US3388025A - Apparatus for forming a flat narrow strip of parallel bonded filaments - Google Patents

Apparatus for forming a flat narrow strip of parallel bonded filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3388025A
US3388025A US251879A US25187963A US3388025A US 3388025 A US3388025 A US 3388025A US 251879 A US251879 A US 251879A US 25187963 A US25187963 A US 25187963A US 3388025 A US3388025 A US 3388025A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
bundle
nylon
straw
forwarding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US251879A
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English (en)
Inventor
Oswald A Drica-Minieris
Robert L Gardner
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Monsanto Co
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Monsanto Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Monsanto Co filed Critical Monsanto Co
Priority to US251879A priority Critical patent/US3388025A/en
Priority to GB1065/64A priority patent/GB1023891A/en
Priority to LU45201D priority patent/LU45201A1/xx
Priority to DE19641479454 priority patent/DE1479454A1/de
Priority to NL6400212A priority patent/NL6400212A/xx
Priority to CH43464A priority patent/CH434545A/fr
Priority to FR960486A priority patent/FR1380099A/fr
Priority to BE642592A priority patent/BE642592A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3388025A publication Critical patent/US3388025A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of a strawlike article from nylon continuous filaments. More particularly, the present invention relates to a straw-like article made from parallel arranged multi-continuous filament nylon yarn bonded together by means of a treatment with a bond-inducing agent of a particular class and to a method of producing such article.
  • a straw-like article or fillet composed of multicontinuous filament nylon yarn bonded together in a certain way.
  • the yarn has a plurality of substantially straight individual continuous filaments disposed in a substantially parallelrclation with respect to each other and preferably in a substantially parallel relation with respect to the long axis of the article.
  • the article is elongated, narrow and flat, being laterally at least two times as wide as it is thick and is composed of at least two filaments.
  • the longitudinal dimension of the narrow, fiat article can be any suitable length. While there is no definite upper limit for the denier of the article with bands having deniers in excess of a million being contemplated, the denier of the article for practical reasons should be at least 15.
  • the yarn from which the article is made have little or no twist, although the yarn can exhibit some twist without adverse effect.
  • the individual filaments are fused together by means of a treatment with a suitable bonding agent, such as chloral hydrate or a multi-hydroxybenzene compound.
  • a suitable bonding agent such as chloral hydrate or a multi-hydroxybenzene compound.
  • the bonding agent preferably in solution, is applied to the yarn.
  • the application of the bonding agent is made while the yarn is traveling longitudinally. Pressure of about 0.5 to 100 pounds per square inch and heat at about 50 to 250 C. are applied to the yarn shortly after the application of the bonding agent to unite the filamentary material at points along the length thereof and to induce evaporation and removal of the solvent of the bonding agent.
  • the resultant straw-like structure possesses a coherency among the strands that is difficult to overcome without 3,38%,fi25 Patented June 11, 1968 the performance of considerable work. Any residual bondinducing agent on the structure is not obnoxious and does not appreciably interfere with the dyeability of the fabric. While the resultant straw-like structure can be used without further processing in the construction of fabric by braiding, plaiting, knitting, or weaving, additional but optional treatments may be employed, such as washing, bleaching, dyeing, applying a softening agent, or the like. Fabric made from the straw-like structure can be used in making hats, bags, shoe uppers, curtains, artificial grass, carpets, upholstery, etc.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic perspective view of apparatus suitable for use in carrying out the method of the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of a straw-like structure of the invention.
  • a package of yarn 10 wrapped about bobbin 12 is provided as a convenient source of a strand or bundle 14 of nylon filaments.
  • the bundle of filaments can be unrolled from the bobbin or withdrawn overend.
  • the bundle 14 can be advanced directly from a filament-forming machine involving spinning and drawing operations Without any intermediate package being formed.
  • the longitudinal movement of the bundle can be controlled by the use of a yarn forwarding device.
  • a pair of driven nipforming rolls 16 are operated at a predetermined peripheral speed to deliver the bundle of filaments at a controlled rate and tension from the source of supply thereof.
  • the bundle of filaments is then passed over the surface of an applicator block 18, through Which sufiicient bonding agent is supplied from metering pump 20 to wet the bundle.
  • sufiicient bonding agent is supplied from metering pump 20 to wet the bundle.
  • a simple wick arrangement may replace pump 20, but generally the pump gives much better control at high speed operation.
  • Wetted bundle 14 is next passed a plurality of times around forwarding rolls 22 and 24, the axes of which are at a slight angle to provide proper advancement of the bundle 14, as is well known in the handling of textile strands.
  • a pinch roll 26 squeezes the bundle against roll 22, ensuring the flattening of normally rounded bundle of filaments into a tape-like configuration as shown in FIGURE 2.
  • At least one of rolls 22, 24 and 26 is heated, to produce bonds between the parallel filaments and evaporate the bonding agent solvent, if any. It has been discovered that a superior and more straw-like article is produced if the bundle is positively squeezed while heat is being applied; thus preferably one or both of rolls 22 and 25 is heated in any conventional manner, as by incorporating an electrical heater within the rolls.
  • the finished flattened and bonded bundle is now taken up in an orderly fashion, as on the schematically illustrated bobbin 28.
  • FIGURE 2 it is seen that the bundle of filaments after the thermo-chemical treatment is in the form of a thin, fiat narrow strip but that the individual filaments have not lost their identity.
  • the product possesses substantial longitudinal strength, as well as lateral strength.
  • Dihydroxybenzene bond-inducing agents which can be employed include resorcinol, hydroquinone, and pyrocatechol.
  • the trihydroxybenzenes include pyrogallol, for example. Chloral hydrate has been found to give excellent results.
  • the agents are not limited to the specifically enumerated compounds since derivatives of the foregoing specific compounds also can be used to develop a strong coherency between the individual nylon filaments.
  • the bonding agents are solid at room temperature; and for best results they are rendered fiuent before being applied to the filaments in order that the filaments can be more uniformly coated therewith.
  • the compounds can be melted before application. However, the preferred procedure is to dissolve the compounds in a suitable volatile solvent.
  • Dihydroxybenzenes, trihydroxybenzenes, and chloral hydrate generally are readily soluble in water, common alcohols (methanol, ethanol, etc.) and ethers (dimethyl ether and the like). These compounds dissolved in such solvents or other solvents can be conveniently applied to the bundle of filaments in a variety of ways.
  • the compounds can be sprayed, brushed, rolled, padded or applied to the bundle of filaments in other similar ways.
  • the addition of the compound can be uniform along the length of the bundle of filaments, or for economic reasons can be made only at certain spaced points along the length of the bundle.
  • a predetermined amount of the bonding agent is dissolved in methanol.
  • a solution containing about 5 to 80 percent bonding agent on a weight basis gives excellent results.
  • the preferred concentration of the bonding agent in the solution is about 20 to 60 weight percent.
  • concentration of the compound selected, as can be perceived, will depend on many factors such as the method of application, the proportion of the liquid picked up by the bundle of filaments, the bundle, etc.
  • the temperature of the compound when applied to the bundle of filaments is not too important. It has been found that room temperature is quite satisfactory as long as the compound is fluent when applied, although higher and lower temperatures can be employed.
  • the bundle of filaments picks up an amount of the bonding agent sufiicient to effect a strong coherency of the bundle of filaments.
  • the amount of bonding agent applied to the bundle of filaments prior to heating can be varied within relatively broad limits, depending upon the thickness and weight of the structure, the nature and characteristics of the particular nylon filaments employed, the individual properties of the bondinducing agent employed, the physical properties desired in the final straw-like structure, and so forth. Within the broader aspects of the invention from about 5 to 80 weight percent bonding agent can be added on a dry basis.
  • the bundle of filaments carrying the bond-inducing agents it is necessary to heat the bundle of filaments carrying the bond-inducing agents in order to effect a strong cohesion of the filaments.
  • Heating of the filaments at an elevated temperature is feasible by means of radiation, convection, or conduction.
  • the heat is supplied to the bundle of filaments by contact with a heated surface supplied by a heated rotating yarn forwarding roll or rolls.
  • the temperature of the strands is raised to about 50 to 250 C., pref erably 50450 C., this being below the melting point of the nylon filaments.
  • the bundle of filaments is positively laterally pressed in order to effect a better cohesion of the bundle of filaments and to shape the bundle into a straw-like structure.
  • the resultant straw-like structure is cooled prior to any further operation that undesirably would disturb the individual filaments of which the structure is composed.
  • the cooling can be quickly accomplished by directly applying a coolant thereto. However, merely allowing the strands to reach equilibrium with room temperature is quite satisfactory. After cooling, the resulting structure can be used in the construction of textile articles normally made of straw or artilical straw.
  • the filaments are composed of nylon.
  • nylon is a long-chain synthetic polymeric amide which has recurring amide groups as an integral part of the main molecular chain, and Which is capable of being formed into a filament in which the structural elements are oriented in the direction of the axis.
  • Specific types of nylon from which the filaments can be manufactured include nylon-66 (polyhexamethylene adipamide), nylon-6 (polymeric E-aminocaproic acid), nylon-610 (polyhexamethylene sebacamide), nylon-4, nylon-7, nylon-11, etc., and various fiber-forming copolymers thereof.
  • the number of nylon filaments which can be bonded together by the practice of the present invention to obtain the straw-like structure can range from two to any suitable number of filaments including tow.
  • the cross section of the filaments may be round, but the cross section can be multi-lobal, multi-faceted or the like.
  • a bundle of filaments wherein the filaments have a hexalobal cross sec tion can be shaped into a very dense straw-like structure since the lobes of the filaments will nest into the con cavities of adjacent filaments.
  • Example I A drawn continuous filament nylon-66 yarn composed of filaments and having a total denier of 840 was unwound from a bobbin through a tensioning device at a rate of feet per minute. The yarn was moved across an applicator issuing an aqueous solution containing 66 weight percent chloral hydrate. The yarn then was passed 6 times around a 4" diameter internally heated feed roll 22 maintained at 180 0., having a peripheral speed of 180 feet per minute. A pinch roll 26 squeezed the yarn sufiicient to flatten it to the configuration shown in FIG- URE 2. The yarn leaving the feed roll was wound up on a bobbin in a conventional way. The resultant structure had a straw-like appearance and texture. The longitudinal strength of the structure was 8 grams per denier. The lateral strength was also excellent.
  • Example H instead of employing nylon-66 yarn, nylon-6 yarn was used. The same procedure as set forth in Example I was followed. Similarly excellent nylon artificial straw was obtained.
  • Example III nstead of employing chloral hydrate, a 35 percent aqeous solution of pyrocatechol was employed as the bondinducing agent. Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example I was followed. Similarly excellent nylon artificial straw was obtained.
  • Example IV instead of employing chloral hydrate, a 35 percent aqueous solution of hydroquinone was employed as the bond-inducing agent. Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example I 'was followed. Similarly excellent nylon artificial straw was obtained.
  • Example V instead of employing chloral hydrate, a 35 percent aqueous solution of pyrogallol was employed as the bondinducing agent. Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example I was followed. Similarly excellent nylon artificial straw was obtained.
  • Example VI instead of employing chloral hydrate, a 35 percent aqueous solution of resorcinol was employed as the bondinducing agent. Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example I was followed. Similarly exccllent nylon artificial straw was obtained.
  • methanol ethanol and diethyl ether can be used. Moreover, the use of a solvent may be omitted entirely.
  • a non-woven, thin, fiat, narrow band or straw-like structure of nylon is provided.
  • the procedure is simple and inexpensive.
  • the straw-like structure can be braided, plaited or woven into articles of manufacture such as bags, hats, etc. Other advantages may be noted.
  • Apparatus comprising in combination:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US251879A 1963-01-16 1963-01-16 Apparatus for forming a flat narrow strip of parallel bonded filaments Expired - Lifetime US3388025A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US251879A US3388025A (en) 1963-01-16 1963-01-16 Apparatus for forming a flat narrow strip of parallel bonded filaments
GB1065/64A GB1023891A (en) 1963-01-16 1964-01-09 Artificial straw article and manufacturing process therefor
LU45201D LU45201A1 (un) 1963-01-16 1964-01-11
NL6400212A NL6400212A (un) 1963-01-16 1964-01-14
DE19641479454 DE1479454A1 (de) 1963-01-16 1964-01-14 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von strohartigen Produkten
CH43464A CH434545A (fr) 1963-01-16 1964-01-15 Procédé de fabrication d'un fil en simili-paille en filaments synthétiques, produit obtenu et appareil utilisé
FR960486A FR1380099A (fr) 1963-01-16 1964-01-16 Procédé de fabrication d'un article simili-paille en filaments synthétiques, produits obtenus et appareils utilisés
BE642592A BE642592A (un) 1963-01-16 1964-01-16

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US251879A US3388025A (en) 1963-01-16 1963-01-16 Apparatus for forming a flat narrow strip of parallel bonded filaments

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3388025A true US3388025A (en) 1968-06-11

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US251879A Expired - Lifetime US3388025A (en) 1963-01-16 1963-01-16 Apparatus for forming a flat narrow strip of parallel bonded filaments

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US (1) US3388025A (un)
BE (1) BE642592A (un)
CH (1) CH434545A (un)
DE (1) DE1479454A1 (un)
GB (1) GB1023891A (un)
LU (1) LU45201A1 (un)
NL (1) NL6400212A (un)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762142A (en) * 1970-03-03 1973-10-02 O Rasmussen Yarnlike product kept together by circumjacent polymer material, and a method and an apparatus for producing said product
US4640861A (en) * 1984-06-07 1987-02-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fiber reinforced thermoplastic material

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4303716A (en) * 1980-11-14 1981-12-01 Armstrong World Industries Decorative surface articles

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2044135A (en) * 1928-11-21 1936-06-16 Celanese Corp Production of artificial textile materials
US2870055A (en) * 1955-11-14 1959-01-20 Eastman Kodak Co Process for forming weftless ribbon
DE1082222B (de) * 1956-10-20 1960-05-25 Toyo Rayon Co Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung von zusammenhaltendem Garn aus synthetischen Faeden
US3010858A (en) * 1959-03-27 1961-11-28 Chicopee Mfg Company Fibrous structures and methods of making the same
US3014830A (en) * 1958-04-09 1961-12-26 Chicopee Mfg Corp Methods of bonding fibrous structures
US3117888A (en) * 1960-01-18 1964-01-14 Johns Manville Method and apparatus for treating filamentary material
US3151011A (en) * 1960-12-05 1964-09-29 Celanese Corp Process for making ribbons

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2044135A (en) * 1928-11-21 1936-06-16 Celanese Corp Production of artificial textile materials
US2870055A (en) * 1955-11-14 1959-01-20 Eastman Kodak Co Process for forming weftless ribbon
DE1082222B (de) * 1956-10-20 1960-05-25 Toyo Rayon Co Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung von zusammenhaltendem Garn aus synthetischen Faeden
US3014830A (en) * 1958-04-09 1961-12-26 Chicopee Mfg Corp Methods of bonding fibrous structures
US3010858A (en) * 1959-03-27 1961-11-28 Chicopee Mfg Company Fibrous structures and methods of making the same
US3117888A (en) * 1960-01-18 1964-01-14 Johns Manville Method and apparatus for treating filamentary material
US3151011A (en) * 1960-12-05 1964-09-29 Celanese Corp Process for making ribbons

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762142A (en) * 1970-03-03 1973-10-02 O Rasmussen Yarnlike product kept together by circumjacent polymer material, and a method and an apparatus for producing said product
US4640861A (en) * 1984-06-07 1987-02-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fiber reinforced thermoplastic material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1023891A (en) 1966-03-30
NL6400212A (un) 1964-07-17
LU45201A1 (un) 1964-07-11
BE642592A (un) 1964-07-16
DE1479454A1 (de) 1969-07-10
CH434545A (fr) 1967-04-30

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