US3443111A - Alternator - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3443111A
US3443111A US611058A US3443111DA US3443111A US 3443111 A US3443111 A US 3443111A US 611058 A US611058 A US 611058A US 3443111D A US3443111D A US 3443111DA US 3443111 A US3443111 A US 3443111A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
alternator
piston rod
piston
laminations
field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US611058A
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English (en)
Inventor
Louis Monpetit
Robert Huber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Generateurs Jarret Sa soc
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Generateurs Jarret SA Soc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Generateurs Jarret SA Soc filed Critical Generateurs Jarret SA Soc
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Publication of US3443111A publication Critical patent/US3443111A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
    • H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
    • H02K7/1884—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts structurally associated with free piston engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B71/00—Free-piston engines; Engines without rotary main shaft
    • F02B71/04—Adaptations of such engines for special use; Combinations of such engines with apparatus driven thereby
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to alternators in general, and more particularly to' improvements in alternators of the type wherein the field is connected to the movable portion of the prime mover and reciprocates with reference to; the armature.
  • French Patent No. 1,104,158 discloses an alternator wherein the'prirne mover comprises (a) an internal combustion engine'having a piston which is reciprocable'in a fixed cylinder and (b) a hydraulic or pneumatic restoring spring also including a cylinder for a piston which can returnthe piston of the internal combustion engine" to one of its end positions upon completion of a power stroke.
  • Thefieid comprises a blade constituted by a frame includinga package of sheet metal laminations separated from'each other by insulating foils. The blade transforms mechanical" energy into electrical energy in response-to reciprocation with reference to a stationary armature-'whereby'the" blade cuts the lines of force betw'een the poles of the armature.
  • the magnetic circuit of the'alternator is heavy, bulky and therefore hard-to-handle.
  • the weight increases with the power developed for a given oscillation frequency/On the other hand, precise guiding of the blade is of utmost importance because, while moving in the air gap, the field is subjected to the action of considerable magnetic forces.
  • the clearances for the blade ice and thermal expansion when the alternator is in actual use.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved electromechanical unit for use in alternators of the type wherein the field is reciprocated by a prime mover which includes an internal combustion engine of the free piston type and a hydraulic or pneumatic restoring spring.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved connection between the field and the reciprocatory portion of the prime mover in an engineoperated variable-reluctance alternator.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved mounting for the armature of the above outlined alternator.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide novel guide means for the field of the improved alternator.
  • a concomitant object of the invention is to provide an alternator whose parts are readily accessible in response to partialdismantling.
  • an alternator including a prime mover which comprises a fixed portion and a reciprocable portion, the latter including a pair of pistons which respectively form part of an internal combustion engine and a fluid-operated restoring spring, and a piston rod rigid with the two pistons, an armature adjacent to the path of movement of the piston rod, and a field which is connected directly with the piston rod.
  • the field comprises two or more packages of laminations and clamping means for fixing such packages to the piston rod.
  • the alternator further comprises fixed ways adjacent to the field and follower means provided on the clamping means and co-operating with the ways to guide the field during movement with the reciprocable portion of the from each other by'foils of insulating material;
  • FIG. 1 is an axial section through an alternator which embodies one form of our invention and whose field comprises two packages 'of soft-iron laminations separated
  • FIG. 2 is a transverse vertical section taken along the line a-a ofFIG. 1; u
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal axial section taken at right angles ,to the plane of FIG. 1, the component parts of the armature. being shown in two different positions one of which is indicated by phantom lines;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary transverse vertical section taken along the line bbof FIG. 1;
  • I FIG. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional'view of a modified alternator;
  • FIG; 6 is a transverse line c--c of FIG. 5; 7
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of a third alternator
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 there is shown an alternator which comprises a prime mover, a two-piece field which is re 'ciprocated by the prime mover, and a stationary armature.
  • the prime mover comprises a fixed portion including two coaxial cylinders 1, 2 and a reciprocable portion including a free piston 3 which is reciprocable in the cylinder 1, a piston 4 which is reciprocable in the cylinder 2, and an elongated piston rod 22 which is rigid with the pistons 3, 4 and carries the field.
  • the cylinder 1 and the piston 3 form part of an internal combustion engine which further comprises scavenging ports 5, exhaust ports 6 and injectors 7.
  • the cylinder 2 and piston 4 constitute component parts of a fluid-operated restoring spring which moves the right-hand piston 3 of FIG. 1 back to its left-hand end position.
  • the two cylinders are sealed from each other by a stufiing box 8 which surrounds an intermediate portion of the piston rod 22.
  • the right-hand end of the cylinder 2 is closed by an annular cover 9 having a hub 10 for a stuffing box and an annular bearing 11 for the piston rod 22.
  • the bearing 11 cooperates with the right-hand piston 3 to prevent wobbling'(lateral movements) of the piston rod 22 in the plane ofFIG. 1 but is movable'with the piston rod laterally in the plane of FIG. 3, i.e., at right angles to the plane of FIG. 1.
  • the hub 10 is formed with a non-circular passage 10' bounded by two concave and two flat internal surfaces and its fiat surfaces guide flats or facets 11' of the bearing 11.
  • the bore of the bearing 11 receives an intermediate portion of the piston rod 22 which latter is slidable therein.
  • the field comprises two packages of soft-iron laminations 16 which are disposed diametrically opposite each other, and clamping means including two axially spaced straps 1Q, 15. Each of these straps extends through a diametral slot of the piston rod 22 and the strap is biased toward the strap 14 by a nut 27 which meshes with an externally threaded end portion of the piston rod.
  • the packages of laminations 16 constitute two blades which share all reciprocating movements of the piston rod 22.
  • the laminations are separated from each other by foils of insulating material.
  • the two end portions of the strap 14 carry pivots 14 for two block-shaped followers or shoes 13 of rectangular outline.
  • Each of these followers is slidably guided in channels 12 provided therefor in rigid ways constituted by two guide rods 12 affixed to the cover 9, i.e., to the stationary portion of the prime mover.
  • the mounting of guide rods 12 is such that their channels 12 are exactly parallel to the common axis of the fixed cylinders 1 and 2.
  • the followers 13 are movable up and down, as viewed in FIG. 1, i.e., at right angles to the directions in which the bearing 10 is movable in the passage 10' of the hub 10.
  • Each of these followers has two parallel faces whose planes extend substantially radially of the axis of the piston rod 22.
  • the guide rods or ways I 12 also serve to support the armature of the alternator in such a way that the components of the armature are movable between the solid-line operative positions (adjacent to the path of movement of laminations 16) and the broken-line in-operative positions shown in FIG. 3.
  • the armature comprises iron laminations 18, 1'8, exciter coils 28, 28' of copper, and 'U-shaped positioning elements 19 made of sheet metal or the like.
  • the laminations 1'8, 18' are assembled into packages (see FIG. 3) and are traversed by tie rods 17 carrying spacer sleeves or distancing members 26.
  • the tie rods 17 also pass through the positioning members 19 each of which has two legs 19' provided with concave notches or recesses 19" receiving portions of the guide rods 12 in a manner as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Bolts 20 connect the legs 19' of adjoining positioning members 19 so that each part of such positioning members forms a substantially hexagonal frame best shown in FIG. 2.
  • Hinges 25 connect the components of the armature to the cover 9 (and hence to the guide rods 12) in a manner as shown in FIG. 3.
  • Each of these hinges comprises a first pintle 23 which is mounted on the cover 9 and a second pintle 24 which is mounted on the anmature.
  • the axes of the pintles 23, 24 are vertical, i.e., the two halves of the armature are pivotable in a horizontal plane.
  • the right-hand end face of the prime mover is fully exposed and the operators can gain access to the cover 9, pistons 3, 4 and other elements which are difiicult to reach when the armature is held in operative position.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a portion of a second alternator wherein the strap 14" of the clamping means carries cylindrical followers or blocks 13, 13" slidable in complementary channels provided therefor in the ways or guide rods 12".
  • the lower follower 13' is pivotally secured, without play, to the adjoining end portion of the strap 14" by a horizontal pivot pin 32 whose axis is normal to and crosses in space the axis of the piston rod 22. In this way, the follower 13' prevents uncontrolled movements of the field in the plane of FIG. 5 and also in the plane of FIG. 6.
  • the upper follower 13" is slidable vertically in a fork 33 forming the upper end portion of the strap 14".
  • the prongs of the fork 33 straddle two flats or facets of a pin 34 which can move radially of the piston rod 22 and carries or is integral with the upper follower 13".
  • the cover 9" of the prime mover carries a conventional stufling box 35 which replaces the stuffing box and the bearing 11 in the hub 10 of the cover 9 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the fork 33 and pin 34 replace the bearing 11. 50
  • FIGS. 7, 8 and 10 illustrate a portion of a third alternator whose field comprises three equidistant blades each including a package of soft-iron laminations 16 located ina plane which includes the axis of the piston rod 22".
  • the piston 3 is rigid with the piston rod 22" which latter carries a ring-shaped flange 33 and comprises a cylindrical portion 36 serving as a core for the field.
  • the core 36 is surrounded by a sleeve 39 having in its periphery three axially extending grooves for the radially innermost portions of the laminations 16.
  • the straps 14', 15' are disposed at the respective axial ends of such laminations and their outer end portions are fixed to the ends of tie rods 38.
  • each tie rod 38 is electrically insulated from the strap 14 or 15' to prevent electrical loop formation.
  • the tie rods 38 are outwardly adjacent to U-shaped retainers or'stiffeners 37 which accommodate the radially outermost portions of the respective laminations 16 and are clamped between the straps 14', 15.
  • the free end portion 4" of the piston rod 22" .constitutes the piston of the restoring spring.
  • the field is located between the piston 3 of the engine and the piston 4 of the restoring spring.
  • the restoring spring is preferably operated by a hydraulic pressure medium.
  • FIG. shows that the armature of the third alternator comprises three groups of laminations 18 and exciter coils 7'8.
  • FIGS. 9 and 11 show portions of an alternator which is analogous to the one shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 10 but whose field comprises only two packages of laminations 16 located diametrically opposite each other.
  • the armature comprises two groups of laminations and windings 28.
  • An alternator comprising a prime mover including a fixed portion and a reciprocable portion; an armature adjacent to said reciprocable portion; a field afiixed to said reciprocable portion to move therewith relative to said armature; fixed ways adjacent to said field; and follower means provided on said field and cooperating with said ways to guide said field during movement with said reciprocable portion.
  • clamping means comprises a pair of axially spaced strap means mounted on said piston rod, said follower means being provided on at least one of said strap means and said packages being disposed between said strap means.
  • said armature comprises plural packages of laminations, positioning means for said packages, and means for securing said positioning means to said ways.
  • said prime mover comprises an internal combustion engine having a cylinder which constitutes an element of said fixed portion and a piston which is rigid with said piston rod and is reciprocable in said cylinder, said prime mover further comprising a fluid-operated restoring spring for said piston, said spring including a second cylinder forn ing part of said fixed portion and a second piston reci rocable in said second cylinder and rigid with said pisto rod.
  • sai one strap means comprises end portions remote froi said piston rod and said follower means comprises block of polygonal outline and pivot means connecting sai blocks to the end portions of said one strap means, sai blocks having freedom of movementwith reference t said ways in a first plane which includes the axis of sai piston rod and further comprising bearing means carrie by said fixed portion for guiding the piston rod witl freedom of movement in a second plane which is norma to said first plane.
  • sail bearing comprises two facets parallel with said seconl plane and said fixed portion comprises a member receivin; said bearing with limited freedom of movement in sait second plane, said member having internal surfaces abut ting against said facets.
  • sait one strap means comprises end portions remote from sait piston rod and said follower means comprises cylindrica blocks articulately connected with said end portions, sait ways comprising channel means slidably receiving saic blocks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
US611058A 1966-01-27 1967-01-23 Alternator Expired - Lifetime US3443111A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR47428A FR1473214A (fr) 1966-01-27 1966-01-27 Perfectionnements apportés aux groupes thermiques comprenant un moteur à pistons libres et un alternateur à reluctance variable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3443111A true US3443111A (en) 1969-05-06

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US611058A Expired - Lifetime US3443111A (en) 1966-01-27 1967-01-23 Alternator

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US (1) US3443111A (no)
BE (1) BE689968A (no)
DE (1) DE1563445A1 (no)
FR (1) FR1473214A (no)
GB (1) GB1132941A (no)
LU (1) LU52497A1 (no)
NL (1) NL6700769A (no)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3510703A (en) * 1968-04-01 1970-05-05 Hermann Klaue Electric generator
US3541362A (en) * 1968-02-23 1970-11-17 Robert Pouit Electromagnetic generators
US3675031A (en) * 1969-11-27 1972-07-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique Heat-to-electric power converter
US4454426A (en) * 1981-08-17 1984-06-12 New Process Industries, Inc. Linear electromagnetic machine
US4697113A (en) * 1985-08-01 1987-09-29 Helix Technology Corporation Magnetically balanced and centered electromagnetic machine and cryogenic refrigerator employing same
WO2004022946A1 (de) * 2002-09-03 2004-03-18 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur regelung des betriebs einer einrichtung zur erzeugung elektrischer energie durch einen mittels einer freikolbenbrennkraftmaschine angetriebenen generator
WO2007035084A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2007-03-29 Stichting Administratiekantoor Brinks Westmass Free piston linear generator
WO2007126312A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-08 Stichting Administratiekantoor Brinks Westmaas Energy converter having pistons with internal gas passages
DE102005006340B4 (de) * 2004-07-26 2008-08-07 Dolezal, Horst, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Freikolben-Energieerzeuger

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1785643A (en) * 1927-04-25 1930-12-16 Noack Walter Gustav Internal-combustion power plant
US3247406A (en) * 1961-10-03 1966-04-19 Toesca Rene Antoine Michel Electromechanical energy converting device
US3337760A (en) * 1964-10-09 1967-08-22 United Aircraft Corp Electrical power generator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1785643A (en) * 1927-04-25 1930-12-16 Noack Walter Gustav Internal-combustion power plant
US3247406A (en) * 1961-10-03 1966-04-19 Toesca Rene Antoine Michel Electromechanical energy converting device
US3337760A (en) * 1964-10-09 1967-08-22 United Aircraft Corp Electrical power generator

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3541362A (en) * 1968-02-23 1970-11-17 Robert Pouit Electromagnetic generators
US3510703A (en) * 1968-04-01 1970-05-05 Hermann Klaue Electric generator
US3675031A (en) * 1969-11-27 1972-07-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique Heat-to-electric power converter
US4454426A (en) * 1981-08-17 1984-06-12 New Process Industries, Inc. Linear electromagnetic machine
WO1986000182A1 (en) * 1981-08-17 1986-01-03 New Process Industries, Inc. Linear electromagnetic machine
JPS61503000A (ja) * 1981-08-17 1986-12-18 ニュ−・プロセス・インダストリ−ズ・インコ−ポレ−テッド 線形電磁機械
US4697113A (en) * 1985-08-01 1987-09-29 Helix Technology Corporation Magnetically balanced and centered electromagnetic machine and cryogenic refrigerator employing same
US20050257757A1 (en) * 2002-09-03 2005-11-24 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Method for regulating the operation of a device for generating electric energy by means of a generator driven by a free-piston internal combustion engine
WO2004022946A1 (de) * 2002-09-03 2004-03-18 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur regelung des betriebs einer einrichtung zur erzeugung elektrischer energie durch einen mittels einer freikolbenbrennkraftmaschine angetriebenen generator
US7116004B2 (en) 2002-09-03 2006-10-03 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Method for regulating the operation of a device for generating electric energy by means of a generator driven by a free-piston internal combustion engine
CN100381684C (zh) * 2002-09-03 2008-04-16 Fev电机技术有限公司 调节通过借助自由活塞内燃机驱动的发电机产生电能的装置的操作的方法
DE102005006340B4 (de) * 2004-07-26 2008-08-07 Dolezal, Horst, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Freikolben-Energieerzeuger
WO2007035084A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2007-03-29 Stichting Administratiekantoor Brinks Westmass Free piston linear generator
WO2007035102A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2007-03-29 Brink Bedrijfswageninrichting B.V. Free piston linear generator
WO2007126312A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-08 Stichting Administratiekantoor Brinks Westmaas Energy converter having pistons with internal gas passages
US20090308345A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2009-12-17 Stichting Administratiekantoor Brinks Westmaas Energy Converter Having Pistons with Internal Gas Passages

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1132941A (en) 1968-11-06
BE689968A (no) 1967-05-02
LU52497A1 (no) 1967-02-02
NL6700769A (no) 1967-07-28
DE1563445A1 (de) 1969-10-16
FR1473214A (fr) 1967-03-17

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