US3422580A - A finishing process employing solid-gas pellets - Google Patents

A finishing process employing solid-gas pellets Download PDF

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Publication number
US3422580A
US3422580A US498972A US3422580DA US3422580A US 3422580 A US3422580 A US 3422580A US 498972 A US498972 A US 498972A US 3422580D A US3422580D A US 3422580DA US 3422580 A US3422580 A US 3422580A
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United States
Prior art keywords
parts
finishing
pellets
chips
composition
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Expired - Lifetime
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US498972A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gunther W Balz
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Roto Finish Co Inc
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Roto Finish Co Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
    • B24B31/14—Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the finishing art and is more particularly concerned with a novel finishing composition and a method for removing finishing composition pellets and portions thereof which are entrapped in the cavities of finished parts.
  • Finishing of parts is generally accomplished by tumbling or vibrating the parts in a chamber together with a finishing composition to cause relative motion between the parts and the finishing composition.
  • a finishing composition generally comprises either a mixture of relatively large pellets utilized as a bulking agent, together with a more finely divided abrasive material.
  • the composition may comprise relatively large size pellets in which the more finely divided abrasive material has been dispersed, either uniformly or alternatively concentrated at the surface, center, or some other area thereof.
  • Such pellets, or chips as they are commonly termed may be prepared in any of many different forms such as triangles, rings, stars, bars, cylinders, tubes, and various other suitable forms.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a process according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a process constituting a modified embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation of a typical pellet or chip
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cross-section of a part showing a plurality of chips entrapped in certain cavities thereof.
  • a finishing composition comprising chips or pellets, usually of relatively large size compared to the size of the associated abrasive particles, and an abrasive material.
  • the abrasive material may be provided as separate finely divided or particulate material, in which case the pellets or chips are utilized in 6 Claims the capacity of a bulking agent.
  • the abrasive particles may be dispersed within the chips, either uniformly or concentrated at the surface or center or at another particular portion thereof.
  • a further alternative involves the use of abrasive material either free or dispersed in a usual pel et or chip matrix together with the unique bulking material of the invention.
  • a still further alternative involves use of abrasive material partly in a normal or usual pellet or chip matrix and partly in a matrix according to the invention.
  • the material from which the chips are produced is so chosen that it has certain physical properties which have different values than the comparable properties of the parts to be finished.
  • the material is chosen to melt or sublime under such temperature conditions which leave the parts to be finished unaffected. Consequently, as an additional step in the finishing process, in order to remove chips which may have become entrapped within cavities of the part to be finished, the parts containing entrapped pellets are sub jected to temperature conditions of sufficient nature and magnitude to cause melting or subliming of the chip material to take place, but which leaves the parts unaffected. As a consequence, the pellets or chips become disengaged from the cavities of the parts and are readily separated therefrom.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • the parts and fiinishing composition are first subjected to a finishing process which may involve any one of many such methods and apparatus as commonly used, as for example a deburring process in a suitable finishing apparatus 1.
  • a finishing process which may involve any one of many such methods and apparatus as commonly used, as for example a deburring process in a suitable finishing apparatus 1.
  • the mixture comprising the parts and finishing composition is removed from the finishing machine and the parts separated from the unentrapped finishing composition by means of an apparatus such as a vibrating screen 2.
  • the separated parts, which may contain entrapped finishing pellets are then transferred to an inert liquid bath, such as a water bath 3.
  • the liquid bath 3 is maintained at a temperature sufficiently high to soften, fuse, or sublime the material of which the chips are fabricated.
  • This temperature is sub stantially lower than the temperature required for causing a similar change in the parts.
  • Such change of state of the pellets or chips permits them to be dislodged from the openings or cavities of the parts and to fall to the bottom of the bath, where they may be removed or recovered by suitable means (if in their changed state they are so removeable and/ or recoverable and worth the recovery effort).
  • the parts may be subjected to a tumbling operation to permit the contained chips to be removed by means of gravity.
  • Such chips may subsequently be removed by any suitable means such as a vibrating screen.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment for use with pellets for which the temperature required to cause melting or sublimation is higher than that which can be conveniently obtained by means of a liquid bath.
  • the parts are separated from the unentrapped finishing composition by any suitable means such as a vibrating screen 5.
  • the separated parts, containing entrapped chips are then conveyed to a heat chamber 6 maintained at a temperature sufficiently high to cause the material from which the chips are made to melt or sublime.
  • the mixture comprising the finishing composition and parts is then conveyed over a vibrating screen 7 for removing the dislodged chips.
  • the separated parts where necessary, may be transferred to a turnover device 8 for separating chips still remaining in upper cavities, and the separated chips removed over a second vibrating screen 9.
  • FIG. 3 One commonly used type of chip or pellet 1G is illustrated in FIG. 3, and shown imbedded in various cavities of a part in FIG. 4.
  • the part shown in fragmentary crosssectional view comprises a carburetor 11 having openings or cavities 12, 13, and 14, in which are wedged chips 15, 16, and 17.
  • chips such as 16 and 17 are readily dislodged.
  • a turnover device 8 in order to dislodge chips such as contained in upwardly directed cavities, it is usually necessary to subject the part of a turnover device 8 as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the composition of the finishing material may be one of several types.
  • the chips themselves do not contain any abrasive material, but are utilized primarily as a bulking agent, applying a force pressing the abrasive material against the surface of the parts.
  • the abrasive comprises a separate component, generally in finely particulate form.
  • the abrasive material may be dispersed or imbedded within the chips, either uniformly therein or concentrated at the surface, center, or at some other portion thereof.
  • the chips perform a dual function, as a bulking agent and as an abrading agent.
  • the property of the pellet which is taken advantage of according to the present invention is the melting or softening point of the material from which the pellet is produced.
  • the melting point must be lower than that of the material from which the parts are fabricated.
  • a metal such as steel, zinc, copper, brass, or the like
  • many materials having a lower melting point are available.
  • the chips or pellets may be prepared therefrom by any suitable means such as casting, molding, machining, or cutting. The chips may be so utilized in conjunction with a separate abrasive material, generally in finely divided or particulate form.
  • the abrasive material may be dispersed or imbedded in the material or matrix from which the chips are fabricated while the matrix material is maintained in the molten or softened state.
  • the abrasive imbedded material may then be fabricated by any suitable process, for example one of those described above.
  • the finishing material including chips as prepared iri either form described above, are placed together with the parts to be finished in a suitable finishing machine.
  • the temperature of the finishing mixture should preferably be controlled so that the chips do not reach their melting temperature during the finishing process. This is particularly important in the case where ice is used as bodying agent or as matrix for fabricating the chips, and it is in that case preferred that the finishing process be carried out under cooling conditions.
  • the parts are transported into a heating chamber, either in the form of a liquid bath as shown in FIG. 1, or an air-heating chamber as shown in FIG. 2.
  • a heating chamber either in the form of a liquid bath as shown in FIG. 1, or an air-heating chamber as shown in FIG. 2.
  • a water bath maintained at a temperature of about 170 F.-200 F.
  • thermoplastic resins or waxes When thermoplastic resins or waxes are utilized, a somewhat higher temperature may be required and the apparatus of FIG. 2 is more desirable.
  • ice chips When ice chips are utilized, either as bulking agent or as matrix, it is only necessary to immerse the parts containing entrapped ice chips in a water bath maintained at room temperature or in air at room temperature to accomplish a complete separation. Of course, higher temperature water or steam, preferably in jet form, speed up the process considerably. Because of the excellent results and great convenience experienced by employing ice chips either as a matrix or as bulking agent, its employment constitutes a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the chips When frozen carbon dioxide chips are utilized, the chips may be sublimed to a suificient degree merely by exposing the parts to air maintained at room temperature or alternatively by immersing the parts in a water bath which may also be maintained at room temperature. Since the portions of the chips in actual contact with the parts are warmed first, the chips may be released when only a small portion thereof has sublimed.
  • Other gases in solid phase may also be used with the same effect, for example, solid nitrogen.
  • abrasive materials which may be used in particulate form, either as a separate component or imbedded or dispersed in the chips, are emery, carborundum, diamond dust, and many others known in the art.
  • the pellets be composed of such material, i.e., that suflicient of the said material which undergoes the change of state be present in the pellet so that the necessary change in form of the pellet be effected, whether only one or more than one material comprises the pellet.
  • finishing composition comprises a plurality of pellets and an abrasive material, said pellets being comprised of the solid phase of a material which is a gas at room temperature
  • said method comprises applying external cooling. to said parts and finishing composition to maintain said pellets in the solid phase during the finshing process and, after finishing, the further step of subjecting said parts to at least the sublimation temperature of said solid gas, whereby pellets which have become entrapped by said parts during the finishing process are disengaged.
  • finishing composition comprises a plurality of pellets comprising a matrix of the solid phase of a material which is a gas at room temperature and abrasive material dispersed therein
  • said method comprises, after finishing, the further step of subjccting said parts to at least the sublimation temperature of said solid gas but lower than the melting point of said parts, whereby pellets which have become entrapped by said parts during the finishing process are disengaged.
  • finishing composition comprises the solid phase of a material which is a gas at room temperature and an abrasive material
  • said method comprises applying external cooling to said parts and finishing composition to maintain said material in the solid phase during the finishing process and, after finishing, the further step of subjecting said parts to at least the sublimation temperature of said solid material to accom- 10 plish the removal of said material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
US498972A 1965-10-20 1965-10-20 A finishing process employing solid-gas pellets Expired - Lifetime US3422580A (en)

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US49897265A 1965-10-20 1965-10-20

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US3422580A true US3422580A (en) 1969-01-21

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US498972A Expired - Lifetime US3422580A (en) 1965-10-20 1965-10-20 A finishing process employing solid-gas pellets

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US (1) US3422580A (es)
AT (1) AT273716B (es)
BE (1) BE688404A (es)
DE (1) DE1577464B2 (es)
ES (1) ES332303A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1165006A (es)
NL (1) NL6614255A (es)
SE (1) SE376861B (es)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038786A (en) * 1974-09-27 1977-08-02 Lockheed Aircraft Corporation Sandblasting with pellets of material capable of sublimation
US4744181A (en) * 1986-11-17 1988-05-17 Moore David E Particle-blast cleaning apparatus and method
US4947592A (en) * 1988-08-01 1990-08-14 Cold Jet, Inc. Particle blast cleaning apparatus
US5063015A (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-11-05 Cold Jet, Inc. Method for deflashing articles
US5415584A (en) * 1993-09-21 1995-05-16 Tomco2 Equipment Company Particle blast cleaning apparatus
US20040224618A1 (en) * 2000-09-08 2004-11-11 Rivir Michael E. Particle blast apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2625700B1 (fr) * 1988-01-07 1994-07-01 Carboxyque Francaise Procede et installation pour le nettoyage de pieces par vibro-abrasion a l'aide d'abrasif sublimable

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2476540A (en) * 1948-04-20 1949-07-19 Monroe Auto Equipment Co Method of removing flash from molded articles
US3324605A (en) * 1964-06-09 1967-06-13 Lester Castings Inc Tumble-finishing process and media therefor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2476540A (en) * 1948-04-20 1949-07-19 Monroe Auto Equipment Co Method of removing flash from molded articles
US3324605A (en) * 1964-06-09 1967-06-13 Lester Castings Inc Tumble-finishing process and media therefor

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038786A (en) * 1974-09-27 1977-08-02 Lockheed Aircraft Corporation Sandblasting with pellets of material capable of sublimation
US4744181A (en) * 1986-11-17 1988-05-17 Moore David E Particle-blast cleaning apparatus and method
US4947592A (en) * 1988-08-01 1990-08-14 Cold Jet, Inc. Particle blast cleaning apparatus
US5063015A (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-11-05 Cold Jet, Inc. Method for deflashing articles
US5415584A (en) * 1993-09-21 1995-05-16 Tomco2 Equipment Company Particle blast cleaning apparatus
US20040224618A1 (en) * 2000-09-08 2004-11-11 Rivir Michael E. Particle blast apparatus
US7950984B2 (en) 2000-09-08 2011-05-31 Cold Jet, Inc. Particle blast apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1577464A1 (de) 1970-09-17
GB1165006A (en) 1969-09-24
ES332303A1 (es) 1967-07-16
BE688404A (es) 1967-03-31
NL6614255A (es) 1967-04-21
DE1577464B2 (de) 1972-06-22
AT273716B (de) 1969-08-25
SE376861B (es) 1975-06-16

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