US3435751A - Photocopy developing apparatus - Google Patents

Photocopy developing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3435751A
US3435751A US591822A US3435751DA US3435751A US 3435751 A US3435751 A US 3435751A US 591822 A US591822 A US 591822A US 3435751D A US3435751D A US 3435751DA US 3435751 A US3435751 A US 3435751A
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United States
Prior art keywords
water
ammonia
vessel
developing
paper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US591822A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert C Goodman
Emilio G Mastroianni
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R Q O HOLDING CO Inc
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GAF Corp
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Assigned to R Q O HOLDING COMPANY INC reassignment R Q O HOLDING COMPANY INC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GAF CORPORATION
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D3/00—Liquid processing apparatus involving immersion; Washing apparatus involving immersion
    • G03D3/02—Details of liquid circulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D7/00—Gas processing apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment

Definitions

  • a photographic apparatus having a developing chamber and a mixing chamber for anhydrous and aqueous ammonia.
  • a liquid vessel is connected to the mixing chamber and a pump connected to the liquid vessel establishes a predetermined liquid level in the mixing chamber.
  • a blower is in communication with the mixing chamber and circulates a solution into the developing chamber.
  • a heater system is provided in the developing and mixing chambers to maintain the proper temperatureof the solution.
  • the present invention relates to developing apparatus and more particularly to such apparatus in which exposed, sensitized material is contacted by a gaseous medium, such as an ammonia gas and water vapor mixture.
  • a gaseous medium such as an ammonia gas and water vapor mixture.
  • Certain rerpoduction processes use ammonia gas and water vapor mixtures to develop exposed images on sensitized webs of lm, plastics, paper or other gelatin coated materials. Diiculties have been experienced with transporting the material in the developing medium so that the material is uniformly contacted by the developing medium without leaving scratches or marks thereon caused by supports for the material itself. Further the supply of the medium must be uniform, and the concentration of the developing medium in the vapor phase, land its concentration with respect to water vapor which is added thereto, must remain in predetermined limits.
  • the developing apparatus has a pair of chambers vertically spaced from one another.
  • a material such as sensitive paper, which has been exposed, is fed by a pair of rollers having a suitable covering such as rubber or plastic, from an entrance into the area between the the chambers.
  • a developing medium such as an ammonia-water vapor mixture, is supplied from each chamber under pressure along the path of motion of the paper, to the upper and lower portions of the paper so that the paper is iloated on a developing medium as it moves from entrance to exit.
  • Another pair of rollers similar to the ones located at the entrance, are located at the exit to lead the developed paper from the area between the chambers.
  • a gas generator or mixer for the ammonia-water vapor mixture which includes a closed vessel, supplied with a heater,to which either anhydrous or aqueous ammonia can be supplied.
  • the closed vessel is connected to a water lvel vessel which in turn is connected to a water pump which establishes a level of water in the water vessel and thereby establishes a level of water in the closed vessel.
  • the control of the mixture that is, controlling the replacement of the water vapor and ammonia as it is removed from the gas generator, can of course be accomplished in accordance with other previously known arrangements, for example, using floats, chemical sensing controls and the like.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a developing apparatus in which sensitized material can be contacted by the developing medidum uniformly and over the entire area thereof.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a developing apparatus in which the sensitized material is supported by the developing medium while being transported therethrough.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a developing apparatus which can use either aqueous or anhydrous ammonia as the developing medium.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the developing apparatus, partly broken away, partly in pictorial, and partly in schematic form
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view along lines 2-2 of FIG. l, omitting unessential elements.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view along lines 3-3 of FIG. l.
  • FIGS. l and 2 a sheet of sensitized paper 10, which may be a cut sheet, or a continuous web from a roll, which is fed between a pair of rollers 11, 11 suitably secured in bearings (not shown) so that the rol-1ers normally contact each other. They tightly grip the paper 10 fed therebetween and in the absence of any paper form a sealing contact.
  • a housing 12 as more clearly viewed in FIG. 2, has top and bottom walls 13, 14, end walls 15, 15', 16, 16 and inner walls, 20 and 20.
  • the interior of the housing thus formed has a pair of box like closed chambers 19, 19.
  • the entrance to the area between the chambers 19, 19 is sealed by the rollers 11, 11 and by wipers 21, 21 which engage the rollers at a point remote from their mutual contact, so as to seal this area against the outside atmosphere.
  • the inner walls 20, 20' are perforated with a plurality of sized apertures as seen at 22, 22 to distribute the developing medium along the path of travel of the paper.
  • the exit from the housing is formed by rollers 18, 18 which together with wipers 28, 28 seal the area between the chambers 19, 19 in the same fashion as wipers 21, 21 and the rollers 11, 11.
  • Located within the chambers 19, 19 are perforated tubes 24, 24 which are coupled to a compressor 38 and supply developing medium from the compressor to the chambers 19, 19 as will be more fully described.
  • a portion of chambers 19, 19 close to the exit rollers 18, 18 is partitioned ott as seen at 25 and 25', respectively, to form exhaust duct connections which are coupled to the cornpressor for recirculating the developing medium.v
  • the boxlike chambers 19, 19 are wider than the paper 10 for which ythe apparatus is designed, so that developing medium introduced to the upper and lower box-like chambers 19 and 19 can pass aound the edges of the paper 10l and between edges 57 and 57 of end walls 20 and 20', respectively, and a housing frame 56 (shown in FIG. 3) to the outlet ducts 25, 25.
  • heaters in the form of electrical heating elements may also be used in the 1box-like chambers 19, 19. Four such heaters are shown in FIG. 1 at 26a-26d.
  • FIG. 1 Anhydrous ammonia is passed through an input tube 30 into a duct 53 which has an opening 53' leading to a ⁇ gas generator or mixing chamber 31.
  • Generator 31 is partly filled with water from a supply tube 32 entering at the bottom from a liquid level vessel 33; Iwhereby the liquid level in generator 31 and in vessel 33 are always at the same level.
  • the level of the vessel 33 is maintained at a preselected height with the aid of a pump 34 pumping -water through a pipe 54, a valve 35 and a pipe 55 which leads into the top of the level vessel 33.
  • Excess uid in the level vessel 33 is conducted to a sump 43 via a pipe 47, a valve 36 and a pipe 51, thereby maintaining the preselected level in vessel 33.
  • the sump 43 supplies water for the pump 34 through a supply pipe 56.
  • aqueous ammonia When aqueous ammonia is selected by a user, it is introduced into duct S3 through a pipe 40 and the excess fluid from generator 31 is conducted through pipes 47 and 48 and through valve 44 and pipe 49 to a drain vessel 45.
  • a pipe 41 in level vessel 33 and a pipe 46 in drain vessel 45 vent their respective vessels to atmospheric pressure.
  • mixing chamber 31 is provided with heater coils 37 which, like the heaters 26a-26d can be connected to a source of electrical power, not shown.
  • generator 31 is connected at 53' to the duct 53 which lhas a pair of outlet tubes, one connecting with supply tube 24 and the other with supply tube 24.
  • the inlet to Ithe duct 53 is from a blower 38 which exhausts developing medium from chamber outlet ducts 25, 25 to the blower inlet duct 40 as schematically indicated by arrows 39 and 39'.
  • the connection of duct 25 to the duct 40 of blower 38 has been shown in phantom in FIG. 1.
  • anhydrous ammonia or aqueous ammonia
  • the valves 35 and 36 are opened and the pump 34 is operated to maintain the preselected Water level in vessel 33 which thereby maintains the same level in generator 31 as previously described. Passing anhydrous ammonia from pipe 30 over the water in generator 31, while supplying heat through heater coils 37 will cause a water-vapor ammonia mixture to exit through opening 53 and be supplied under positive pressure by blower 38 to ducts 24,124. The water vapor ammonia mixture will escape through holes 22, 22 to float a sheet of paper 10 introduced between the rollers 11, 11 in its passage through the machine.
  • the ammonia-water vapor mixture can be retained at the proper temperature by means of the aforementioned heaters 26a-26d.
  • the vapor mixture is again recirculated by the blower 38, and brought to the proper temperature and humidity content by means of heater 37 and the continuous supply of anhydrous ammonia. If the water level in generator 31 drops, for example, due to absorption of water by the paper, pump 34 will continue to supply additional Water to vessel 33 which provides Water via pipe 32 to restore the level in generator 31.
  • valves 35 and 36 are closed and valve 44 is opened.
  • the supply of water may be greater than that absorbed by the paper or used in the developing process. Therefore, in order to maintain the level within generator 31 constant and at the proper height, pump 34 is not used and excess fluid from level vessel 33 is drained through pipes 47 and 48 through valve 44 and pipe 49 to the drain vessel 45.
  • An alternate way of supplying ammonia fumes, that is, a mixture of water vapor and ammonia to the developing surface, is to utilize only a single tube 24 or 24', with transfer slots at the lateral edges of the perforated sheets 20, 20 and thereby to deliver fumes to both chambers 19 and 19.
  • the remainder of the travel of the vaporammonia mixture will be similar to that previously described-air is forced by blower 38 to pass through the generator 31
  • water vapor caused by heating the water, by means of heater 37 is conditioned with ammonia, to either supply in anhydrous form through tube 4 30, or in aqueous form through tube 40. Ammoniated and heated vapor under pressure is then made to enter the developer through either one of tubes 24 or 24.
  • the length between the entrance and exit of the area between the chambers is smaller than the length of the sensitized paper to be developed. If, however, it is desirous to use paper with a length shorter than the distance between the entrance and exit, a pair of rollers may be inserted in this area to guide and support the shorter length of paper.
  • a mixing chamber having a pair of inlet means, one adapted for supply of anhydrous ammonia and the other for supply of aqueous ammonia; a heater in said mixing chamber; vessel means containing a liquid and connected to said mixing chamber for establishing a predetermining liquid level in said mixing chamber; a blower, in communication with said mixing chamber and delivering a water vapor-ammonia mixture therefrom; and means supplying said mixture of water vapor and ammonia under pressure into said developing chamber to float the paper thereon.
  • a pump in communication with said vessel means provides water to said vessel supply means determined in proportion to the use of the water vapor-ammonia mixture and the supply of anhydrous ammonia.
  • An improved developing apparatus including a gaseous developing medium introduced under pressure to develop and support an exposed sheet of sensitized paper, the improvement comprising a mixing chamber for ammonia and water in communication with a fluid inlet means disposed adjacent a paper entrance means for introducing said ammonia and water into a pair of spaced apart, vertically disposed chambers respectively; a first supply tube for leading anhydrous ammonia into said mixing chamber; a second supply tube for leading aqueous ammonia into said mixing chamber; a heater in said mixing chamber; a supply vessel for water; and means interconnecting said mixing chamber and said water supply vessel whereby the fluid level in said mixing chamber is maintained at the same level as said Water supply vessel.
  • Developing apparatus as recited in claim 3 including a pump wherein the improvement comprises disposing said pump in uid circuit relation with an interconnecting means interconnecting a mixing chamber and a water supply vessel to establish, selectively, the level of uid in said water supply vessel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Photographic Processing Devices Using Wet Methods (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
US591822A 1966-11-03 1966-11-03 Photocopy developing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3435751A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59182266A 1966-11-03 1966-11-03

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US3435751A true US3435751A (en) 1969-04-01

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US591822A Expired - Lifetime US3435751A (en) 1966-11-03 1966-11-03 Photocopy developing apparatus

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US (1) US3435751A (de)
CH (1) CH470696A (de)
DE (2) DE1597682C3 (de)
GB (1) GB1142430A (de)
NL (1) NL6714928A (de)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3541697A (en) * 1968-08-01 1970-11-24 Aer Corp High velocity through-drying system
US3570383A (en) * 1967-11-06 1971-03-16 Scott Paper Co Apparatus for developing and fixing a thermodevelopable photographic medium
US3659348A (en) * 1970-05-27 1972-05-02 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for fusing xerographic toners
US3720150A (en) * 1971-02-16 1973-03-13 Memorex Corp Diazo film developer
US3776110A (en) * 1972-01-21 1973-12-04 R Clayton Doorless passbox for x-ray cassettes and the like
US3791345A (en) * 1972-05-09 1974-02-12 Itek Corp Liquid toner applicator
US3812598A (en) * 1972-01-26 1974-05-28 Omnium De Prospective Ind Sa Apparatus for drying damp web material
US3878622A (en) * 1971-11-06 1975-04-22 Canon Kk Photographic copying apparatus
US3893245A (en) * 1972-03-28 1975-07-08 Canon Kk Photocopying apparatus
US3914097A (en) * 1974-02-01 1975-10-21 Eastman Kodak Co Sheet guide and cooling apparatus
US3991483A (en) * 1971-11-06 1976-11-16 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Photographic copying apparatus
US4019193A (en) * 1974-07-03 1977-04-19 Addressograph Multigraph Corporation Developer apparatus
US4091404A (en) * 1971-12-28 1978-05-23 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for developing photosensitive material
US4147422A (en) * 1978-04-17 1979-04-03 Quantor Corporation Method and apparatus for evacuating aqueous ammonia vapor from film developing chambers
US4204340A (en) * 1977-05-18 1980-05-27 Air Industrie Installation for treating a product in a gaseous medium
WO1980002335A1 (en) * 1979-04-19 1980-10-30 Ncr Co Diazo film developing apparatus and method
US4255037A (en) * 1978-04-17 1981-03-10 Quantor Corporation High speed, low temperature and pressure diazo processing apparatus
US4360259A (en) * 1981-02-13 1982-11-23 Burgess Dennis A Diazo developing apparatus
US4412731A (en) * 1981-07-29 1983-11-01 Ncr Corporation High speed low temperature diazo processor
US4535222A (en) * 1976-02-05 1985-08-13 Rockwell International Corporation Temperature control system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2250371C3 (de) * 1972-10-13 1982-01-07 Agfa-Gevaert Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Lichtsichere Schleuse

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3048383A (en) * 1958-09-18 1962-08-07 Swindell Dressler Corp Furnace or like system for gas-supporting and treating flat work
US3071866A (en) * 1959-09-14 1963-01-08 Miami Herald Publishing Compan High speed photographic print drying machine
US3147687A (en) * 1961-10-05 1964-09-08 Ozalid Co Ltd Method of and apparatus for the development of light sensitive diazotype materials
US3192846A (en) * 1961-08-22 1965-07-06 Itek Corp Data processing apparatus
US3308555A (en) * 1963-04-13 1967-03-14 Internat Copying Machines Co M Drier particularly for photographic sheet material
US3330189A (en) * 1966-09-02 1967-07-11 Nuclear Corp Of America Fixing system for copy machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3048383A (en) * 1958-09-18 1962-08-07 Swindell Dressler Corp Furnace or like system for gas-supporting and treating flat work
US3071866A (en) * 1959-09-14 1963-01-08 Miami Herald Publishing Compan High speed photographic print drying machine
US3192846A (en) * 1961-08-22 1965-07-06 Itek Corp Data processing apparatus
US3147687A (en) * 1961-10-05 1964-09-08 Ozalid Co Ltd Method of and apparatus for the development of light sensitive diazotype materials
US3308555A (en) * 1963-04-13 1967-03-14 Internat Copying Machines Co M Drier particularly for photographic sheet material
US3330189A (en) * 1966-09-02 1967-07-11 Nuclear Corp Of America Fixing system for copy machine

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3570383A (en) * 1967-11-06 1971-03-16 Scott Paper Co Apparatus for developing and fixing a thermodevelopable photographic medium
US3541697A (en) * 1968-08-01 1970-11-24 Aer Corp High velocity through-drying system
US3659348A (en) * 1970-05-27 1972-05-02 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for fusing xerographic toners
US3720150A (en) * 1971-02-16 1973-03-13 Memorex Corp Diazo film developer
US3991483A (en) * 1971-11-06 1976-11-16 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Photographic copying apparatus
US3878622A (en) * 1971-11-06 1975-04-22 Canon Kk Photographic copying apparatus
US4091404A (en) * 1971-12-28 1978-05-23 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for developing photosensitive material
US3776110A (en) * 1972-01-21 1973-12-04 R Clayton Doorless passbox for x-ray cassettes and the like
US3812598A (en) * 1972-01-26 1974-05-28 Omnium De Prospective Ind Sa Apparatus for drying damp web material
US3893245A (en) * 1972-03-28 1975-07-08 Canon Kk Photocopying apparatus
US3791345A (en) * 1972-05-09 1974-02-12 Itek Corp Liquid toner applicator
US3914097A (en) * 1974-02-01 1975-10-21 Eastman Kodak Co Sheet guide and cooling apparatus
US4019193A (en) * 1974-07-03 1977-04-19 Addressograph Multigraph Corporation Developer apparatus
US4535222A (en) * 1976-02-05 1985-08-13 Rockwell International Corporation Temperature control system
US4204340A (en) * 1977-05-18 1980-05-27 Air Industrie Installation for treating a product in a gaseous medium
US4147422A (en) * 1978-04-17 1979-04-03 Quantor Corporation Method and apparatus for evacuating aqueous ammonia vapor from film developing chambers
US4255037A (en) * 1978-04-17 1981-03-10 Quantor Corporation High speed, low temperature and pressure diazo processing apparatus
WO1980002335A1 (en) * 1979-04-19 1980-10-30 Ncr Co Diazo film developing apparatus and method
US4243310A (en) * 1979-04-19 1981-01-06 Quantor Corporation High speed, low temperature diazo processor
US4360259A (en) * 1981-02-13 1982-11-23 Burgess Dennis A Diazo developing apparatus
US4412731A (en) * 1981-07-29 1983-11-01 Ncr Corporation High speed low temperature diazo processor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1597682A1 (de) 1970-06-04
CH470696A (de) 1969-03-31
DE1597682B2 (de) 1975-02-27
GB1142430A (en) 1969-02-05
NL6714928A (de) 1968-05-06
DE1597682C3 (de) 1975-10-09
DE1977683U (de) 1968-01-25

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AS Assignment

Owner name: R Q O HOLDING COMPANY INC, NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GAF CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004006/0585

Effective date: 19820526

Owner name: R Q O HOLDING COMPANY INC 111 WEST 2ND ST JAMESTOW

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GAF CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004006/0585

Effective date: 19820526