US3392642A - Apparatus for printing - Google Patents

Apparatus for printing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3392642A
US3392642A US427693A US42769365A US3392642A US 3392642 A US3392642 A US 3392642A US 427693 A US427693 A US 427693A US 42769365 A US42769365 A US 42769365A US 3392642 A US3392642 A US 3392642A
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Prior art keywords
particles
recording
carrier
disc
belt
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US427693A
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English (en)
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Germer Horst
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/398—Processes based on the production of stickiness patterns using powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/435—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material
    • B41J2/465—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material using masks, e.g. light-switching masks
    • B41J2/4655—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material using masks, e.g. light-switching masks using character templates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/435—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material
    • B41J2/475—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material for heating selectively by radiation or ultrasonic waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B27/00—Photographic printing apparatus
    • G03B27/02—Exposure apparatus for contact printing
    • G03B27/14—Details
    • G03B27/30—Details adapted to be combined with processing apparatus
    • G03B27/306—Heat development
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/22—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20
    • G03G15/24—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 whereby at least two steps are performed simultaneously
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/22—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20
    • G03G15/34—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 in which the powder image is formed directly on the recording material, e.g. by using a liquid toner
    • G03G15/344—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 in which the powder image is formed directly on the recording material, e.g. by using a liquid toner by selectively transferring the powder to the recording medium, e.g. by using a LED array
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G19/00—Processes using magnetic patterns; Apparatus therefor, i.e. magnetography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
    • G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
    • G06K15/12—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers by photographic printing, e.g. by laser printers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
    • G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
    • G06K15/14—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers by electrographic printing, e.g. xerography; by magnetographic printing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S101/00—Printing
    • Y10S101/37—Printing employing electrostatic force

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 0F THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates to apparatus for printing and more particularly it relates to apparatus for printing letters and symbols with typewriters and the like.
  • the apparatus disclosed herein makes use of color particles which are magnetically influenceable and which are initially stored in a container.
  • Carrier means are provided for transferring the particles from the container to a recording region. During the transfer, magnetic and/or electrostatic means are used to secure the particles to the carrier means.
  • the carrier means is subjected to a source of radiation which is shaped into the pattern of a Writing character, thereby reducing the force with which some of the particles are held to the carrier means.
  • a source of radiation which is shaped into the pattern of a Writing character, thereby reducing the force with which some of the particles are held to the carrier means.
  • magnetic and/or electrostatic means are used to attract the effected particles on to a recording member in the apparatus, the particles so transferred forming en masse a Writing character.
  • the particles transferred to-the recording member are then permanently fixed thereon.
  • the carrier means mentioned above comprise at least first and second carrier means which operate at different velocities.
  • the first carrier means is used to transfer the particles from the storage container to the second carrier means, and the latter is used to transfer the particles to the recording region.
  • the second carrier means has a layer thereon which is influenced by said source of radiation (which may be light) in such a manner as to reduce the holding force with which the particles are held to that portion of the layer which is subjected to the radiation.
  • the particles whose holding force is reduced form en masse the writing character.
  • Suitable template means are positioned between the source of radiation and the second vcarrier means to provide for a selection of characters to be produced and transferred to the recording member.
  • An object of this invention is to produce a novel method and apparatus printing characters in devices such as typewriters and the like.
  • a further object of this invention is to produce an apparatus such as a typewriter in which the writing characters are developed With a minimum of noise.
  • Another object is to produce a method and apparatus which uses dust like color particles for forming the writing characters and which color particles are formed fhrough using a low cost source of radiation in combination with magnetic and/ or electrostatic means to produce an apparatus which can operate at high speeds.
  • a further object is to produce a method and apparatus as mentioned above in which some of the embodiments utilize a shifting recording member and others which utilize a stationary recording member to which the color particles are transferred.
  • FIGURE 1 is a generally schematic view showing a first modication in which the rst carrier means is in the form of a disc and the second carrier means is in the form of an endless belt having a portion which is parallel to and spaced from the recording region;
  • FIGURE 2 is an enlarged in section of the construction of the second carrier means according to FIGURE l;
  • FIGURE 3a is an arrangement in which the second carrier means is carried in the recording region over a stationary photo-conductive layer which may be acted upon by a radiation action electrically and/ or magnetical- 1y;
  • FIGURE 3b is an arrangement according to FIGURE 3a but With a protective layer
  • FIGURE 4a is a side view of another embodiment in which the first carrier means which takes the color particle from storage as Well as a second carrier means which takes the particle from the first carrier means and carries them into the recording region are constructed as turnable discs;
  • FIGURE 4b is an arrangement according to FIGURE 4a in front view
  • FIGURE 5a is a portion of the second carrier means showing a foil carrier with tooth-shaped projecting carrier surfaces as seen from the recording area;
  • FIGURE 5b is the same carrier according to FIGURE 5a as seen from the radiation source;
  • FIGURE 6 is an arrangement in which the iirst carrier means is constructed as a disc and the second carrli'e'i means also ⁇ as a'discwith tooth-like projecting carrier surfaces on said second carrier means;
  • FIGURE 7 is an arrangement in which the second carrier means is a bar means and is provided with vibrating means to feed the color particles from the first carrier means to the recording region; and t FIGURE 8 is a generally schematic view of a modification which utilizes a recording headY means to travel in front of'fa stationaryrecording member.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a schematic view of a first modification of this invention.
  • 'It includes a first carrier means 1 which is a rotatable disc means.
  • a storage container 2 Adjacent to the periphery of the first side of said discmeans 1 is a storage container 2 in which the color particles 3 are stored and agitated by known means such asan air stream in the container.
  • the second carrier means of the first modication comprises an endless belt means 4 which is carried and driven by rollers 5.
  • the rollers are positioned in 'order that the belt means will be spaced from and parallel to said disc means 1 and also'will be spaced from and parallel -to the recordingmember' 6 which may be a sheet of paper to which the writing characters are transferred.
  • This section of the apparatus is generally referred to as the recording region.
  • electrode 7a may be connected to a source of high tension potential E, to attract the particles.
  • the electrode 7a may also be formed -by the pole area of the magnetically operated means 7 so that they may be directly connected to the high tension potential.
  • Electrode 8a may suitably be connected to a source of high tension potential in place of magnetic means 8.
  • the particles are held on the disc means 1 until they are transferred lby a electric potential El which is connected-to the disc by the bearing means for the shaft supporting and turning the disc means.
  • Arrangements may also be provided in which on at least one of the transfer stations alternating potentials are superposed to the holding potential El such that at the take over side, for instance at 8a, the holding potential EB is periodically raised by an impulse potential of a frequency serving the purpose, and at the same time, on the discharge side, for instance, at 1 the holding potential E1 is periodically reduced by a synchronous impulse potential moved in phase by 180.
  • the electro-physical properties of the color particles 3l should be compatible with the first ⁇ and second carrier, means ⁇ 1 and 4, respectively, according to Whether electro-static and/or'electro-magnetic means for holding and transferring )the particles are used.
  • the carrier means could consist of electrically-conducting material and be directlyconnected -to the holding and transfer potentials. It is also possible to make the second carrier means from electrically insulating material and to provide aconducting layer thereon which. is connected to a suitable potential. Under some circumstances it is necessary to make the secondv carrier means permeable to the rays of the radiation source 10. These factors will be later discussed more thoroughly in relation to the specific embodiments disclosed.
  • the color particles 3 consist generally of a thermoplastic base material to which color has been'added'
  • the color addition if necessary ⁇ may either show ferro-magnetic properties themselves or separate ferro-magnetic substances may be mixed ⁇ into the basic bodies of the particles.
  • the velocityvOf the b'elt'rneans 4 Vz'and is'generally at right angles to /when 'the'pa ticles are transferred 4tothe beltmea'nsm4.,'Inffthel pre; ferredconstruction, velocity V Linay be a multiplenof the velocity V2.
  • the duration of exposure of the source of radiation as well as the currents controllingthe electro-'magnet means 7, 8, and 9 and/or the electro-static potentials E7, E8, E9 may be actuated automatically -in cooperation with the stops of a typewriter keyboard byva known electronic time control, which need not be described in detail.
  • the second carriermeans 4 is shownin an enlarged scale in YFIGURE 2.
  • f4a is aradiation permeable foil body of exible insulating material.
  • the surface of the foil body turned' towards recording member 6 is provided with a layer 4b of radiation permeable electrically conducting material which may lbe a vapor deposited molecular metal layer or the like, which invturn is Vcovered with aV thin photo-conducting layer 4c of known kind.
  • the mentioned conductive layer can be strengthened galvanically. so :that it canY be connected via suitable contactl means, forwinstanceycontact rollers with an external potential.
  • SinceV the velocity ratiob'etween the'recording track mentioned of the rotating disc 1 and the velocity V2 of the belt means 4 may, for instance, assume a value it may easily be seen that when switching in the transfer magnet 8, the color particles of unit areas of disc 1 will be transmitted upon each unit area of the belt means 4.
  • the belt means or second carrier means 4 on account of the statistically changing distribution of the particles upon the recording track of the disc 1 is provided with a ver-y uniform color dust layer which, in addition, is much denser and heavier than a layer which could be deposited upon the belt means by means of a onetime direct transferance from the storage container.
  • the color particles 3 transmitted from disc means 1 to belt means 4 may be held thereon by a potential connected to the metal layer on the belt means and/ or by an electro-static charge deposited on it by a sparking device 13 of known construction.
  • the holding forces for the belt means are selected so that in spite of switched in transfer magnet means 8 and/ or the transfer potential E8, the adhesion of the color particles on the belt means is sufficient to carry them along from the transfer region between the disc means 1 and belt means 4.
  • the movement of the belt means or second carrier means 4 with the color particles thereon into the recording region may either take place step by step or continuously, which is more advantageous for a high writing velocity and a simple construction of the drive.
  • Known driving means (not shown) are provided for this purpose.
  • the first printing process is initiated on the keyboard.
  • the writing symbol to be printed is selected in the template carrier 11 in a manner already suggested elsewhere and following it, the radiation source 10, for instance light source, is switched in.
  • the profile bundle of rays 12 created hereby strikes carrier means 4 and penetrates the radiation permeable foil body 4a as well as the electrically conductive layer 4b and impinges upon the photo-sensitive layer 4c following in the layering.
  • the radiation source 10 for instance light source
  • the profile bundle of rays 12 created hereby strikes carrier means 4 and penetrates the radiation permeable foil body 4a as well as the electrically conductive layer 4b and impinges upon the photo-sensitive layer 4c following in the layering.
  • the electrical charge of the surface of the carrier means 4 flows off to the electrically conductive layer 4b, whereby the color particle 3 will now adhere with reduced force to the carrier means 4.
  • the transmitting field of magnet means 9 and/ or the electro-static field of the potential E9 becomes active in such a manner that now all color particles adhering with reduced force to carrier means 4 are transmitted across the small air gaps of, for instance, 0.2 mm., instantaneously, upon the recording area 6 and present there a legible although not yet fixed powder image corresponding to the projected writing image or character.
  • the color particles transmitted in this manner upon the recording area 6 may be held fast upon the recording area by a magnetic pre-excitation by the field of an additional permanent magnet and/or by an electro-static prestress. Should this holding phase of the particles take place electro-statically, it may be practical to provide the electrode adjacent to the back side of the recording sheet 6 with an insulating layer so that uncontrolled potential conditions may not occur through varying conductivity of the recording sheet.
  • the character When the writing character is first transferred to the recording member 6 which may be a sheet of paper, the character is in the form of a powder image. With the means mentioned above it is possible to permit the character to remain in this powder form for several feeding steps of the member 6 before permanently fixing the image thereto. This enables typing errors to be eliminated without erasure of a permanent imprint.
  • the removal may be accomplished by a brush, by a magnet, or by an electro-statically working device which attracts the powder image thereto. It is also possible to remove a wrongly written symbol by a suction hose by which the powder is returned to the storage container.
  • the erasure devices mentioned above may be incorporated into a special erasing key on the keyboard so that the wrongly w-ritten character may be immediately removed by striking the erasing key.
  • the means may include heat means such as infra red radiation which will heat the powder m'age and liquify the thermo-plastic component of the color particles thereby fixing it to the recording member 6.
  • Other means include a high frequency dielectric and/or magnetic alternating field which heats the color particles sufficiently for fixation.
  • a heating of the recording area by conduction is ⁇ also possible.
  • a heating area may -be provi-ded on the back side of the recording area 6 and adjacent to it which heats the writing surface locally each time to the permis-sible temperature.
  • Another possibility would be that a hot air current likewise ⁇ active only in o-ne line section acts immediately upon the transmitted W'riting symbols. The turbulence of this air stream must, of course, so be dimensioned that the holding forces which hold the powder image upon the recording area 6 will not be overcome.
  • the fixation of the color particles by heat with ⁇ a control of the heat transmission means depending upon the writing velocity can easily be accomplished- If it is desired in the above described arrangement to drive the carrier means 4 as mentioned with -a continuous velocity, then the feed path per second with a maximum writing velocity of 30 symbols per second should correspond approximately to the 30 fold height of a writing symbol and therefore shoul-d be around 100 mm. so that when printing a writing symbol, gaps in the powder layer of the carrier caused by preceding recording will not detrimentally influence the new recording. but where it is not so important to get an absolutely faultless imprint, and especially when the average writting is done a ⁇ much vlower velocity, for example, one-'half the speed 50 mm. per second will suice.
  • the transmitting area is active, say, on account of switching on magnet means 9, the particules liberate-d in the manner described and mig-rating from carrier means 4 to recording area 6 are subjected to inertia in the direction of movement of the carrier as well as a magnetic 'acceleration in a direction perpendicular to the direction of this recording area.
  • the motion ycomponent in the direction of the carrier tape is retarted by the resistance of the surrounding air while the velocity perpendicular to the recording area is further increased by the accelerating field.
  • FIGURE 3a shows a portion of the second carrier means in the recording region.
  • the belt means mentioned earlier in the construction is made of a thin plastic ribbon 14 which is also electrically insulating.
  • the ribbon or belt 14 is subjected to an electrostatic charge by a sparkling device such as 13 shown in FIGURE l, andthe color particles 3 are accordingly held on the belt 14.
  • a ixed guide plate member is provided whose basic body is made up( of electrically conducting and radiation permeable material 15a.
  • a photo sensitive layer 15b On the side of material 15a ⁇ adjacent to beit 14 there is provided a photo sensitive layer 15b.
  • FIGURE 3b shows another embodiment similar to FIGURE 3a in which a protective layer 15C is positioned between the plastic belt 14 anfd the photo sensitive layer 15b.
  • the protective layer 15e protects the sensitive layer 15b from the abrasive effects of belt 14 passing thereover.
  • the protective layer or plate 15C may be made fromI ⁇ a bundle of thin mutually insulated wires which are glued together and which are polished on the side towards belt 14 and may be provided with the photo sensitive layer 15b on the other side.
  • the photo sensitive layer 15b is then electrically connected to base plate 15a, which in turn is connected to electrostatic potential E.
  • the light rays 12 pass through the light permeable layer 15a and impinge upon the layer 15b which is responsive thereto.
  • the lowering of -resistance of layer 15b is transferred to layer 15C which conducts exclusively perepndicula-r to its area extension to reduce the force with which particles 3 are held to ribbon belt 14.
  • the particles formed into the Writing character are then transferred to the recording member 6 by means 9 and/or E9 as previously explained.
  • FIG- URES 4a and 4b Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG- URES 4a and 4b, in which the first and second carrier means are disc means 23 and 21, respectively.
  • the axis of rotation 22 of disc means 21 is located along the line of travel of the characters formed on the recording member 6, and rthe ⁇ disc means 23 may be rotated continuously or in stepped timed relation to the keyboard of the typewriter as keys are struck by known means.
  • a portion of the peripheries of disc means 23 and 21 are in overlapping spaced parallel relation as shown in FIGURE 4a.
  • the color particles 3 may be transferred to the disc means 23 by electro-magnetic means 7 and/ or electrostatic means 7a in a manner Isimilar to the other embodiments disclosed herein.
  • the second carrier disc means 21 has at least an annular area passing across the recording region, which area is radiation permeable and electrically conducting or is made from non-conductive material which is covered on the side towards the recording member 6 with a conductive radiation permeable layer as previously explained.
  • a photo-sensitive layer 21e is also positioned thereon.
  • the electrostatic potentials E are connected to the shaft of the disc means as shown at 24, for example.
  • the transmission of the color particles from the second carrier means 21 to the recording member 6 takes place in a manner similar to the process explained in FIGURE 1 through influence of magnet means 8 and/ or the electrostatic system 8a upon the color particles 3 deposited upon disc means 23. It is practical even in this construction to choose the rotatable speed of the disc means 23 greater than that of disc means 21. Likewise, the color particles 3 transmitted to the disc 21 are selectively carried to the recording member 6 under the inuence of the radiation bundle 12 in the same manner as previously explained.
  • second carrier means (4, 14,V and 21)VA to see the Charactersl formed on the recording member only after the recording member has been moved sufficiently for the characters to clear the second carrier means.
  • Errors in typing can be eliminated by moving the recording member a suitable number of spaces by a space key provided on the keyboard in known manner to enable the wrongly written character to be seen and erased as previously explained.
  • automatically operated typewriters which are fed by a control tape it is not necessary to see each letter as typed since the typewriter under such conditions is not subject to manual error. i
  • FIGURES 5a and 5b show one such form which the invention may take.
  • the second carrier means 31 is in belt form and layer 31a is a radiation permeable strip which in its width represents the basic body of the carrier.
  • a radiation permeable layer of metal 31b is deposited on the strip in tooth form as shown. The metal deposit is then covered at the narrowly cross hatched areas 31e with a photo-conductive layer to which the color particles adhere, as'shown at 31d.
  • the carrier 31 thus constructed is then discontinuously fed by a known stepping device which is controlled by the key system of the typewriter.
  • the color particles 3 are transferred to the recording member by the same technique disclosed in relation to FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 5b shows the carrier 31 as seen from the side of the source of radiation and it is apparent that the character transferred to the recording member is immediately legible after each typing through one of the transparent surfaces 31a.
  • the carrier 31 may be moved in steps corresponding to the height of the characters produced.
  • the disc means 36 can be layered and constructed in a manner similar to that construction shown in FIGURES 5a and 5b.
  • the radiation permeable conductive layers are arranged in tooth-like areas 36b which are electrically conductive to the main disc rarea 36e, which are connected to a source of high potential E.
  • the conductive surfaces 36h are covered with photo-responsive layers which correspond to areas 31C of FIGURE 5a.
  • FIGURE 7 Another embodiment of the ⁇ invention is shown in FIGURE 7, which avoids moving the second carrier means into the recording region.
  • the particles 3 are transferred from the storage container 2 by disc means 23 to secondcarrier means 41 as previously explained.
  • Second carrier means 41 is generally a plate-like carrier which may be electrically conductive and radiation premeable and which has a photo-sensitive layer 41C on the side thereof which is adjacent to the recording member 6.
  • the carrier means 41 is elastically suspended from vibrator means 43 and 43 which may be piezo electric drive means or other known vibration means.
  • the kcolor particles which are transferred from disc means 23 tocarrier means 41 are movedupwardly against gravity whilevbeing electrostatically held thereon by potential E.
  • the vibration frequency selected can be chosen so high that undesirable noise and resonance within the machine are avoided.
  • the frequency selected can therefore be in the ultra sound area.
  • the system suggested here for transporting color particles in a typewriter in a given case may be arranged so that the electrostatic holding potential is modulated in relation to the exciter potential transmitted from the oscillating generators 43 and 43. Assuming correct mutual phase location of the potentials-the action of the transporting component of the accelerating forces is assisted. It may be practical in this case to switch in transfer magnet means 9 or the electrostatic transmission field 9a in the manner of an impulse only for the duration of the influence of the radiation 12 upon the carrier 41 and superpose them upon the stationary field which holds the particles upon the recording area 6.
  • the color particles which are not used for forming a symbol when traveling through the recording area will finally reach the upper end of bar 41, and from there will again be carried to the circulation process, that is, the storage container via a suction device 44.
  • the recording region containing the source of radiation 10 has remained stationary while the recording member has been moved as the writing progressed.
  • the carriage upon which the recording member is mounted may be of light weight construction and can be moved along the direction of typing by known means.
  • FIGURE 8 Another embodiment of this invention ⁇ shown in FIGURE 8 may be utilized.
  • the recording member 6 remains stationary While the source of radiation 10, template means 11, and the recording head means lgenerally designated 48 are moved along a direction which is parallel to the writing plane of recording member 6.
  • the rays 12 from the radiation source 10 are shaped by template means 11, as previously explained, and are reflected off a mirror means 46 which is positioned in the recording head means 48 and are directed at right angles toward the recording member 6 and impinge upon the recording means 47.
  • This grouping of elements is moved along the member 6 upon typing ofthe keys and known means are used to effect the step-wise shifting thereof.
  • the recording head means can be made especially light and can be moved with a minimum of noise in shifting and returning to the initial position.
  • a bundle of rays defiected in the Amanner of a scanning pattern . can be utilized without substantial change in the principles of this invention.
  • the recording means 47 may take the various forms of the previous embodiments explained herein.
  • a known equalizing optical system may be provided between the mirror 46 and the recording means 47.
  • the radiation permeable conductive layer of the second carrier means mentioned in the previous embodiments may also consist of photo-technically deposited and possibly galvanically reinforced very fine grid means through whose -mesh the rays act upon the photo-sensitive layer.
  • further layers such as semi-conducting barrier lines or the like may be provided in addition to the photo-conductive layer to cooperate with the latter.
  • the time of action of the radiation amounts to only a fraction of the time of traveling of the particles across the entire recording area, that is perhaps across a height of a symbol field.
  • means may be provided to remove the particles from the second carrier means after passing the recording region.
  • These means may be suction means such as 44 in FIGURE 7, or other magnetic and/ or electrostatic devices Iwhich return the unused particles to the container 2.
  • an apparatus such as a typewriter for recording writing characters on a recording member
  • a recording member a storage container having magnetically influenceable color particles therein
  • first carrier means including a rotary circular disc means rotatable about an axis spaced from said container and Ihaving a peripheral portion located in the region of said container, means for rotating said first carrier means so that an annular surface portion of the same moves past said container, means for transferring said particles from said container to said first carrier means and holding said particles thereon on said annular surface portion, second carrier means, means for transferring said particles on said annular surface portion from said first carrier means to said second carrier means and holding said particles thereon, said apparatus having a recording region in front of said recording member, said second carrier means being adapted to move the said particles held thereto to said recording region, means for reducing the force with which some of said particles are held to said second carrier means in said recording region with the said some of said particles forming en masse a writing character, means at said recording region for simultaneously transferring said particles formed into said writing character
  • said second carrier means has a photo-sensitive layer against which said particles are held electrostatically
  • said means for reducing the force with which said particles are held to said second carrier means comprises, a light source, and selected template means between said light source and said photo-sensitive layer for shaping the rays of said light source impinging said photo-sensitive layer to form the image of a writing character thereon.
  • first and second carrier means are disc means having axes of rotation which are parallel to each other and which lie in a common plane, and in which the peripheries of said means are in spaced overlapping relation to permit the transfer of said particles from said first carrier means to said second carrier means.
  • said first carrier means comprises disc means and said second carrier means comprises a planar member having one end parallel to and spaced from the periphery of said disc means, and vibrator means to vibrate said planar member to move the particles thereon to said recording region.
  • an 'apparatus such as a typewriter for recording writing characters on a recording member
  • a recording member a storage container having magnetically infiuenceable color particles therein, disc means adapted to be rotated in a fixed plane having a first side spaced from and adjacent to said container with said container being positioned near the periphery of said disc means, first magnetically operated means positioned on the second side of said disc means and opposite from said container for attracting said particles to said first side of said disc means from said container, means for electrostatically holding said particles on said first side, belt means having first and second sides and adapted to be moved over pulley means and forming a closed path with a portion of said path lying in a plane spaced from and parallel to said first side of said disc means and also spaced from said container, second magnetically operated means positioned on a side of said belt means opposite from said first -side of said disc means and adapted to attract said particles from said disc means to said first side of said belt means, means for electrostatically holding said particles on
  • an apparatus such as a typewriter for recording writing characters on a recording member
  • a recording member a storage container having magnetically infiuenceable color particles therein, disc means adapted to be rotated in a fixed plane having a first side spaced from and adjacent to said container with said container being positioned near the periphery of said disc means, first magnetically operated means positioned on the second side of said disc means and opposite from said container for attracting said particles to said first side of said disc means from said container, means for electrostatically holding said particles on said first side, belt means having first and second sides and adapted to be moved over pulley means and forming a closed path with a portion of said path lying in a plane spaced from and parallel to said first side of said disc means and also spaced from said container, second magnetically operated means positioned on a side of said belt mean-s opposite from said first side of said disc means and adapted to attract said particles from said disc means to said first side of said belt means, means for electrostatically holding said particles on said first
  • an apparatus such as a typewriter for recording writing characters on a recording member
  • a recording member a storage container having magnetically infiuenceable color particles therein, disc means adapted to be rotated in a fixed plane having a first side spaced from and adjacent to said container with said container being positioned near the periphery of said disc means, first magnetically operated means positioned on the second side of said disc means and opposite from said container for attracting said particles to said first side of said disc means from said container, means for electrostatically holding said particles on said first side, belt means having first and second sides and adapted to be moved over pulley means and forming a closed path with a portion of said path lying in a plane spaced from and parallel to said first side of said disc means and also spaced from said container, second magnetically operated means positioned on a side ,of said belt means opposite from said first side of said disc means and adapted to attract said particles from said disc means to said first side of said belt means, means for electrostatically holding said particles on said first side of
  • an apparatus such as a typewriter for recording writing characters on a recording member
  • a recording member adapted to be shifted along a line of travel as the characters are transferred thereto, a storage container having magnetically iniiuenceable particles therein
  • first disc means adapted to be rotated in a fixed plane having a first side spaced from and adjacent to said container with said container being positioned near the periphery of said disc means
  • first magnetically operated means positioned on the second side of said disc means and opposite from said container for attracting said particles to said first side of said disc means from said container, means for electro-statically holding said particles on said first side of said first disc means, a recording region at which said recording member is positoned
  • second disc means adapted to be rotated in a fixed plane parallel to the plane of said first disc means, with the periphery thereof in overlapping relation with the periphery of said first disc means, said second disc means having first and second sides with the first side being spaced from the first side of said first disc means, second magnetically
  • the apparatus as claimed in claim 13 further comprising means to drive said second disc means intermittently in timed relation with the travel of said recording member.
  • the apparatus as claimed in claim 14 further comprising means to control said source of radiation to emit said rays during the interval between movements of said second disc means.
  • an apparatus such as a typewriter for recording writing characters on a recording member
  • a recording member a storage container h-aving magnetically infiuenceable color particles therein
  • disc means adapted to be rotated in a fixed plane having a first side spaced from and adjacent to s-aid container with said container being positioned near the periphery of said disc means
  • first magnetically operated means positioned on the second side of said disc means and opposite from said container for attracting said particles to said first side of said disc means from said container, means for electrostatically holding said particles on said first side
  • belt means having first and second sides yand adapted to be moved over pulley means and forming a closed path with a portion of said path lying in a plane spaced from and parallel to said first side of said disc means and also spaced from said container
  • second magnetically operated means positioned on a side of said belt means opposite from said first side of said disc means and adapted to attract said particles from said disc means to said first side of said belt means, means for electrostatically
  • an apparatus such as a typewriter for recording writing characters on -a recording member
  • a recording member a storage container having magnetically infiuenceable color particles therein, disc means adapted to be rotated in a fixed plane having a first side spaced from and adjacent to said container with said container being positioned near the periphery of said disc means, first magnetically operated means positioned on the second side of said disc means and opposite from said container for attracting said particles to said first side of said disc means from said container, means for electrostatically holding said particles on said first side, belt means having first and second sides and adapted to be moved over pulley means and forming a closed path with a portion of said path lying in a plane spaced from and parallel to said first side of said disc means and also spaced from said container, second magnetically operated means positioned on a side of said belt means opposite from said first side of said disc means and adapted to attract said particles from said disc means to said first side of said belt means, means for electrostatically holding said particles on said first side of
  • a typewriting apparatus comprising a recording sheet; means for moving said recording sheet in one direction; a storage means having color particles therein; radiation permeable carrier means movable along a path between said storage means and a recording region through which said recording sheet moves, said carrier means including a first rotary carrier having an annular surface portion passing said storage means during each revolution of said iirst carrier, a second movable carrier passing a section of said annular surface portion and also passing through said recording region spaced by a gap from said recording sheet; means for transferring particles from said first carrier to said second carrier at a point of the same spaced from said recording area; means for transferring paticles from said storage means to said first carrier; means for producing a beam of radiation passing through said second carrier in said recording region; a photosensitive layer in said recording region; a selected template means having an outline for representing a selected character and located in said recording region so that a beam of said radiation passes through said template means and said second carrier to said photosensitive layer for causing said second means to release said particles along

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
  • Impression-Transfer Materials And Handling Thereof (AREA)
US427693A 1963-02-15 1965-01-25 Apparatus for printing Expired - Lifetime US3392642A (en)

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DEG0045985 1963-02-15
DEG0037079 1963-02-15
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US00326864A Expired - Lifetime US3854808A (en) 1963-02-15 1973-01-26 Method and device for producing prints and the like

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Cited By (10)

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US3621967A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-11-23 Irving I Brown Liquid emission typewriter
US3898082A (en) * 1972-05-17 1975-08-05 Rca Corp Method of making a transparency of a colored image in a magneto-electric printing system
USB200759I5 (ja) * 1971-11-22 1976-02-03 Rca Corp
US4007044A (en) * 1973-12-11 1977-02-08 Ricoh Co., Ltd. Color electrophotographic process
US4046472A (en) * 1975-04-18 1977-09-06 Xerox Corporation Electrostatic imaging apparatus
US4103995A (en) * 1975-04-18 1978-08-01 Xerox Corporation Imaging apparatus
EP0000409A1 (en) * 1977-07-07 1979-01-24 Océ-Nederland B.V. Process for magnetically transferring a powder image
EP0000408A1 (en) * 1977-07-07 1979-01-24 Océ-Nederland B.V. Process for magnetically transferring a powder image
US4336317A (en) * 1979-09-26 1982-06-22 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for forming images using a photosensitive screen
US4511268A (en) * 1979-10-19 1985-04-16 Marshall Eric J High speed printer

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DE3051235C2 (de) * 1979-04-02 1996-12-12 Canon Kk Aufzeichnungsgerät
JPS55132269A (en) * 1979-04-02 1980-10-14 Canon Inc Recording device
DE3248178C2 (de) * 1982-12-27 1987-02-19 Forschungsgesellschaft Druckmaschinen E.V., 6000 Frankfurt Bildmäßige Beschichtung von Druckformen für den Flachdruck
US4743920A (en) * 1985-07-31 1988-05-10 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Thermal transfer recording method and apparatus
EP0253300B1 (de) * 1986-07-11 1990-11-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Thermo-Transfer-Druckeinrichtung
ATE65628T1 (de) * 1986-09-30 1991-08-15 Siemens Ag Thermo-transfer-druckeinrichtung.
US4841316A (en) * 1988-02-17 1989-06-20 The Gerber Scientific Instrument Company Photohead system for positioning an aperture wheel and method of making an aperture disc
EP0565460A2 (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-10-13 Eastman Kodak Company Improved thermal printing system
GB2310504A (en) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-27 Spectrum Tech Ltd Laser marking apparatus and methods
US5811792A (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-09-22 Wisconsin Label Corporation Method and apparatus for accessing contents of envelopes and other similarly concealed information
CN101561621B (zh) * 2008-04-17 2010-12-08 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 遮光片及使用该遮光片的投影系统

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US3006259A (en) * 1956-06-04 1961-10-31 Ibm Proportional space recording devices
US3056136A (en) * 1957-10-31 1962-09-25 Jack E Macgriff Image control device and method of printing
US3071645A (en) * 1959-09-09 1963-01-01 Gen Dynamics Corp Recorder utilizing electrostatic charges
US3093039A (en) * 1958-05-12 1963-06-11 Xerox Corp Apparatus for transferring powder images and method therefor
US3115076A (en) * 1961-10-30 1963-12-24 Rca Corp Communication printer
US3122075A (en) * 1953-03-18 1964-02-25 Time Inc Photocomposing mechanism
US3166420A (en) * 1959-05-07 1965-01-19 Xerox Corp Simultaneous image formation
US3218967A (en) * 1962-12-20 1965-11-23 Electrostatic Printing Corp Selective printing using electrostatic techniques
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US2798959A (en) * 1953-10-01 1957-07-09 Rca Corp Photoconductive thermography
FR1202827A (fr) * 1956-06-04 1960-01-13 Ibm Dispositif d'espacement variable pour enregistrement xérographique
US3121791A (en) * 1960-06-21 1964-02-18 Robert B Russell Thermotransfer copy process wherein a heat sink is positioned within the composite
US3570380A (en) * 1968-06-07 1971-03-16 Olivetti & Co Spa Impactless typewriter

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US1435850A (en) * 1920-12-20 1922-11-14 George C Hulse Photographic-printing machine
US2236767A (en) * 1937-09-07 1941-04-01 Tison Percy Means for slating and synchronizing in motion pictures
US3122075A (en) * 1953-03-18 1964-02-25 Time Inc Photocomposing mechanism
US3006259A (en) * 1956-06-04 1961-10-31 Ibm Proportional space recording devices
US3056136A (en) * 1957-10-31 1962-09-25 Jack E Macgriff Image control device and method of printing
US2924519A (en) * 1957-12-27 1960-02-09 Ibm Machine and method for reproducing images with photoconductive ink
US3093039A (en) * 1958-05-12 1963-06-11 Xerox Corp Apparatus for transferring powder images and method therefor
US3166420A (en) * 1959-05-07 1965-01-19 Xerox Corp Simultaneous image formation
US3071645A (en) * 1959-09-09 1963-01-01 Gen Dynamics Corp Recorder utilizing electrostatic charges
US3115076A (en) * 1961-10-30 1963-12-24 Rca Corp Communication printer
US3261284A (en) * 1962-03-26 1966-07-19 Ibm Non-impact electrostatic printer
US3218967A (en) * 1962-12-20 1965-11-23 Electrostatic Printing Corp Selective printing using electrostatic techniques
US3301152A (en) * 1964-11-27 1967-01-31 Xerox Corp Xerographic copying apparatus

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3621967A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-11-23 Irving I Brown Liquid emission typewriter
USB200759I5 (ja) * 1971-11-22 1976-02-03 Rca Corp
US3986872A (en) * 1971-11-22 1976-10-19 Rca Corporation Method of increasing the image exposure and developing sensitivity of magneto-electric printing system
US3898082A (en) * 1972-05-17 1975-08-05 Rca Corp Method of making a transparency of a colored image in a magneto-electric printing system
US4007044A (en) * 1973-12-11 1977-02-08 Ricoh Co., Ltd. Color electrophotographic process
US4046472A (en) * 1975-04-18 1977-09-06 Xerox Corporation Electrostatic imaging apparatus
US4103995A (en) * 1975-04-18 1978-08-01 Xerox Corporation Imaging apparatus
EP0000409A1 (en) * 1977-07-07 1979-01-24 Océ-Nederland B.V. Process for magnetically transferring a powder image
EP0000408A1 (en) * 1977-07-07 1979-01-24 Océ-Nederland B.V. Process for magnetically transferring a powder image
US4207101A (en) * 1977-07-07 1980-06-10 Oce-Van Der Grinten N.V. Process for magnetically transferring a powder image
US4336317A (en) * 1979-09-26 1982-06-22 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for forming images using a photosensitive screen
US4511268A (en) * 1979-10-19 1985-04-16 Marshall Eric J High speed printer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1084285A (ja)
DE1436647B2 (de) 1974-07-11
CH479405A (de) 1969-10-15
CH523780A (de) 1972-06-15
US3854808A (en) 1974-12-17
GB1094073A (en) 1967-12-06
DE1436651A1 (de) 1969-02-06
DE1436656B2 (de) 1973-01-18
DE1436647A1 (de) 1969-04-30
DE1436651B2 (de) 1972-10-19
DE1436647C3 (de) 1975-03-06
DE1436656A1 (de) 1969-03-27

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