substrate
US5102585A (en) * 1990-01-09 1992-04-07 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for intermittently depositing particulate material in a substrate
US5614147A (en) * 1991-12-12 1997-03-25 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Method for intermittently applying particulate powder to a fibrous substrate
US8545675B2 (en) 2010-06-09 2013-10-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus for separating particles and methods for using same

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3309743A1 (de) * 1983-03-18 1984-09-27 Versatec AG, Dietikon Verfahren zum streuen von spanplatten, insbesondere zementgebundener spanplatten und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
SE457729B (sv) * 1985-12-04 1989-01-23 Flaekt Ab Saett och anordning foer torrformning av en fiberbana
SE467044B (sv) * 1990-09-28 1992-05-18 Flaekt Ab Saett och anordning foer avskiljning av tyngre partiklar fraan ett partikelformigt material
DE102011008757A1 (de) * 2011-01-17 2012-07-19 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aussichten von Verunreinigungen aus einem pneumatischen Faserstrom
DE102020125404A1 (de) * 2020-09-29 2022-03-31 Voith Patent Gmbh Luftlegeeinrichtung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2325080A (en) * 1938-10-15 1943-07-27 Thermo Plastics Corp Method and apparatus for comminuting or drying materials
US2550390A (en) * 1944-08-25 1951-04-24 C H Wheeler Mfg Co Method for treating fuel
US2963153A (en) * 1957-08-29 1960-12-06 Lilliston Implement Company Pneumatic elevator and recleaner
US3071822A (en) * 1959-03-03 1963-01-08 Bowater Board Company Method and apparatus for forming a mat
US3111719A (en) * 1957-12-31 1963-11-26 Johns Manville Fiber opener and cleaner
US3252186A (en) * 1963-01-21 1966-05-24 Wood Conversion Co Differential fiber dispersing rolls and felting therefrom
US3252663A (en) * 1961-04-11 1966-05-24 Reduction Engineering Corp Classifying and reducing method and apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2325080A (en) * 1938-10-15 1943-07-27 Thermo Plastics Corp Method and apparatus for comminuting or drying materials
US2550390A (en) * 1944-08-25 1951-04-24 C H Wheeler Mfg Co Method for treating fuel
US2963153A (en) * 1957-08-29 1960-12-06 Lilliston Implement Company Pneumatic elevator and recleaner
US3111719A (en) * 1957-12-31 1963-11-26 Johns Manville Fiber opener and cleaner
US3071822A (en) * 1959-03-03 1963-01-08 Bowater Board Company Method and apparatus for forming a mat
US3252663A (en) * 1961-04-11 1966-05-24 Reduction Engineering Corp Classifying and reducing method and apparatus
US3252186A (en) * 1963-01-21 1966-05-24 Wood Conversion Co Differential fiber dispersing rolls and felting therefrom

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3888962A (en) * 1972-11-24 1975-06-10 Johns Manville Insulating product and dry process for its manufacture
US3906064A (en) * 1973-02-12 1975-09-16 Little Inc A Process for dry forming paper
US3981651A (en) * 1973-05-19 1976-09-21 Adolf Buddenberg Gmbh Device for producing plate-shaped workpieces
DE2708307A1 (de) * 1977-02-25 1978-08-31 Vn Proizv Ob Celljuloszno Verfahren zur herstellung von zellulosefasern aus einem zellulosehaltigen halbstoff und anlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
WO1981002031A1 (en) * 1980-01-18 1981-07-23 Scan Web Is A system for dry forming of paper or other sheet material of particles or fibres
US4352649A (en) * 1980-03-20 1982-10-05 Scan-Web I/S Apparatus for producing a non-woven web from particles and/or fibers
US4389175A (en) * 1981-05-15 1983-06-21 James River-Dixie/Northern, Inc. Apparatus for distributing dry fibers onto a forming wire
US4640810A (en) * 1984-06-12 1987-02-03 Scan Web Of North America, Inc. System for producing an air laid web
US4921650A (en) * 1985-12-13 1990-05-01 Sunds Defibrator Aktiebolag Method and apparatus for liquid treatment of pulp
US4865798A (en) * 1987-05-25 1989-09-12 Carl Schenck Ag Process and apparatus for producing a fiber web
US5028224A (en) * 1990-01-09 1991-07-02 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for intermittently depositing particulate material in a substrate
US5102585A (en) * 1990-01-09 1992-04-07 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for intermittently depositing particulate material in a substrate
US5614147A (en) * 1991-12-12 1997-03-25 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Method for intermittently applying particulate powder to a fibrous substrate
US8545675B2 (en) 2010-06-09 2013-10-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus for separating particles and methods for using same
US9623445B2 (en) 2010-06-09 2017-04-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus for separating particles and methods for using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1802161A1 (de) 1969-06-19
DE1802161B2 (de) 1974-08-01
FR1586273A (ko) 1970-02-13
DE1802161C3 (ko) 1975-03-20
GB1225133A (ko) 1971-03-17

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