US3468145A - Billet mill wherein the rolling gap is controlled during the penultimate pass and fixed during the final pass - Google Patents

Billet mill wherein the rolling gap is controlled during the penultimate pass and fixed during the final pass Download PDF

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Publication number
US3468145A
US3468145A US558071A US3468145DA US3468145A US 3468145 A US3468145 A US 3468145A US 558071 A US558071 A US 558071A US 3468145D A US3468145D A US 3468145DA US 3468145 A US3468145 A US 3468145A
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Prior art keywords
pass
stock
section
stand
mill
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US558071A
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English (en)
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Kenneth Alfred Yeomans
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British Iron and Steel Research Association BISRA
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British Iron and Steel Research Association BISRA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
    • B21B37/165—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions responsive mainly to the measured thickness of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2261/00—Product parameters
    • B21B2261/02—Transverse dimensions
    • B21B2261/10—Cross-sectional area

Definitions

  • This invention relates to rolling and concerns a method and apparatus for automatically controlling the rolling of relatively thick metal stock in accordance with a predetermined relationship between the cross-section of the stock before and after rolling to produce stock having a cross-section substantially the same as a desired crosssection.
  • thick stock encompasses material in billet, rod, bar, or like form which generally has thickness of the samegorder as width, as distinct from strip, plate and sheet material where the thickness is relatively small and of an order" of magnitude lower than the width.
  • the invention provides a method of rolling stock involving subjecting the stock to at least two passes for producing stock on the discharge side of the last of the two passes having a cross-section substantially the same as a desired cross-section, the method comprising controlling the roll gap of the penultimate of the two passes so that stock will be presented to the last of the two passes having such a cross-section compared with the roll gap of the last of the two passes that the stock discharging from the last of the two passes has a crosssection substantially the same as said desired cross-section.
  • the invention provides a rolling mill having means providing at least two passes for producing stock on the discharge side of the last of the two passes having a cross-section substantially the same as a desired cross-section, the mill further having control means for controlling the roll gap of the penultimate of the two passes so that stock will be presented to the last of the 3,468,145 Patented Sept.
  • Application of the present invention may be of predictive and/ or feedback control form.
  • FIGURES 1 to 4 graphically illustrate the basis of the invention
  • FIGURES 5 to 7 diagrammatically illustrate apparatus employing the invention.
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates a reversing mill
  • FIGURES 6 and 7 illustrate multi-stand mills.
  • FIGURE 1 the characteristic OP defines the range of outgoing sections, in terms of reduction AH and spread AB relative to an origin 0 representing the ingoing height A and width B, which can be obtained with variation of the roll gap and, thereby, height.
  • the origin 0 represents rolling with a gap greater than or equal to the ingoing stock height whereby no reduction or spread occurs, while as the roll gap decreases reduction and spread occur to produce a section (AAH) (B-l-AB).
  • a required stock section can be rolled from a unique range of ingoing stock sections without changing the roll gap and which range can be represented by a characteristic curve such as OP in FIGURE 2, but with the origin 0 now representing required section A B produced by reduction AB and spread AH from ingoing stock section (AAH) (B+AB).
  • point P represents the stock section A B immediately prior to the penultimate pass and the curve therethrough represents the unique range of sections which can be rolled from such stock as in FIGURE 1.
  • the origin represents the required stock section AXB and the curve therethrough represents the unique range of ingoing sections for the last pasS which can result in the required section as in FIGURE 2.
  • the two curves then have a unique intersection P which represents the section A B to be produced by the penultimate pass whereby the last pass can produce the required section.
  • a diiferent intersection P is relevant and correspondingly different rolling is possible to produce the required stock section.
  • the required stock section is produced by one pass with a predetermined rolling gap by controlling the roll gap setting of the preceding pass to produce an intermediate section for presentation to the second pass which intermediate section will roll to the required product section with the predetermined rolling gap.
  • Effective fixing of the second pass rolling gap will be produced directly by the roll gap setting in most mill forms relevant to the present invention, since billet, rod and such like mills are normally stiff, that is to say they do not exhibit significant spring or stretch during rolling.
  • the rolling gap does not correspond sufiiciently to the actual setting to give a desired accuracy, then automatic control devices of similar form to those employed for strip gauge control can be used to maintain the rolling gap at a substantially predetermined value.
  • Automatic control of rolling to produce a required rectangular section, as above, in two passes can be achieved then by a predictive control system on the basis of the ingoing sectional measurements of the stock for the first of the two passes and predetermined expressions or characteristics relating reduction and spread as produced by the mill stand or stands through which the passes are to be made. This can be achieved by use of a variety of theoretically produced relationships for reduction and spread or by relationships derived empirically with trial passes.
  • the curvilinear ranges will exist for other shapes of ingoing stock as may be produced by a preceding pass and a particular case of interest is that of the diamond-square sequence.
  • a range of diamond shapes of different degrees of fill may be obtained by varying the roll gap; and, for the square pass, there is a range of diamonds produced by different gap settings and each with a respective width that can give an accurate product.
  • the diamond pass gap can be controlled to give an intermediate diamond product which can, in turn, be rolled to the required square dimensions.
  • FIGURE 5 there is shown stock 10 going through the penultimate pass of a reversing mill 11 the screwdown setting of which is adjustable and under the control of a controller 12.
  • a gauge 13 of known type measures the height and width of the stock coming out of the mill.
  • the controller 12 receives information concerning the desired final stock output from the last pass of the reversing mill; the height and width measurements as given by gauge 13; information relating to the nominal size of the material prior to rolling; the diameter of the rolls of the penultimate pass; the spread coeflicient of the rod.
  • controller 12 is arranged to so modify the screwdown of the mill 11 during the penultimate pass that a section in accordance with this relationship is obtained.
  • the Weighting of the errors may be determined empirically instead of mathematically.
  • the controller 12 may take the form of a digital analogue computing machine of known type which is programmed with the weighting of the errors in height and width.
  • the stand 11 may be provided with automatic gauge control or like means for the last pass to keep the roll gap of the last pass at a desired constant value if the spring of the stand is sufficient to Warrant it.
  • the ideal setting for the penultimate pass is that which causes stock to be presented to the last pass having such a cross-section compared with the roll gap of the last pass that stock of the desired cross-section is discharged from the last pass.
  • FIGURE 6 illustrates a multi-stand rod mill having a very simple form of control. Such control is suitable if the space between the stands is small compared with the overall length of the rod being rolled.
  • a rod 14 is shown first entering controlled penultimate stand 15 and then entering last "stand 16. If the spring of stand 16 is sufficient to warrant it, this stand may be provided with automatic gauge control or like means to keep the roll gap at the desired constant value.
  • the rolling planes of stands 15 and 16 are mutually perpendicular.
  • a gauge 17 of known form measures the width of the rod leaving stand 16. This measurement together with the desired width setting is fed into a differencing circuit 18 of known form and any Width error is presented to a control circuit 20 arranged to adjust the screwdown of stand 15.
  • the ideal setting for the stand 15 is that which presents rod to the stand 16 having such a cross-section compared with the roll gap at this stand that the rod of the desired cross-section is discharged from stand 16.
  • FIGURE 7 illustrates a multi-stand billet mill provided with the form of control of the invention.
  • a billet 21 is shown passing through stands 22, 23, controlled penultimate and adjustable stand 24 and last stand 25.
  • the rolling planes of successive stands are in mutually perpendicular planes. If the spring of stand 25 is sulficient to warrant it, this stand may be provided with automatic gauge control or like means to keep the roll gap at the desired constant value.
  • a gauge 26 of known form and measuring billet height and width may be located between stands 23 and 24 or between stands 24 and 25.
  • a further gauge 27 of known form measures height and width of the billet being discharged from stand 25.
  • a controller is shown at 28 and into this is fed: the actual billet height and width from gauge 27; the billet height and which from gauge 26; the required finished size of the billet, and information relating to the nominal size of the material prior to rolling, the
  • the output from the controller is presented to the stand 24 for adjustment of the roll gap at that stand.
  • each rolling sequence there is associated a set of correct values for the dimensions of the billet leaving each stand.
  • the deviations of the height and width of the material entering the stand 24 i.e. rolled by stand 23
  • gauge 26 in its full line position
  • These deviations from the nominally correct values must obey a relationship which may be represented by a linear equation in which the mathematically weighted values of the errors in height and width of the material entering stand 24 and the deviation in the screwdown setting of stand 24 sum to zero or a constant value.
  • the controller 28 is arranged and constructed to predict (or calculate) the value of the screwdown deviation in order that the relationship shall be obtained.
  • the weighting of the errors may be determined empirically but, in the preferred method of application, they may be updated or corrected by observing, with the use of gauge 27, errors that occur in the billet that issues from stand 25. By means of a mathematical regression analysis technique using these errors, the weighting of the errors in height and width of the billet entering stand 24 and the correction to be made to the roll gap at this stand may be adjusted so that errors in the billet discharging from stand 25 are eliminated.
  • the controller 28 which performs the calculations for corrections and for up-dating the control correction equations may take the form of a digital or analogue computing machine of known type.
  • the technique of the controller illustrated in FIGURE 5 may be used.
  • the gauge 26 will be in its dotted line position and the errors measured will be those that enter stand 25, and the screwdown actuation of stand 24 is such that the weighted sum of the deviations in height and width sum to zero or a constant value. Corrections to this weighting may be made as previously described, use being made of gauge 27.
  • the ideal setting for the stand 24 is that which presents a billet to the stand 25 having such a cross-section compared with the roll gap at this stand that the billet discharged from stand 25 has the desired cross-section.
  • a method of rolling stock in a mill for producing stock having a desired final cross-section in at least two passes comprising the steps of:
  • a mill for producing stock having a desired final cross-section in at least two passes comprising:
  • a mill as described in claim 4 including means for 7 8 measuring a cross-sectional dimension of the stock dis- References Cited ghggiigolflggaslald penultimate pass in order to produce UNITED STATES PATENTS s.
  • a mill as described in claim 4 including means for 2,012,706 8/1935 Biggert 72229 measuring a cross-sectional dimension of the stock dis- 5 3332084 2/1966 Suns 72 16 charged from the last pass in order to produce a control 3148916 5/1966 Kenyon et a1 7212 signal- MILTON s. MEHR, Primary Examiner 9.
  • a mill as described in claim 4 including means for measuring a cross-sectional dimension of the stock discharged immediately upstream of the penultimate stand 10 72229; 234 in order to produce a control signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
US558071A 1965-06-16 1966-06-16 Billet mill wherein the rolling gap is controlled during the penultimate pass and fixed during the final pass Expired - Lifetime US3468145A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB25437/65A GB1150073A (en) 1965-06-16 1965-06-16 Improvements in or relating to rolling

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US3468145A true US3468145A (en) 1969-09-23

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CH (1) CH513682A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1527610B2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1150073A (enrdf_load_html_response)
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3543548A (en) * 1968-08-27 1970-12-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method and computer control system for operating a slabbing mill
US3650135A (en) * 1968-06-14 1972-03-21 British Iron Steel Research Control for rolling means having successine rolling stands
US3712095A (en) * 1969-09-26 1973-01-23 Davy & United Eng Co Ltd Slab rolling
EP0435547A3 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-12-04 British Steel Plc Improvements in and relating to control systems for rolling mills

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4248072A (en) * 1978-07-25 1981-02-03 Aichi Steel Works, Limited Method of and apparatus for producing plate material having uniform width and lengthwise thickness variation
SU1110377A3 (ru) * 1981-09-30 1984-08-23 Мицубиси Денки Кабусики Кайся (Фирма) Устройство дл регулировани геометрических размеров полосы на стане непрерывной прокатки
AT387531B (de) * 1983-04-26 1989-02-10 Gfm Fertigungstechnik Walzanlage zum walzen insbesondere von flachstahl
RU2165807C1 (ru) * 1999-12-27 2001-04-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Западно-Сибирский металлургический комбинат" Вытяжной ящичный калибр

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2012706A (en) * 1934-01-20 1935-08-27 United Eng Foundry Co Method of rolling metal strip
US3232084A (en) * 1961-04-13 1966-02-01 Davy & United Eng Co Ltd Mill control systems
US3248916A (en) * 1962-09-21 1966-05-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Workpiece shape control with a rolling mill

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2012706A (en) * 1934-01-20 1935-08-27 United Eng Foundry Co Method of rolling metal strip
US3232084A (en) * 1961-04-13 1966-02-01 Davy & United Eng Co Ltd Mill control systems
US3248916A (en) * 1962-09-21 1966-05-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp Workpiece shape control with a rolling mill

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3650135A (en) * 1968-06-14 1972-03-21 British Iron Steel Research Control for rolling means having successine rolling stands
US3543548A (en) * 1968-08-27 1970-12-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method and computer control system for operating a slabbing mill
US3712095A (en) * 1969-09-26 1973-01-23 Davy & United Eng Co Ltd Slab rolling
EP0435547A3 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-12-04 British Steel Plc Improvements in and relating to control systems for rolling mills

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SE309400B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1969-03-24
DE1527610A1 (de) 1970-01-22
CH513682A (fr) 1971-10-15
DE1527610B2 (de) 1979-09-20
GB1150073A (en) 1969-04-30

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