US3448501A - Process for the manufacture of a compacted yarn - Google Patents

Process for the manufacture of a compacted yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3448501A
US3448501A US638431A US3448501DA US3448501A US 3448501 A US3448501 A US 3448501A US 638431 A US638431 A US 638431A US 3448501D A US3448501D A US 3448501DA US 3448501 A US3448501 A US 3448501A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
primary
yarns
jets
fluid
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US638431A
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English (en)
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Michel Buzano
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Rhone Poulenc SA
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Rhone Poulenc SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/08—Interlacing constituent filaments without breakage thereof, e.g. by use of turbulent air streams
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D01H7/02—Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
    • D01H7/52—Ring-and-traveller arrangements
    • D01H7/60—Rings or travellers; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for ; Cleaning means for rings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/168—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam including drawing or stretching on the same machine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
    • Y10S57/908—Jet interlaced or intermingled

Definitions

  • PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A COMPACTED YARN Filed May 15, 1967 Sheet of M. BUZANO June 10, 1969 PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A COMPACTED YARN Sheet 3 of 2 Filed May 15, 1967 rtamey:
  • the present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a yarn of continuous interlaced strands of a coherent structure and to products manufactured therewith.
  • Such a yarn having a coherent structure is generally described as yarn with interlaced strands.
  • Such a yarn is an assembly of continuous multifilaments in which the elementary filaments from which it is made up are interlaced or intermixed in a generally irregular manner and in such a way as to produce a compact yarn having an overall twist which is essentially nil and Whose apparent volume is essentially the same as that of a yarn of the same denier having a true conventional twist.
  • a yarn has a smooth appearance like a yarn with a true twist whose surface is virtually free of loops.
  • the different known processes hitherto proposed for producing this type of yarn have a common characteristic, namely that they all consist of subjecting the moving yarn to the action of at least one jet of a fluid, particularly a jet of compressed air, directed in a plane which is essentially transverse to the direction of travel of the yarn.
  • the filaments are interlaced by passing through at least two turbulent vortices, the axis of rotation of the said vortices is parallel to the yarn.
  • the yarn is fed between a nozzle and a resonance chamber.
  • the fluid jet leaves the enclosed space of the resonance chamber and is directed as a secondary jet onto the yarn at a diiferent point from the primary jet.
  • a process for the manufacture of a compact yarn of interlaced strands comprising feeding a bundle of yarns on an axial direction under tension through a treatment zone without a clear overfeed, di recting at least one pair of primary jets of fluid, which are spaced apart in said axial direction, under pressure from one side against said bundle, and directing at least one secondary jet of fluid against the bundle of yarns in a direction substantially opposite to said primary jets in a zone located between the points of impact of the primary jets on the bundle.
  • the expression without a clear overfeed signifies that the yarn has a speed such that it only has suflicient slack in order to produce the interlacing efiect.
  • a wind-up speed 1 to 15% less than the input speed is suitable, and preferably it should be 3 to 10% less than and advantageously 5% less than the input speed. It is necessary for the yarn not to have any slack since it otherwise forms loops.
  • Preferably at least some of the fluid of the primary jets is collected and reformed to form said secondary jet or jets.
  • the process of the invention makes it possible economically to produce yarns with interlaced strands having a high degree of interlacing, greater than the degrees of interlacing obtained by earlier processes.
  • the yarns of continuous multifilaments which can be used in the process of the invention may, for example, be artificial yarns such as acetate, triacetate, viscose and related yarns, or synthetic yarns such as polyamide, polyester, polyolefine, acrylic and related yarns, polyurethane, vinyl alcohol and other yarns.
  • artificial yarns such as acetate, triacetate, viscose and related yarns
  • synthetic yarns such as polyamide, polyester, polyolefine, acrylic and related yarns, polyurethane, vinyl alcohol and other yarns.
  • the invention further provides apparatus for compacting a bundle of yarns, such apparatus comprising a body having a channel therethrough, means for feeding a bundle of yarns in an axial direction through said channel, at least one pair of primary nozzles, which are spaced apart in said axial direction on one side of said channel, for directing jets of fluid under pressure into said channel transverse to the axis thereof, and at least one secondary nozzle arranged on the opposite side of said channel, axially between said primary nozzles, for directing a jet or jets of fluid in a direction opposite to the jets of the primary nozzles.
  • two primary jets are used which are directed at an angle, to each other at an acute angle to the axis of the bundle of yarn.
  • the secondary jet is preferably directed at the mid-point between the furthest spaced points of impact of the primary jets.
  • the primary and secondary jets are essentially contained in the same plane.
  • the fluid used is advantageously a hot or cold gas, such as nitrogen or saturated or unsaturated steam, but for reasons of economy, is preferably compressed air at a gauge pressure of between 0.2 and 10 kg./crn. It has been found that pressures below 0.2 kg./cm. do not give good results and that pressures above 10 kg./cm. cannot be used economically.
  • the tension applied to the yarn during windup is normally less than 1.5 gm./den. and preferably between 0.03 and 1 gm./den.
  • the process of the invention lends itself particularly well to high production speeds such as those achieved with recent processes for the manufacture of synthetic or artificial yarns by continuous eX- trusion spinning, stretching and wind-up.
  • the yarns of continuous multifilaments to which the treatment of the invention can be applied may be untwisted or slightly twisted. A twist of less than 50 turns/ metre is desirable.
  • the process of the invention will be combined with one or more standard textile operations such as extrusion spinning, stretching throwing or other operations, in order to avoid a separate interlacing stage.
  • the interlacing of the invention is advantageously carried out in line after drafting and on the drafting device itself.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic view of an installation incorporating an apparatus according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a section through one embodiment of apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of the apparatus of FIG- URE 2, taken along the line IIIIII;
  • FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 of a second embodiment of apparatus according to the invention.
  • a bobbin 1 carries synthetic or artificial continuous multifilament yarns, which are untwisted or slightly twisted, and obtained directly from a spinneret.
  • the yarns are drafted over drafting rollers 2 and 4 and drafting pin 3, and are then fed through the apparatus 5, through an output yarn guide 7 and wound upon a windup device 8.
  • the yarn enters the apparatus it thus has an oriented structure and accordingly the yarn wound up at 8, after passing over the heated relaxation plate 6, has both its tensometric properties and its compact coherent structure.
  • This yarn is thus ready to be used by a converter.
  • the method of wind-up at 8 advantageously is chosen to suit the particular form of presentation of the yarn.
  • the apparatus 5 comprises a brass body 11 into which is bored a fluid inlet 12, which feeds two small divergent cylindrical pipelines 13, 14 which are at an angle of about 40 to one another.
  • the two pipelines provide two primary nozzles 15, 16 opening into a bore, in the form of a channel 17 open at one of its sides, so as to permit easy introduction of the yarn, which during the treatment is supported by means of two yarn guides 18.
  • the opposite face of the channel 17 is provided by a block 19, having two apertures 20, 21 positioned directly opposite nozzles 15, 16, and forming the mouths of two ducts 22, 23 which collect the fluid which has issued from the primary nozzles 15, 16.
  • the apertures 20, 21 are of a slightly greater diameter than the primary nozzles so as to collect the maximum amount of fluid.
  • Ducts 22, 23 are of a semicircular or U-shape and reform the primary jets issuing from the primary nozzles into a single secondary jet directed on to the yarn by a secondary nozzle 24 in a direction opposite to that of the primary jets and in a zone approximately located at the middle of the points of impact of the primary jets on to the yarn.
  • This apparatus may also be produced in a more re sistant material such as stainless steel etc.
  • the second embodiment of apparatus illustrated in FIGURE 4 differs from the preceding embodiment in that the primary pipelines 33, 34 for supplying the fluid converge while also forming an angle of approximately 40, and in that the two ducts 31, 32 for collecting the primary jets end in a chamber 35 where they are reformed into a single pipeline 36, terminating in a secondary nozzle 37 which forms a secondary jet, which is directed in a direction opposite to that of the primary jets and is located essentially midway between the points of impact of the primary jets on to the yarn.
  • This device is more easily produced than the preceding device.
  • the bores of the pipelines of the primary jets and of the secondary jet may be circular or may have other forms. Equally, the longitudinal section of these pipelines may be cylindrical or a truncated cone.
  • the distance between the body of the nozzle carrying the primary jets and the part forming the secondary jet should be between 0.3 and 8 mm.
  • the diameter of the primary pipelines should be between 0.3 and 3 mm.
  • the so-called hook drop test is used. For this, a load of 0.2 gram per denier is suspended from a sample of the yarn in a vertical position and a thin hook carrying a weight is then inserted into the bundle of filaments. This assembly has a weight in grams which is numerically equal to the average strength of the elementary strands, while however taking care to place an approximately identical number of filaments on either side of the hook. The hook is then lowered at a speed of about 2 crn./min. until the weight of the hook is supported by the yarn. The distance x in centimetres through which the hook has travelled characterises the degree of interlacing D in accordance with the following formula:
  • the measurement is repeated one hundred times using a fresh length of the same yarn for each measurement.
  • EXAMPLE I The treatment according to the invention is carried out on a drafting frame with zero wind-up torsion similar to that shown schematically in FIGURE 1 in which:
  • a device shown in FIGURES 2 and 3 and having the following principal dimensions is used as the treatment nozzle:
  • Width 20 mm.
  • Distance from body 11 to block 19 is 2 mm.
  • Diameter of pipelines 13, 14 is 12/ 10 mm.
  • Diameter of apertures 20, 21 is 14/ 10 mm.
  • Diameter of outlet of secondary nozzle 24 is 12/10 mm.
  • Static pressure of the compressed air at the nozzle feed pipeline is l kg./cm.
  • the yarn treated is a polyhexamethylene adipamide yarn of 70 deniers, 23 strands, matted with 0.3% of titanium oxide, without twist.
  • the resulting yarn has an apparent volume, as measured with the standard Koningh apparatus, which is approximately identical to that of an untreated yarn (1.45 cm. gm.) and an average degree of interlacing of about 12.2 and a homogeneous regularity of interlacing.
  • This yarn thus has approximately the same properties as a yarn with a true twist and for this reason can be directly used for weaving, for example as a weft yarn, or for warp knitting.
  • Example II is repeated with the following modifications.
  • a nozzle similar to that shown in FIGURE 4 is used, having the same properties as above, and a zero torsion drafting frame with the following dilferences is used:
  • the resulting yarn has an apparent volume identical to that of the same yarn when untreated, a degree of interlacing of 55.5 and a very homogeneous regularity of interlacing.
  • this yarn may be used directly for weaving as a warp yarn, and the fabrics produced have the same appearance as a fabric produced with yarns with a true twist.
  • it may, if desired, be sized in the standard way.
  • the nozzle according to the invention is replaced by a nozzle according to FIGURE 3 of U.S. Patent No. 3,125,793 in which the diameter of the outlet orifice of the primary and secondary jets is 12/10 millimetres and the diameter of the secondary jet inlet is 14/10 mm., while using the same settings of the drafting bench and of the treatment nozzle. Under these conditions the yarn only has a degree of interlacing of 14.0. The treated yarn is passed through the same device for a second time and the degree of interlacing is then only 20.7. Furthermore the regularity of interlacing is rather variable.
  • Example 11 is repeated, using the same treatment device, this time mounted on a drafting frame with wind-up cop 8 but without a heating plate 6.
  • the wind-up shaft turns at a speed of 7,500 r.p.m. and the tension applied to the yarn is about 0.07 gm./den'ier.
  • the fluid which feeds the nozzle is compressed air at 1.2 kg./cm. gauge.
  • the twist imparted by the shaft does not pass up through the nozzle and using a torsiometer it is ditficult to find the direction and magnitude of this twist in the treated yarn.
  • the yarn which has been treated in this way has a degree of interlacing of 45.0. Because of its constitution, with combined twist and interlacing, it is particularly recommended as a warp yarn.
  • a process for the manufacture of a compact yarn of interlaced filaments comprising the steps of:
  • Wind-up speed is from about 3 to about 10% less than said input speed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US638431A 1966-05-16 1967-05-15 Process for the manufacture of a compacted yarn Expired - Lifetime US3448501A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR61815A FR1492945A (fr) 1966-05-16 1966-05-16 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'un fil à brins entrelacés et produits obtenus

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US3448501A true US3448501A (en) 1969-06-10

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US638431A Expired - Lifetime US3448501A (en) 1966-05-16 1967-05-15 Process for the manufacture of a compacted yarn

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US (1) US3448501A (fr)
BE (1) BE698534A (fr)
CH (1) CH458613A (fr)
DE (1) DE1660605B2 (fr)
FR (2) FR1492945A (fr)
GB (1) GB1148568A (fr)
LU (1) LU53668A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL153612B (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3636601A (en) * 1969-06-23 1972-01-25 Monsanto Co Regularly tangled compact yarn process
US3727275A (en) * 1970-06-18 1973-04-17 Rhodiaceta Process and apparatus for interlacing strands
US3778873A (en) * 1970-06-10 1973-12-18 Snam Progetti Process for the production of composite fibers, apparatus suitable to realize the same and fibers obtained thereby
US4251904A (en) * 1978-11-08 1981-02-24 Toray Industries, Inc. Yarn treating apparatus
US4323760A (en) * 1979-12-13 1982-04-06 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus for temperature control of heated fluid in a fluid handling system
US4338776A (en) * 1977-11-08 1982-07-13 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a crimped continuous multifilament yarn
US4430780A (en) * 1982-01-11 1984-02-14 International Machinery Sales, Inc. Fluid flow comingling jet
EP0373519A2 (fr) * 1988-12-13 1990-06-20 Barmag Ag Procédé de fabrication d'un fil texturé par jet d'air
EP0488070A1 (fr) * 1990-11-28 1992-06-03 Basf Corporation Fils entrelacés au moyen d'air ayant des noeuds souples et dispositif et procédé de fabrication
US5148583A (en) * 1983-01-07 1992-09-22 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus for patterning of substrates
US5202077A (en) * 1990-07-10 1993-04-13 Milliken Research Corporation Method for removal of substrate material by means of heated pressurized fluid stream
US5404626A (en) * 1993-10-25 1995-04-11 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus to create an improved moire fabric by utilizing pressurized heated gas
US5865933A (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-02-02 Milliken Research Corporation Method for selectively carving color contrasting patterns in textile fabric
DE4004721C2 (de) * 1988-12-13 2002-09-26 Staehle Gmbh H Verfahren zur Herstellung eines lufttexturierten Fadens
US20090031693A1 (en) * 2005-03-20 2009-02-05 Christian Simmen Method and Entanglement Nozzle for Reproducing Knotted Yearn

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19506369A1 (de) * 1994-02-28 1995-08-31 Barmag Barmer Maschf Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Heizen eines synthetischen Fadens
DE19809600C1 (de) * 1998-03-03 1999-10-21 Heberlein Fasertech Ag Garnbehandlungseinrichtung
CN104514039A (zh) * 2014-06-30 2015-04-15 河南盛世塑业有限公司 一种塑料成丝机

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA554150A (fr) * 1958-03-11 A. Hartley Kenneth Traitement de fils
US3115691A (en) * 1961-05-31 1963-12-31 Du Pont Apparatus for interlacing multifilament yarn
US3125793A (en) * 1964-03-24 Interlaced yarn by multiple utilization of pressurized gas
GB990593A (en) * 1961-11-28 1965-04-28 Onderzoekings Inst Res Improvements in or relating to the treatment of a moving artificial multi-filament thread

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA554150A (fr) * 1958-03-11 A. Hartley Kenneth Traitement de fils
US3125793A (en) * 1964-03-24 Interlaced yarn by multiple utilization of pressurized gas
US3115691A (en) * 1961-05-31 1963-12-31 Du Pont Apparatus for interlacing multifilament yarn
GB990593A (en) * 1961-11-28 1965-04-28 Onderzoekings Inst Res Improvements in or relating to the treatment of a moving artificial multi-filament thread

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3636601A (en) * 1969-06-23 1972-01-25 Monsanto Co Regularly tangled compact yarn process
US3778873A (en) * 1970-06-10 1973-12-18 Snam Progetti Process for the production of composite fibers, apparatus suitable to realize the same and fibers obtained thereby
US3727275A (en) * 1970-06-18 1973-04-17 Rhodiaceta Process and apparatus for interlacing strands
US4338776A (en) * 1977-11-08 1982-07-13 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a crimped continuous multifilament yarn
USRE32047E (en) * 1977-11-08 1985-12-17 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengessellschaft Process for the production of a crimped continuous multifilament yarn
US4251904A (en) * 1978-11-08 1981-02-24 Toray Industries, Inc. Yarn treating apparatus
US4323760A (en) * 1979-12-13 1982-04-06 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus for temperature control of heated fluid in a fluid handling system
US4430780A (en) * 1982-01-11 1984-02-14 International Machinery Sales, Inc. Fluid flow comingling jet
US5148583A (en) * 1983-01-07 1992-09-22 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus for patterning of substrates
US5054174A (en) * 1988-12-13 1991-10-08 Barmag Ag Method of producing an air textured yarn
EP0373519A3 (en) * 1988-12-13 1990-10-31 Barmag Ag Method for making a yarn textured by an air jet
EP0373519A2 (fr) * 1988-12-13 1990-06-20 Barmag Ag Procédé de fabrication d'un fil texturé par jet d'air
DE4004721C2 (de) * 1988-12-13 2002-09-26 Staehle Gmbh H Verfahren zur Herstellung eines lufttexturierten Fadens
US5202077A (en) * 1990-07-10 1993-04-13 Milliken Research Corporation Method for removal of substrate material by means of heated pressurized fluid stream
US5674581A (en) * 1990-07-10 1997-10-07 Milliken Research Corporation Textile fabric having a thermally modified narrow channel to facilitate separation
EP0488070A1 (fr) * 1990-11-28 1992-06-03 Basf Corporation Fils entrelacés au moyen d'air ayant des noeuds souples et dispositif et procédé de fabrication
US5404626A (en) * 1993-10-25 1995-04-11 Milliken Research Corporation Method and apparatus to create an improved moire fabric by utilizing pressurized heated gas
US5865933A (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-02-02 Milliken Research Corporation Method for selectively carving color contrasting patterns in textile fabric
US20090031693A1 (en) * 2005-03-20 2009-02-05 Christian Simmen Method and Entanglement Nozzle for Reproducing Knotted Yearn
US7568266B2 (en) * 2005-03-20 2009-08-04 Oerlikon Heberlein Temco Wattwil Ag Method and entanglement nozzle for reproducing knotted yarn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE698534A (fr) 1967-11-16
FR1492945A (fr) 1967-08-25
DE1660605A1 (de) 1971-07-01
CH458613A (fr) 1968-06-30
GB1148568A (en) 1969-04-16
NL153612B (nl) 1977-06-15
LU53668A1 (fr) 1968-02-12
FR93373E (fr) 1969-03-21
NL6706423A (fr) 1967-11-17
DE1660605B2 (de) 1976-04-01

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