US3398233A - Electrical conductor of fibers embedded in an insulator - Google Patents

Electrical conductor of fibers embedded in an insulator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3398233A
US3398233A US449626A US44962665A US3398233A US 3398233 A US3398233 A US 3398233A US 449626 A US449626 A US 449626A US 44962665 A US44962665 A US 44962665A US 3398233 A US3398233 A US 3398233A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
electrical
embedded
rubber
electroconductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US449626A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lizasoain Gabriel V De
Richard E Martin
Hernan I Otano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DENNIS G WYMAN
EDWARD A JOHNSTON
LE ROY LE MASTER
RICHARD L TOWNSHEND
ROSS Z PIERPONT
WORTH ROWLEY
Original Assignee
DENNIS G WYMAN
EDWARD A JOHNSTON
LE ROY LE MASTER
RICHARD L TOWNSHEND
ROSS Z PIERPONT
WORTH ROWLEY
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DENNIS G WYMAN, EDWARD A JOHNSTON, LE ROY LE MASTER, RICHARD L TOWNSHEND, ROSS Z PIERPONT, WORTH ROWLEY filed Critical DENNIS G WYMAN
Priority to US449626A priority Critical patent/US3398233A/en
Priority to CH508766A priority patent/CH462931A/fr
Priority to NL6604820A priority patent/NL6604820A/xx
Priority to BE679434D priority patent/BE679434A/xx
Priority to GB16372/66A priority patent/GB1106316A/en
Priority to ES0325697A priority patent/ES325697A1/es
Priority to DE19661640808 priority patent/DE1640808B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3398233A publication Critical patent/US3398233A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/10—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the art of electrical conductors; and deals principally with the class of conductors constituted of electroconductive material embedded in a supporting body of a polymer of the group comprising rubber, elastomers, and flexible or pliable plastics;
  • rubber means natural, reclaimed, cured, vulcanized, or synthetic rubber, or mixtures and compounds thereof; and elastomer means any substance or material having properties similar to any of said rubbers and endowed with the property of what is commonly known as elastic memory. They are resilient, flexible, and elastic.
  • conductive rubbers are supporting bodies of rubber or dielectric elastomer having embedded therein discrete, minute particles, generally in powder form, of metal or other common electroconductive substances dispersed uniformly throughout the mass of the supporting body in electrical contact.
  • electroconductive particles When such bodies are distorted from their original state under compression the electroconductive particles are pressed together in closer contact, which increases conductivity and lowers resistance in conformance with the applied distorting force.
  • the conductive particles Conversely, when they are distorted under tension, as by stretching, the conductive particles tend to move apart and thereby to lower conductivity and increase resistance in conformance with the applied distorting force.
  • the present invention provides an electrical element 3,398,233 Patented Aug. 20, 1968 ice which has the property of increasing its electroc-onductivity in conformance with the magnitude of an externally applied force regardless of whether it be of compression or expansion.
  • the element is particularly useful in this respect in the fields of antennas, transducers, amplifiers, variable capacitors, and variable resistors.
  • the invention also provides an electroconductive plastic material that is flexible, moldable, and capable of esay shaping for conformity with surface characteristics of a support to which it may be applied.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of an electroconducitve body possessing the proterty commonly known as elastic memory, and capable of easy cutting into strips or other shapes having uniform thickness, density, and electrical conductivity, and which are of selfsealing, permeable material for line tapping and for passage therethrough of solid conductor leads and connectors.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of an electrical element comprising a body of dielectric plastic material having embedded therein a body of uniform density constituted of fibers or filaments of electroconductive material in continuous surface contact, with the plastic material filling completely all spaces between the fibers or filaments in contact therewith and free from adhesion thereto.
  • Still another object of the invention is the provision of an electrical element as described in the preceding paragraph in which the plastic material has the property commonly known as electric memory and in which the fibers or filaments are free to move individually within and relative to the plastic material in conformity with its movements.
  • a still further object of the invention is the provision of an electrical conductor constituted principally of metal wool embedded in a supporting body of polymeric material from the group consisting of rubbers, elastomers, and flexible or moldable plastics.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of a method of making the electrical elements above described.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of an electrical element embodying our invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 2-2 of FIG. 1, with the plastic supporting body removed.
  • Packing and sealing gaskets made of metal wool in a binder of rubber are known; and it is known to encase pads of metal wool in room-temperature cured silicone rubber to provide heat conductive shock and vibration damper material; but so far as we are aware, prior to the advent of the present invention the art has not produced an electrical conductor made of metal wool, or other matted electroconductive fibers, completely embedded in an insulating body of rubber, polymeric elastomer, or flexible pliable plastics.
  • metal fibers encased in rubber or polymeric elastomer no problem of electrical behavior or conductivity is involved in their use.
  • the metal fibers are either a mass of metal shavings salvaged in metal cutting and turning operations and thus coated and fouled with oil and dirt, or they are the commercially produced material commonly known as metal wool. In either case, the product is, for reasons heretofore stated, incapable of accomplishing the purposes of this invention.
  • a mass of matted fibers of commercial metal wool, or other electroconductive fibers, felted into a body of uniform density and completely embedded in a supporting body of dielectric plastic polymeric material from the group consisting of rubbers, elastomers, and flexible plastics, and which is free from adherence to the fibers, provides an electrical element having the properties of flexibility, and/ or elastic memory and which is superior in performance to electrical elements made of material commonly known as conductive rubber. It is capable of a wide variety of uses for which conductive rubbers arenot suitable.
  • EXAMPLE I A desired quantity of uncured gum stock silicone rubber is milled with added conventional plasticizing and vulcanizing agents to form a soft and slightly sticky sheet of from about to A; inch thickness.
  • a piece of desired size is cut from the uncured gum stock rubber sheet and a similar piece is cut from the metal wool'layer.
  • the piece of rubber is spread upon a non-adhesive backing film of flexible plastic and covered with the prepared layer of metal wool.
  • a second nonadhesive plastic film then is laid over the layer of metal wool and by light pressure on the film the layer of wool is embedded slightly into the underlying rubber.
  • the press film then is removed and is replaced by a second piece of the rubber entirely covering the exposed face of the metal wool layer.
  • the removed press film or another piece of similar film is then laid over the top of the upper piece of rubber and pressure is applied by a roller, whereby the layer of wool is completely embedded in the mass of rubber comprising the top and bottom sheets.
  • the rolling motion should have a single basic direction and start from the center of the piece toward its extremities.
  • the pressure need not be extreme but should be constant and generally equal.
  • the laminate may be worked by milling between opposed presser rolls, each pass being under increased pressure and reversed in direction.
  • the preform of rubber and embedded metal wool formed as above described is then molded in a compression molding press under a pressure of at least 40 p.s.i. and cured at an elevated temperature suflicient to melt the rubber and destroy its property of adhesion, thereby ifreeing it from adhesion to the fibers of the Wool.
  • the curing cycle for a sheet of 9& inch thickness was twenty minutes at 250 F.
  • EXAMPLE II In this example a mass of metallic wool or other electroconductive fibers is prepared as described in Example I, after which it is treated as by spraying, dipping, or in any suitable manner to deposit on the fibers a coating of a nonadhesive release agent such as, for example, silicone grease, wax, soap, or any material that will prevent adhesion of the polymeric body material to the fibers when they are embedded therein. When the fibers are so coated they are embedded in the supporting body material in the manner described in Example I.
  • a nonadhesive release agent such as, for example, silicone grease, wax, soap, or any material that will prevent adhesion of the polymeric body material to the fibers when they are embedded therein.
  • the polymeric body material may be any polymer from the group consisting of rubbers, elastomers, and flexible plastics, and the preform is shaped and cured as in Example I, it being understood that the time and temperature will depend upon the composition of the body material and the thickness of the product.
  • Some examples of flexible plastics are polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene. Pliable silicone putty and conventional putties.
  • EXAMPLE III A mass of metal wool or other electroconductive fibers is prepared as in Example I and placed in a compression mold that has been treated with a release agent. The fiber mass is so placed that it completely fills the mold and will under mild constricting compression be homogeneously distributed, maintaining suflicient points of fiber contact and electrical continuity.
  • the mix is poured uniformly over the fiber mass in the mold, or entered in the mold in any other manner sufficient to insure that it fills the interstices of the fibers.
  • the polymer mixture may first be poured in the mold and the fiber mass added.
  • the mold After filling, the mold is capped and its contents are cured in a manner appropriate to the nature of the polymeric material employed. In this process the polymeric mass is foamed into the fiber body under internal pressure in the mold.
  • the fibers In the polymeric material is of such nature that it would, after curing, adhere to the embedded fibers, the fibers must be coated with a release agent before embedding as in Example II.
  • EXAMPLE IV A mass of metal wool or other electroconductive fibers is kneaded or otherwise worked uniformly into a body of a putty-like, polymeric material, preferably silicone putty, in such manner that the fibers are distributed homogeneously and in continuity of electrical contact therein.
  • the present invention is a discovery that matted electroconductive fibers of extremely small cross section, and particularly commercial metal wool, if worked to a body of uniform density and embedded in a supporting mass of dielectric plastic material having properties of flexibility, and/ or elastic memory, and free from adhesion to the fibers when cured, produces an electrical element that functions in an unobvious and unexpected manner to pnovide an electrical conductor of (far less cost and far greater efficiency than insulated single or multiple strand wire conductors, wire mesh, and metal strip conductors of comparable cross section in conventional use.
  • electroconductive fibers of commercial metal wool are preferred, the invention is not restricted thereto.
  • the fibers need not necessarily be metal. Essential requirements are that they be electroconductive, flexible, light in weight, very small in cross section, and not insulated. Furthermore, it is within the purview of the invention, and intended, that where conditions of use so require the material of the supporting body in which the fibers are embedded may be of thermosetting plastic.
  • An important aspect of the invention is the fact that the nature of the material constituting the supporting body, and also of any release agent that may be used, is such that it is readily displaceable by the fibers when moving into or at their points of surface contact, and will after such displacement immediately return to complete coverage of all surfaces of the fibers not actually in electrical contact resulting from such movement.
  • the external surface of the element may be coated or otherwise covered with insulating material (not shown) where desired.
  • An electrical element comprising a homogeneous filamentary structure of uniform density constituted of matted fibers of electroconductive material, said filamentary structure embedded in a supporting body of dielectric plastic, said plastic completely filling all spaces between the fibers and covering the fibers free from adherence thereto.
  • said fibers being metal wool
  • said plastic being a polymer from the group consisting of rubbers and elastomers, and flexible plastics.
  • An electrical element comprising a mass of metal W001 of uniform density, said metal wool embedded in a supporting body of silicone rubber, the silicone rubber completely filling all spaces between the fibers of the wool in surface contact with the fibers and free from adherence thereto.
  • An electrical element comprising a mass of uniform density constituted of matted fibers of electroconductive material, said fibers embedded in a supporting body of dielectric plastic completely filling all spaces between the fibers and normally adhesive with respect thereto, and said fibers having a coating of a material preventing adhesion between the fibers and the plastic.
  • An electrical element comprising a homogeneous filamentary structure constituted of matted fibers of metal wool in continuous electrical contact, the filamentary structure having a uniform density such that no area thereof encompassed by a circle of substantially onesixteenth inch in diameter is lacking in fibers, said filamentary structure being completely embedded in a supporting body of polymeric plastic material, said body material completely filling all spaces between the fibers and being 'free from adhesion thereto, whereby the fibers are free to move individually while maintaining electrical contact within and relative to the body material and to each other under the influence of and in conformance with distorting movements of the body material.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
US449626A 1965-04-20 1965-04-20 Electrical conductor of fibers embedded in an insulator Expired - Lifetime US3398233A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US449626A US3398233A (en) 1965-04-20 1965-04-20 Electrical conductor of fibers embedded in an insulator
CH508766A CH462931A (fr) 1965-04-20 1966-04-07 Elément à résistance électrique variable, et procédé pour sa fabrication
NL6604820A NL6604820A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-04-20 1966-04-12
BE679434D BE679434A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-04-20 1966-04-13
GB16372/66A GB1106316A (en) 1965-04-20 1966-04-14 Electrical conductors
ES0325697A ES325697A1 (es) 1965-04-20 1966-04-19 Un elemento electrico.
DE19661640808 DE1640808B1 (de) 1965-04-20 1966-04-19 Elektrischer Leiter und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US449626A US3398233A (en) 1965-04-20 1965-04-20 Electrical conductor of fibers embedded in an insulator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3398233A true US3398233A (en) 1968-08-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US449626A Expired - Lifetime US3398233A (en) 1965-04-20 1965-04-20 Electrical conductor of fibers embedded in an insulator

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3398233A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE679434A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH462931A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1640808B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES325697A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1106316A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6604820A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3676815A (en) * 1969-07-28 1972-07-11 Essex International Inc Thermally sensitive controls for electric circuits
US3678435A (en) * 1970-11-09 1972-07-18 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Electrical resistor
US3859506A (en) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-07 Sola Basic Ind Inc Constant wattage heating element
US3900654A (en) * 1971-07-15 1975-08-19 Du Pont Composite polymeric electric heating element
DE2729150A1 (de) * 1976-07-01 1978-01-12 Antonio Nicholas F D Wandler
US4088133A (en) * 1976-09-13 1978-05-09 Products International Company Electrode for electrosurgical procedure
US4118092A (en) * 1976-06-14 1978-10-03 Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. Interconnectors
US4155896A (en) * 1977-07-27 1979-05-22 Rockwell International Corporation Organic coatings and paints having unique electrical properties
US4203088A (en) * 1977-12-15 1980-05-13 Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive multiple resistor elements
EP0090151A1 (en) * 1982-03-16 1983-10-05 American Cyanamid Company Compositions convertible to reinforced conductive components and articles incorporating same
US4609586A (en) * 1984-08-02 1986-09-02 The Boeing Company Thermally conductive printed wiring board laminate
US4715235A (en) * 1985-03-04 1987-12-29 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Deformation sensitive electroconductive knitted or woven fabric and deformation sensitive electroconductive device comprising the same
DE3733460A1 (de) * 1987-09-30 1989-04-20 Electronic Werke Deutschland Einrichtung zur statischen entladung eines leitenden teils in einem elektrischen geraet
US6048919A (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-04-11 Chip Coolers, Inc. Thermally conductive composite material
US20020025998A1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2002-02-28 Mccullough Kevin A Thermally conductive and high strength injection moldable composition
US6452479B1 (en) * 1999-05-20 2002-09-17 Eleksen Limited Detector contructed from fabric
US20030056938A1 (en) * 2000-02-01 2003-03-27 Mccullough Kevin A. Heat sink assembly with overmolded carbon matrix
US6620497B2 (en) 2000-01-11 2003-09-16 Cool Options, Inc. Polymer composition with boron nitride coated carbon flakes
US20040104502A1 (en) * 2000-01-11 2004-06-03 Cool Options, Inc. Method of forming a thermally conductive article using metal injection molding material with high and low aspect ratio filler
US20060201701A1 (en) * 2003-10-24 2006-09-14 Ronan Coleman Circuit security
US20090065299A1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2009-03-12 Sting Free Technologies Company Sound dissipating material
US20090075026A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2009-03-19 Vito Robert A Vibration dampening material and uses for same
US20090179361A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2009-07-16 Vito Robert A Vibration dampening material and method of making same
US20100024437A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-04 Norbert Elsner High temperature compact thermoelectric module with gapless eggcrate
US20100105992A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 The Ritsumeikan Trust Pressure-sensitive conductive yarn and biological information-measuring garment
US20100229911A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-09-16 Hi-Z Technology Inc. High temperature, high efficiency thermoelectric module
US20100328113A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-12-30 Hypercom Corporation Keypad membrane security
CN102176341A (zh) * 2010-12-28 2011-09-07 东莞万德电子制品有限公司 一种导电橡胶及其应用
WO2015188117A1 (en) * 2014-06-06 2015-12-10 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Stretchable conductive composites for use in soft devices
US20190219460A1 (en) * 2016-06-30 2019-07-18 Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. Pressure sensor and pressure sensing device comprising same
CN111825938A (zh) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-27 四川大学 纤维嵌入制备具有密实隔离结构的高导热高分子复合材料
US12108818B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2024-10-08 Matscitechno Licensing Company Apparatuses, systems and methods for equipment for protecting the human body by absorbing and dissipating forces imparted to the body
US12250980B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2025-03-18 Matscitechno Licensing Company Apparatuses, systems and methods for equipment for protecting the human body by absorbing and dissipating forces imparted to the body

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US3061888A (en) * 1959-12-28 1962-11-06 Ambrose E Wadham Method of manufacturing a reinforced plastic article
US3121131A (en) * 1961-05-26 1964-02-11 Leyman Corp Method of improving the elasticity of rubber bonded magnets
US3240848A (en) * 1961-07-11 1966-03-15 Gen Electric Canada Method of making encapsulated transformers containing a dielectric gas

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GB343468A (en) * 1929-10-25 1931-02-18 Siemens Planiawerke Ag A method for connecting current carrying parts together
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Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3061888A (en) * 1959-12-28 1962-11-06 Ambrose E Wadham Method of manufacturing a reinforced plastic article
US3121131A (en) * 1961-05-26 1964-02-11 Leyman Corp Method of improving the elasticity of rubber bonded magnets
US3240848A (en) * 1961-07-11 1966-03-15 Gen Electric Canada Method of making encapsulated transformers containing a dielectric gas

Cited By (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3676815A (en) * 1969-07-28 1972-07-11 Essex International Inc Thermally sensitive controls for electric circuits
US3678435A (en) * 1970-11-09 1972-07-18 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Electrical resistor
US3900654A (en) * 1971-07-15 1975-08-19 Du Pont Composite polymeric electric heating element
US3859506A (en) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-07 Sola Basic Ind Inc Constant wattage heating element
US4118092A (en) * 1976-06-14 1978-10-03 Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. Interconnectors
DE2729150A1 (de) * 1976-07-01 1978-01-12 Antonio Nicholas F D Wandler
US4088133A (en) * 1976-09-13 1978-05-09 Products International Company Electrode for electrosurgical procedure
US4155896A (en) * 1977-07-27 1979-05-22 Rockwell International Corporation Organic coatings and paints having unique electrical properties
US4203088A (en) * 1977-12-15 1980-05-13 Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. Pressure-sensitive multiple resistor elements
US4210895A (en) * 1977-12-15 1980-07-01 Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. Pressure sensitive resistor elements
EP0090151A1 (en) * 1982-03-16 1983-10-05 American Cyanamid Company Compositions convertible to reinforced conductive components and articles incorporating same
US4609586A (en) * 1984-08-02 1986-09-02 The Boeing Company Thermally conductive printed wiring board laminate
US4715235A (en) * 1985-03-04 1987-12-29 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Deformation sensitive electroconductive knitted or woven fabric and deformation sensitive electroconductive device comprising the same
DE3733460A1 (de) * 1987-09-30 1989-04-20 Electronic Werke Deutschland Einrichtung zur statischen entladung eines leitenden teils in einem elektrischen geraet
US6048919A (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-04-11 Chip Coolers, Inc. Thermally conductive composite material
US6251978B1 (en) 1999-01-29 2001-06-26 Chip Coolers, Inc. Conductive composite material
US6452479B1 (en) * 1999-05-20 2002-09-17 Eleksen Limited Detector contructed from fabric
US6714117B2 (en) 1999-05-20 2004-03-30 Eleksen Limited Detector constructed from fabric
US6620497B2 (en) 2000-01-11 2003-09-16 Cool Options, Inc. Polymer composition with boron nitride coated carbon flakes
US20040104502A1 (en) * 2000-01-11 2004-06-03 Cool Options, Inc. Method of forming a thermally conductive article using metal injection molding material with high and low aspect ratio filler
US7311140B2 (en) 2000-02-01 2007-12-25 Cool Options, Inc. Heat sink assembly with overmolded carbon matrix
US20030056938A1 (en) * 2000-02-01 2003-03-27 Mccullough Kevin A. Heat sink assembly with overmolded carbon matrix
US6680015B2 (en) 2000-02-01 2004-01-20 Cool Options, Inc. Method of manufacturing a heat sink assembly with overmolded carbon matrix
US20040106702A1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2004-06-03 Cool Options, Inc. Method of forming a highly thermally conductive and high strength article
US20020025998A1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2002-02-28 Mccullough Kevin A Thermally conductive and high strength injection moldable composition
US6835347B2 (en) 2000-07-13 2004-12-28 Cool Options, Inc. Method of forming a highly thermally conductive and high strength article
US6710109B2 (en) 2000-07-13 2004-03-23 Cool Options, Inc. A New Hampshire Corp. Thermally conductive and high strength injection moldable composition
US8297601B2 (en) * 2001-08-27 2012-10-30 Matscitechno Licensing Company Vibration dampening material and method of making same
US20090075026A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2009-03-19 Vito Robert A Vibration dampening material and uses for same
US20090179361A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2009-07-16 Vito Robert A Vibration dampening material and method of making same
US8545966B2 (en) 2001-08-27 2013-10-01 Matscitechno Licensing Company Vibration dampening material and uses for same
US20060201701A1 (en) * 2003-10-24 2006-09-14 Ronan Coleman Circuit security
US8413262B2 (en) 2004-05-28 2013-04-09 Matscitechno Licensing Company Sound dissipating material
US20090065299A1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2009-03-12 Sting Free Technologies Company Sound dissipating material
US20100024437A1 (en) * 2008-07-29 2010-02-04 Norbert Elsner High temperature compact thermoelectric module with gapless eggcrate
US20100105992A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 The Ritsumeikan Trust Pressure-sensitive conductive yarn and biological information-measuring garment
US20100229911A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-09-16 Hi-Z Technology Inc. High temperature, high efficiency thermoelectric module
US8432300B2 (en) 2009-03-26 2013-04-30 Hypercom Corporation Keypad membrane security
US20100328113A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-12-30 Hypercom Corporation Keypad membrane security
CN102176341A (zh) * 2010-12-28 2011-09-07 东莞万德电子制品有限公司 一种导电橡胶及其应用
CN102176341B (zh) * 2010-12-28 2013-07-10 东莞万德电子制品有限公司 一种导电橡胶及其应用
WO2015188117A1 (en) * 2014-06-06 2015-12-10 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Stretchable conductive composites for use in soft devices
US10418145B2 (en) 2014-06-06 2019-09-17 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Stretchable conductive composites for use in soft devices
US12108818B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2024-10-08 Matscitechno Licensing Company Apparatuses, systems and methods for equipment for protecting the human body by absorbing and dissipating forces imparted to the body
US12250980B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2025-03-18 Matscitechno Licensing Company Apparatuses, systems and methods for equipment for protecting the human body by absorbing and dissipating forces imparted to the body
US12274318B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2025-04-15 Matscitechno Licensing Company Apparatuses, systems and methods for equipment for protecting the human body by absorbing and dissipating forces imparted to the body
US20190219460A1 (en) * 2016-06-30 2019-07-18 Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. Pressure sensor and pressure sensing device comprising same
US11029222B2 (en) * 2016-06-30 2021-06-08 Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. Pressure sensor having conductive material extending between non-porous and porous regions and pressure sensing device comprising same
CN111825938A (zh) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-27 四川大学 纤维嵌入制备具有密实隔离结构的高导热高分子复合材料
CN111825938B (zh) * 2019-04-18 2021-09-24 四川大学 纤维嵌入制备具有密实隔离结构的高导热高分子复合材料

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DE1640808B1 (de) 1970-06-18
ES325697A1 (es) 1967-06-16
NL6604820A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-10-21
BE679434A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-09-16
GB1106316A (en) 1968-03-13
CH462931A (fr) 1968-09-30

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