US3450044A - Colour printing - Google Patents

Colour printing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3450044A
US3450044A US551583A US3450044DA US3450044A US 3450044 A US3450044 A US 3450044A US 551583 A US551583 A US 551583A US 3450044D A US3450044D A US 3450044DA US 3450044 A US3450044 A US 3450044A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
colour
printing
overall
pattern
square
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US551583A
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English (en)
Inventor
William Murray Dixon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Formica International Ltd
Original Assignee
Formica International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Formica International Ltd filed Critical Formica International Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3450044A publication Critical patent/US3450044A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/14—Multicolour printing
    • B41M1/18—Printing one ink over another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
    • B41M1/30—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on organic plastics, horn or similar materials

Definitions

  • a method of colour printing upon sheet material comprises subjecting the material to a first printing operation, whereby it is printed on one side with a first overall pattern comprising rows of closely spaced substantially square-shaped and wholly inked areas, and thereafter subjecting said one side of the material to a second printing operation, whereby the first over-all pattern is overprinted with at least a second overall pattern substantially identical in configuration, size and colour to the first overall pattern but angularly disposed in relation thereto.
  • the square-shaped areas are spaced from each other by a distance of from one-eighth to one-quarter of the side of said square-shaped areas.
  • This invention relates to colour printing and in particular to a process for producing printed sheets and webs which have a uniform overall tone dispersion when viewed at an average viewing distance.
  • the invention concerns more particularly the production of decorative print sheets for use in the manufacture of decorative laminated plastics board but it is by no means limited to this single application.
  • Known decorative sheet materials having uniform or substantially uniform overall tonal effects, exists in a variety of forms; for example, self-coloured sheets, especially sheets of paper incorporating pigments added at the time of manufacture of the paper, are widely used for artistic purposes including the creation of single colour decorative surfaces in laminated plastics boards.
  • One object of this invention is to produce Web or sheet materials each having virtually any desired uniform overall tonal value when viewed from an average viewing distance and which may thus for all practical purposes be regarded as a plain colour, without it being necessary to employ anything more than a very small fraction of the number of separately coloured web or sheet materials that would be necessary to obtain results by the use of previously known methods.
  • a second object of the invention is to provide web or sheet material with a uniform overall tonal value when viewed from an average viewing distance by the application thereto of two or more superimposed printed patterns of such a nature that no specific degree of register is required therebetween and that the problems associated with the undesirable moir elfect do not thus arise.
  • a method of colour printing upon web or sheet material consists in subjecting the material to a first operation, in which it is printed with a first overall pattern comprising rows of spaced substantially square-shaped inked areas, and thereafter subjecting the material to at least a second operation, whereby the first overall pattern is overprinted with at least a second overall pattern substantially identical in configuration, size and colour to the first overall pattern but angularly disposed in relation thereto.
  • the angular disposition of each of them to first pattern i preferably different.
  • the surface of the web or sheet before the printing operations may be white or coloured; preferably, however, the surface colour ranges from white through tonal values of grey to black.
  • the ink used for the printing operations preferably differs in colour or shade from the surface colour of the web or sheet.
  • the printing operations are preferably carried out by the use of printing cylinders, the printing surfaces of which are continuous, that is to say, they are of such a nature that no join is discernable at any point on the surface of the cylinder, thereby permitting unbroken printing therefrom upon web materials of indeterminate length.
  • the square printing zones on the cylinders are preferably intagliated, each such zone comprising a matrix of closely abutting, substantially square-shaped ink retaining cells.
  • the individual cells are produced mechanically by the use of an embossing tool which, in the production of the cylinder, is adapted for incremental advancement longitudinally and circumferentially in relation to the surface of the printing cylinder.
  • overprinting with two or more identical patterns is within the scope of the invention, we have found that particularly good results are obtained with a single overprinting at an angle of between 40 and 50, and more especially at 45 to the first printing.
  • the printed pattern is visible in the finished product to a greater or lesser extent, but, in any event, the processes described in this specification result in the production of decorative sheet material having a desired uniform overall tonal value when viewed at an average viewing distance; by this we mean a distance of, for example, five to eight feet.
  • the implementation of this invention requires the manufacture of web or sheet materials having coloured surfaces ranging from white through tonal values of grey to black, thus obviating the need for such materials to be produced with the exact shade or colour which is required in the finished product.
  • the invention requires the use of a coloured ink, in conjunction with the surface colour of the web or sheet, formulated from or comprising one or more of the three basic colours, black and white; for example, we have found that almost any desired colour effect can be obtained, using webs or sheets having the colours and shades mentioned above, from inks compounded from one or more of the following:
  • the inks employed are preferably sufliciently opaque for brilliant colours to be obtained, but are sufficiently translucent for a visual distinction to be seen between those areas which are overprinted and those which are not.
  • the pattern prominence or contrast differs in accordance with the difference in tonal contrast between the ink colour and the background colour and essentially nonpatterned colour effects are obtained when the orthochromatic tonal values of the coloured ink and the background are substantially equal.
  • the invention lends itself readily to the mass production of printed web material of indeterminate length, because no specific register or coincidence of pattern is required between the first, second and, if used, subsequent printed impressions. No matter where each printing operation starts and finishes, the overall effect is the same and the moir effect cannot occur; this results from the maintenance of angular displacement between one printing and the next and the fact that, between points of near coincidence (that is where the pitch centres of the superimposed angularly disposed squares are in apparent coincidence), the overprinted patterns are progressively tending two dimensionally either towards or away from conditions where such coincidence obtains.
  • the inks used in the production of laminate print sheets are necessarily resin based; they preferably include melamine-formaldehyde resins, but epoxy or urea-formaldehyde resins may alternatively be employed.
  • Such inks must, furthermore, be colourfast and physically stable in a general sense and the pigments, which must be used in order to produce satisfactory results, give rise, in conjunction with the resinous vehicles, to the formulation of relatively viscous inks.
  • good ink transference and coverage is required in laminate print sheets and we have found that the best results on paper are obtained by the use of an intaglio printing process.
  • this invention has a ready application in the decoration of paper materials, it may also be used in conjunction with base materials of other types, e.g., fibrous sheets and webs of other kinds and metallic foils.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 are representations of two separate impressions applied to a sheet of paper
  • FIGURE 3 shows the combined superimposed impressions of FIGURES 1 and 2.
  • Two copper surfaced steel printing cylinders of 30 inch circtunference were prepared with a multiplicity of square modules having a pitch of 14 per linear inch and a spacing therebetween equal to one fifth of the side length of the modules.
  • the modules have been cross-hatched for clarity reasons, but each actually comprises a multicellular structure of twenty-five closely abutting square ink retaining cells each capable of retaining ink in accordance with the well known intaglio printing techniques.
  • Each module was produced by means of a multiple embossing tool, which was incrementally traversed around the circumference and length of the surface of the copper surfaced cylinder in such a manner as to produce the twenty-five cell units simultaneously.
  • the spacing of the modules was carried out by well known techniques, which included the use of a dividing head to position the cylinder in the desired angular position relative to the embossing tool and a traversing screw capable of acurately sitting the tool longitudinally in equal incremental positions along the cylinder.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a first print in which the square inked areas have been printed from a cylinder with its modules normal to the cylinder axis and
  • FIGURE 2 shows a second print in which the square inked areas have been printed from a second cylinder with its modules at 45 to those on the first cylinder. From the combined superimposed printing, shown in FIGURE 3, it can be seen that, because angularly disposed identical squareshaped printing modules were used, any repeat or more correctly near repeat, of the overall pattern occurs at very infrequent intervals.
  • the overall tonal effect is substantially constant, but, on close examination, the finished print can be seen to possess minute sparsely distributed unprinted zones in which the background only is visible, other zones, where one of either inked impressions only is visible on the background, and other zones when both are present in a superimposed manner. It can thus be appreciated that, by the suitabe selection of background and colour impressions, an extremely wide range of tonal effects may be readily produced. It is quite possible to emphasise the texture of the pattern by the selection of suitable colour combination, or, alternatively, the selection may be such that an apparent overall colour effect, in which the pattern is barely visible, is obtained.
  • a light grey surface coloured paper was subjected to the two printing operations described above with reference to FIGURES 1 and 2.
  • the ink used was compounded from mixtures of equal parts of a cobalt blue ink and a cadmium yellow ink (both being melamine-formaldehyde resin based) and the overall effect of the two printings corresponded to the result indicated in FIGURE 3.
  • the resultant green effect was delicately flecked with small grey areas but, when viewed from a distance of six feet, appeared as an overall subtle tone of green.
  • the modular size and pitch of the printed areas may be either larger or smaller than as described above to suit a wide variety of resolution requirements; for example, rollers having twenty-eight modules to the linear inch may be used. Furthermore, if desired, adjacent rows of the square modules may be ofiset in such a manner that the nonprinting zones define continuous straight lines in one direction only.
  • a method of colour printing upon sheet material to provide a decorative sheet material having a substantially uniform overall tonal value and being free from moire cha-racter consisting in subjecting the sheet material to a first operation, whereby it is printed on one side with a first overall pattern comprising rows of substantially square-shaped and-wholly inked areas spaced from each other by a distance not exceeding one quarter of the side of said square-shaped areas, and thereafter subjecting said one side of the material to at least a second operation, whereby the first overall pattern is overprinted with at least a second overall pattern substantially identical in configuration, size, spacing and colour to the first overall pattern but angularly disposed in relation thereto.
  • a method of colour printing as claimed in claim 1 consisting in subjecting the material to more than two operations, the angular dispositions of the subsequent overall patterns being different one from another and from that of the first overall pattern, said subsequent patterns being substantially identical in configuration, size, spacing and colour to the first overall pattern.

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  • Printing Methods (AREA)
US551583A 1965-05-26 1966-05-20 Colour printing Expired - Lifetime US3450044A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB22382/65A GB1095814A (en) 1965-05-26 1965-05-26 Improvements in colour printing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3450044A true US3450044A (en) 1969-06-17

Family

ID=10178490

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US551583A Expired - Lifetime US3450044A (en) 1965-05-26 1966-05-20 Colour printing

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3450044A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1571834B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES327190A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1095814A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE325909B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3751282A (en) * 1971-07-08 1973-08-07 Chroma Printing Corp Methods for color printing and articles made thereby
US3874893A (en) * 1970-12-17 1975-04-01 Cherrin Abe Shipping documents device and method
US5622652A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-04-22 Img Group Limited Electrically-conductive liquid for directly printing an electrical circuit component onto a substrate, and a method for making such a liquid
US5656081A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-08-12 Img Group Limited Press for printing an electrical circuit component directly onto a substrate using an electrically-conductive liquid
US6010771A (en) * 1995-10-07 2000-01-04 Bemis Company Inc. Electrical circuit component formed of a conductive liquid printed directly onto a substrate
US6217337B1 (en) * 1997-02-28 2001-04-17 Roberto Olvera-Camacho Method for obtaining a tabulation to display a range of colors which can be reproduced with accuracy
US20070039694A1 (en) * 2003-08-01 2007-02-22 Thomas Walther Method for producing rfid labels

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH680423A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-12-15 1992-08-31 Hans Gruber Dr Ing
GB2227887A (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-08-08 Technology Applic Company Limi Making printed circuits

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2292569A (en) * 1937-11-22 1942-08-11 Columbian Bank Note Company Method of preparation of a continuous film coating
US2380047A (en) * 1942-10-03 1945-07-10 Frank W Hyman Method of and means for applying coatings
US2506153A (en) * 1947-06-17 1950-05-02 North American Paper Process C Opacification of paper

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2292569A (en) * 1937-11-22 1942-08-11 Columbian Bank Note Company Method of preparation of a continuous film coating
US2380047A (en) * 1942-10-03 1945-07-10 Frank W Hyman Method of and means for applying coatings
US2506153A (en) * 1947-06-17 1950-05-02 North American Paper Process C Opacification of paper

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3874893A (en) * 1970-12-17 1975-04-01 Cherrin Abe Shipping documents device and method
US3751282A (en) * 1971-07-08 1973-08-07 Chroma Printing Corp Methods for color printing and articles made thereby
US5622652A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-04-22 Img Group Limited Electrically-conductive liquid for directly printing an electrical circuit component onto a substrate, and a method for making such a liquid
US5656081A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-08-12 Img Group Limited Press for printing an electrical circuit component directly onto a substrate using an electrically-conductive liquid
US5758575A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-02 Bemis Company Inc. Apparatus for printing an electrical circuit component with print cells in liquid communication
US5763058A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-09 Paramount Packaging Corporation Electrical circuit component formed of a conductive liquid printed directly onto a substrate
US6010771A (en) * 1995-10-07 2000-01-04 Bemis Company Inc. Electrical circuit component formed of a conductive liquid printed directly onto a substrate
US6217337B1 (en) * 1997-02-28 2001-04-17 Roberto Olvera-Camacho Method for obtaining a tabulation to display a range of colors which can be reproduced with accuracy
US20070039694A1 (en) * 2003-08-01 2007-02-22 Thomas Walther Method for producing rfid labels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1571834A1 (de) 1971-02-18
DE1571834C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-19
GB1095814A (en) 1967-12-20
SE325909B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-13
ES327190A1 (es) 1967-03-16
DE1571834B2 (de) 1974-10-31

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