US3416273A - Plural-storey prefabricated buildings - Google Patents

Plural-storey prefabricated buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
US3416273A
US3416273A US409528A US40952864A US3416273A US 3416273 A US3416273 A US 3416273A US 409528 A US409528 A US 409528A US 40952864 A US40952864 A US 40952864A US 3416273 A US3416273 A US 3416273A
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Prior art keywords
column
members
storey
building
stiffener
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Expired - Lifetime
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US409528A
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English (en)
Inventor
Stucky Fritz Christoph
Meuli Rudolf
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Elcon AG
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Elcon AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34807—Elements integrated in a skeleton
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A building structure composed of prefabricated building units assembled in at least two storeys and with at least two units included in each storey.
  • Each of the units includes a base or oor member and a pair of vertical end members affixed at oppostite ends of the floor member.
  • the end members include structural column members at each corner of the floor member, an-d in order to provide additional load capacity, particularly for structures having several storeys, vertically continuous stiffener columns located exteriorly of the building units are provided.
  • the building units are stacked vertically so that the column members are vertically aligned, and the column members are formed to provide one or,more vertically continuous recesses which receive formations on the stiffener columns so that the column members and stiffener columns interengage and coact to provide a substantially continuous composite vertical pillar.
  • This invention concerns plural-storey prefabricated buildings (primarily buildings having at least three storeys) wherein each storey is built up of transportable prefabricated room elements mounted side by side with a vertical joint between successive room elements.
  • transportable room element is employed herein to define a transportable cell-like structure having two opposed sides and two opposed ends, a oor, a roof or ceiling, and load-bearing end-wall-forming means, forming or adapted to support an end wall, rigidly connected to the floor at each of said ends, which room element is adapted to be mounted, at one or each of its sides, side-byside with a further such room element in building up one storey building or a storey of a plural-storey building from a succession of such elements;
  • the expression end- Iwall-forming means includes a complete end wall and also includes vertical loading-bearing pillars or columns adapted to have fill-in paneling applied to, or formed integrally with them.
  • the expression fill-in paneling includes a wall, and a door or window.
  • Such room elements form the subject of United States patent applications Ser. No. 218,694, Ser. No. 252,954 and Ser. No. 253,- 343 a-ll abandoned, to which reference may be made as disclosing constructions to which this invention is applicable.
  • building construction employing room elements is that the room elements can be Prefabricated to an almost final state of construction at the factory which therefore reduces to a minimum the amount of work to be carried out at the building site.
  • the elements can be completely finished in the factory, with the electrical, plumbing, and heating installations, glazing, and interior finish applied to them, leaving only the assembly and connection of the services to be carried out at the building site.
  • the present invention is primarily concerned with a method of assembling such room elements where for structural reasons additional stiffness and support is required in the building.
  • Fice 252,954 provides, inter alia, a plural-storey building wherein each storey is built up of prefabricated room elements mounted side-by-side with a vertical joint between successive room elements and each room element has at the joint an integral upright member which cooperates with a like member of the next room element to form a vertical hollow pillar, the room elements of successive storeys being stacked upon each other with the vertical members in vertical alignment so that the hollow pillars extend in vertically continuous manner throughout the height of successive storeys, which continuous pillars have a vertically continuous concrete filling.
  • the advantage of this construction is that the concrete-filled vertically continuous pillars impart a strength and rididity to the ⁇ completed building which is much greater than that which would be imparted to it merely by the separate upright members of the individual room elements.
  • the present invention provides a plural-storey building wherein each storey of a plurality thereof comprises transportable prefabricated room elements as herein defined mounted side-by-side with a vertical joint between successive room elements of the same storey, each of which elements has, at its said joint with the next element two integral upright load-bearing members, one at each end, each of which members is paired with a said member of the next element, and wherein the room elements of successive storeys are stacked upon one another with their said members in vertical alignment, each of which pairs of members in a plurality of successive storeys including the lower storey has a vertical load-bearing stiffener column fixed thereto, said column extending throughout the height of said plurality of successive storeys.
  • the advantage of this construction is that while all the room elements are identical in the construction of their shells the necessary added strength and rigidity required in the completed building can be varied to suit the loads likely to be encountered.
  • the loadbearing members in the lower storey of the building have a much greater load imposed on them than those in ⁇ an upper storey due to vertical loads, weight, and bending forces on the joints due t-o horizontal wind loads, and the necssary strength ⁇ and rigidity to sustain these increased loads can readily be provided by the continuous stiffener columns in conjunction with the pairs -of members to which they 'are fixed.
  • each stilfener column together with the two members to which it is fixed in each of successive storeys including the lower storey or ground storey, conjointly form a unitary load-bearing column or pillar which extends from the ground or foundations upwards and throughout at least the lower storeys of the building.
  • These stiffener columns may extend throughout all the storeys of the building if necessary, but in some cases the top storey or storeys may be sufficiently strong without them.
  • the load-bearing members of each pair may define between them a cavity which extends in vertically continuous manner throughout the height of said successive storeys, which cavity has a vertically continuous concrete filling.
  • the present invention constitutes an improvement in or modification of the invention forming the subject matter of the said copending patent application Ser. No. 252,954.
  • Each stiffener column may be a member or members distinct from the concrete filling and/ or may be integral with the concrete filling.
  • Each stiifener column may form a closure to the cavity.
  • each stiffener col- The two members of each pair thereof may be of complementary sectional shape to define between them the cavity.
  • Each stitfener column' may be permanently fixed to the associated load-bearing members in ⁇ any suitable way, for example it may be fixed by the use of an adhesive or a quick-setting cement which may incorporate an epoxy resin.
  • FIGURE l isa sectional View, to some extent diagrammatic, through three storeys of a plural-storey building taken in a vertical plane intermediate the joint faces between successive room elements;
  • FIGURE 2 is a sectional view, taken in a vertical plane through the continuous columns, showing one construction according to this invention
  • FIGURE 3 is an exploded view of the construction shown in FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURES 4 to 8 and 9 ⁇ and l() are perspective views illustrating other constructions
  • the superimposed room elements each consist of a structural shell which is rectangular in plan, side elevation, and end elevation, and comprises a oor panel 12, end walls 11, and a roof or ceiling 13 which may be .a suspended nonstructural ceiling.
  • the general construction of the room elements may be as descirbed in copending patent application Ser. No. 253,343, that is to say the Hoor 12 is constituted by a rectangular oor panel of reinforced prestressed concrete, to each of the two opposite ends of which there is applied an upstanding reinforced concrete end member 14, the floor panel 12 and end members 14 being initially constructed as separate components but being permanently united by welded or other joints rigidly connecting their reinforcement.
  • each end member 14 may be connected by tension bars or their equivalent ⁇ and the ceiling 13, being a nonstructural ceiling, may be suspended from these tension bars.
  • each end member 14 comprises, at the joint face 26 between each room element and the next, an integral upright column-like member 15 extending for the full height of said element.
  • These members or columns 15 constitute load-bearing end-wall-forming means and are disposed one at each corner of the room element; the lill-in paneling 11a may be formed integral with or applied to these members so as to constitute the end walls 11 and it will be observed that these members 15 project at the outer faces of the end walls.
  • Each stiffener member 16 is desirably permanently fixed throughout its height t-o the associated hollow pillar ⁇ and for this purpose use may be made of an adhesive incorporating an epoxy resin.
  • Each end member 14 conveniently has a horizontal base 17 of reinforced concrete from which the upright columns 15 arise. These columns are connected at their upper ends by a horizontal member 18. All the components 15, 17, 18 of each end member 14 are suitably reinforced.
  • Each end member 14 may be of rectangular frame-like form. It will be understood however that for at least a part of its height one or each of the end members may constitute an end wall or may have an end wall associated with it. For example as shown in FIGURES 2 and 3 there may be a wall panel 19 and a window 20.
  • FIGURE 7 shows a construction in which channelshaped uprights 15a form parts of structural frames pro- ⁇ vided one at each joint face of each room element. They are made of metal, for example of sheet metal. Conjointly they form a hollow box section into which the concrete filling 22 is poured.
  • the concrete stiffener member 16C is of channel section and overlaps the exterior side faces of members 15a so as to protect them against tire.
  • the cavity in the interior of member 16C outside members 15a has a reinforced concrete filling 23 which acts as part of the stiffener.
  • Members 16, 16b, 16C may be secured to members 15 or 15a (as the case may be) in like manner.
  • the columns 15b are substantially of rectangular sectional shape and the two co-operating columns at either side of the joint face 26 extend side by side.
  • Each column is formed with a longitudinal groove or keyway 27 and the stiffener column 16d is provided with co-operating ribs or keys 28, of smaller cross-sectional size than the grooves or keyways 27.
  • the column b of each of the superimposed room elements is provided, at least at one point in its height, with a protruding r'od 29 which is received in a clearance hole 30 in the stiffener column 16d and is secured therein by an adhesive or cement.
  • column 16d When column 16d is offered to columns 15b the ribs 28 enter the cement in the grooves, and some of it may be squeezed outI to spread sideways between the adjacent faces of columns 15b and of columns 16d. Since the column 16d spans the joint 26 and, in each storey, is permanently connected to the columns 15b of the two room elements at opposite sides of that joint by means 29, said column 16d provides a horizontal tie between the two room elements.
  • a suitable quick setting cement comprises an aggregate and a setting adhesive which adhesive may be an epoxy resin such as that made and sold under the name Aderit Special by Firma Meynadier. To form a quick setting cement this resin is mixed with quartz sand as an aggregate in the proportion of one to one by weight.
  • each of at least some of the open-sided room elements has a partition wall extending transversely of the end walls 11 at a location inwards of its open sides, so that the plan form of the rooms into which the storey is subdivided isf-independent of the plan form of the room elements themselves and the size and shape of the rooms in the finished building is not governed solely by the size and shape of the prefabricated cells.
  • a building structure comprising a foundation and a plurality of Prefabricated building units assembled thereon in at least two storeys with at least two building units included in each storey, each of the building units including a rectangular oor member and a pair of vertically extending end wall mem-bers aixed to opposite ends of the rectangular floor member, the improvement comprising a pair of vertical load-bearing column members forming the opposite sides of each end wall member, the column members on the same side of the oor members having side surfaces substantially coplanar with the side of the oor member, at least two buildings units in each storey being disposed in contiguous relation so that the corresponding surfaces of the door members and column members thereof are in continuous substantially abutting engagement, the building units in successive storeys being assembled in vertically superposed relation with the load-bearing column members vertically aligned, and each column member having a rib formation defining a portion of a vertically continuous recess defined conjointly by the column members, and vertically continuous stiifen
  • each column member is made of reinforced concrete.
  • each column member includes a vertically extending metal channel forming the recess thereof.
  • a building structure according to claim 4 wherein the channel-shaped member is made of metal.
  • a building structure according to claim 1 including means for afiixing each load-bearing column member to the abutting vertically continuous stiffener column means.
  • stiffener column means includes a precast reinforced concrete member of generally T-shape in cross-section, the three-leg of: the T being received in the recess.
  • a building structure comprising a foundation and a plurality of prefabricated building units assembled thereon in at least two storeys with at least two building units included in each storey, eac'h of the building units including a rectangular oor member and a pair of vertically extending end wall members affixed to opposite ends of the rectangular floor member, the improvement comprising a pair of vertical load-bearing column members forming the opposite sides of each end wall member, the column members on the same side of the floor mem- -bers having side surfaces substantially coplanar with the side of the floor member, at least two building units in each storey being disposed in contiguousij-relation so that the corresponding surfaces of the oorlmembers and column members ⁇ thereof are in continuous substantially abutting engagement, the building units-in successive storeys being assembled in vertically superposed relation with the load-bearing column members vertically aligned, and each -column member having an outer end surface on the side opposite from the floor member and being formed with a vertical
  • a prefabricated building unit according to claim 9 including at least one rod member projecting horizontally outwardly from the recess of each column member column element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
US409528A 1963-11-09 1964-11-06 Plural-storey prefabricated buildings Expired - Lifetime US3416273A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB44293/63A GB1101385A (en) 1963-11-09 1963-11-09 Improvements in and relating to plural storey prefabricated buildings

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US3416273A true US3416273A (en) 1968-12-17

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US (1) US3416273A (es)
AT (1) AT268609B (es)
DE (1) DE1434624B2 (es)
ES (1) ES305785A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1101385A (es)
LU (1) LU47301A1 (es)
SE (1) SE304372B (es)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3712008A (en) * 1970-10-16 1973-01-23 T Georgiev Modular building construction system
US3750366A (en) * 1971-07-16 1973-08-07 Rich F Housing Corp Building
USRE28367E (en) * 1970-01-19 1975-03-18 Rich) jr
US3902287A (en) * 1972-03-01 1975-09-02 Marcor Housing Systems Inc Dwelling construction system
US3903664A (en) * 1972-10-25 1975-09-09 Joseph Doriel Module unit building structure and method of erecting it
US3975873A (en) * 1972-08-21 1976-08-24 Lely Cornelis V D Prefabricated building sections or room units and methods for their use in erecting buildings
US4019293A (en) * 1975-01-27 1977-04-26 Eduardo Santana Armas Building modules and structure embodying such modules
US4045937A (en) * 1973-06-21 1977-09-06 Credelca A.G. Method of constructing a prefabricated room element and a building of a plurality of said elements
US4413454A (en) * 1980-06-05 1983-11-08 Milh Alfred Henri Prefabricated frame and a multi-storey building including said frame
US4607467A (en) * 1982-04-27 1986-08-26 Roux Paul M M Underground room such as notably a cellar
US5182884A (en) * 1991-04-12 1993-02-02 Tarics Alexander G Integrated building system and method
US11352805B2 (en) * 2020-03-11 2022-06-07 Safe Portal Tech, LLC Safety portal system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1081866B (it) * 1977-03-18 1985-05-21 Caserta Umberto Procedimento per la realizzazione di edifici ad uso abitazione sociale o industriale ed edificio ottenuto con detto procedimento
IT1212378B (it) * 1979-02-05 1989-11-22 Guardiani Eustachio Costruzioni prefabbricate conpannelli-base, vani-casa, vani-scale, tetto-casa, travi e solai
IT201600122318A1 (it) * 2016-12-05 2018-06-05 Studio Mangoni Srl Un sistema per la realizzazione di bagni prefabbricati con struttura in acciaio, anche da montare l'uno su l'altro realizzando una struttura complessiva staticamente efficiente

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2006070A (en) * 1934-01-08 1935-06-25 Stasio Joseph Di Building construction
FR1269080A (fr) * 1959-10-14 1961-08-11 Procédé de construction de bâtiments du type cellulaire, à usages divers, éléments d'habitation pour la mise en oeuvre et bâtiments ainsi obtenus
FR75926E (fr) * 1959-06-20 1961-08-25 Procédé de construction industrielle d'immeubles
FR1280768A (fr) * 1960-11-23 1962-01-08 Procédé pour la construction d'immeubles, éléments pour sa mise en oeuvre et immeubles en résultant
FR1313383A (fr) * 1961-12-28 1962-12-28 Lely Nv C Van Der Bâtiment à au moins un plan d'habitation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2006070A (en) * 1934-01-08 1935-06-25 Stasio Joseph Di Building construction
FR75926E (fr) * 1959-06-20 1961-08-25 Procédé de construction industrielle d'immeubles
FR1269080A (fr) * 1959-10-14 1961-08-11 Procédé de construction de bâtiments du type cellulaire, à usages divers, éléments d'habitation pour la mise en oeuvre et bâtiments ainsi obtenus
FR1280768A (fr) * 1960-11-23 1962-01-08 Procédé pour la construction d'immeubles, éléments pour sa mise en oeuvre et immeubles en résultant
FR1313383A (fr) * 1961-12-28 1962-12-28 Lely Nv C Van Der Bâtiment à au moins un plan d'habitation

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE28367E (en) * 1970-01-19 1975-03-18 Rich) jr
US3712008A (en) * 1970-10-16 1973-01-23 T Georgiev Modular building construction system
US3750366A (en) * 1971-07-16 1973-08-07 Rich F Housing Corp Building
US3902287A (en) * 1972-03-01 1975-09-02 Marcor Housing Systems Inc Dwelling construction system
US3975873A (en) * 1972-08-21 1976-08-24 Lely Cornelis V D Prefabricated building sections or room units and methods for their use in erecting buildings
US3903664A (en) * 1972-10-25 1975-09-09 Joseph Doriel Module unit building structure and method of erecting it
US4045937A (en) * 1973-06-21 1977-09-06 Credelca A.G. Method of constructing a prefabricated room element and a building of a plurality of said elements
US4019293A (en) * 1975-01-27 1977-04-26 Eduardo Santana Armas Building modules and structure embodying such modules
US4413454A (en) * 1980-06-05 1983-11-08 Milh Alfred Henri Prefabricated frame and a multi-storey building including said frame
US4607467A (en) * 1982-04-27 1986-08-26 Roux Paul M M Underground room such as notably a cellar
US5182884A (en) * 1991-04-12 1993-02-02 Tarics Alexander G Integrated building system and method
US11352805B2 (en) * 2020-03-11 2022-06-07 Safe Portal Tech, LLC Safety portal system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1101385A (en) 1968-01-31
SE304372B (es) 1968-09-23
AT268609B (de) 1969-02-25
ES305785A1 (es) 1965-03-16
LU47301A1 (es) 1965-01-07
DE1434624B2 (de) 1975-08-21
DE1434624A1 (de) 1968-11-07

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