US3374595A - Reinforced concrete reinforcement for highly stressed structural components - Google Patents

Reinforced concrete reinforcement for highly stressed structural components Download PDF

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Publication number
US3374595A
US3374595A US513778A US51377865A US3374595A US 3374595 A US3374595 A US 3374595A US 513778 A US513778 A US 513778A US 51377865 A US51377865 A US 51377865A US 3374595 A US3374595 A US 3374595A
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United States
Prior art keywords
reinforcement
pegs
shear
elements
yoke
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US513778A
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English (en)
Inventor
Heiwolt Gerhard
Voss Guenter
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Salzgitter Industriebau GmbH
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Salzgitter Industriebau GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
    • E04C5/04—Mats
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/0636—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts
    • E04C5/064—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts the reinforcing elements in each plane being formed by, or forming a, mat of longitunal and transverse bars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups

Definitions

  • a reinforcement arrangement for concrete bodies, particularly for tunnel arches and the like comprising in combination, a plurality of longitudinally arrayed outer arched unitary reinforcing elements each provided with inwardly projecting elongated pegs, a plurality of longitudinally arrayed inner arched unitary reinforcing elements each received with spacing within the confines of one of the outer elements and having outwardly projecting elongated pegs, and reinforcing filler means interposed between respective sets composed of an inner and an outer arched element, the pegs meshing with the filler means whereby, when the arrangement is embedded in a body of hardened concrete the pegs interconnect the elements of the sets and the filler means in shear-resistant relationship.
  • the present invention concerns a reinforced concrete reinforcement for highly stressed structural components, such as tunnel arches, with the reinforcement steel rods arranged in layers.
  • Conventional reinforcement in tunnel construction comprise an outer and an inner layer of round steel rod reinforcement.
  • the two layers are interconnected by means of a yoke reinforcement to receive shearing forces.
  • the yokes span the two reinforcement layers.
  • the two reinforcement layers are each joined into a net by means of distribution irons.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned deficiencies.
  • the individual layers comprise juxtaposed prefabricated steel elements having pegs secured thereon at an angle, which are also inserted through meshes of structural steel mats also prefabricated and laid longitudinally of the steel elements, and furthermore the layers, after the concrete has set, are interconnected so as to be shear resistant.
  • the prefabricated steel elements are in the form of fiat steel bars. This ensures that all elements of the united reinforcement are adapted to be inserted successively in the form of prefabricated structural components without having to hange over repeatedly the reinforecment components already installed during the completion of the united rein-forecrnent, as has been necessary when using known reinforcement.
  • this provides the advantage that for strong reinforcement prefabricated reinforcement mats of large area may be used, since the steel strips which are used in consideration of the anti-shear anchor welded thereon may be added to the necessary proportion of reinforcement of the mats.
  • the shear resistant connection of the layers is obtained by the fact that the pegs of the opposing layers project towards, so as to overlap, one another. This is particularly simple form of shear resistant connection.
  • the shear resistant connection between the layers in set concrete is constituted by prefabricated bent steel reinforcements. It is thus possible to use reinforcement rods assembled into a basket-like configuration or reinforcement rods or even strip-like curved reinforcement rods can be used.
  • the reinforcements in accordance with the invention may be shaped to accommodate all irregular surfaces in the tunnel or any other structural site, resulting from the excavation of the tunnel or the temporary tunnel lining inserted.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section partly in elevation showing a preferred form of reinforcement in accordance with the invention for incorporation within the concrete lining of a tunnel roof;
  • FIG. 2a is a composite view, the upper part of which is a sectional elevation and the lower part of which is a plan of a detail, showing one suitable type of yoke basket which may be used in the embodiment of FIG. 1
  • FIGS. 2b and 2c are both composite views, similar to FIG. 2a showing alternative yoke basket structures
  • FIGS. 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d are respectively fragmentary views of details in vertical section showing alternative antishear peg constructions.
  • FIGS. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4a are respectively fragmentary vertical sectional elevations showing alternative overlapping arrangements of the anti-shear pegs in the shear resistant connections between two layers of reinforcement in accordance with the invention.
  • the reinforcement illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises steel strips 1 with anti-shear pegs 2 welded thereon. These steel strips are first applied against the excavated inner tunnel surface as external ring of reinforcement. Then the prefalbricated reinforcement mats of the external reinforcement 3 are so placed on the steel strip that the anti-shear pegs of the steel strips project through the meshes of the mats.
  • the anti-shear pegs welded in position to increase the tear-out strength may be provided with an additional reinforcement coil 8.
  • the prefabricated yoke baskets 4 are inserted over the row of anti-shear pegs 2 of the steel strips 1 so that the anti-shear pegs extend into the yoke baskets.
  • Prefabricated reinforcement mats 5 are placed over the completely assembled and installed yoke baskets 4. To complete the assembly steel strips 6 with anti-shear pegs 7 3 welded thereon in the same way as the steel strips 1 are placed over the reinforcement mats 5, so that the antishear pegs project through the mesh of the mats into the yoke baskets 4.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates various different embodiments of the yoke baskets shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2a shows an arrangement in which the yoke baskets correspond to those shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows the use of mounting reinforcements in form of substantially ring-shaped reinforcing rods 9 which are secured to the individual yoke baskets 4 in suitable manner.
  • FIG. 2b illustrates a modified embodiment wherein the yoke baskets are not comprised of a plurality of individual frame-shaped assemblies or sections, but where, as the lower portion of FIG. 2b shows, the yoke basket associated with each set of strips 1 and 6 is of one-piece construction and consists of a reinforcing rod or the like which is bent into a series of successive rectangular convolutions 10.
  • the use of the mounting reinforcements 9 of FIG. 2a which in the latter figure were necessary to secure the individual yoke baskets 4 together, is not required and consequently these mounting reinforcements 9 are omitted in FIG. 2b.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 2c corresponds to that of FIG. 2b.
  • a portion of the yoke basket consisting of the convolutions 11 is illustrated in the lower part of FIG. 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows in fragmentary views a plurality of different anti-shear peg embodiments.
  • FIG. 3a shows an anti-shear peg which corresponds to that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. This, therefore, is not believed to require any detailed explanation.
  • FIG. 3b shows a construction in which the shear peg 2a is provided with a disc which constitutes the innermost head of the peg and which is adjustable in longitudinal direction of the latter, for instance by non-illustrated screw threads or the like.
  • FIG. 30 differs from FIG. 3b in that the anti-shear peg 2b illustrated in FIG. 3 is provided with a hexagonal nut in place of the disc shown in FIG. 3b. The nut shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 30 is also adjustable in longitudinal direction of the peg 2b as is suggested by the fact that, in the same manner as in FIG. 3b but unlike the illustration in FIG. 3a, a portion of the peg 2b is seen to he projecting downwardly beyond the nut.
  • FIG. 3d shows the anti-shear peg 20 to be provided with a lower hooked end portion instead of the disc or nut illustrated in FIGS. 3a3c.
  • the hooked end portion of the peg 20 can be hooked over a portion of the novel construction and this can then serve to etfect connection in the desired manner. It is also to be noted that in FIGS.
  • the length of the anti-shear pegs is different, and this length can be varied at will and in accordance with the particular requirements of an individual application.
  • the length of the pegs provided on the elements 1 and 6, respectively is such l that the inner ends of the respective pegs project past one another, that is overlap one another.
  • FIG. 4 shows in several fragmentary vertical sectional elevations how the inner ends of the anti-shear pegs can be overlapped.
  • FIG. 4a illustrates anti-shear pegs 2c and 70 corresponding to those shown in FIG. 3d. No specific explanation will be required because FIG. 4a is self-explanatory. This is also true of FIG. 4b where the shear pegs 2 and 7 will be seen to correspond to the ones illustrated in FIG. 2a.
  • FIG. 4c shows a further possible embodiment of the anti-shear pegs, here illustrated with reference numeral 2d in the case of element 1 and 7d in the case of element 6. Again, the inner end portions of the anti-shear pegs are hook-shaped.
  • FIG. 4a shows anti-shear pegs 2d and 7d, respectively, which correspond largely to those illustrated in FIG. 4c.
  • FIG. 4d differs from FIG. 40, however, in that the pegs 2d and 7d are longer than those shown in FIG. 40 so that at least the peg 2d is hooked over the reinforcing rod located exteriorly of the mat 5, rather than interiorly as the case in FIG. 40.
  • a reinforcement arrangement for concrete bodies comprising in combination, a plurality of longitudinally arrayed outer arched unitary reinforcing elements each provided with inwardly projecting elongated pegs; a plurality of longitudinally arrayed inner arched unitary reinforcing elements each received with spacing within the confines of one of said outer elements and having outwardly projecting elongated pegs; and reinforcing filler means interposed between respective sets composed of an inner and an outer arched element, said pegs meshing with said filler means whereby, when said arrangement is embedded in a body of hardened concrete, said pegs interconnect said elements of said sets and said filler means in shear-resistant relationship.
  • said filler rneans comprises a plurality of assemblies at least one associated with each of said sets, and extending from one to the other of said elements of the associated set of elements.
  • filler means further comprises reinforcing mats interposed 1,171,379 2/1961 Germany.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
US513778A 1964-12-18 1965-12-14 Reinforced concrete reinforcement for highly stressed structural components Expired - Lifetime US3374595A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES0094695 1964-12-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3374595A true US3374595A (en) 1968-03-26

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US513778A Expired - Lifetime US3374595A (en) 1964-12-18 1965-12-14 Reinforced concrete reinforcement for highly stressed structural components

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3374595A (de)
AT (1) AT253750B (de)
CH (1) CH445798A (de)
DE (1) DE1484979A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1459561A (de)
GB (1) GB1112660A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995025859A1 (de) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-28 Zellner, Wilhelm Stütze aus stahlbeton
US20030029111A1 (en) * 2001-08-07 2003-02-13 Akio Yabuuchi Joint structure of steel plate concrete structure
EP3521556A1 (de) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-07 ICW Ingenieur Consult Würzburg Peter Hofstetter Multifunktionsrahmen im tunnelbau

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT378574B (de) * 1983-10-19 1985-08-26 Avi Alpenlaendische Vered Fachwerkartig ausgebildeter ausbaurahmen fuer stollen, tunnel od.dgl.
IES20100101A2 (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-27 Maurice O'brien A construction system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB779478A (en) * 1955-01-18 1957-07-24 Werf Gusto V H A F Smulders Fa Shaft lining
GB865535A (en) * 1956-05-08 1961-04-19 Gutehoffnungshuette Sterkrade Improvements relating to linings for mine or other shafts or tunnels
GB945258A (en) * 1960-08-04 1963-12-23 Maurice John Gleeson Improvements in or relating to arches
DE1171379B (de) * 1961-02-02 1964-06-04 Wayss & Freytag Ag Gepanzerter Betontuebbing

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB779478A (en) * 1955-01-18 1957-07-24 Werf Gusto V H A F Smulders Fa Shaft lining
GB865535A (en) * 1956-05-08 1961-04-19 Gutehoffnungshuette Sterkrade Improvements relating to linings for mine or other shafts or tunnels
GB945258A (en) * 1960-08-04 1963-12-23 Maurice John Gleeson Improvements in or relating to arches
DE1171379B (de) * 1961-02-02 1964-06-04 Wayss & Freytag Ag Gepanzerter Betontuebbing

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995025859A1 (de) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-28 Zellner, Wilhelm Stütze aus stahlbeton
US20030029111A1 (en) * 2001-08-07 2003-02-13 Akio Yabuuchi Joint structure of steel plate concrete structure
EP3521556A1 (de) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-07 ICW Ingenieur Consult Würzburg Peter Hofstetter Multifunktionsrahmen im tunnelbau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1459561A (fr) 1966-11-18
CH445798A (de) 1967-10-31
AT253750B (de) 1967-04-25
GB1112660A (en) 1968-05-08
DE1484979A1 (de) 1969-05-14

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