US3466357A - Method and apparatus for spinning organic high polymers - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for spinning organic high polymers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3466357A
US3466357A US599782A US3466357DA US3466357A US 3466357 A US3466357 A US 3466357A US 599782 A US599782 A US 599782A US 3466357D A US3466357D A US 3466357DA US 3466357 A US3466357 A US 3466357A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spinning
melt
nozzle
temperature
heating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US599782A
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English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Schippers
Karl Ostertag
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Glanzstoff AG
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Glanzstoff AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
    • B29C48/865—Heating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for spinning organic polymers, in particular quickly decomposing or strongly afterpolymerizing polymers, by means of fusion spinning installations heated with a liquid or gaseous medium.
  • Difficulties of a special kind result where certain high viscosity polymers are spun, for example, polyesters with high solution viscosity. If they are heated only enough that during the period of dwell in the spinning head the degradation of the chains stays Within tolerable limits, spinning difiiculties and unsatisfactory thread qualities are the result. If the heating takes place to the point where good spinning is possible, however, degradation within the spinning apparatus becomes very substantial and the quality of the filaments is generally considerably below the quality obtainable from the original material.
  • a heat-conducting connection between the nozzle block and pump block existed only at the relatively small sealing surface since air gaps existed between the heating box walls and the nozzle package. Consequently, except via the small connection at the sealing spot, at the entire circumference heat could only arrive in the nozzle package through radiation while the reflection in particular of the nozzle plate towards the bottom was considerable. Consequently, this installation was practically not suitable for the spinning of quickly decomposing, highly viscous polymers such as, for example, polyesters with high dissolving viscosity, or of such high polymers which are prone to strong subsequent condensation or subsequent polymerization since in order to guarantee good spinnability the temperature at the entry into the nozzle package still had to lie above the optimum spinning temperature.
  • the unit consisting of filter, bracket plate and nozzle was placed in the heating box from above.
  • the delivery of the melt took place from the side.
  • a pressure mechanism was set up which pressed a sealing surface existing at the so-called packet against the melt line. Therefore, a ring slot around the nozzle unit could not be avoided so that the heating of the latter took place through radiation.
  • Metallic contact existed only in the small sealing surface and possibly still at the place of contact with the pressure spindle.
  • the air gap had a width of approximately 1 mm. which resulted in temperature differences between heating medium and nozzle plate edge of approximately 7 C. (depending upon the spinning temperature).
  • the heating box temperature to be selected is substantially independent of the throughput rate.
  • the faultless spinning of polymers which either decompose quickly or after polymerize in undesired manner at high temperatures is made possible without damage to or undesired change in their structure.
  • the desired results are obtained by a method utilizing melt spinning installations heated with a liquid or gaseous medium wherein the heating of the conveying means and of the spinning unit is undertaken separately by conduction and through heat radiation below the thread outlet and parallel, or approximately parallel, to the emerging threads, heat which works against the radiation of the nozzle surface is supplied over the emitting surfaces.
  • the polymers are fed to the spinning installation with a melt temperature which is below the spinning temperature and are heated to the spinning temperature immediately before the thread formation.
  • Example 1 Measurements for comparison with the known equipment for melt spinning should make clear the importance of the metallic contact, that is, the contact which transfers the heat very well at the sealing area of the nozzle unit and the melt conduit. Between the nozzle unit and the melt conduit in one case aluminum rings were used while in the other case rings made of material which does not readily conduct heat were used.
  • Example 2 In a further test series, the influence of the throughput quantity upon the temperature differences between nozzle plate on the one hand and melt and heating box on the other hand was examined with the same installation (with aluminum sealing ring). Table II shows the average values of the measurings.
  • Example 3 The installation according to the invention was compared with the known installation at four spinning places during which process a titer of 40/10 den. was spun which corresponded to a throughput quantity of 13.8 g./min.
  • the values set forth in Table III are average values taken from the measuring data.
  • the average values for the temperature differences were determined from the differences of the individual values and not from the left
  • the temperature of the nozzle plate was higher than that of the melt at two of the four spinning places, in one case by 3.6 C., in the other case by 0.9 C. which evidently has to be attributed to the fact that the contact between auxiliary case and contact surface was especially good.
  • Example 3 shows that when the conditions according to the invention are maintained the throughput rate-as especially shown by the two cases with higher nozzle temperature than melt temperatureis practically of no importance. Since the temperature of the heating medium may be considerably lower than in the case of the known installations, it is also guaranteed that undesired local overheating of the melt is avoided.
  • the device is characterized by the fact that the pump block and nozzle unit can be heated separately and over large contact surfaces in which case the nozzle unit is connected to the pump block by a melt line variable in its length which melt line can be pressed in sealing manner on the intake port of the nozzle unit, simultaneously bringing the latter into intimate contact with the contact surface, at the side opposite to the contact surface by means of a stretching device, and in that below the nozzle plate an opening heated all around for the passing through of the filaments is set up in the heating box extending in a manner known in itself up to below the nozzle unit, the walls of which opening run parallel or approximately parallel to the threads emerging from the nozzle.
  • the nozzle unit in a manner known in itself consisting of nozzle plate, bracket plate and filter unit, besides an intake piece according to the invention, is combined in an auxiliary case.
  • the melt line variable in its length, at its lower end showing a pressure piece which can be pressed on the inlet piece of the nozzle unit by means of a pressure device shows one or several spiral windings for the obtaining of the variability of the length; in another model, the variability of the length is obtained by means of an expansion piece, similar to a stuffing box, constructed out of two tubes gliding in one another in sealing manner.
  • FIGURE 1 is a section through a melt spinning head according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a special model of the expansion piece for the melt line variable in its length
  • FIGURE 3 is a section through a melt spinning head similar to FIG. 1 in the case of which through setting up of a partition two separate heating cycles are created; and in FIGURE 4 the course of the lines of the same temperature in a melt spinning heat is shown corresponding to FIG. 3 at stationary operation.
  • heating box 1, 2, 3 encloses interior space 6 for the reception of the pump block 7, 8 and of the nozzle unit 24 to 30, which space is in customary manner sealed in heat-insulating manner.
  • the connections for the heating medium are not shown in the drawing.
  • Opening 5 at the upper end of interior space 6 accommodates the melt line which is connected with the intermediate piece 8 located in front of the pump over washer 9.
  • the nozzle unit consists of nozzle plate 25, bracket plate 27, filter unit 28 and inflow piece 29 and is C0111]- bined in an auxiliary case 24.
  • a multipart pressure plate 30 may be inserted in a recess by means of the screws 32 in order to hold the nozzle unit in the auxiliary case.
  • Washer 26 serves to seal off the auxiliary case.
  • an opening 4 is located in the heating box which is proportioned in such a manner that the filaments can pass through without wall contact.
  • This opening is likewise heated all around and its walls seal at the upper end exactly with the bottom surface 34 of the interior space 6 into which the auxiliary case 24 with the nozzle unit is placed.
  • melt line 10 leads to the inflow piece 29, which line shows a spiral winding 11. Because of this, it is elastically variable in its length.
  • the lower end of the melt line opens into a pressure piece 12 at the outer sides of which, lying parallel to the drawing plane, respectively a cylindrical pin, being in alignment with one another, is placed.
  • a bearing block 15 is attached to the inner wall of the heating box.
  • a pressure device consisting of the double lever 14, a horizontal draw pin set up at the front end of this lever in appropriate bores, of a return spring, on the one hand attached to the bearing block and on the other hand touching the double lever 14, and of a tension lock 18, 19, 23 is attached in swiveling manner to the bearing block 15, connected with it in such a manner that it can be swiveled around the horizontal axis 16 of the bearing block 15.
  • the lower bolt 19 of the stretching device is seated in a slot 22 in the extended inner wall 2 of the case.
  • the two side jaws of the double lever 14 show coaxial bores fitting on the pins 13.
  • a slot 35 is provided in order to obtain exactly defined conditions with regard to the heat transmission.
  • This slot is not absolutely necessary since because of the heat accumulation in the angle 'the temperature dilference becomes very small even in the case of the lateral contacting of the auxiliary case, especially since the shortest route for the heat flow toward the nozzle plate is through contact surface 37.
  • FIG. 2 Another possibility for varying the length of line 10 is shown in FIG. 2.
  • a cylindrical slide piece 38 is set up at the shortened lower end of melt line 10 coming out of intermediate piece 8.
  • its bore is enlarged from the diameter of melt line 10 over a conical part 42 and ends in a very thin-walled end piece 41.
  • Cylindrical slide piece 38 sits in the very accurately adapted bore 40 of a small tube 39 in such a manner that it is slidable in longitudinal direction and sealed by sealing rings 43, the small tube 39 being rigidly connected to pressure piece 12 at its lower end.
  • Inner bore 40- of small tube 39 passes at the lower end again over into the inner diameter 45 of melt line 10 via cone 44.
  • FIG. 4 shows the temperature distribution in space 58 containing the nozzle unit of an installation according to FIG. 3, in this case the slot 35 being omitted.
  • the lines of equal temperatures 53 to 56 are provided with numerical values and supply, together with the examples, a picture of the effect of the measures according to the invention.
  • Apparatus for spinning organic polymers which comprises in combination: a melt spinning head including a separated pump block and nozzle unit; means for separately heating said pump block and said nozzle unit over large contact surface by means of a liquid or gaseous medium; a melt conduit connecting said pump block and said nozzle unit, said melt conduit being variable in its length; pressure means for pressing the melt conduit in sealing relationship onto the inlet opening of said nozzle unit on the side opposite the heat conducting contact surface of said nozzle unit; pressure means serving to bring the nozzle unit into intimate contact with said heat conducting contact surface; and an opening defined by heated walls below the nozzle unit for the passage of filaments from said unit.
  • melt conduit includes at least one elastic spiral winding.
  • heating box is divided into two heating segments by a partition above the nozzle unit and means to supply heat separately to said segments.
  • said pressure means includes a spring loaded tension arm, one end of said tension arm being functionally attached to locking means.
  • melt conduit includes an expansion member consisting of two tubes slidably mounted one Within the other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US599782A 1965-12-18 1966-12-07 Method and apparatus for spinning organic high polymers Expired - Lifetime US3466357A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEV29972A DE1292306B (de) 1965-12-18 1965-12-18 Schmelzspinnvorrichtung

Publications (1)

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US3466357A true US3466357A (en) 1969-09-09

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US599782A Expired - Lifetime US3466357A (en) 1965-12-18 1966-12-07 Method and apparatus for spinning organic high polymers

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3466357A (de)
JP (1) JPS5542161B1 (de)
AT (1) AT285027B (de)
BE (1) BE690762A (de)
CH (1) CH439573A (de)
DE (1) DE1292306B (de)
ES (2) ES334428A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1505152A (de)
GB (1) GB1165927A (de)
LU (1) LU52271A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6615392A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3655314A (en) * 1969-02-19 1972-04-11 Barmag Barmer Maschf Spinning apparatus composed of modular spinning units on common heating beam
US3817672A (en) * 1971-04-27 1974-06-18 Barmag Barmer Maschf Spinning apparatus with vaporous heating jacket
US4045534A (en) * 1974-05-24 1977-08-30 Allied Chemical Corporation Process for melt-spinning synthetic fibers
US4698008A (en) * 1984-06-22 1987-10-06 Barmag Ag Melt spinning apparatus
US5601856A (en) * 1993-09-08 1997-02-11 Rieter Automatik Gmbh Spinning beam
WO2000044967A1 (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company High speed melt spinning of fluoropolymer fibers
US20060201000A1 (en) * 2005-01-24 2006-09-14 Mccallum Gary Wallboard cutting tool
US20100015266A1 (en) * 2007-02-24 2010-01-21 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for melt-spinning synthetic filaments
CN103484958A (zh) * 2013-09-22 2014-01-01 中国纺织科学研究院 牵伸丝用热箱和牵伸丝用加热系统
EP4033014A1 (de) * 2020-12-23 2022-07-27 TMT Machinery, Inc. Schmelzspinnvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3737506A (en) * 1970-04-03 1973-06-05 Viscose Suisse Soc D Process and apparatus for continuous extrusion of highly-viscous melts
IT1276034B1 (it) * 1994-11-10 1997-10-24 Barmag Barmer Maschf Traversa di filatura per la filatura di una pluralita' di fili sintetici e procedimento per la sua produzione
TW311945B (de) * 1994-11-23 1997-08-01 Barmag Barmer Maschf

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US594888A (en) * 1897-12-07 millar
US2437704A (en) * 1943-11-24 1948-03-16 Celanese Corp Method and apparatus for the melt extrusion of artificial materials
US2437687A (en) * 1943-11-24 1948-03-16 Celanese Corp Melt extrusion of artificial filaments, films and the like and apparatus therefor
US2611928A (en) * 1948-11-23 1952-09-30 American Viscose Corp Method for producing high tenacity artificial yarn and cord
GB816016A (en) * 1955-12-08 1959-07-08 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to melt spinning process and apparatus
GB824432A (en) * 1956-12-08 1959-12-02 Glanzstoff Ag A process for the production of fine threads from aliphatic polyolefines of high molecular weight
US2953428A (en) * 1955-06-22 1960-09-20 Union Carbide Corp Production of polychlorotrifluoroethylene textiles
US3010147A (en) * 1957-02-08 1961-11-28 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus and process for melt spinning
GB903427A (en) * 1958-01-21 1962-08-15 Inventa Ag Improvements relating to processes for the melt spinning of synthetic thermo-plasticmaterial
US3130448A (en) * 1961-05-11 1964-04-28 Fmc Corp Method and apparatus for spinning artificial filaments
GB973085A (en) * 1960-06-10 1964-10-21 Fmc Corp Production of polypropylene filamentary materials
US3257487A (en) * 1963-03-04 1966-06-21 Allied Chem Melt spinning of epsilon-polycaproamide filament
US3360597A (en) * 1964-06-03 1967-12-26 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Melt-spinning of synthetic linear polymers

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE465269A (de) * 1939-03-28

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US594888A (en) * 1897-12-07 millar
US2437704A (en) * 1943-11-24 1948-03-16 Celanese Corp Method and apparatus for the melt extrusion of artificial materials
US2437687A (en) * 1943-11-24 1948-03-16 Celanese Corp Melt extrusion of artificial filaments, films and the like and apparatus therefor
US2611928A (en) * 1948-11-23 1952-09-30 American Viscose Corp Method for producing high tenacity artificial yarn and cord
US2953428A (en) * 1955-06-22 1960-09-20 Union Carbide Corp Production of polychlorotrifluoroethylene textiles
GB816016A (en) * 1955-12-08 1959-07-08 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to melt spinning process and apparatus
GB824432A (en) * 1956-12-08 1959-12-02 Glanzstoff Ag A process for the production of fine threads from aliphatic polyolefines of high molecular weight
US3010147A (en) * 1957-02-08 1961-11-28 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus and process for melt spinning
GB903427A (en) * 1958-01-21 1962-08-15 Inventa Ag Improvements relating to processes for the melt spinning of synthetic thermo-plasticmaterial
GB973085A (en) * 1960-06-10 1964-10-21 Fmc Corp Production of polypropylene filamentary materials
US3130448A (en) * 1961-05-11 1964-04-28 Fmc Corp Method and apparatus for spinning artificial filaments
US3257487A (en) * 1963-03-04 1966-06-21 Allied Chem Melt spinning of epsilon-polycaproamide filament
US3360597A (en) * 1964-06-03 1967-12-26 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Melt-spinning of synthetic linear polymers

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3655314A (en) * 1969-02-19 1972-04-11 Barmag Barmer Maschf Spinning apparatus composed of modular spinning units on common heating beam
US3817672A (en) * 1971-04-27 1974-06-18 Barmag Barmer Maschf Spinning apparatus with vaporous heating jacket
US4045534A (en) * 1974-05-24 1977-08-30 Allied Chemical Corporation Process for melt-spinning synthetic fibers
US4698008A (en) * 1984-06-22 1987-10-06 Barmag Ag Melt spinning apparatus
US5601856A (en) * 1993-09-08 1997-02-11 Rieter Automatik Gmbh Spinning beam
WO2000044967A1 (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company High speed melt spinning of fluoropolymer fibers
US20060201000A1 (en) * 2005-01-24 2006-09-14 Mccallum Gary Wallboard cutting tool
US20100015266A1 (en) * 2007-02-24 2010-01-21 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for melt-spinning synthetic filaments
CN103484958A (zh) * 2013-09-22 2014-01-01 中国纺织科学研究院 牵伸丝用热箱和牵伸丝用加热系统
CN103484958B (zh) * 2013-09-22 2016-03-30 中国纺织科学研究院 牵伸丝用热箱和牵伸丝用加热系统
EP4033014A1 (de) * 2020-12-23 2022-07-27 TMT Machinery, Inc. Schmelzspinnvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1292306B (de) 1969-04-10
GB1165927A (en) 1969-10-01
CH439573A (de) 1967-07-15
FR1505152A (fr) 1967-12-08
ES334428A1 (es) 1968-03-01
BE690762A (de) 1967-05-16
JPS5542161B1 (de) 1980-10-29
AT285027B (de) 1970-10-12
NL6615392A (de) 1967-06-19
ES346262A1 (es) 1969-01-01
LU52271A1 (de) 1966-12-28

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