US3399708A - Parallel flow passage, plate type evaporators - Google Patents

Parallel flow passage, plate type evaporators Download PDF

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Publication number
US3399708A
US3399708A US540879A US54087966A US3399708A US 3399708 A US3399708 A US 3399708A US 540879 A US540879 A US 540879A US 54087966 A US54087966 A US 54087966A US 3399708 A US3399708 A US 3399708A
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United States
Prior art keywords
boiling
passage
passages
plates
falling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US540879A
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English (en)
Inventor
Usher John Dennis
Linsdell Ronald Hugh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SPX Flow Technology Crawley Ltd
Original Assignee
APV Corp Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of US3399708A publication Critical patent/US3399708A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
    • B01D1/221—Composite plate evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators

Definitions

  • PARALLEL FLOW PASSAGE PLATE TYPE EVAPORATORS 3 Sheets-Shed 2 Filed April '7, 1966 J. D. USHER ETAL Sept. 3, 1968
  • PARALLEL FLow PASSAGE PLATE TYPE EvAPoRAToRs 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed April ,7, 196e 3,399,708
  • PARALLEL FLOW PASSAGE PLATE TYPE EVAPORATORS John Dennis Usher, Redhill, and Ronald Hugh Linsdell, Crawley, England, assignors to The A.P.V. Company Limited, Crawley, England, a British company Filed Apr. 7, 1966, Ser. No. 540,879 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Apr. 8, 1965,
  • This invention relates to a plate evaporator in which the plates are arranged in one or more units, each unit providing a parallel llow path for the liquid in process and comprising plates dening alternating liquid boiling passages and steam heating passages. The number of rising boiling passages in a unit exceeds the number of falling boiling passages.
  • This invention relates to plate type evaporators.
  • United Kingdom patent specification 859,876 describes ⁇ an arrangement wherein vertical plates are arranged in units of four to comprise four flow passages, two of which contain the boiling liquid, and the other two the heating medium such as steam.
  • the boiling7 and heating passages alternate and the boiling liquid rises to the top of one passage where it enters the top of the next boiling passage through a transfer duct and falls to the bottom of this passage where it enters the discharge duet.
  • These units of four plates are assembled in parallel in a number to give the required evaporating duty. Boiling actually occurs in the boiling passages between the plates.
  • the discharge duct feeds into a separator.
  • An object of this invention is to avoid the need for recirculation while at the same time retaining adequate liquid flow.
  • the invention accordingly consists in a plate evaporator in which tthe plates are arranged in one or more units in parallel each unit comprising plates defining alternating boiling passages -and heating passages, the boiling passages including two or more rising passages in parallel feeding a transfer port leading to one or more falling boiling passages feeding a discharge duct.
  • the rising boiling passages in a unit may all be one side of the falling boiling passage or they may be divided into two sections, one at each side thereof.
  • the concentration ratio is sulciently high
  • for the liquid ow rate at the top of the rising boiling passages may be insuliicient to avoid burning of the product, and to avoid this the rising boiling passages may be tapered towards their top exit in order to reduce the width of the liquid passage in the direction of flow, thereby ensuring sutlicient liquid flow over the reduced width to avoid burning.
  • the exits of the rising boiling passages would therefore be of reduced width in relation to the entry to the falling boiling passage, but these exits would be staggered in relationship to ⁇ one another so that the entire width of the falling boiling passage would be fed with liquid.
  • rising boiling passages could be of a parallel width and the falling boiling passage could be tapered towards its exit, or both could be tapered according to the degree of concentration required.
  • the falling passage can then -be formed of a parallel section equal in width to the outlet section at the top of the rising passage or it can be tapered down from this width if required to give even greater liquid wetting effect.
  • a further variation relates to the spacing of the plates, which can be adjusted according to the vapour conditions existing within the boiling passages. For instance, the falling boiling passage will be carrying the vapour generated in a number of rising boiling passages and this may result in a high vapour velocity which could give rise to an excessive pressure drop. In such a case the spacing of the plates defining the falling boiling passage could be increased in order to reduce the magnitude of the vapour velocity.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation showing the ow in a single unit of ten plates
  • FIGURE 2 is an exploded view illustrating the ows between the plates themselves
  • FIGURE 3 shows an alternative form of some of the plates of FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 4 shows a further alternative form of the plate of FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 5 shows a still further variation for one of the plates of FIGURE 4.
  • the evaporator comprises a head H which is rigidly secured in a frame (not shown) and a plurality of gasketed plates clamped in the frame between the head and a follower (not shown).
  • the plates are arranged in units of ten in the embodiment illustrated and in FIGURES 1 and 2 the plates S1 to S5 and P1 to P5, of one complete unit, together with the head H and a single plate S1 of the adjacent unit, are illustrated.
  • Alternate plates which carry gaskets to control steam (or vapour from a previous effect) fiow will be called steam plates and are designated by S numbers.
  • the intervening P plates are gasketed to control product flow and will be called product plates.
  • the plates S1 and P5 at the ends of the units will be designated end plates In each of the steam plates the steam tiows from a rectangular steam inlet conduit formed by aligned apertures A in the plates and head, through a serpentine path defined by the gasket and steam spacers to a condensate outlet formed by apertures B.
  • Plates S2 to S5 and P1 to P4 each include an aperture T forming part of a transfer passage extending through but not out of thevunit for passing product and vapour from up product plates P1, P2, P4 and P5 (rising boiling plates) to down product plate P (falling boiling plate).
  • the end plates S1 and P5 do not have apertures T.
  • the product passes up the plate through a reducing width passage from twin product inlet C to the transfer passage.
  • the product and vapour passes down a passage from the transfer passage to a concentrate and vapour outlet conduit D.
  • the yrising boiling passages defined by the up plates P1 and P2 are arranged to discharge into one half of the falling boiling passage in plate P3 whilst those defined the plates P4, and P5 are arranged to discharge into the other half of the falling boiling passage in plate P3, thus giving uniform distribution in the falling section.
  • FIGURE 3 there is shown an alternative arrangement of the up product plates P1', P2', P4 and P5' wherein the transfer passage T is twinned into two parts T1' and T2' so that the falling boiling passage in plate P3 is fed across its whole width from yboth sides.
  • the steam plates must also be modified somewhat as regards the transfer passage.
  • the up plates can have parallel flow .passages and the down plate can be tapered as shown dotted in FIGURE 2 or any combination of tapered or parallel plates can be used according to the material being handled.
  • FIGURE 4 shows plates S1 to S5 with modified faces of product plates P1" to P5".
  • the up plates P1, P2", P4" and P5 are formed with tapered product flow passages leading to a narrow transfer passage T adjacent the centre of the top of the plate pack.
  • the plate P3" has a parallel sided passage the same width as passage T providing communication linking the passage T" and the outlet conduit D.
  • FIGURE 5 shows a further alternative form of plate P5" to replace plate P5".
  • the difference is that the ow passage is tapered from the transfer passage T.
  • the ⁇ example is concerned with the six-fold concentration of orange juice.
  • a one up/one down -plate unit according to the prior art would be capable of concentrating 600 lb./hour to 100 lb./hour of liquid. This flow would probably be insufficient to prevent burning of the plates, as some 250 lb./hour are required as a minimum ow.
  • the plate heating area is increased by a factor 21/2 so that the total liquid feed rate may be increased to 1500 lb./hour and the product feed rate will be 250 lb./ hour. This will ensure an adequate liquid feed rate at all parts of the falling passage without resort to recirculation.
  • a plate evaporator comprising a puck of apertured plates and sandwiched peripheral gaskets defining flow passages therebetween, the apertures being aligned to form ducts through the pack, a first set of apertures defining a heating medium inlet duct, a second set of apertures dening a heating medium discharge duct, a third set of apertures defining a feed inlet duct and a fourth set of apertures defining a concentrate and vapor discharge duct; alternate fiow passages between adjacent plates being for the flow of heating medium, and the intervening pas sages forming boiling passages for the fiow of feed and vapor in heat exchange with the heating medium to boil the feed, said boiling passages being either rising boiling passages or falling boiling passages; the plates in the pack being grouped into a series of units, each unit defining with its gaskets a parallel ow path for the liquid in process between the feed inlet duct and the concentrate and vapor discharge duct through a rising boiling passage, a transfer duct and a falling boiling passage;
  • each falling boiling passage in a unit tapers downwardly towards its outlet to the discharge duct.
  • a .plate evaporator as claimed in claim 4 including one falling boiling passage per unit, the rising boiling passages in a unit being divided into two Sections, one section lying at each side of the said one falling boiling passage, in which the outlets of the rising boiling passages in a unit are staggered in such a manner that the rising -boiling passages in one section feed a transfer duct leading to one transverse duct line near one edge of the falling boiling passage and the rising boiling passages in the other section feed a second transfer duct line near the opposite edge ofthe falling boiling passage.
  • a plate evaporator as claimed in claim 4 including one falling boiling passage per unit, the rising boiling passages in a unit being divided into two sections, one section lying at each side of the said one falling boiling passage, comprising two laterally separate transfer ducts associated with each section. the upper end of the rising boiling passages in each section being staggered to provide 2,334,959 11/1943 Rosenblad 159-13 feed to their respective transfer duct. 2,562,739 7/1951 Risberg 159--28 X 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
US540879A 1965-04-08 1966-04-07 Parallel flow passage, plate type evaporators Expired - Lifetime US3399708A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1501165 1965-04-08

Publications (1)

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US3399708A true US3399708A (en) 1968-09-03

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Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3399708A (de)
BE (1) BE678177A (de)
DE (1) DE1519607B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1084292A (de)
NL (2) NL6604780A (de)
SE (1) SE318858B (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631923A (en) * 1968-06-28 1972-01-04 Hisaka Works Ltd Plate-type condenser having condensed-liquid-collecting means
US3946804A (en) * 1973-11-27 1976-03-30 Grigory Anatolievich Tkach Plate heat exchanger
US3984281A (en) * 1975-01-09 1976-10-05 Henry Balfour & Company Limited Plate type liquid heater and evaporator
US4627890A (en) * 1981-11-24 1986-12-09 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Centrifugal device
US4763488A (en) * 1980-05-26 1988-08-16 University Of Sydney Plate heat exchanger for separating vapor and liquid phases
US4811719A (en) * 1986-09-04 1989-03-14 Ing. Walter Hengst Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuel preheater
US5174370A (en) * 1990-04-17 1992-12-29 Alfa-Laval Thermal Ab Plate evaporator
US5875838A (en) * 1994-12-23 1999-03-02 Btg International Inc. Plate heat exchanger
US20040159424A1 (en) * 2003-02-19 2004-08-19 Modine Manufacturing Co. Three-fluid evaporative heat exchanger
US20100158736A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Chang Cheng Kung Lubricant Circulation System
US20110072837A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asheville) Llc Refrigeration system mounted within a deck
US8925346B2 (en) 2012-02-07 2015-01-06 Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asheville) Llc High performance freezer having cylindrical cabinet
EP2899487A1 (de) * 2014-01-28 2015-07-29 MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG Stapelscheibenwärmeübertrager

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69114510T2 (de) * 1991-06-27 1996-05-09 Hisaka Works Ltd Konzentrator des fallenden filmtyps.
DE102008029096B4 (de) 2008-06-20 2010-04-15 Voith Patent Gmbh Verdampfer für ein Abwärmenutzungssystem
DE102008058210A1 (de) 2008-11-19 2010-05-20 Voith Patent Gmbh Wärmetauscher und Verfahren für dessen Herstellung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1200996A (en) * 1912-10-14 1916-10-10 Techno Chemical Lab Ltd Method of evaporation, &c.
US2334959A (en) * 1939-06-17 1943-11-23 Rosenblads Patenter Ab Evaporating apparatus
US2562739A (en) * 1941-05-31 1951-07-31 Separator Ab Evaporating apparatus
US2764233A (en) * 1950-07-27 1956-09-25 Minute Maid Corp Apparatus for concentrating citrus juices or the like
US2960160A (en) * 1956-03-21 1960-11-15 Apv Co Ltd Evaporators
US3073380A (en) * 1962-03-27 1963-01-15 Parkson Ind Equipment Company Concentration of foaming materials
GB935542A (en) * 1959-01-21 1963-08-28 Einar Henry Palmason Process and apparatus for continuous plate-type evaporation

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1200996A (en) * 1912-10-14 1916-10-10 Techno Chemical Lab Ltd Method of evaporation, &c.
US2334959A (en) * 1939-06-17 1943-11-23 Rosenblads Patenter Ab Evaporating apparatus
US2562739A (en) * 1941-05-31 1951-07-31 Separator Ab Evaporating apparatus
US2764233A (en) * 1950-07-27 1956-09-25 Minute Maid Corp Apparatus for concentrating citrus juices or the like
US2960160A (en) * 1956-03-21 1960-11-15 Apv Co Ltd Evaporators
US3155565A (en) * 1956-03-21 1964-11-03 Apv Co Ltd Flat film evaporation liquid concentration method
GB935542A (en) * 1959-01-21 1963-08-28 Einar Henry Palmason Process and apparatus for continuous plate-type evaporation
US3073380A (en) * 1962-03-27 1963-01-15 Parkson Ind Equipment Company Concentration of foaming materials

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631923A (en) * 1968-06-28 1972-01-04 Hisaka Works Ltd Plate-type condenser having condensed-liquid-collecting means
US3946804A (en) * 1973-11-27 1976-03-30 Grigory Anatolievich Tkach Plate heat exchanger
US3984281A (en) * 1975-01-09 1976-10-05 Henry Balfour & Company Limited Plate type liquid heater and evaporator
US4763488A (en) * 1980-05-26 1988-08-16 University Of Sydney Plate heat exchanger for separating vapor and liquid phases
US4627890A (en) * 1981-11-24 1986-12-09 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Centrifugal device
US4811719A (en) * 1986-09-04 1989-03-14 Ing. Walter Hengst Gmbh & Co. Kg Fuel preheater
US5174370A (en) * 1990-04-17 1992-12-29 Alfa-Laval Thermal Ab Plate evaporator
US6032470A (en) * 1994-12-23 2000-03-07 Btg International Inc. Plate heat exchanger
US5875838A (en) * 1994-12-23 1999-03-02 Btg International Inc. Plate heat exchanger
US20040159424A1 (en) * 2003-02-19 2004-08-19 Modine Manufacturing Co. Three-fluid evaporative heat exchanger
US6948559B2 (en) * 2003-02-19 2005-09-27 Modine Manufacturing Company Three-fluid evaporative heat exchanger
JP2006514411A (ja) * 2003-02-19 2006-04-27 モーディーン・マニュファクチャリング・カンパニー 三流体蒸発熱交換器
US20100158736A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Chang Cheng Kung Lubricant Circulation System
US8196708B2 (en) * 2008-12-23 2012-06-12 Chang Cheng Kung Lubricant circulation system
US20110072837A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asheville) Llc Refrigeration system mounted within a deck
US8011201B2 (en) 2009-09-30 2011-09-06 Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asheville) Llc Refrigeration system mounted within a deck
WO2011041392A3 (en) * 2009-09-30 2012-07-05 Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asheville) Llc Cascade refrigeration system mounted within a deck
US8925346B2 (en) 2012-02-07 2015-01-06 Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asheville) Llc High performance freezer having cylindrical cabinet
EP2899487A1 (de) * 2014-01-28 2015-07-29 MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG Stapelscheibenwärmeübertrager

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL125884C (de)
SE318858B (de) 1969-12-22
DE1519607B1 (de) 1970-07-30
GB1084292A (en) 1967-09-20
NL6604780A (de) 1966-10-10
BE678177A (de) 1966-09-01

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