US3472503A - Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten metals - Google Patents

Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten metals Download PDF

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Publication number
US3472503A
US3472503A US612131A US3472503DA US3472503A US 3472503 A US3472503 A US 3472503A US 612131 A US612131 A US 612131A US 3472503D A US3472503D A US 3472503DA US 3472503 A US3472503 A US 3472503A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vessel
melt
headpiece
connection piece
degassing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US612131A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erich Breuer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri France SA filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri France SA
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Publication of US3472503A publication Critical patent/US3472503A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum

Definitions

  • a vacuum degassing apparatus for melted metals, particularly steel includes a vessel in which the degassing takes place, the upper portion of the vessel including a vacuum g'as takeoff space and one or more electrically heated rods for maintaining temperature of the melt during the degassing phase.
  • the melt itself is not poured into the degassing vessel until the vacuum has been established, and enters the top of the vessel through a tubular connection piece associated with a supply tank for the melt such as a converter.
  • a tubular connection piece associated with a supply tank for the melt such as a converter.
  • the tubular connection piece through which the melt flows into the vessel is electrically conductive and serves as one current supply contact to the resistance heating rods which are secured at the inner ends to the connection p1ece.
  • the present invention relates to the art of vacuum degassing melted metals and is particularly concerned with an improvement in the construction of the degassing vessel which minimizes the tendency of the molten metal to splash against and adhere to the vessel walls.
  • the relatively large heating power makes it necessary to cool the contacts of the graphite rods which have been used up to now for the heating, the cooling water coming within close proximity of the melt chamber.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve a fundamental improvement as regards degassing devices of the aforesaid type. It has been found that when a stream of liquid metal falls into a vessel evacuated to a pressure of about 0.8 torr, it immediately spreads out in a funnel-shaped manner and forms a spray consisting of finely divided drops. When this descending fog impinges on the surface of the melt no appreciable splashing occurs.
  • a degassing apparatus of this kind for liquified metals, particularly steel melts comprising a cruciblelike ladle with a cover-shaped headpiece containing an electrical resistance heating device, an opening is provided for filling in the melt which on the one hand is in vacuum-tight communication with, the ladle and on the other hand with the storage vessel for the liquified metal in such a manner that the closeable outlet in the storage vessel is above the filling opening in the covershaped headpiece.
  • a particularly expedient form of degassing apparatus in accordance with the invention is obtained when an electrically conductive and interchangeable connection piece is provided which is inserted in the opening of the cover headpiece and extends down into the interior of the crucible-type ladle and serves for filling the melt into the ladle and also acts as a current supply contact for at least one heating resistance which passes from the connection piece through the wall of the cover headpiece in a radially outward direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section and FIG. 2 a cross-sectional view along the plane A-B of FIG. 1.
  • numeral 1 indicates a crucible-like ladle and 2 is the cover-shaped headpiece.
  • An electrically conductive tubular connection piece 5 to which the heating resistances 3 are connected is inserted in an opening 4 which is expediently located in the middle of the headpiece.
  • the resistances 3 extend outwards through the wall of the cover-like headpiece and are pressed resiliently against the electrically conductive connection piece 5 by means of a device 13 equipped with a press bolt or spring.
  • the lower, discharge end of the connection piece 5 thus extends below the position of the heating rods 3 so as to prevent damage to the latter by the molten metal.
  • the resistances are connected by way of vacuumtight bushings and current leads 10 to a current supply. Water cooling devices 11 serve for cooling the contact points.
  • heating resistances 3 which are arranged in a starlike formation with respect to the connection piece 5 and are supplied with three-phase current.
  • a larger number of resistances namely a multiple of three, can also be provided.
  • the heating rods are preferably made of graphite or a similar resistance material.
  • Connection piece 5 can also consist of the same material.
  • connection piece 5 which is used for pouring in the melt, can be provided with a removable tubular insert liner 6 consisting of head resistant material, e.g., refractory material, for instance zirconium oxide.
  • a device 12 shown schematically, serves to discharge the ladle.
  • the height of the apparatus should be selected so that the melt when it emerges from the connection piece 5 and passes into the vacuum forms a funnel-shaped stream which expands as it passes downwards but pnactically does not come into contact with the sides of the vessel.
  • the apparatus functions in such a manner that after evacuation by way of the pipe connection 7, the discharge opening of the storage vessel, for instance a converter filled with melted steel, is opened. After the cover plate 9 has melted, the liquid metal passes through the connection piece 5 into the crucible-shaped ladle where the flow widens out in a funnel-shaped manner as indicated by the broken lines and in the form of a spray already releases a large part of the enclosed gas.
  • the apparatus possesses the advantage that it is easy to operate in a quick and reliable manner, and at the same time is very compact.
  • the connection piece 5 in the headpiece moreover provides the possibility of inserting a gas or oil burner as a supplementary heating device for drying and heating the apparatus or holding its temperature.
  • Vacuum degassing apparatus for liquefied metals, particularly steel metals, comprising a crucible type ladle having a cover-shaped headpiece, said headpiece containing at least one electrical resistance type heating element in rod form extending radially inwards through the wall of said headpiece, said headpiece being provided with a filling opening communicating said ladle with a storage vessel so located that a closable discharge opening in said storage vessel is above the filling opening in said headpiece, hood means enclosing said ladle in a vacuum-tight manner, means for evacuating said head, an interchangeable tubular connection means located within said opening in said headpiece and which extends into the interior of said ladle to a level below said heating rod, said tubular connection means serving for filling saidladle with melt from said storage vessel and being constituted by an inner tubular member made from a heat-resistant material and an outer tubular member in heat-transfer contact with said inner tubular member, said outer tubular member being made from electrically conductive

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
US612131A 1966-02-01 1967-01-27 Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten metals Expired - Lifetime US3472503A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB85617A DE1281466B (de) 1966-02-01 1966-02-01 Giessstrahlentgasungsgeraet fuer Metallschmelzen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3472503A true US3472503A (en) 1969-10-14

Family

ID=6982997

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US612131A Expired - Lifetime US3472503A (en) 1966-02-01 1967-01-27 Vacuum degassing apparatus for molten metals

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3472503A (de)
CH (1) CH476845A (de)
DE (1) DE1281466B (de)
GB (1) GB1108029A (de)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2133235A (en) * 1933-11-11 1938-10-11 Owens Illinois Glass Co Method and apparatus for making glass wool
FR1192368A (fr) * 1956-12-12 1959-10-26 Bochumer Ver Fuer Gussstahlfab Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement sous vide de l'acier
US3014255A (en) * 1957-11-15 1961-12-26 Heraeus Gmbh W C Method of operating vacuum induction furnace
US3125440A (en) * 1960-12-27 1964-03-17 Tlbr b
US3137566A (en) * 1960-08-13 1964-06-16 Koelsch Foelzer Werke Ag Method of pouring cast iron
US3384362A (en) * 1965-03-04 1968-05-21 Mohr & Sons John Apparatus for adding heat to flowing metal

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1069340B (de) * 1959-11-19 Balzers Vakuum Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung, Frankfurt/M.-Süd Vorrichtung zum Gießen und gleichzeitigen- Entgasen von Metallen
DE1161571B (de) * 1957-05-08 1964-01-23 Thyssen Huette Ag Vorrichtung zum Vergiessen von fluessigem Stahl bei gleichzeitigem Entgasen
BE621914A (de) * 1961-12-06
DE1209134B (de) * 1964-07-08 1966-01-20 Standard Messo Duisburg Vorrichtung zur Vakuumbehandlung fluessiger Metalle

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2133235A (en) * 1933-11-11 1938-10-11 Owens Illinois Glass Co Method and apparatus for making glass wool
FR1192368A (fr) * 1956-12-12 1959-10-26 Bochumer Ver Fuer Gussstahlfab Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement sous vide de l'acier
US3014255A (en) * 1957-11-15 1961-12-26 Heraeus Gmbh W C Method of operating vacuum induction furnace
US3137566A (en) * 1960-08-13 1964-06-16 Koelsch Foelzer Werke Ag Method of pouring cast iron
US3125440A (en) * 1960-12-27 1964-03-17 Tlbr b
US3384362A (en) * 1965-03-04 1968-05-21 Mohr & Sons John Apparatus for adding heat to flowing metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1108029A (en) 1968-03-27
CH476845A (de) 1969-08-15
DE1281466B (de) 1968-10-31

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