US3392888A - Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle - Google Patents

Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3392888A
US3392888A US544610A US54461066A US3392888A US 3392888 A US3392888 A US 3392888A US 544610 A US544610 A US 544610A US 54461066 A US54461066 A US 54461066A US 3392888 A US3392888 A US 3392888A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
molten metal
refractory
metal
tundish
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US544610A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jr John B Cahoon
Weldon J Gardner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vesuvius Crucible Co
Original Assignee
Vesuvius Crucible Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vesuvius Crucible Co filed Critical Vesuvius Crucible Co
Priority to US544610A priority Critical patent/US3392888A/en
Priority to GB32676/66A priority patent/GB1130054A/en
Priority to DEV31609A priority patent/DE1290674B/de
Priority to AT741766A priority patent/AT267095B/de
Priority to BE685167D priority patent/BE685167A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3392888A publication Critical patent/US3392888A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B22D41/60—Pouring-nozzles with heating or cooling means

Definitions

  • a nozzle for pouring molten metal comprising a refractory element having a bore through which molten metal is adapted to flow and means disposed about and outside of the refractory element comprising exothermic material rendered active to emit heat by the heat of molten metal flowing through the bore whereby to reduce the thermal loss outwardly from the refractory element and thereby minimize freezing of metal in the bore.
  • the means disposed about the refractory element may be in the form of a sleeve applied to the exterior of the refractory element.
  • the sleeve may be in sections appliable laterally to the refractory element with means joining the sections.
  • the exothermic material may comprise a mixture of refractory material, oxidizable metal in a state of subdivision and oxidizing agent.
  • the refractory material may be fire clay and the oxidizable metal may be aluminum.
  • the oxidizing agent may be present in an amount less than stoichiometric for the oxidation of the oxidizable metal, the nature and relative quantities of the exothermically reacting ingredients being such as to produce a temperature of at least about 1000 C.
  • the refractory element may be surrounded by a layer of exothermic refractory material with a layer of insulating material thereabout.
  • a metal sheath may be disposed about the layer of insulating material.
  • the means disposed about the refractory element may extend beyond the outflow end of the refractory element.
  • the nozzle may be in a tundish or in a bottom pour ladle.
  • the tundish or ladle may comprise a container lined with refractory material having an opening through its bottom and a nozzle for pouring molten metal therefrom mounted in the opening.
  • This invention relates to an exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle.
  • the nozzle may be employed in any system in which molten metal is to be delivered in a controlled stream by pouring or teeming.
  • the nozzle may be employed in a tundish use-d in continuous casting or in a bottom pour ladle employed for teeming molten metal into ingot molds.
  • Our nozzle comprises a refractory element having a bore through which molten metal is adapted to flow together with means disposed about the refractory element com- 3,392,888 Patented July 16, 1968 prising exothermic material rendered active to emit heat by the heat of molten metal flowing through the bore whereby to reduce the thermal loss outwardly from the refractory element and thereby minimize freezing of metal in the bore.
  • the means disposed about the refractory element are preferably in the form of a sleeve applied to the exterior of the refractory element. Such means may be in sections appliable laterally to the refractory element with means joining the sections to form a sleeve.
  • the exothermic material preferably comprises a mixture of refractory material, oxidizable metal in a state of subdivision and oxidizing agent.
  • the refractory material is preferably fire clay, desirably highly porous fire clay.
  • the oxidizable metal is preferably aluminum although other oxidizable metals, such, for example, as zirconium and magnesium, may be employed, or a mixture of two or more oxidizable metals may be used.
  • the oxidizing agent is preferably an alkali metal salt such as a nitrate, perchlorate or chromate, for example, sodium nitrate.
  • the oxidizing agent is preferably present in an amount less than stoichiometric for the oxidation of the oxidizable metal, the nature and relative quantities of the exothermically reacting ingredients being such as to produce a temperature of at least about 1000 C.
  • the refractory element is surrounded by a layer of exothermic refractory material with a layer of insulating material thereabout.
  • a metal sheath is preferably disposed about the layer of insulating material.
  • the exothermic material extends beyond the outflow end of the refractory element to inhibit freezing of metal at the nozzle outlet.
  • our improved nozzle may be applied to a tundish or a bottom pour ladle or any system in which molten metal is to be delivered in a controlled stream.
  • a tundish or ladle constructed in accordance with our invention may comprise a container lined with refractory material having an opening through its bottom and our improved nozzle for pouring molten metal from the tundish or ladle mounted in the opening.
  • FIGURE 1 is a fragmentary diagrammatic vertical cross-sectional view through a tundish equipped with our improved nozzle.
  • FIGURE 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken on the line IIII of FIGURE 1.
  • FIG- URE 1 shows a fragmentary section of a conventional tundish 26 provided with a stopper rod assembly and having a nozzle structure in accordance with our invention.
  • the steel Wall 27 and bottom 5 of the tundish are lined with the usual refractory brick and mortar 6.
  • a vertical stopper rod assembly 7 has a stopper head 8 which is adapted to seat into the inlet 9 of the refractory element 10 having a bore 19 through which molten metal is adapted to flow and which is the functional element of the nozzle.
  • the nozzle element 10 has a flangelike body 25 at its upper end and a depending shank 13 extending downward through a circular hole 11 in the bottom 5 of the tundish.
  • the hole 11 is dimensioned so as to permit a flange 12 at the bottom of the nozzle shank 13 to pass through the bottom hole 11 and also to provide for the support of the nozzle body 25 on a shoulder 14 of the bottom 5 surrounding the hole 11.
  • Refractory material 15 seals the nozzle body 25 to the refractory brick 6.
  • a heater sleeve 17 shown as being comprised of two sections or units 20 fitting smoothly to the outer cylindrical surface 16 of the nozzle shank 13 is supported on the nozzle flange 12 and extends downwardly to a point somewhat below the bottom surface 18 of the nozzle element 10.
  • FIGURE 2 the nozzle shank 13 and heater sleeve 17 are shown in horizontal cross section.
  • the nozzle shank 13 forms an uninterrupted teeming bore 19 tapered or cylindrical as shown and is enclosed by the heater sleeve 17 comprising the two sections or units 20 identical to each other as shown, each of which is comprised of a layer of exothermic refractory material 21, a layer of insulating material 22 and a semicylindrical steel sheath 23, with locking devices 24 which may be compression buckles.
  • the nozzle element 10 is positioned in a cold tundish 26 of conventional design except that the diameter of the hole 11 in the bottom of the tundish is made to accommodate the nozzle shank 13 and to support the nozzle element as aforementioned.
  • the usual refractory (ramming mix, for example) is used to seal the nozzle element 10 into the refractory 6 of the tundish.
  • the tundish is then dried and preheated in the usual manner.
  • the teeming or continuous casting operation as the case may be, may be commenced whereafter the sections or units of the heater sleeve 17, which sections or units are quick locking, may be applied and secured in position.
  • An exothermic reaction in the heater sleeve 17 is initiated by heat from the molten metal flowing through the nozzle.
  • the heat supplied by the exothermic material maintains the nozzle shank at a high enough temperature to inhibit freezing of metal therein, and the portion of the heater extending below the bottom of the nozzle shank inhibits freezing of metal at the nozzle outlet.
  • a nozzle for pouring molten metal comprising a refractory element having a bore through which molten metal is adapted to flow and means disposed about and outside of the refractory element comprising exothermic material rendered active to emit heat by the heat of molten metal flowing through the bore whereby to reduce the thermal loss outwardly from the refractory element and thereby minimize freezing of metal in the bore.
  • a nozzle for pouring molten metal as claimed in claim 1 in which the means disposed about the refractory element are in the form of a sleeve applied to the exterior of the refractory element.
  • a nozzle for pouring molten metal as claimed in claim 1 in which the means disposed about the refractory element are in sections appliable laterally to the refractory element with means joining the sections to form a sleeve applied to the exterior of the refractory element.
  • a nozzle for pouring molten metal as claimed in claim 4 in which the refractory material is fire clay and the oxidizable metal is aluminum.
  • a nozzle for pouring molten metal as claimed in claim 1 in which the refractory element is surrounded by a layer of exothermic refractory material with a layer of insulating material thereabout.
  • a nozzle for pouring molten metal as claimed in claim 7 having a metal sheath about the layer of insulating material.
  • a nozzle for pouring molten metal as claimed in claim 1 in which the means disposed about the refractory element extend beyond the outflow end of the refractory element.
  • a tundish having therein a nozzle for pouring molten metal from the tundish as claimed in claim 1.
  • a bottom pour ladle having therein a nozzle for pouring molten metal from the ladle as claimed in claim 1.
  • a tundish or ladle comprising a container lined with refractory material having an opening through its bottom and a nozzle for pouring molten metal from the tundish or ladle as claimed in claim I mounted in the opening.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US544610A 1966-04-22 1966-04-22 Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle Expired - Lifetime US3392888A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US544610A US3392888A (en) 1966-04-22 1966-04-22 Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle
GB32676/66A GB1130054A (en) 1966-04-22 1966-07-20 Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle
DEV31609A DE1290674B (de) 1966-04-22 1966-07-30 Ausgussduese fuer Stahlgiesspfannen
AT741766A AT267095B (de) 1966-04-22 1966-08-02 Düse zum Gießen geschmolzenen Metalls
BE685167D BE685167A (nl) 1966-04-22 1966-08-05

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US544610A US3392888A (en) 1966-04-22 1966-04-22 Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3392888A true US3392888A (en) 1968-07-16

Family

ID=24172881

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US544610A Expired - Lifetime US3392888A (en) 1966-04-22 1966-04-22 Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3392888A (nl)
AT (1) AT267095B (nl)
BE (1) BE685167A (nl)
DE (1) DE1290674B (nl)
GB (1) GB1130054A (nl)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3632026A (en) * 1969-01-27 1972-01-04 Vesuvius Crucible Co Stopper structure and combination of bottom pour receptacle and stopper
FR2169807A1 (nl) * 1971-12-07 1973-09-14 Foseco Int
US3800853A (en) * 1969-09-16 1974-04-02 Concast Ag Submerged nozzle for continuous casting
US4784302A (en) * 1986-12-29 1988-11-15 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Gas atomization melt tube assembly

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4027662C2 (de) * 1990-08-31 1994-02-10 Rexroth Mannesmann Gmbh Vergießofen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3220960A (en) * 1960-12-21 1965-11-30 Wichterle Otto Cross-linked hydrophilic polymers and articles made therefrom
US3341092A (en) * 1964-09-01 1967-09-12 Harbison Walker Refractories Nozzle construction with thermally expanding refractory insert

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1140677B (de) * 1958-09-22 1962-12-06 Eduard Baur Dipl Ing Blinder, verlorener Kopf fuer Giessformen
DE1212253B (de) * 1963-03-14 1966-03-10 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Verwendung eines brennbaren und vergasbaren Modellmaterials fuer Speisermodelle

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3220960A (en) * 1960-12-21 1965-11-30 Wichterle Otto Cross-linked hydrophilic polymers and articles made therefrom
US3341092A (en) * 1964-09-01 1967-09-12 Harbison Walker Refractories Nozzle construction with thermally expanding refractory insert

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3632026A (en) * 1969-01-27 1972-01-04 Vesuvius Crucible Co Stopper structure and combination of bottom pour receptacle and stopper
US3800853A (en) * 1969-09-16 1974-04-02 Concast Ag Submerged nozzle for continuous casting
FR2169807A1 (nl) * 1971-12-07 1973-09-14 Foseco Int
US4784302A (en) * 1986-12-29 1988-11-15 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Gas atomization melt tube assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT267095B (de) 1968-12-10
DE1290674B (de) 1969-03-13
GB1130054A (en) 1968-10-09
BE685167A (nl) 1967-02-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2646022B2 (ja) 冶金用容器のための浸漬形注湯ノズル
US3465811A (en) Plants for the continuous casting of steel
US4429816A (en) Union for providing inert gas between teeming nozzle and pouring tube
US3395840A (en) Nozzle for a bottom pour ladle for molten metal
US4096976A (en) Vessels for transferring liquid metal having a removable insulating lining
US4368834A (en) Preheating device for stopper-type tundishes
US2500097A (en) Exothermic composition for controlling the fluidity of castings
US3392888A (en) Exothermically heated molten metal pouring nozzle
US5004495A (en) Method for producing ultra clean steel
JPH0142787B2 (nl)
GB2093169A (en) Metal pouring apparatus and method
US3684267A (en) Apparatus for introducing gas to hot metal in a bottom-pour vessel
US3771584A (en) Method for continuously casting steel billet strands to minimize the porosity and chemical segregation along the center line of the strand
US3206301A (en) Process for the continuous treatment of steel
US3214804A (en) Ladles
US4202533A (en) Method and a device for unchoking the casting outlet of a metallurgical vessel
US4792070A (en) Tubes for casting molten metal
CA2218408A1 (en) Tapping method for electric arc furnaces, ladle furnaces of tundishes and relative tapping device
US2294169A (en) Casting iron and steel
US3810564A (en) Air pressure discharge furnace having protective atmosphere inlet and outlet
US3094424A (en) Sintered refractory material
US3333746A (en) Tundish ladles
US3549061A (en) Tundish nozzle for continuous casting
JPS62114748A (ja) 連続鋳造設備用レ−ドル、及びタンデイツシユ用ストツパ−ロツド
CA1036317A (en) Method of and apparatus for pouring metal into a continuous casting mould