US3462938A - Processes for producing crimped heterofilament yarns - Google Patents

Processes for producing crimped heterofilament yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3462938A
US3462938A US544721A US3462938DA US3462938A US 3462938 A US3462938 A US 3462938A US 544721 A US544721 A US 544721A US 3462938D A US3462938D A US 3462938DA US 3462938 A US3462938 A US 3462938A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
crimp
filaments
yarns
heterofilaments
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Expired - Lifetime
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US544721A
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English (en)
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Parvez Naoroji Mehta
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0286—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
    • D02G1/022—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting while simultaneously drawing the yarn

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved process for the production of crimped heterofilament yarns.
  • the polymer components are normally different polymers which differ in respect of those physical properties which will cause the filament to crimp, e.g., in shrinkage and/ or recovery properties.
  • the components may also be of the same polymeric material, but differing in respect of their degree of polymerisation.
  • the crimp is usually developed by subjecting the filaments to a relaxing process, e.g., overfeeding into a hot-air tube, after they have been drawn; and in it the latter mentioned type the crimp frequently occurs spontaneously when the tension in the filaments is released after drawing, although the crimp may often be further developed by a hot relaxing process.
  • the present invention provides a method for the manufacture of a crimped multifilament drawn yarn containing a major proportion of potentially crimpable heterofilaments wherein the filaments in the yarn are separated before the crimp is developed.
  • the crimp in the heterofilaments may be developed, in the case of spontaneously crimping heterofilaments, by relaxation of the drawing tension, but it is preferred that it be developed by subjecting the yarn to a heat re- 3,462,938 Patented Aug. .26, 1969 ice traction treatment.
  • Such treatment involves heating the separated filaments with, for example, hot air, steam or radiant heat, whilst they are in an untensioned free to shrink condition.
  • the filaments may be overfed into a hot air tube, in which the temperature of the air is in the range of 150 C. to 300 C.
  • the term potentially crimpable when applied to heterofilaments includes drawn filaments which crimp on release of drawing tension as well as drawn filaments which crimp only when subjected to a heat retraction treatment.
  • a yarn containing a major proportion of heterofilamerits is meant a yarn in which at least two thirds of the filaments are heterofilaments.
  • the filaments may be separated by inserting a false twist into the yarn which twist is substantially removed before the hot retraction treatment. Conveniently this separation may take place during the drawing process.
  • a suitable apparatus for achieving this effect is described in the specification of British Patent 890,053 and is illustrated in the sole figure herein.
  • the apparatus comprises means for drawing yarn consisting of a feed roll 1 and a draw roll 3 spaced a distance apart, with a snubbing pin 2 therebetween.
  • the draw roll which is associated with a separator roll 4, is provided with a flange 5 which causes a yarn 7 in contact therewith to be rotated about its axis. No means for heating the yarn 7 during its passage between the two sets of rolls is employed.
  • undrawn yarn containing at least 66 percet of heterofilaments, in a substantially twistless condition is passed round the feed roll 1 to the snubbing pin 2 around which it makes about two passes and thence to the draw roll 3.
  • the yarn 7 makes frictional contact with the flange 5 which causes the yarn 7 to rotate about its axis and imparts a false twist thereto.
  • Sinme heat is not applied to the yarn 7 during the process the false twist is not set and the yarn 7 becomes substantially free thereof before it is wound up, any twist liveliness remaining being insufficient to impart additional bulk to the yarn.
  • the yarn 7 is subjected to a hot retraction treatment under low tension, conveniently a tube 8 through which the yarn passes and into which hot air or steam can be introduced, and is subsequently wound up as a cheese or on a bobbin 6, the crimp being largely pulled out during wind-up.
  • a hot retraction treatment under low tension, conveniently a tube 8 through which the yarn passes and into which hot air or steam can be introduced, and is subsequently wound up as a cheese or on a bobbin 6, the crimp being largely pulled out during wind-up.
  • the yarn was undra-wn 360 denier 30 filament yarn, the filaments being potentially crimpable two-component side-by-side heterofilaments composed of 66 nylon as one component and an /20 copolymer of 66 nylon and 6 nylon as the other component there being equal proportions by volume of each of these components.
  • Example 1 the yarn was processed using the apparatus described above for separation of the filaments by the insertion of a temporary false-twist during drawing.
  • the yarn was drawn at 1000 ft./min. at a draw ratio of 4.0, relaxed by a controlled amount in a tube through which was passed hot air at 230 C. to develop the crimp in the yarn and then wound up on a surface driven roll, the speed of the roll being adjusted to give a wind-up tension of 0.2 g. per denier. Most of the crimp was pulled out of the yarn during winding.
  • the yarn was knitted into a TABLE 1 Percent retraction Percent Bulk in Bulk in in crimp fabric fabric relaxation retraction Percent after after B W 1
  • Example treatment of yarn shrinkage knitting treatment 1 10.0 24.2 3.6 Poor A. Good. 2 10.0 11.4 2.7 Nil Poor.
  • the percentage crimp retraction which is a measure of yarn bulkiness, was determined as follows. A 50 cm. skein of yarn was boiled for one minute under a load of 1.2 10- g./d. dried in air for one hour under the same load and the length of the skein b measured. The same skein was then loaded to 0.33 g./d. in air and the length measured 0. Crimp retraction (C.R.) was then calculated from the expression Shrinkage was determined by loading a 50 cm. skein to 0.33 g./d. in air and measuring its length a.
  • Air temperatures below 150 C. were found to be insufficient to develop the crimp in the yarn.
  • the method of the present invention is not, of course, limited to use with heterofilaments consisting of polyamides, and heterofilaments composed of any polymer pairs exhibiting a potential crimp may be used.
  • a temporary false twist to separate the filaments in the yarn may be achieved by any other convenient process, for example by the use of a false twist bush, of the type described in the specification of British Patent No. 797,051, between the draw rolls and the hot retraction stage in place of the flange in the above described method.
  • the process may, if desired, be carried out on a substantially twistless drawn yarn taken from a cheese, but it is clearly advantageous economically to combine the process with the drawing process.
  • the invention is not limited to the separation of filaments of the yarn by insertion of a temporary false twist, any other convenient method of separation may be employed, thus the filaments may be separated by means of an air jet, but care should be taken to ensure that the filaments do not become so tightly intermingled as to inhibit the formation of crimp in the same way as in a standard yarn.
  • This method for the separation of filaments in a yarn is, however, less effective than that previously described.
  • a method for the manufacture of a crimped multifilament drawn yarn comprising at least two thirds potentially crimpable heterofilaments, said method comprising temporarily separating the filaments forming the yarn from each other without separating the components of the individual filaments and developing the crimp in said filaments while separated.
  • a method according to claim 2 wherein the heat retraction treatment comprises overfeeding the yarn into a heated tube.
  • a method according to claim 7 including passing the undrawn yarn round a first set of feed rolls thence to a snubbing pin around which it makes about two passes and finally to a draw roll fitted with a flange with which the yarn makes contact in its passage to the said draw roll and rotating the yarn about its axis and imparting a false twist thereto.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US544721A 1965-05-10 1966-04-25 Processes for producing crimped heterofilament yarns Expired - Lifetime US3462938A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB19627/65A GB1119551A (en) 1965-05-10 1965-05-10 Improvements in or relating to processes for producing crimped heterofilament yarns

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US3462938A true US3462938A (en) 1969-08-26

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US (1) US3462938A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE680817A (en(2012))
CH (1) CH437618A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE1660377A1 (en(2012))
GB (1) GB1119551A (en(2012))
LU (1) LU51044A1 (en(2012))
NL (1) NL6606279A (en(2012))

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3581487A (en) * 1968-07-16 1971-06-01 Courtaulds Ltd Yarn drawing machine
US3651633A (en) * 1970-10-27 1972-03-28 Fiber Industries Inc Flange false twist textured nylon
US3710565A (en) * 1969-09-16 1973-01-16 Bayer Ag Elastic textured yarn and a process for its production
US3724196A (en) * 1970-05-28 1973-04-03 Celanese Corp High speed texturing of synthetic continuous filament yarn
US3910027A (en) * 1972-12-05 1975-10-07 Bayer Ag Process for the simultaneous stretch texturing of filament yarn
US3973387A (en) * 1974-04-15 1976-08-10 Monsanto Company Low delivery tension process for producing crimped yarn
US4115989A (en) * 1977-05-02 1978-09-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Product and process

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018609A (en) * 1957-07-26 1962-01-30 Bayer Ag Process for the hot stretching of yarns of synthetic materials
US3069837A (en) * 1959-06-30 1962-12-25 Du Pont Twisting process
US3094834A (en) * 1959-07-03 1963-06-25 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus for simultaneously stretching and falsetwisting yarn
US3111805A (en) * 1959-01-28 1963-11-26 Du Pont Randomly looped filamentary blend
US3117906A (en) * 1961-06-20 1964-01-14 Du Pont Composite filament
GB950429A (en) * 1961-08-18 1964-02-26 Du Pont Composite filaments of linear polyamides and their production
US3137119A (en) * 1961-06-14 1964-06-16 Chavanoz Moulinage Retorderie Process for the production of high bulk yarns
US3225534A (en) * 1961-03-31 1965-12-28 Du Pont Differential shrinkage yarn
US3273328A (en) * 1965-02-04 1966-09-20 Bloch Godfrey Process and apparatus for making bulked filament yarns
US3329757A (en) * 1963-12-26 1967-07-04 Monsanto Co Method of texturing filament yarn

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018609A (en) * 1957-07-26 1962-01-30 Bayer Ag Process for the hot stretching of yarns of synthetic materials
US3111805A (en) * 1959-01-28 1963-11-26 Du Pont Randomly looped filamentary blend
US3069837A (en) * 1959-06-30 1962-12-25 Du Pont Twisting process
US3094834A (en) * 1959-07-03 1963-06-25 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus for simultaneously stretching and falsetwisting yarn
US3225534A (en) * 1961-03-31 1965-12-28 Du Pont Differential shrinkage yarn
US3137119A (en) * 1961-06-14 1964-06-16 Chavanoz Moulinage Retorderie Process for the production of high bulk yarns
US3117906A (en) * 1961-06-20 1964-01-14 Du Pont Composite filament
GB950429A (en) * 1961-08-18 1964-02-26 Du Pont Composite filaments of linear polyamides and their production
US3329757A (en) * 1963-12-26 1967-07-04 Monsanto Co Method of texturing filament yarn
US3273328A (en) * 1965-02-04 1966-09-20 Bloch Godfrey Process and apparatus for making bulked filament yarns

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3581487A (en) * 1968-07-16 1971-06-01 Courtaulds Ltd Yarn drawing machine
US3710565A (en) * 1969-09-16 1973-01-16 Bayer Ag Elastic textured yarn and a process for its production
US3724196A (en) * 1970-05-28 1973-04-03 Celanese Corp High speed texturing of synthetic continuous filament yarn
US3651633A (en) * 1970-10-27 1972-03-28 Fiber Industries Inc Flange false twist textured nylon
US3910027A (en) * 1972-12-05 1975-10-07 Bayer Ag Process for the simultaneous stretch texturing of filament yarn
US3973387A (en) * 1974-04-15 1976-08-10 Monsanto Company Low delivery tension process for producing crimped yarn
US4115989A (en) * 1977-05-02 1978-09-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Product and process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE680817A (en(2012)) 1966-11-10
NL6606279A (en(2012)) 1966-11-11
GB1119551A (en) 1968-07-10
CH437618A (de) 1967-06-15
DE1660377A1 (de) 1971-04-22
LU51044A1 (en(2012)) 1966-07-06

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