US3445062A - Centrifugal separator apparatus - Google Patents

Centrifugal separator apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3445062A
US3445062A US628744A US3445062DA US3445062A US 3445062 A US3445062 A US 3445062A US 628744 A US628744 A US 628744A US 3445062D A US3445062D A US 3445062DA US 3445062 A US3445062 A US 3445062A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
drum
passage
liquid
centrifugal separator
separation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US628744A
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English (en)
Inventor
Franz Josef Loddenkemper
Aloys Tenthoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
Original Assignee
Westfalia Separator GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westfalia Separator GmbH filed Critical Westfalia Separator GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B04B1/08—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls of conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/14—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with periodical discharge
    • B04B1/16—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with periodical discharge with discharging outlets controlled by the rotational speed of the bowl
    • B04B1/18—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with periodical discharge with discharging outlets controlled by the rotational speed of the bowl controlled by the centrifugal force of an auxiliary liquid

Definitions

  • a centrifugal separator having a centrifuge drum provided with internal barrier means defining a first annular passage extending outward from an inlet located beyond a separating zone to the drum wall, and a second annular passage communicating with the first and extending to a discharge outlet at the upper end of the drum, and an additional outlet located near the drum wall through which outlet part of the fluid flow through the first passage is diverted to discharge into the drum solids entrained in such flow before entering the second passage, and also to prevent entry into the second passage of solids accumulated in the drum.
  • the present invention relates to a centrifugal separator apparatus featuring a centrifuge drum arranged for rotation about a central axis to separate a liquid mixture received within the drum into a plurality of component liquid phases arranged radially within the drum according to their specific gravities.
  • the invention provides a barrier means disposed within the drum to defer in a first annular passage extending from an inlet located a predetermined radial distance from the rotation axis to the peripheral wall of the drum, and a second annular passage communicating with the first and extending along the drum wall to a discharge outlet at the upper end of the drum.
  • the same barrier means provides an additional outlet which is located adjacent to the drum wall through which a portion of the flow through the first passage is diverted prior to entering the second passage so as to discharge into the drum such solids as may be entrained in the component flow through the first passage and to prevent entry into the second passage of any solids collected within the drum.
  • the barrier means includes two plate shell members disposed within the upper portion of the drum and each having a frusto-conical portion.
  • the frusto-conical portion of the first shell member is disposed in radially spaced-apart relation to the drum wall
  • the frustoconical portion of the second shell member is disposed in radially spaced-apart relation to both the drum wall and the first shell member intermediate between the two, so that the first annular passage is defined by the second shell member-to-first shell member spacing, and the second annular passage is defined by the second shell member-todrum wall spacin
  • the distance between the zone of separation and the axis of rotation depends both on the specific gravities of the components and on the distances between their discharges and the drum axis.
  • the liquid being separated is generally fed through uptakes into the spaces between the plates.
  • the distance at which the two discharges are located from the axis of rotation is then selected so that the zone of separation is located in these uptakes.
  • the liquid rising into the plate stack is thus subjected then and there to a rough division into a higher specific gravity component filling the outer part of the drum and a lighter specific gravity component filling the inner part of the drum.
  • both phases yield more or less completely the portions of the other component that they have entrained.
  • a basic point in the selection of the position of the zone of separation is that the greater portion of the plate area must be available to the component which has to meet the higher requirements as regards purity. If, for example, in the separation of a mixture of oil and water, the oil is to emerge as free of water as possible, the uptakes and hence the zone of separation must be located in the outer portion of the plate stack. However, in the case of the separation of whole milk, if the residual fat content of the skim milk is to be low, a plate stack having internally placed uptakes is used.
  • the zone of separation may even be placed outside of the plate stack. The entire plate area is then available to the lighter liquid for the separation of heavier components.
  • the invention is directed to the problem of designing separator drums having a plate stack so that the drum sludge chamber can be utilized all the way to the zone of separation located outside of the plate stack for the deposition of solids, while avoiding the danger of clogging the discharging passages carrying the heavier liquid.
  • the separator apparatus is characterized by a dividing plate which is actually a frustoconical shell, disposed at a distance from the upper portion of the drum wall or drum cover and extending into the sludge chamber, the portion of which extending beyond the outer margin of the plate stack is screened off from the sludge chamber by another frusto-conical shell insert which is provided on its upper side with accelerating vanes and with one or more orifices on its radially external end, in the vicinity of the outer margin of the plate stack.
  • a dividing plate which is actually a frustoconical shell, disposed at a distance from the upper portion of the drum wall or drum cover and extending into the sludge chamber, the portion of which extending beyond the outer margin of the plate stack is screened off from the sludge chamber by another frusto-conical shell insert which is provided on its upper side with accelerating vanes and with one or more orifices on its radially external end, in the vicinity of the outer margin of the plate
  • the heavier fluid entering between the plate stack and the dividing plate is brought up to the peripheral speed of the drum by the accelerating vanes.
  • a higher pressure develops in this passage and hence a pressure gradient towards the sludge chamber.
  • This pressure gradient causes the flow in the orifices on the radially external end of the conical insert to be directed toward the sludge chamber.
  • the heavier liquid can therefore enter into its outlet passage only in the vicinity of the zone of separation, so that the sludge chamber can be utilized all the way to these inlet orifices.
  • the conical insert prefferably be affixed to the uppermost plate of the plate stack or to form a onepiece unit therewith.
  • Dutch Patent 75,976 discloses a centrifugal separating drum in which the dividing plate, which extends outwardly beyond the outer margin of the plates, is likewise screened ofi by a conical insert.
  • the purpose of this insert is to keep the situation of the zone of separation constant in the drum.
  • it has to be sealed at the radially external end by means of a special gasket, because otherwise no zone of separation can form in the passage between the insert and the dividing plate.
  • the problem at which this invention is aimed cannot be solved by this prior art design, whereas on the other hand, with the design according to the invention, the situation of the zone of separation cannot be kept constant.
  • an object of the invention to provide a centrifugal separator apparatus whereby a selected specific gravity component separated from a liquid mixture can be delivered from a centrifuge drum with a high degree of purity and relatively free from solids.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal separator apparatus as aforesaid wherein solids can be removed from the selected component at a point along its flow path before discharge from the drum.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal separator apparatus as aforesaid having means to prevent solids collected in the sludge chamber of the drum from entering into the ou'tflowing separated component.
  • Still another and further object of the invention is to provide a centrifugal separator apparatus as aforesaid in which the separated component to be delivered from the drum can be taken from a location within its separation zone relatively close to the drum rotation axis so as to allow a greater volume within the drum for collection of solids without interference with the outflow of the separated component.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation view, partly in section, of a centrifugal separator apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation view, partly in section, of a centrifugal separator apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 the cover or upper portion of a centrifuge drum is designated by 1, and the lower portion of the drum by 2.
  • the FIG. 1 embodiment of the invention is exemplified in conjunction with a self-cleaning type drum having its cover 1 end lower portion 2 held together in a conventional manner by means of an assembly ring (not shown), and provided with one or more orifices 3 for the ejection of solids collected within the sludge chamber 9 of the drum.
  • These orifices 3 can be opened and closed as desired during the rotation of the drum about its central axis X by means of an axially displaceable piston slide valve 4 which is shifted by admitting pressurized hydraulic fluid into one of the chambers 5 and 6 and releasing hydraulic fluid from the other, as the case may be.
  • a dividing plate 7 Spaced radially inward from the frusto-conical drum cover 1 there is disposed a dividing plate 7, which is actually a frusto-conical shell of revolution having a lower edge that extends radially beyond the outer margin of the plate stack 8 into the sludge chamber 9.
  • the portion of the dividing plate 7 that projects beyond the plate stack 8 is shielded from the sludge chamber 9 by a frusto-conical insert shell 10, which in the FIG. 1 embodiment can be considered as being united with the top plate in stack 8.
  • ribs or vanes 11 are provided, and orifices 12 are provided on the radial flange 21 extending from the lower end of the frusto-conical portion of shell 10 to the drum cover 1 wall surface.
  • One or more orifices 13 are provided on the frusto-conical portion of shell 10 at radial locations in the vicinity of the outer margin of the plate stack 8.
  • a solid-containing liquid mixture is fed into the centrifuge drum through a distributor foot 14.
  • the zone of separation between the two liquid phase components is located outside of the plate stack 8 at 15.
  • the heavier liquid phase separated from the mixture enters through the orifices 13 into the annular passage between the insert shell 10 and the dividing plate 7, and is brought by vanes 11 up to the peripheral speed of the drum.
  • the dividing plate 7 and insert shell 10 can be considered as a barrier means disposed within the drum to define a first annular passage, i.e. the insert shell 10-t0-dividing plate 7 spacing, extending from an inlet orifice 13 to the peripheral wall of the drum, and a second annular passage, i.e. the dividing plate 7-to-drum cover 1 spacing, communicating with the first passage and extending along the drum wall to the outlet 16 at the upper end of the drum.
  • This barrier means also provides a second outlet in the form of one or more orifices 12 located adjacent to the drum wall for the purpose of discharging into the drum solids entrained in the liquid flowing through the first passage, and to prevent entry into the second passage of solids collected within the drum.
  • the inlet orifices 13 are positioned at a radial distance beyond the separation zone 15 to receive the heavier liquid phase separated from the mixture, which heavier liquid flows radially outward through the first annular passage to and through the second annular passage, with part of the flow being diverted through the outlet orifices 12 prior to entering the second passage so that any solids entrained in the heavier liquid extracted from the drum will be discharged into the sludge chamber 9 and will not appear in the flow discharged at outlet 16.
  • the upper portion of the drum is expediently frusto-conical and geometrically similar to the frusto-conical portions of dividing plate 7 and insert shell 10, the drum wall, dividing plate 7 and insert shell 10 being coaxially disposed about the drum rotation axis X and decreasing in radial dimensions toward their respective upper ends.
  • the plate stack 8 is expediently constructed of a plurality of frusto-conical plate members stacked in axially spaced-apart relation to one another and arranged coaxial with the drum axis X, these individual plates of the stack 8 serving to aid in the separation of the liquid mixture.
  • the inlet 13, can be defined by at least one, and preferably by a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures in the insert shell 10, as in the case of FIG. 1, or said inlet 13 can be a circumferentially continuous annular inlet 13 defined by the spacing between the lower edge of the uppermost stack plate member and the upper edge of the frusto-conical portion of the shell 10.
  • An additional set of radially extending vane members 17 can be provided within the second annular passage just as in the case of the radially extending vanes 11 provided within the first annular passage.
  • the vane 17 are expediently connected to the drum wall for support thereby and to the upper side of dividing plate 7 to support same in a radially spaced-apart relation to the wall, and the vane members 11 are likewise connected to the underside of dividing plate 7 for support thereby and connected to the upper side of insert shell to support same in radially spaced-apart relation to dividing plate 7.
  • centrifugal separator apparatus According to the invention, it will become apparent to the artisan that the centrifugal separator apparatus according to the invention is susceptible of numerous obvious modifications and variations. However, the invention is intended to be limited only by the following claims in which we have endeavored to claim all inherent novelty.
  • a centrifugal separator apparatus which comprises a centrifuge means including a drum disposed for rotation about its central axis to separate a liquid mixture received within the drum into a plurality of component phases arranged radially within the drum according to their specific gravities, a barrier means disposed within said drum to define a first annular passage extending from an inlet located at a predetermined radial distance from said rotation axis to the peripheral wall of the drum and a second annular passage communicating with said first passage and extending along said wall to a first outlet at the upper end of said drum, and accelerating vanes disposed on said barrier means extending radially in the plane of the central axis of rotation for rotation about their central axis to accelerate the heavier fluid entering the first annular passage, said barrier means having a second a second outlet located adjacent to said drum wall, said inlet being positioned at the locus of the separating zone to receive the heavier phase separated from said liquid mixture for accelerated outward radial flow through said first annular passage wherein a pressure radiant towards the peripheral
  • said barrier means includes a first shell member disposed within the upper portion of said drum and having a frusto-conical portion disposed in radially spaced-apart relation to said drum wall, and a second shell member, also disposed within the upper portion of the drum and having a frusto-conical portion disposed in radially spaced-apart relation to both said drum wall and said first shell member, said second shell member-to-first shell member spacing defining said first annular passage, and said second shell member-to-drum wall spacing defining said second annular passage.
  • the centrifugal separator apparatus including a plurality of radially extending vane embers disposed within said first annular passage to accelerate fluid flow therethrough and thereby establish a fiuid pressure gradient from said inlet to said second outlet.
  • the centrifugal separator apparatus including a plurality of frusto-conical plate members stacked in axially spaced-apart relation to one another and coaxial with the drum rotation axis to aid in the separation of said liquid mixture.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US628744A 1966-04-05 1967-04-05 Centrifugal separator apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3445062A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEW41292A DE1291291B (de) 1966-04-05 1966-04-05 Schleudertrommel zum Klaeren und gleichzeitigen Trennen von Fluessigkeitsgemischen

Publications (1)

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US3445062A true US3445062A (en) 1969-05-20

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ID=7602776

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US628744A Expired - Lifetime US3445062A (en) 1966-04-05 1967-04-05 Centrifugal separator apparatus

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US (1) US3445062A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1291291B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1517424A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1137327A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6702856A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE322734B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3637134A (en) * 1970-01-21 1972-01-25 Laval Separator Co De Apparatus for indicating the sludge level in centrifuges
US4026462A (en) * 1975-02-01 1977-05-31 Westfalia Separator Ag Separating drum for the centrifugal treatment of mixtures
WO2006048299A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-11 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2436285C3 (de) * 1974-07-27 1981-03-12 Westfalia Separator Ag, 4740 Oelde Automatische Entleerungssteuerung für eine selbstentleerende Klärzentrifuge
US5676631A (en) * 1993-07-06 1997-10-14 Westfalia Separator Aktiengesellschaft Centrifuge drum for concentrating suspended solids
DE4322415C2 (de) * 1993-07-06 1996-11-28 Westfalia Separator Ag Schleudertrommel zur Konzentrierung suspendierter Feststoffe

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1026271A (en) * 1911-10-10 1912-05-14 George M Lesher Centrifugal separator.
US2478992A (en) * 1946-08-10 1949-08-16 Laval Separator Co De Centrifugal bowl

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB226456A (en) * 1924-08-16 1924-12-24 Eric Vilhelm Larson Improvements in separator bowls
DE896176C (de) * 1939-09-23 1953-11-09 Westfalia Separator Ag Schleudertrommel zur Behandlung eines aus Kohlenwasserstoff, Goudron und Saeure bestehenden Fluessigkeitsgemisches
NL75976C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1948-07-16 1900-01-01
FR1359356A (fr) * 1963-03-15 1964-04-24 Améliorations aux séparateurs centrifuges

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1026271A (en) * 1911-10-10 1912-05-14 George M Lesher Centrifugal separator.
US2478992A (en) * 1946-08-10 1949-08-16 Laval Separator Co De Centrifugal bowl

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3637134A (en) * 1970-01-21 1972-01-25 Laval Separator Co De Apparatus for indicating the sludge level in centrifuges
US4026462A (en) * 1975-02-01 1977-05-31 Westfalia Separator Ag Separating drum for the centrifugal treatment of mixtures
WO2006048299A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-11 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge
EA010536B1 (ru) * 2004-11-08 2008-10-30 Эни С.П.А. Центрифуга непрерывного действия с пористым слоем
US20090139921A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2009-06-04 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge
US7708681B2 (en) 2004-11-08 2010-05-04 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge
AU2005300696B2 (en) * 2004-11-08 2010-05-06 Eni S.P.A. Continuous porous bed centrifuge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1517424A (fr) 1968-03-15
NL6702856A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-10-06
GB1137327A (en) 1968-12-18
DE1291291B (de) 1969-03-20
SE322734B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-13

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