US3425600A - Pressurized powder dispensing device - Google Patents

Pressurized powder dispensing device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3425600A
US3425600A US571824A US3425600DA US3425600A US 3425600 A US3425600 A US 3425600A US 571824 A US571824 A US 571824A US 3425600D A US3425600D A US 3425600DA US 3425600 A US3425600 A US 3425600A
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United States
Prior art keywords
product
propellant
container
powder
valve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US571824A
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English (en)
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Robert Henry Abplanalp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/60—Contents and propellant separated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/16—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant characterised by the actuating means
    • B65D83/20—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant characterised by the actuating means operated by manual action, e.g. button-type actuator or actuator caps
    • B65D83/205—Actuator caps, or peripheral actuator skirts, attachable to the aerosol container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/60—Contents and propellant separated
    • B65D83/66—Contents and propellant separated first separated, but finally mixed, e.g. in a dispensing head

Definitions

  • a dispenser of the isolation type comprises a vessel containing pressurized gaseous or gasifiable liquid propellant which is mounted within, but otherwise is separate from a container for fluent product to be dispensed.
  • the propellant and the product are isolated from one another until mixed at or near the discharge port of the dispenser in the course of discharge.
  • a valve located in the head structure of the propellant chamber normally prevents outflow of the pressurized propellant, but on being opened permits flow of propellant in gaseous (vapor) form to the discharge port.
  • an ejector sometimes called a venturi near the discharge port, to which separate flow lines from the product container and the propellant container are respectively connected
  • the outflow of the propellant when the valve is opened reduces the pressure in the product flow line and product container and a simultaneous outflow of the product is brought about.
  • a spray discharge is produced.
  • dispensers of the isolation type having means providing a positive flow of gas into the product container during discharge are particularly useful to dispense powdered products.
  • a gas flow system is provided which avoids contamination of the powder with moisture.
  • the powder With a positive how of gas passing into the product container, the powder is continuously agitated during discharge, thereby fiuidizing at least a portion of the powder and providing a continuous supply of powder to the prodnot flow line leading to the ejector.
  • the gas flow also acts as a carrier and thereby assists the discharge of powder.
  • a powder dispenser of the isolation type having means for directing a stream or streams of gas at the powder supply with suificient velocity to agitate or fiuidize the powder and thereby sweep the powder toward the eduction tube.
  • the source of the stream of gas may be atmospheric air which enters the product container through channels directed at the powder surface.
  • the operation of the dispenser reduces the pressure in the product container sufficiently to draw air from the atmosphere through the channels with sufiicient velocity to accomplish at least partial fluidization of the powder.
  • propellant vapor may be directed from the propellant vessel upon actuation of the propellant valve to supply the agitational force within the product container.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in elevation of a powder dispenser according to the present invention showing a surrounding product container in vertical cross-section;
  • FIG. la is a sectional view taken on line AA of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a view in elevation of another embodiment of the present invention showing a portion of a surrounding product container in vertical cross-section;
  • FIG. 3 is a view in elevation of a further embodiment of the present invention showing the propellant chamber and a portion of the product container in vertical crosssection;
  • FIG. 4 is a view in elevation of a still further embodiment of the present invention showing a surrounding product container in vertical cross-section.
  • a product container generally designated as 20 surrounds the propellant container 10, said container 10 being mounted within the product container by attachment at the mouth 21 of the product container 20.
  • the propellant container 10 includes a head structure 12 (not shown in detail in FIG. 1) comprising a mounting cup for closing the top opening in the propellant container 10, a manually operable valve assembly for controlling propellant flow, and an actuator 25 which is mounted on a valve Stern extending through a central opening in the mounting cup.
  • the actuator has an ejector to which separate product and propellant lines flow.
  • a product dip tube 11 communicating at its upper end with the product flow line which extends through the propellant container to the ejector.
  • the propellant container 10 is retained in the mouth 21 of the product container by means of a head 22 formed in the exterior wall of the propellant container 10 and a complementary groove (not shown in section of FIG. 1) formed in the interior wall of the mouth 21 of the product container 20. Spaced about the periphery of the interior wall of the mouth 21 of the product container are grooves or channels 23 which communicate the interior of the product container 10 with the atmosphere, the channels 23 being directed downwardly towards the powdered product 24.
  • the plurality of grooves 23 and their spacing is best shown in FIG. 1a.
  • the grooves should be relatively small to accelerate the inflowing air to provide .a jet-like stream of incoming air.
  • Operation of the dispenser causes a drop in pressure in the product container 20.
  • the reduced pressure within the container 20 induces air to rush through the channels 23 and impinge upon the powdered product 24.
  • the air impingement continually agitates and redistributes the surface of the powdered product mass 24 to prevent compacting or stacking of the powder.
  • the fiow of air through the powdered product 24 causes the individual powder particles to be surrounded and buoyed by that air, inflating the mass and permitting the individual particles to move with respect to one another with greater facility.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 2. This embodiment is similar to that of FIG. 1 with the exception of the location of the air channels.
  • indentations of splines 29 are provided on the exterior wall of the container 10. These splines provide passages which communicate the interior of the product container 20 with the atmosphere. The splines cooperate with the mouth portion 21 of the container to produce jet forming orifices.
  • FIG. 3 the product container 20 is shown in partial section and the propellant container is shown mounted in the mouth 21 of the product container in a manner shown in FIG. 1.
  • a head structure generally designated as 30, comprising a manually operable valve unit attached to a mounting cup 31 which forms the closure for the top opening of the propellant container and an actuator 32 positioned in the valve stem 33 which extends through a central aperture 34 in the mounting cup 31.
  • the valve parts 35, 36, and 37 comprise the gasket, valve housing and the body, respectively.
  • the valve body 37 has a central longitudinal passage 39 which extends through the valve stem and communicates at its lower end with the product flow line 9 and at its upper end with the ejector zone 40.
  • the product flow line 9 is sealed to the propellant container bottom by means of a tapered plug 13.
  • the product flow line communicates with a product eduction tube .11 which extends into the product mass.
  • the valve body 37 further has a longitudinal passage 41 which surrounds the longitudinal product passage 39 and communicates at its lower end with the opening 38 in the valve body and at its upper end with the passage 42, which passage 42 communicates with the ejector zone 40 through passage 43.
  • the actuator 32 is of the construction set forth in application Ser. No. 524,527 referred to above, and further comprises an annular laterally extending portion 46 and an annular skirt 47 depending from the lateral portion 46.
  • the lower portion of the skirt 47 has an annular bead 48 which mates with an annular groove 49 in the exterior wall of the mouth 21 of the product container 20, thereby mounting the actuator 32 to the product container 20 and forming the closed chamber 45.
  • the actuator 32 is fabricated of a material that will permit downward movement of the actuator relative to the product container so as to actuate the valve.
  • the lateral portion 46 may be constructed of a relatively thin section of plastic, such as, nylon or polyethylene, such that upon finger pressure to the surface 50 the lateral portion 46 will flex in a downward direction.
  • valve stem 33 In the valve stem 33 is an opening 44 which permits bleeding of propellant from the passage 41 to the chamber 45 defined by the actuator and its associated lateral portion 46 and skirt portions 47.
  • the bleed passage 44 is of a controlled dimension which permits passage of a limited amount of propellant from the passage 41 to the chamber 45 and ultimately through grooves 23 into the product container 20 whereat it acts to agitate the powder 24 (not shown).
  • the amount of propellant passed through the opening 44 should be limited to permit a sufficient quantity of propellant to pass into the ejector zone 40 so as to effect a pressure drop in the product lines 11 and 39.
  • the amount of bleed off to permit optimum efficiency for each powdered product may be determined by simple experimentation.
  • the exterior of the valve body 37 and its associated valve stem 33 may have one or more grooves or splines which communicate with the propellant container 20 and the chamber 45 upon actuation of the valve.
  • finger pressure on the actuator 32 will depress the valve body 37 and peel back the gasket 35 in a known manner so as to bring the opening 38 into communication with the propellant vapor.
  • the vapor will pass into the passage 41, through the passages 42 and 43 to the ejector zone 40.
  • the flow of propellant through the ejector zone 40 will cause a pressure reduction in the product flow lines 11 and 39 and effect product flow through 11 and 39 to the ejector zone 40, whereat it is discharged to the atmosphere.
  • a portion of the propellant passing through passage 41 will exit through the opening 44 into the chamber 45 from whence the propellant passes through the grooves 23 into the product container 20, whereat it provides an agitational force for the powder.
  • the powder may be agitated without introduction of atmospheric moisture.
  • the propellant acts as a fluidizer of the powder with all the attendant advantages of a fluidized system for conveying a powder. Proportioning of the bleed passages 34 and channels 23 will provide adequate downward velocity for the propellant vapor.
  • FIG. 3 may also be used to assist the dispensing of viscous liquid products.
  • the propellant bleed passages are then proportioned to provide a pressure within the product container somewhat in excess of atmospheric pressure to assist in forcing product up the eduction tube 9.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 includes a distribution tube 26 for introducing gas to the powder mass 24 which communicates at its upper end with the groove 22 and extends downwardly into the powder 24.
  • the distribution tube may be transversely perforated with small apertures 27 to introduce gas to the powder mass 24.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 4 may be employed with tan atmospheric communication at the upper end of the distribution tube 26 as it is illustrated, or may readily be adapted to the propellant bleed system illustrated in FIG. 3 wherein the distribution tube 26 would be used in lieu of channels 23 shown in FIG. 3.
  • a dispenser of the isolation type wherein powdered product and propellant are stored in separate containers each provided with separate flow lines leading to a discharge ejector
  • the improvement comprising an inlet in the product container open at one end to the atmosphere and in communication with a passage for directing a stream of air to the product with sufficient velocity to agitate the product to. aid its flow to the ejector, said air stream being effected by a reduction of pressure in the product chamber during discharge of the product.
  • a container having a powdered product therein and a propellant container having a head structure in the top of the propellant container comprising a valve unit for controlling propellant flow and a valve actuator having a venturi discharge ejector therein, the propellant container being mounted within a top opening of the powder container; and wherein separate powder suction and propellant pressure flow lines are established between the respective containers and the appropriate chambers of the ejector, the improvement comprising having at least one inlet to the powder container and at least one propellant vapor port in the propellant flow line, and a passage communicating the inlet to the product container and the propellant vapor port and directed at the powder surface so that upon actuation of the propellant valve a portion of the propellant vapor will pass into the passage to the product container with sufficient velocity to therein agitate the powder.
  • the propellant vapor port is a transverse opening in the exterior wall of the valve stem which communicates the propellant flow line in said valve stem and the chamber.
  • propellant vapor port is a longitudinal groove in the exterior wall of the valve stem which connects the interior of the propellant container and chamber upon actuation of the valve.
  • a dispenser of the isolation type having a closed product container, a valved propellant container, a valve actuator having a venturi discharge ejector, and a propellant pressure flow line separate from a product suction line each of said lines leading from their containers to the appropriate chambers in the ejector,
  • the improvement comprising a conduit to the product container in communication with the propellant flow line at a point beyond the valve to effect an increase in the pressure in the product container above that of the product suction line during discharge to assist the ejector in extracting the product.
  • the dispenser of claim 10 wherein the product is powdered and wherein the inlet is in communication with a passage for directing a stream of propellant gas at the product with suflicient velocity to agitate the product during discharge to assist the ejector in extracting powdered product.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US571824A 1966-08-11 1966-08-11 Pressurized powder dispensing device Expired - Lifetime US3425600A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US57182466A 1966-08-11 1966-08-11

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US (1) US3425600A (es)
BE (1) BE702138A (es)
CH (1) CH494684A (es)
DE (1) DE1625197A1 (es)
ES (1) ES343504A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1187263A (es)
GR (1) GR37025B (es)
IL (1) IL28289A (es)
NL (1) NL6710878A (es)
SE (1) SE326411B (es)

Cited By (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3589618A (en) * 1966-11-28 1971-06-29 Geigy Chem Corp Plug valve assembly for fluid product dispenser having retaining ring supporting a propellant cartridge
US3598291A (en) * 1968-03-29 1971-08-10 Geigy Chem Corp Aerosol-type dispenser for dispensing a powdered material
US3704811A (en) * 1970-07-24 1972-12-05 Creative Ideas Inc Portable sandblaster
US4227631A (en) * 1977-10-29 1980-10-14 Hilmar Schneider Valve for a spray container
US4792062A (en) * 1986-05-09 1988-12-20 L'oreal Package for two pressurized receptacles
DE3742466A1 (de) * 1987-12-15 1989-06-29 Vorwerk Co Interholding Verfahren und vorrichtung zur durchmischung feststoffhaltiger suspensionen
US5740794A (en) * 1994-09-21 1998-04-21 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Apparatus and methods for dispersing dry powder medicaments
US5780014A (en) * 1995-04-14 1998-07-14 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Method and apparatus for pulmonary administration of dry powder alpha 1-antitrypsin
US5997848A (en) * 1994-03-07 1999-12-07 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Methods and compositions for pulmonary delivery of insulin
US6051256A (en) * 1994-03-07 2000-04-18 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Dispersible macromolecule compositions and methods for their preparation and use
US6089228A (en) * 1994-09-21 2000-07-18 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Apparatus and methods for dispersing dry powder medicaments
US6092697A (en) * 1998-09-17 2000-07-25 Weaver; Frank S. Two chambered spray can
US6257233B1 (en) 1998-06-04 2001-07-10 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Dry powder dispersing apparatus and methods for their use
US20020124852A1 (en) * 1993-01-29 2002-09-12 Igor Gonda Method of treating diabetes mellitus in a patient
US6509006B1 (en) 1992-07-08 2003-01-21 Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Devices compositions and methods for the pulmonary delivery of aerosolized medicaments
US20030068279A1 (en) * 1995-04-14 2003-04-10 Platz Robert M. Devices, compositions and methods for the pulmonary delivery of aerosolized medicaments
US20030086877A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 2003-05-08 Platz Robert M. Devices, compositions and methods for the pulmonary delivery of aerosolized medicaments
US20030232020A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-12-18 Peter York Particulate materials
US6679256B2 (en) 1999-12-17 2004-01-20 Nektar Therapeutics Systems and methods for extracting powders from receptacles
US6681767B1 (en) 1991-07-02 2004-01-27 Nektar Therapeutics Method and device for delivering aerosolized medicaments
US20050274377A1 (en) * 1993-01-29 2005-12-15 Igor Gonda Method of treating diabetes mellitus in a patient
US20050279349A1 (en) * 1991-07-02 2005-12-22 Patton John S Method and device for delivering aerosolized medicaments
US20070178141A1 (en) * 2005-09-07 2007-08-02 Bebaas, Inc. Vitamin B12 compositions
US20080283058A1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2008-11-20 Eg Technology Limited Inhaler
US20090151729A1 (en) * 2005-11-08 2009-06-18 Resmed Limited Nasal Assembly
US20090285905A1 (en) * 1996-12-31 2009-11-19 Gordon Marc S Systems and processes for spray drying hydrophobic drugs with hydrophilic excipients
US20100034910A1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2010-02-11 Novartis Pharma Ag Spray drying process control of drying kinetics
US20100108058A1 (en) * 2006-10-25 2010-05-06 Mark Glusker Powder dispersion apparatus, method of making and using the apparatus, and components that can be used on the apparatus and other devices
US8251255B1 (en) 2004-07-02 2012-08-28 Homax Products, Inc. Aerosol spray texture apparatus for a particulate containing material
US8313011B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2012-11-20 Homax Products, Inc. Systems and methods for applying texture material to ceiling surfaces
US8317065B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2012-11-27 Homax Products, Inc. Actuator systems and methods for aerosol wall texturing
US8336742B2 (en) 2004-10-08 2012-12-25 Homax Products, Inc. Aerosol systems and methods for dispensing texture material
US8342421B2 (en) 2004-01-28 2013-01-01 Homax Products Inc Texture material for covering a repaired portion of a textured surface
US8353465B2 (en) 2003-04-10 2013-01-15 Homax Products, Inc Dispensers for aerosol systems
US8551572B1 (en) 2007-04-04 2013-10-08 Homax Products, Inc. Spray texture material compositions, systems, and methods with anti-corrosion characteristics
US8580349B1 (en) 2007-04-05 2013-11-12 Homax Products, Inc. Pigmented spray texture material compositions, systems, and methods
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US9156602B1 (en) 2012-05-17 2015-10-13 Homax Products, Inc. Actuators for dispensers for texture material
US9156042B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2015-10-13 Homax Products, Inc. Systems and methods for dispensing texture material using dual flow adjustment
US9248457B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2016-02-02 Homax Products, Inc. Systems and methods for dispensing texture material using dual flow adjustment
US9254370B2 (en) 2006-11-14 2016-02-09 Resmed Limited Frame and vent assembly for mask assembly
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US9435120B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2016-09-06 Homax Products, Inc. Acoustic ceiling popcorn texture materials, systems, and methods
USD787326S1 (en) 2014-12-09 2017-05-23 Ppg Architectural Finishes, Inc. Cap with actuator
US9700529B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2017-07-11 Nektar Therapeutics Particulate materials
US9776785B2 (en) 2013-08-19 2017-10-03 Ppg Architectural Finishes, Inc. Ceiling texture materials, systems, and methods
US11406771B2 (en) 2017-01-10 2022-08-09 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Apparatuses and methods for delivering powdered agents

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Cited By (118)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3589618A (en) * 1966-11-28 1971-06-29 Geigy Chem Corp Plug valve assembly for fluid product dispenser having retaining ring supporting a propellant cartridge
US3598291A (en) * 1968-03-29 1971-08-10 Geigy Chem Corp Aerosol-type dispenser for dispensing a powdered material
US3704811A (en) * 1970-07-24 1972-12-05 Creative Ideas Inc Portable sandblaster
US4227631A (en) * 1977-10-29 1980-10-14 Hilmar Schneider Valve for a spray container
US4792062A (en) * 1986-05-09 1988-12-20 L'oreal Package for two pressurized receptacles
DE3742466A1 (de) * 1987-12-15 1989-06-29 Vorwerk Co Interholding Verfahren und vorrichtung zur durchmischung feststoffhaltiger suspensionen
US6681767B1 (en) 1991-07-02 2004-01-27 Nektar Therapeutics Method and device for delivering aerosolized medicaments
US20050279349A1 (en) * 1991-07-02 2005-12-22 Patton John S Method and device for delivering aerosolized medicaments
US8313011B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2012-11-20 Homax Products, Inc. Systems and methods for applying texture material to ceiling surfaces
US8317065B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2012-11-27 Homax Products, Inc. Actuator systems and methods for aerosol wall texturing
US8584898B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2013-11-19 Homax Products, Inc. Systems and methods for applying texture material to ceiling surfaces
US8887953B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2014-11-18 Homax Products, Inc. Systems and methods for applying texture material to ceiling surfaces
US8505786B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2013-08-13 Homax Products, Inc. Actuator systems and methods for aerosol wall texturing
US9845185B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2017-12-19 Ppg Architectural Finishes, Inc. Systems and methods for applying texture material
US9181020B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2015-11-10 Homax Products, Inc. Actuator systems and methods for aerosol wall texturing
US8573451B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2013-11-05 Homax Products, Inc. Actuator systems and methods for aerosol wall texturing
US8701944B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2014-04-22 Homax Products, Inc. Actuator systems and methods for aerosol wall texturing
US8985392B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2015-03-24 Homax Products, Inc. Systems and methods for applying texture material to ceiling surfaces
US9079703B2 (en) 1992-02-24 2015-07-14 Homax Products, Inc. Actuator systems and methods for aerosol wall texturing
US6509006B1 (en) 1992-07-08 2003-01-21 Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Devices compositions and methods for the pulmonary delivery of aerosolized medicaments
US6921527B2 (en) 1992-07-08 2005-07-26 Nektar Therapeutics Composition for pulmonary administration comprising a drug and a hydrophobic amino acid
US6797258B2 (en) 1992-07-08 2004-09-28 Nektar Therapeutics Compositions and methods for the pulmonary delivery of aerosolized macromolecules
US20030086877A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 2003-05-08 Platz Robert M. Devices, compositions and methods for the pulmonary delivery of aerosolized medicaments
US6582728B1 (en) 1992-07-08 2003-06-24 Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Spray drying of macromolecules to produce inhaleable dry powders
US20030129141A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 2003-07-10 Platz Robert M. Composition for pulmonary administration comprising a drug and a hydrophobic amino acid
US20070122418A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 2007-05-31 Nektar Therapeutics Compositions and methods for the pulmonary delivery of aerosolized medicaments
US20030185765A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 2003-10-02 Platz Robert M. Composition for pulmonary administration comprising a drug and a hydrophobic amino acid
US20030198601A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 2003-10-23 Platz Robert M. Compositions and methods for the pulmonary delivery of aerosolized medicaments
US20080060644A1 (en) * 1993-01-29 2008-03-13 Novo Nordisk A/S - Novo Alle Method Of Treating Diabetes Mellitus In A Patient
US20020124852A1 (en) * 1993-01-29 2002-09-12 Igor Gonda Method of treating diabetes mellitus in a patient
US20080264416A1 (en) * 1993-01-29 2008-10-30 Novo Nordisk A/S Method of Treating Diabetes Mellitus in a Patient
US20050274377A1 (en) * 1993-01-29 2005-12-15 Igor Gonda Method of treating diabetes mellitus in a patient
US7448375B2 (en) 1993-01-29 2008-11-11 Aradigm Corporation Method of treating diabetes mellitus in a patient
US7278419B2 (en) 1993-01-29 2007-10-09 Novo Nordisk A/S Method for treating diabetes mellitus in a patient
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IL28289A (en) 1970-08-19
NL6710878A (es) 1968-02-12
GR37025B (el) 1969-04-07
ES343504A1 (es) 1968-07-16
SE326411B (es) 1970-07-20
BE702138A (es) 1968-01-02
GB1187263A (en) 1970-04-08
DE1625197A1 (de) 1970-06-18
CH494684A (fr) 1970-08-15

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