US3401491A - Binder of an epoxy resin, polyamide resin and polyester for fibrous abrasive articles - Google Patents

Binder of an epoxy resin, polyamide resin and polyester for fibrous abrasive articles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3401491A
US3401491A US442578A US44257865A US3401491A US 3401491 A US3401491 A US 3401491A US 442578 A US442578 A US 442578A US 44257865 A US44257865 A US 44257865A US 3401491 A US3401491 A US 3401491A
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United States
Prior art keywords
binder
fibers
abrasive
polyester
epoxy resin
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Expired - Lifetime
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US442578A
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English (en)
Inventor
Herbert W Schnabel
Vernon C Sickle
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Armour and Co
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Armour and Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Armour and Co filed Critical Armour and Co
Priority to US442578A priority Critical patent/US3401491A/en
Priority to FR54241A priority patent/FR1471817A/fr
Priority to NO162210A priority patent/NO124522B/no
Priority to SE03714/66A priority patent/SE331194B/xx
Priority to LU50733A priority patent/LU50733A1/xx
Priority to CH415466A priority patent/CH444702A/fr
Priority to FI660746A priority patent/FI49366C/fi
Priority to GB12986/66A priority patent/GB1117427A/en
Priority to GB13368/66A priority patent/GB1123993A/en
Priority to ES0324684A priority patent/ES324684A1/es
Priority to DE19661577565 priority patent/DE1577565A1/de
Priority to NL6603936A priority patent/NL6603936A/xx
Priority to BE678427D priority patent/BE678427A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3401491A publication Critical patent/US3401491A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L17/00—Apparatus or implements used in manual washing or cleaning of crockery, table-ware, cooking-ware or the like
    • A47L17/04—Pan or pot cleaning utensils
    • A47L17/08—Pads; Balls of steel wool, wire, or plastic meshes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/02—Scraping
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/02—Scraping
    • A47L13/06—Scraping with wire brushes or wire meshes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/20—Mops
    • A47L13/22—Mops with liquid-feeding devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/507—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/55—Epoxy resins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/59—Polyamides; Polyimides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/08—Processes in which the treating agent is applied in powder or granular form
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Fibrous abrasive articles formed of a mass of nonwoven fibers, preferably crimped or curled, the fibers being bonded at points where they cross and contact one another by means of a flexible binder which is a combination of an epoxy resin, polyamide and long chain polyester, the binder further serving to bond abrasive grain to the fibers.
  • This invention relates to an abrasive article and more particularly to fibrous abrasive articles and their method of manufacture.
  • coated abrasives have been used for centuries, they have certain drawbacks which drastically limit their usefulness in industrial abrading and polishing techniques. For example, most coated abrasives do not readily conform to the surface-being abraded or polished; especially whose surfaces with sharp or irregular contours. Moreover, the current method of grain coating limits the amount of total grain surface that can be utilized. With the grains imbedded in a continuous adhesive layer, only a portion of each grain is used before the sharp edges are worn away and the product must be discarded. Furthermore, loading and clogging further reduces product efficiency soon after the initial grinding and polishing techniques are started. Also, in some operations, excessive heat weakens the adhesive bond causing unused abrasive grains to shed and fall away.
  • the abrasive minerals themselves do not pose a problem. They can polish any surface, any material, to produce the desired 3,401,491 Patented Sept. 17, 1968 bonded thereto.
  • the early fibrous webs which were impregnated with abrasive grains met with relatively little success, since there was a real difficulty in uniformly dispersing the grain throughout the web. Moreover, grain shedding was still a problem.
  • the softer rubbery-like resins or binder materials 10 increase the tensile strength of the abrasive article, but they do possess several drawbacks.
  • the softer rubbery-like binders tend to smear in use and therefore abrasive articles using the softer binders when used, for example, in the polishing of stainless steel, are ordinarily used in conjunction with such lubricants as water and kerosene, which serve to cool and prevent heat build-up which would tend to further soften the binder and cause smearing.
  • lubricants as water and kerosene
  • a primary object, therefore, of this invention is to provide a fibrous abrasive article having increased tensile strength.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a fibrous abrasive article in which the fibers are united at points of crossing and provided with a continuous resilient film which bonds abrasive particles to the fibers substantially throughout their length.
  • a further object is to provide in combination with a web of non-woven fibers interlaced randomly, a binder which unites abrasive grains to the fibers substantially throughout their length.
  • a still further object is to provide a fibrous abrasive article which will not smear and can be used in the absence of lubricants and is exceptionally resistant to the action of hot solutions of strong detergents and alkali.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an abrasive article embodying my invention
  • FIG. 2 a greatly enlarged and part sectional view of a pair of fibers from the article shown in FIG. 1.
  • the articles shown in FIG. 1 is illustrative of many forms of abrasive articles which may utilize the present invention.
  • the article illustrated is a pad or web formed in circular shape and consisting of a mass of relatively short fibers which are preferably crimped or curled and brought into interlaced non-woven relation, the fibers being united into an integrated pad by the use of a binder material at the points where the fibers are in crossing contact with each other. Bonded to the fibers also by the binder material are abrasive grains, as show-n best in FIG. 2.
  • the finished pad or web shown in FIG. 1 may be used as a floor scrubbing pad, manually or with machines, scouring pad, and for a variety of other purposes. Further, the web material may be formed and used with a backing as belts for the polishing and finishing of metals, wood, plastics, leather and the like.
  • the initial step in the forming of the abrasive article involves the formation of the open web in a layer of the desired thickness.
  • This operation can be accomplished manually, but preferably is carried on mechanically on a garnett machine or other well-known fiber pad forming machine, such as, for example, a Curlator Rand-O-Webber.
  • a garnett machine it is preferred to use a Lapper (manufactured by Procter & Schwartz) in conjunction with the garnett machine to give additional randomness to the non-woven web.
  • the length of the fibers employed should ordinarily be about /2 to 4 inches. We prefer to employ fibers of from 1 to 2 inches.
  • the fibers preferably should have a three-dimentional curvature impressed upon them by curling or crimping which may be accomplished by mechanical means or by chemical curling processes.
  • the crimped or curled surface produces in the final product the necessary loft or openness of the web.
  • a binder which will form a substantially continuous film along the fibers.
  • a binder when sprayed or applied to the web of fibers is found to form a continuous film about the fibers, serving not only to unite the fibers, but to encase them throughout their length.
  • This continuous film of binder about the fibers also provides the means for uniting the abrasive grain about and along the entire length of the fibers so as to form a protective armor or sheath about the fibers.
  • abrasive materials may include all the well known or suitable abrasive materials such as for example, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, garnett, flint, emery, and pumice in varying grit sizes.
  • This protective armor or sheath about the fibers is especially important when natural fibers are used such as hog hair, cattle hair, horse hair and the like. Such natural fibers are not as tough as some of the synthetic fibers such as nylon and Dacron.
  • the binder and abrasive grains may be applied in a number of ways.
  • a binder slurry can be formulated with a dispersion of the abrasive grain in the slurry.
  • the slurry containing the grain can then be applied to the fibrous web, either by spraying, dipping, or roller coating.
  • the grain and binder can be applied in separate operations, the grain being applied by gravity, rolling in, or by electrostatic deposition.
  • a second coating or binder can be applied for better reinforcing, and this also may be accomplished by spraying, roller coating, or dipping.
  • the binder and abrasive-coated fibrous web may be dried and cured at appropriate temperatures depending upon the nature of the binder material employed.
  • the non-woven fibrous web may be sprayed, dipped, or roller coated with binder on one side and abrasive material applied thereto by gravity or electrostatic methods, and the pad may then be turned over and the spraying or other means of application employed to finish the other side, and the abrasive grains then applied. If desired, a top size coat of binder may then be applied to both sides of the abrasive article.
  • the non-woven fibrous web After the non-woven fibrous web has been coated with binder and abrasive material, it may then be processed to cause the binder to bond the fibers together and to firmly unite the grain to the fibers. Temperatures employed in the curing process may be in the range of about 325 to 375 F. for a period up to about ten minutes, depending upon the binder material employed.
  • the binder employed in our invention can be identified as one having a Knoop hardness number of 6 or less, preferably having a Knoop hardness number of about 1 or 2 and even less.
  • This binder is soft and flexible in nature and has sufficient plasticity to enable it to form the continuous film about the fibers, since it is desired that the film extend longitudinally of the fibers for supporting the abrasive particles along their length, particutit larly along the fiber portions which are open and extend between the joints or bonded cross portions of the fibers.
  • This binder material is considerably softer than the binders heretofore used in fibrous abrasive products which are substantially hard and rigid.
  • tensile strength of a fibrous abrasive product prepared according to this invention using the modified epoxy resins as binders has a tensile strength which is at least 50% greater than that obtained with the harder and more rigid binders. Moreover, the life expectancy of abrasive products using these binders is also far greater.
  • modified epoxy resin binders can be described as the combination of an epoxy resin, polyester and polyamide.
  • the epoxy resins employed in the present invention are the reaction product of epichlorohydrin with a dihydric phenol. Because of its ready availability, bisphenol A l bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)dimethylmethane] is preferred. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a caustic such as sodium hydroxide with the epichlorohydrin being employed in excess.
  • the epoxy resins suitable for use in this invention may be characterized as having an epoxide equivalent of from to 200; a viscosity at 25 C. in centipoises of from 3,000 to 20,000; an average molecular weight of about twice the epoxide equivalent and are usually in a liquid condition at room temperature.
  • the polyamide component of the binder can be characterized as the condensation polymer of dimerized (and trimerized) vegetable oils, unsaturated fatty acids, and aryl or alkyl polyamines.
  • the polyamides are amber colored thermoplastic resins with molecular weights ranging from about 3,000 to about 10,000 and melting points ranging up to about C.
  • the polyamides having lower molecular weights, up to about 6,000, and lower melting points are used in this binder.
  • polyamides having higher amine values such as those having amine values ranging from about 290450, with those polyamides having amine values ranging from 350-400 giving excellent results.
  • the polyamides used can be further identified as having a viscosity (Gardner- Holdt) or from about 200-1,000 cps. at 25 C. Versamid 140 (available from General Mills) and D.E.H. 14 (available from Dow Chemical Co.) are two examples of polyamides which perform exceptionally well in the binder composition.
  • the polyamide component serves to cure the epoxy resin and to fiexibilize the resin.
  • the weight ratio of polyamide to epoxy resin in the binder of this invention is ordinarily from about 0.5/1 to about 1/1.
  • the polyesters useful in the binder composition are the long chain polyesters having chain lengths of at least 14 members.
  • the chains may be terminated either with carboxy or alcoholic hydroxyl groups depending on the ratio of reactants employed in the synthesis.
  • Excellent results have been obtained with a polyester identified as PL-S available from General Resin Corporation and comprising the reaction product of approximately 3 mols of phthalic acid, 7 mols of adipic acid and 12 mols of dipropylene glycol.
  • the weight ratio of polyester to epoxy resin is about 0.25/1 to about 1/'1.
  • the epoxy resin, polyamide and polyester are mixed together and thinned with a suitable solvent for ease in applying the binder to the fibrous web.
  • the solvent is volatile; methylene chloride has proved to be an excellent solvent for this purpose.
  • Example I Crimped nylon fibers of lengths of about 1 /2 inches (15 denier) were formed into a web on a Rand-O-Webber machine. The web weighed about 3.0-3.6 ounces and was /1" thick. One side of the web was sprayed with about 15-20 ounces per square yard of a binder slurry and including abrasive grain, the binder having the following composition:
  • Epi-Rez 510-An epoxy resin having a viscosity from 10,000 to 16,000 cps., a specific gravity of 1.15- 1.17 at 25 C., an epoxide equivalent of from 185- 200, being the reaction product of 2 mols of epichlorohydrin with 1 mol of bisphenol A and available from Jones Dabney DEH14A polyamide curing agent and flexibilizer having an amine value of 350-400; a viscosity of 200-600 cps. at 75 C.
  • the cured binder material utilized in this Example III had a Knoop hardness number of approximately 0.67.
  • Example II The abrasive article prepared in Example I was found to give extremely uniform abrasion and finishing. A series of tests were run to study the comparative Wearing qualities of a floor stripping pad produced in accordance with Example I and a pad which is commercially available from the 3M Company under the trademark Scotchbri'te. For identification purposes, the pad produced in accordance with Example I was identified as Sample No. 1, the Scotchbrite pad was identified as Sample No. 2.
  • Example III A series of tests were run to determine by comparative means the tensile strength of an abrasive pad prepared in accordance with the teachings of this invention and a pad commercially available from the 3M Company under the trademark Scotchbrite.
  • One (1) by five (5) inch samples were cut from an abrasive pad made according to Exhibit I and from a pad commercially from the 3M Company under the trademark Scotchbrite.
  • Each of the samples were placed in a Scott Tensile Tester operated at 11 feet per minute with no counterbalance weight. The tensile strength was measured across the width and length of the samples. The following results were obtained.
  • An abrasive article having a web of non-woven fibers interlaced randomly and in crossing contact with each other and a resilient binder material bonding said fibers together at points where they cross and contact one another to form an integrated web, said binder comprising:
  • a polyamide thermoplastic resin having a molecular weight of from 3,000 to 6,000, an amine value 7 of from about 290 to 450, and a viscosity at 25 C. in centipoises of from 200 to 1,000, the weight ratio of said polyamide to said epoxy resin being about /1 to about 1/1;
  • a long chain saturated polyester having chain lengths of at least 14 members, said polyester comprising the reaction of a glycol selected tfrom the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene aglycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and mixtures thereof with a reactant selected from the group consisting of phthalic acid, adipic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride and mixtures thereof, and wherein the ratio of said polyester to said epoxy resin is about .25/1 to about 1/1;
  • abrasive article of claim 1 wherein said resilient binder has a Knoop hardness value of 6 or less and wherein said binder 'forms a substantially continuous film about said fibers and bonding said fibers at points of crossing to form an integrated web.
  • a polyamide thermoplastic resin having a molecular weight of from 3,000 to 6,000, an amine value of from about 350 to 400, and a viscosity at 25 C. in centipoises of from 200 to 600, the weight ratio of said polyamide to said epoxy resin being about 0.5/1 to about 1/1;
  • a long chain saturated polyester having chain lengths of at least 14 members, said polyester comprising the reaction of a glycol selected from the 'group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and mixtures thereof with a reactant selected from the group consisting of phthalic acid, adipic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride and mixtures thereof, and wherein the ratio of said polyester to said epoxy resin is about .75/1 to about 1/1. 4.
  • said fibers are nylon.
US442578A 1965-03-25 1965-03-25 Binder of an epoxy resin, polyamide resin and polyester for fibrous abrasive articles Expired - Lifetime US3401491A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US442578A US3401491A (en) 1965-03-25 1965-03-25 Binder of an epoxy resin, polyamide resin and polyester for fibrous abrasive articles
FR54241A FR1471817A (fr) 1965-03-25 1966-03-21 Article abrasif perfectionné
NO162210A NO124522B (no) 1965-03-25 1966-03-21
SE03714/66A SE331194B (no) 1965-03-25 1966-03-21
LU50733A LU50733A1 (no) 1965-03-25 1966-03-22
FI660746A FI49366C (fi) 1965-03-25 1966-03-23 Hiomisväline.
CH415466A CH444702A (fr) 1965-03-25 1966-03-23 Produit abrasif
GB12986/66A GB1117427A (en) 1965-03-25 1966-03-24 Acid purification process
GB13368/66A GB1123993A (en) 1965-03-25 1966-03-25 Improved abrasive article
ES0324684A ES324684A1 (es) 1965-03-25 1966-03-25 Un metodo para fabricar articulos abrasivos.
DE19661577565 DE1577565A1 (de) 1965-03-25 1966-03-25 Schleifkoerper
NL6603936A NL6603936A (no) 1965-03-25 1966-03-25
BE678427D BE678427A (no) 1965-03-25 1966-03-25

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US442578A US3401491A (en) 1965-03-25 1965-03-25 Binder of an epoxy resin, polyamide resin and polyester for fibrous abrasive articles

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US3401491A true US3401491A (en) 1968-09-17

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US442578A Expired - Lifetime US3401491A (en) 1965-03-25 1965-03-25 Binder of an epoxy resin, polyamide resin and polyester for fibrous abrasive articles

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US (1) US3401491A (no)
BE (1) BE678427A (no)
CH (1) CH444702A (no)
DE (1) DE1577565A1 (no)
ES (1) ES324684A1 (no)
FI (1) FI49366C (no)
GB (1) GB1123993A (no)
LU (1) LU50733A1 (no)
NO (1) NO124522B (no)
SE (1) SE331194B (no)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3577839A (en) * 1968-06-27 1971-05-11 Sherwin Williams Co Brush and brush material
US3597887A (en) * 1970-07-01 1971-08-10 F L & J C Godman Co Resilient abrasion
US4704823A (en) * 1984-08-29 1987-11-10 Acrometal Products, Inc. Abrasive surfacing machine
US5346516A (en) * 1993-09-16 1994-09-13 Tepco, Ltd. Non-woven abrasive material containing hydrogenated vegetable oils
US5551960A (en) * 1993-03-12 1996-09-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Article for polishing stone
US5591239A (en) * 1994-08-30 1997-01-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Nonwoven abrasive article and method of making same
US5849051A (en) * 1997-11-12 1998-12-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive foam article and method of making same
US5863305A (en) * 1996-05-03 1999-01-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for manufacturing abrasive articles
US5868806A (en) * 1993-06-02 1999-02-09 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Abrasive tape and method of producing the same
US5876268A (en) * 1997-01-03 1999-03-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method and article for the production of optical quality surfaces on glass
US5888119A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-03-30 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for providing a clear surface finish on glass
US5910471A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-06-08 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive article for providing a clear surface finish on glass
US6007590A (en) * 1996-05-03 1999-12-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making a foraminous abrasive article
US6017831A (en) * 1996-05-03 2000-01-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Nonwoven abrasive articles
US6231629B1 (en) 1997-03-07 2001-05-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive article for providing a clear surface finish on glass
US6239049B1 (en) 1998-12-22 2001-05-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Aminoplast resin/thermoplastic polyamide presize coatings for abrasive article backings
US6302930B1 (en) 1999-01-15 2001-10-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Durable nonwoven abrasive product
WO2004097095A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2004-11-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Scouring material
US20070026754A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2007-02-01 Carmen Martin Rivera Scouring material
US20100087117A1 (en) * 2008-10-06 2010-04-08 Peyras-Carratte Jeremie Scouring material comprising natural fibres
US20110027564A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2011-02-03 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool having controlled porosity distribution
US20110041413A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2011-02-24 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool having a particular porosity variation
US20130225054A1 (en) * 2010-11-18 2013-08-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Convolute abrasive wheel and method of making
EP2729606A1 (en) * 2011-07-07 2014-05-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Articles including multi-component fibers and particles and methods of making and using the same
US20180326556A1 (en) * 2015-10-28 2018-11-15 VSM Vereinigte Schmirgel-und Maschinen-Fabriken AG Non-woven abrasive article, and method for manufacturing same
US11598031B2 (en) 2011-07-07 2023-03-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Article including multi-component fibers and hollow ceramic microspheres and methods of making and using the same

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Cited By (37)

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US3577839A (en) * 1968-06-27 1971-05-11 Sherwin Williams Co Brush and brush material
US3597887A (en) * 1970-07-01 1971-08-10 F L & J C Godman Co Resilient abrasion
US4704823A (en) * 1984-08-29 1987-11-10 Acrometal Products, Inc. Abrasive surfacing machine
US5551960A (en) * 1993-03-12 1996-09-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Article for polishing stone
US5908476A (en) * 1993-06-02 1999-06-01 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Abrasive tape and method of producing the same
US5868806A (en) * 1993-06-02 1999-02-09 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Abrasive tape and method of producing the same
US5346516A (en) * 1993-09-16 1994-09-13 Tepco, Ltd. Non-woven abrasive material containing hydrogenated vegetable oils
US5591239A (en) * 1994-08-30 1997-01-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Nonwoven abrasive article and method of making same
US5863305A (en) * 1996-05-03 1999-01-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for manufacturing abrasive articles
US6007590A (en) * 1996-05-03 1999-12-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making a foraminous abrasive article
US6017831A (en) * 1996-05-03 2000-01-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Nonwoven abrasive articles
US5876268A (en) * 1997-01-03 1999-03-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method and article for the production of optical quality surfaces on glass
US6155910A (en) * 1997-01-03 2000-12-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Method and article for the production of optical quality surfaces on glass
US5989111A (en) * 1997-01-03 1999-11-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Method and article for the production of optical quality surfaces on glass
US6231629B1 (en) 1997-03-07 2001-05-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive article for providing a clear surface finish on glass
US5910471A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-06-08 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive article for providing a clear surface finish on glass
US6110015A (en) * 1997-03-07 2000-08-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for providing a clear surface finish on glass
US5888119A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-03-30 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for providing a clear surface finish on glass
US5849051A (en) * 1997-11-12 1998-12-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive foam article and method of making same
US6239049B1 (en) 1998-12-22 2001-05-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Aminoplast resin/thermoplastic polyamide presize coatings for abrasive article backings
US6635719B2 (en) 1998-12-22 2003-10-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Aminoplast resin/thermoplastic polyamide presize coatings for abrasive article backings
US6302930B1 (en) 1999-01-15 2001-10-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Durable nonwoven abrasive product
AU2004235289B2 (en) * 2003-04-25 2010-10-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Scouring material
WO2004097095A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2004-11-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Scouring material
US20070026754A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2007-02-01 Carmen Martin Rivera Scouring material
US20100087117A1 (en) * 2008-10-06 2010-04-08 Peyras-Carratte Jeremie Scouring material comprising natural fibres
US8808413B2 (en) * 2009-08-03 2014-08-19 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool having controlled porosity distribution
US20110027564A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2011-02-03 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool having controlled porosity distribution
US20110041413A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2011-02-24 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool having a particular porosity variation
US10195717B2 (en) * 2009-08-03 2019-02-05 Saint-Gobain Abrasives Abrasive tool having a particular porosity variation
US9079294B2 (en) * 2010-11-18 2015-07-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Convolute abrasive wheel and method of making
US20130225054A1 (en) * 2010-11-18 2013-08-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Convolute abrasive wheel and method of making
EP2729606A4 (en) * 2011-07-07 2015-02-18 3M Innovative Properties Co ARTICLES WITH MULTICOMPONENT FIBERS AND PARTICLES AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE
EP2729606A1 (en) * 2011-07-07 2014-05-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Articles including multi-component fibers and particles and methods of making and using the same
US11598031B2 (en) 2011-07-07 2023-03-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Article including multi-component fibers and hollow ceramic microspheres and methods of making and using the same
US20180326556A1 (en) * 2015-10-28 2018-11-15 VSM Vereinigte Schmirgel-und Maschinen-Fabriken AG Non-woven abrasive article, and method for manufacturing same
US10843309B2 (en) * 2015-10-28 2020-11-24 VSM Vereinigte Schmirgel-und Maschinen-Fabriken AG Non-woven abrasive article, and method for manufacturing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1123993A (en) 1968-08-14
LU50733A1 (no) 1966-06-30
FI49366B (no) 1975-02-28
SE331194B (no) 1970-12-14
BE678427A (no) 1966-09-01
CH444702A (fr) 1967-09-30
NO124522B (no) 1972-05-02
DE1577565A1 (de) 1970-03-12
FI49366C (fi) 1975-06-10
ES324684A1 (es) 1967-02-16

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