US3445920A - Aluminum base alloy production - Google Patents

Aluminum base alloy production Download PDF

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Publication number
US3445920A
US3445920A US547939A US3445920DA US3445920A US 3445920 A US3445920 A US 3445920A US 547939 A US547939 A US 547939A US 3445920D A US3445920D A US 3445920DA US 3445920 A US3445920 A US 3445920A
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alloys
alloy
aluminum base
cooling
base alloy
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US547939A
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Paul Esslinger
Heinrich Winter
Walter Wolf
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DEFENSE GERMANY
MINI VERTEIDIGUNG
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MINI VERTEIDIGUNG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • FIGB United States Patent O 3,445,920 ALUMINUM BASE ALLOY PRODUCTION Paul Esslinger, Stuttgart, Heinrich Winter, Eschborn Taunus, and Walter Wolf, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, assignors to the Federal Republic of Germany as represented by the Secretary of Defense, Bonn, Germany Filed May 5, 1966, Ser. No. 547,939 Claims priority, appliclgtigii 8(gfirmany, May 11, 1965,
  • This invention relates to a method for producing ductile aluminum alloys of high strength at elevated temperatures.
  • the amount of such additives cannot, at present, be increased at will unless the alloying additive gives with the base metal an extensive area of mixed crystal formatio in the solid state.
  • inclusions must be very small and have an order of magv I nitude of 0.01 to 1pm.
  • the cooling rate of the dispersions during casting must be extremely increased, to an order ,of magnitude of 10 to 10 C./sec. and higher.
  • other known effects take place, such as precipitation'of metastable phases in line dispersions and extension of the area of mixed crystallization; both elfects can considerably increase the strength, particularly the high temperature strength.
  • the powder metallurgical processing is relatively complicated and increases the cost of the alloy.
  • heat treatments are required at rather high temperatures, which in many alloys destroy the favorable structures.
  • oxide and oxide hydrate inclusions are unavoidable whose sizes, forms, and quantities cannot be controlled.
  • the oxide hydrates give off water which can react with the metallic components to form hydrogen.
  • the oxide inclusions as well as the hydrogen reducethe ductility of the alloys.
  • semifinished articles and workpieces of greaterthickness can be made from alloys by compacting a plurality of said thin shapes to packs by rolling or pressing, particularly at moderately elevated temperatures (press weld- 9 ing) to the desired end product.
  • alloys for'Al-Si alloys, for
  • a suitable temperature is about 300 C.
  • FIG. 1 shows an apparatus suitable for carrying out the method of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the variation of the tensile strength as a function of the temperature for alloys made in accordance with the invention in comparison to conventionally compared alloys
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram similar to FIG. 2', showing the variation of the tensile strength as a function of the tempering temperature.
  • the reference numeral 1 represents a suitably wound induction coil in which the alloy 2 can be molten infree-floating condition.
  • Any other siutable melting procedure can be employed, e.g., a so-called self-consuming electrode can be molten continuously by means of an electric are or electron beam.
  • the molten alloy passes into the cooling device 3 which consists of at least two movable coolin-g bodies of high heat conductivity (e.g. copper or silver).
  • the cooling device 3 which consists of at least two movable coolin-g bodies of high heat conductivity (e.g. copper or silver).
  • said cooling bodies have the form of movable plates which can be displaced rapidly against each other so as to form therebetween, with simultaneous uninterrupted cooling, the melt to thin bodies, e.g. films of at most 1 mm. thickness.
  • said plates act as molds following the shrinkage of the solidifying metal.
  • a similar effect can be also accomplished, for example, by employing as cooling bodies rotating cylinders.
  • the cooling elements are actuated by the solenoids 4, which are switched on by the melt itself on its travel into the molds by means of the photoelectric cell 5.
  • Said cell 5 is electrically connected to the solenoid 4 by means of a control device 6, which operates with a predetermined delay.
  • the thickness of the films and e.g. also of wires can be adjusted by suitable control of the melting temperature, the rate of movement and pressure of the cooling elements and their distance, to the range of 0.1 to at most 1 mm.
  • Example 1 An aluminum base alloy having the composition 6% by weight manganese, 8% by weight iron, balance aluminum, was cast in conventional manner in a copper chill mold to round bars of 10 mm. diameter. On the other hand, the same alloy was used to prepare films of about 0.3 mm. thickness in accordance with the invention. While the conventionally cast rods were extremely brittle at elevated temperatures already at the slightest deformation, the films could be cold rolled by about 50% without any difiiculties. In the cold rolled state, they gave the values of cold and heat resistance shown in the hatched range A of FIG. 2. The curves B and C show the corresponding values of conventional aluminum alloys having comparable strength at low temperatures.
  • Example 2 Specimens were prepared from eutectic aluminum-silicon casting alloys, on the one hand, in conventional manner in sand or chill molds, and, on the other hand, as films by the process of the invention. The specimens were cold rolled and tested for their tensile strength at room temperature after tempering for 1 hour at the various temperatures indicated as abscissae in FIG. 3.
  • the dotted line shows the values measured on conventionally cast alloys.
  • the fu l l e shows the tensile strength for specimens of the same alloy produced according to the invention.
  • the diagram shows that the method of the invention almost doubles the tensile strength and raises the recrystallization temperature by about C.
  • the alloy made according to the invention had considerably better workability.
  • Example 3 Aluminum base alloys containing about 3% iron and 3% silicon, when cast by conventional methods, are workable only with difficulty. In contrast thereto, films or foils made by the method of the invention offer .a workability and deformability which are far superior to the properties attainable heretofore.
  • Example 4 For the manufacture of bolts having a diameter of 10 mm., as used for the production of heat resistant screws, discs of a diameter of 50 mm. were punched from a sheet of 0.3 mm. thickness of .an Al-Mn-Fe alloy obtained by the process of Example 1. 300 such discs were packed upon each other and compressed in an extrusion press at a pressure of 1500 atm. and at a temperature of 350 C. to the article. The high temperature tensile strength of the bolts was much higher than that of bolts made from the same alloy by conventional casting.
  • a method of producing an aluminum base alloy having good ductility and high strength at elevated temperatures comprising passing a free-flowing melt of an aluminum base alloy through a narrow gap defined by cooling surfaces spaced from each other by not more than about 1 mm., solidifying the alloy in said gap, the sudden cooling in said gap precipitating the alloy elements in said alloy substantially as finely dispersed particles having .a diameter of 0.1 to 1 [.LIIL, and compressing the alloy, while being solidified, on its passage through said gap to a sheet of a thickness of at most 1 mm.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US547939A 1965-05-11 1966-05-05 Aluminum base alloy production Expired - Lifetime US3445920A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB81854A DE1224049B (de) 1965-05-11 1965-05-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von duktilen und zugleich festen, insbesondere warmfesten Aluminiumlegierungen

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US3445920A true US3445920A (en) 1969-05-27

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US (1) US3445920A (cs)
DE (1) DE1224049B (cs)
FR (1) FR1474810A (cs)
GB (1) GB1067657A (cs)
NL (1) NL6516987A (cs)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4196021A (en) * 1977-06-02 1980-04-01 Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminium Pechiney Process for the thermal treatment of aluminum alloy sheets

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2946135C2 (de) * 1979-11-15 1982-09-16 Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke Ag, 5300 Bonn Verfahren zur Weiterzerkleinerung von Metallpulver
GB2198977A (en) * 1986-10-01 1988-06-29 Thomas Robb Coughtrie Melting and die-casting metal
RU2180013C1 (ru) * 2000-07-17 2002-02-27 Гаврилин Игорь Васильевич Способ переплава пылевидных отходов кремния в среде твердожидкого алюминия
DE102017100836B4 (de) 2017-01-17 2020-06-18 Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh Gießverfahren

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2967351A (en) * 1956-12-14 1961-01-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Method of making an aluminum base alloy article
US3147521A (en) * 1961-08-10 1964-09-08 Boehm Arnold Henry Continuous casting and forming process
US3214805A (en) * 1960-06-23 1965-11-02 Du Pont Method of preparing fine metal wires
US3368273A (en) * 1964-06-05 1968-02-13 Nicolai J. Maltsev Method and apparatus for continuously casting and rolling metal
US3374826A (en) * 1965-03-01 1968-03-26 Porter Co Inc H K Process for continuously casting elongated metal bodies

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2967351A (en) * 1956-12-14 1961-01-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Method of making an aluminum base alloy article
US3214805A (en) * 1960-06-23 1965-11-02 Du Pont Method of preparing fine metal wires
US3147521A (en) * 1961-08-10 1964-09-08 Boehm Arnold Henry Continuous casting and forming process
US3368273A (en) * 1964-06-05 1968-02-13 Nicolai J. Maltsev Method and apparatus for continuously casting and rolling metal
US3374826A (en) * 1965-03-01 1968-03-26 Porter Co Inc H K Process for continuously casting elongated metal bodies

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4196021A (en) * 1977-06-02 1980-04-01 Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminium Pechiney Process for the thermal treatment of aluminum alloy sheets

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Publication number Publication date
DE1224049B (de) 1966-09-01
FR1474810A (fr) 1967-03-31
GB1067657A (en) 1967-05-03
NL6516987A (cs) 1966-11-14

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