US3372305A - Silicon carbide igniter - Google Patents

Silicon carbide igniter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3372305A
US3372305A US542939A US54293966A US3372305A US 3372305 A US3372305 A US 3372305A US 542939 A US542939 A US 542939A US 54293966 A US54293966 A US 54293966A US 3372305 A US3372305 A US 3372305A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
igniter
silicon carbide
elongated members
elongated
end portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US542939A
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English (en)
Inventor
Anthony R Mikulec
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kennecott Corp
Original Assignee
Carborundum Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US542939A priority Critical patent/US3372305A/en
Application filed by Carborundum Co filed Critical Carborundum Co
Priority to NO167515A priority patent/NO115938B/no
Priority to FR100815A priority patent/FR1515770A/fr
Priority to BE696305D priority patent/BE696305A/xx
Priority to CH450267A priority patent/CH471350A/fr
Priority to GB14550/67A priority patent/GB1104054A/en
Priority to DE1629895A priority patent/DE1629895C3/de
Priority to NL6705291.A priority patent/NL156232B/xx
Priority to SE5299/67A priority patent/SE306128B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3372305A publication Critical patent/US3372305A/en
Assigned to KENNECOTT CORPORATION reassignment KENNECOTT CORPORATION MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DEC. 31, 1980 NORTH DAKOTA Assignors: BEAR CREEK MINING COMPANY, BEAR TOOTH MINING COMPANY, CARBORUNDUM COMPANY THE, CHASE BRASS & COPPER CO. INCORPORATED, KENNECOTT EXPLORATION, INC., KENNECOTT REFINING CORPORATION, KENNECOTT SALES CORPORATION, OZARK LEAD COMPANY, PLAMBEAU MINING CORPORATION, RIDGE MINING CORPORATION (ALL MERGED INTO)
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/22—Details

Definitions

  • This invention relates to igniters and more particularly to a new and improved silicon carbide igniter element employed in fuel oil and gas ignition systems.
  • igniter devices for fuel burning systems, it has been known to employ high tension sparkgap types of igniters which require a high voltage and therefore step-up transformers.
  • Another known type of igniter is a low voltage platinum coil which is not only very fragile, but also requires a step-down transformer.
  • silicon carbide igniters Because of their desirable characteristics such as their ability to withstand exceedingly high operating temperatures without disintegration or material deterioration. Furthermore, they are non-corrosive and substantially inert to the destructive effects of fuel combustion products.
  • the general purpose of the present invention is to obviate the above disadvantages by providing an igniter which is more dependable, more readily reproduced, costs less, is physically strengthened due to its construction, and requires only a common line voltage.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a silicon carbide igniter element constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention with a portion thereof broken away to more clearly show the structure thereof;
  • FIG. 2 is an end elevational view of the igniter element as shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the resistance body per se, showing an electrical conducting metal coated adjacent one end thereof;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the assembled igniter element shown mounted in a split-clip type contact.
  • a pair of diametrically opposed slots are cut through the radial wall thickness of body 10 extending from the face of end portion 12 and terminating substantially midway of the length of said body to form two substantially semi-circular, laterally spaced trough members or legs 16 and 18.
  • a pair of closely spaced spiral slots are cut through the wall thickness of body 10 extending from the ends of the legs 16 and 18, respectively, axially toward end portion 14 to form a pair of helical bands 20 and 22 (see FIG. 3).
  • Helical band 20 extends longitudinally from leg 16 to end portion 14 and helical band 22 extends longitudinally from leg 18 to end portion 14. It should be appreciated that the principles of this invention contemplate shorter or longer axial lengths of legs 16 and 18 and/or bands 20 and 22, if desired. It will be seen that a continuous path is provided for electrical current through leg 16, helical band 20, end portion 14, helical band 22 and leg 18.
  • a high temperature, ceramic support tube 24 composed of a material such as alumina or mullite by way of example, is provided within resistance body 10, said tube commencing inwardly from end portion 12 as shown in FIG. 1, extending axially through the resistance body 10 and terminating slightly beyond end portion 14.
  • Support tube 24 is secured at either end thereof to the body It ⁇ by means of an adhesive material 28 preferably of a suitable ceramic cement having a high dielectric strength.
  • the coating may be sprayed onto legs 16 and 18 or it may be applied in any other conventional manner well-known in the art.
  • a polarizing key 26 is disposed between legs 16 and 18 adjacent end portion 12, said key being substantially flush with both the face of end portion 12 and the bottom of the periphery of the resistance body 10 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, respectively, while protruding radially beyond the periphery of said body at the top thereof.
  • the terms bottom and top are employed in connection with FIG. 4 and, as used herein, are applied only for convenience of description and should not be taken as limiting the scope of this invention.
  • key 26 can be extended to protrude radially beyond both the top and bottom of body 10, if desired.
  • the end face of the support tube 24 adjacent end portion 12 engages polarizing key 26. As shown in FIG.
  • polarizing key 26 is secured between legs 16 and 18 by means of an adhesive material 28, such materials preferably being a ceramic cement having a high dielectric strength. It should be noted that the cement encloses that portion of the key disposed within body 10 and extends from said key in the slots defined by legs 16 and 18 for a substantial distance towards the spiral area to provide added strength and adherence qualities to the igniter element.
  • End portion 12 of body 10 is adapted to be mounted within a split-clip type of contact 32 comprising a pair of resilient, metallic prongs 34 having arcuate shaped portions 36, respectively, complementary to the outer cylindrical surfaces of the legs 16 and 18.
  • the clip which is adapted to be mounted within the combustion chamber 3 of a fuel burning mechanism by means of suitable screws 38, provides a long life electrical connection as well as a mechanical means for maintaining the desired igniter orientation.
  • the clip is composed of any suitable metal, such as heat treated stainless steel or a high chrome, nickel-base, heat resistant alloy as Inconel X by Way of example, so that high temperature strength and compatibility is maintained with the aluminum metallizing on the resistance body 10.
  • suitable metal such as heat treated stainless steel or a high chrome, nickel-base, heat resistant alloy as Inconel X by Way of example, so that high temperature strength and compatibility is maintained with the aluminum metallizing on the resistance body 10.
  • the smaller cross sections of bands 20 and 22 relative to legs 16 and 18 form a high temperature or hot portion which is the effective heating portion of the element while the remainder of the element remains relatively cool. Due to the positive temperature coefficient inherent in the silicon carbide resistance body at elevated temperatures, the igniter element exhibits a temperature limiting feature which allows for a steady state operation over a prolonged period of time.
  • a switch may be activated to prevent any further heating of the igniter element.
  • various control arrangements may be designed to provide refinements in energizing and controlling the igniter element in a timed relationship in conjunction with a fuel supply means in fuel burning mechanisms.
  • a new and improved silicon carbide igniter is provided for fuel combustion systems, said igniter being provided with termination at one end only to appreciably shorten and miniaturize the length thereof, thus keeping the critical working or hot portion only within the area of the flame.
  • Cool termination is desirable to preclude oxidation of the electrically conductive sprayed end and the electrical contact.
  • a polarizing key proper orientation of the termination end is insured and shorting out by careless installation is prevented.
  • the support tube By the provision of the support tube, a more reliable and durable igniter is obtained.
  • a further advantage is the bonding of the support tube to the resistance body with a ceramic cement which is also deposited in the diametrically opposed slots of the resistance body to improve the overall unit strength and ruggedness.
  • An igniter element comprising: an elongated hollow body composed of a non-metallic resistance material having a first portion comprising a pair of laterally spaced elongated members having outer surfaces and a second portion comprising a pair of spaced helical bands connected to and extending longitudinally from said elongated members, respectively, and terminating in an end portion; an elongated support member disposed within said body and secured adjacent the opposite ends thereof to said body with adhesive material; a coating of electrical conducting material deposited on said outer surfaces of said elongated members adjacent the ends thereof remote from said helical bands; and a polarizing key secured with said adhesive material between said elongated members adjacent the ends thereof remote from said helical bands.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US542939A 1966-04-15 1966-04-15 Silicon carbide igniter Expired - Lifetime US3372305A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US542939A US3372305A (en) 1966-04-15 1966-04-15 Silicon carbide igniter
FR100815A FR1515770A (fr) 1966-04-15 1967-03-30 Allumeur en carbure de silicium
BE696305D BE696305A (en0) 1966-04-15 1967-03-30
CH450267A CH471350A (fr) 1966-04-15 1967-03-30 Allumeur de brûleur
NO167515A NO115938B (en0) 1966-04-15 1967-03-30
GB14550/67A GB1104054A (en) 1966-04-15 1967-03-30 Silicon carbide igniter
DE1629895A DE1629895C3 (de) 1966-04-15 1967-04-08 Zündvorrichtung fur flüssige oder gasförmige Brennstoffe
NL6705291.A NL156232B (nl) 1966-04-15 1967-04-14 Elektrisch verhitbaar element, omvattende een lichaam van dicht, herkristalliseerd siliciumcarbide.
SE5299/67A SE306128B (en0) 1966-04-15 1967-04-17

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US542939A US3372305A (en) 1966-04-15 1966-04-15 Silicon carbide igniter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3372305A true US3372305A (en) 1968-03-05

Family

ID=24165916

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US542939A Expired - Lifetime US3372305A (en) 1966-04-15 1966-04-15 Silicon carbide igniter

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3372305A (en0)
BE (1) BE696305A (en0)
CH (1) CH471350A (en0)
DE (1) DE1629895C3 (en0)
FR (1) FR1515770A (en0)
GB (1) GB1104054A (en0)
NL (1) NL156232B (en0)
NO (1) NO115938B (en0)
SE (1) SE306128B (en0)

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3458766A (en) * 1968-04-22 1969-07-29 Emerson Electric Co Electrical resistance igniter for gas
US3467812A (en) * 1967-03-29 1969-09-16 Carborundum Co Igniter-thermistor assembly
US3774077A (en) * 1971-07-08 1973-11-20 Itt Electrical ignition apparatus
US3792959A (en) * 1971-08-12 1974-02-19 Volcano Co Ltd Method and apparatus for igniting a burner
US3842319A (en) * 1972-02-04 1974-10-15 Tappan Co Gas igniter
US3859501A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-01-07 Squared R Element Company Inc Three-phase heating element
US3859500A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-01-07 Squared R Element Company Inc Heating element
US3875477A (en) * 1974-04-23 1975-04-01 Norton Co Silicon carbide resistance igniter
US3928910A (en) * 1972-09-18 1975-12-30 Tappan Co Gas igniter
USRE29853E (en) * 1972-09-18 1978-11-28 The Tappan Company Gas igniter
EP0007198A1 (en) * 1978-06-29 1980-01-23 Morganite Electroheat Limited Igniter
US4326122A (en) * 1980-07-14 1982-04-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Electric heater for nuclear fuel rod simulators
US4337498A (en) * 1978-01-27 1982-06-29 Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Small ignition device comprising string-like silicon carbide heating element affixed to terminal supports
US4426568A (en) 1981-05-21 1984-01-17 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Glow plug for diesel engines
US4475029A (en) * 1982-03-02 1984-10-02 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater
US4475030A (en) * 1981-09-25 1984-10-02 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Glow plug having resiliently mounted ceramic surface-ignition element
US4499366A (en) * 1982-11-25 1985-02-12 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater device
US4510389A (en) * 1981-10-17 1985-04-09 Fuji Electric Company, Ltd. Infrared film thickness gage
US4545339A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-10-08 Allied Corporation Glow plug having a conductive film heater
US5218751A (en) * 1992-06-29 1993-06-15 Eaton Corporation Method of making a resistance ignitor for igniting gaseous fuel
US5580834A (en) * 1993-02-10 1996-12-03 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon graphite composite material having interconnected pores which may be impregnated and raw batch and process for producing same
US5656563A (en) * 1993-02-10 1997-08-12 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Dense, self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon graphite composite
US5856651A (en) * 1998-04-06 1999-01-05 Surface Igniter Corporation Shield for a hot surface ignitor and method for fabricating a shield
US5968653A (en) * 1996-01-11 1999-10-19 The Morgan Crucible Company, Plc Carbon-graphite/silicon carbide composite article
US6007327A (en) * 1996-07-30 1999-12-28 Electrovac, Fabrikation Elektrotechnischer Spezial-Artikel Gesellschaft M.B.H. Combined temperature limiter and igniter
US6328913B1 (en) 1998-09-02 2001-12-11 Peter T. B. Shaffer Composite monolithic elements and methods for making such elements
US20040134093A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-07-15 Han In Hee Igniter and dryer therewith
US20040206856A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-10-21 Jose Cordero Adapter bracket for use with a gas igniter
US20070215591A1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2007-09-20 Surface Igniter Llc Mounting device gas igniter
US20110089161A1 (en) * 2008-06-06 2011-04-21 Sandvik Materials Technology Uk Limited Electrical Resistance Heating Element

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005029838B4 (de) * 2005-06-27 2019-08-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1951753A (en) * 1932-02-19 1934-03-20 Saint Gobain Electrical furnace
US2551341A (en) * 1949-11-22 1951-05-01 New Jersey Zinc Co Apparatus for thermal decomposition of metal halides
US2931431A (en) * 1960-04-05 Fuel burner and igniter arrangement
US3017540A (en) * 1957-10-29 1962-01-16 Ford Motor Co Glow plug igniter
US3336431A (en) * 1964-04-07 1967-08-15 United States Borax Chem Electric furnace

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2931431A (en) * 1960-04-05 Fuel burner and igniter arrangement
US1951753A (en) * 1932-02-19 1934-03-20 Saint Gobain Electrical furnace
US2551341A (en) * 1949-11-22 1951-05-01 New Jersey Zinc Co Apparatus for thermal decomposition of metal halides
US3017540A (en) * 1957-10-29 1962-01-16 Ford Motor Co Glow plug igniter
US3336431A (en) * 1964-04-07 1967-08-15 United States Borax Chem Electric furnace

Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3467812A (en) * 1967-03-29 1969-09-16 Carborundum Co Igniter-thermistor assembly
US3458766A (en) * 1968-04-22 1969-07-29 Emerson Electric Co Electrical resistance igniter for gas
US3774077A (en) * 1971-07-08 1973-11-20 Itt Electrical ignition apparatus
US3792959A (en) * 1971-08-12 1974-02-19 Volcano Co Ltd Method and apparatus for igniting a burner
US3842319A (en) * 1972-02-04 1974-10-15 Tappan Co Gas igniter
US3928910A (en) * 1972-09-18 1975-12-30 Tappan Co Gas igniter
USRE29853E (en) * 1972-09-18 1978-11-28 The Tappan Company Gas igniter
US3859500A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-01-07 Squared R Element Company Inc Heating element
US3859501A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-01-07 Squared R Element Company Inc Three-phase heating element
US3875477A (en) * 1974-04-23 1975-04-01 Norton Co Silicon carbide resistance igniter
US4337498A (en) * 1978-01-27 1982-06-29 Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Small ignition device comprising string-like silicon carbide heating element affixed to terminal supports
EP0007198A1 (en) * 1978-06-29 1980-01-23 Morganite Electroheat Limited Igniter
US4326122A (en) * 1980-07-14 1982-04-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Electric heater for nuclear fuel rod simulators
US4426568A (en) 1981-05-21 1984-01-17 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Glow plug for diesel engines
US4475030A (en) * 1981-09-25 1984-10-02 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Glow plug having resiliently mounted ceramic surface-ignition element
US4510389A (en) * 1981-10-17 1985-04-09 Fuji Electric Company, Ltd. Infrared film thickness gage
US4475029A (en) * 1982-03-02 1984-10-02 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater
US4545339A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-10-08 Allied Corporation Glow plug having a conductive film heater
US4499366A (en) * 1982-11-25 1985-02-12 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater device
US5218751A (en) * 1992-06-29 1993-06-15 Eaton Corporation Method of making a resistance ignitor for igniting gaseous fuel
US5580834A (en) * 1993-02-10 1996-12-03 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon graphite composite material having interconnected pores which may be impregnated and raw batch and process for producing same
US5656563A (en) * 1993-02-10 1997-08-12 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Dense, self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon graphite composite
US5707567A (en) * 1993-02-10 1998-01-13 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Process for producing a self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon graphite composite material having interconnected pores which maybe impregnated
US5976429A (en) * 1993-02-10 1999-11-02 The Morgan Crucible Company, Plc Process for producing dense, self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon-graphite composites
US5968653A (en) * 1996-01-11 1999-10-19 The Morgan Crucible Company, Plc Carbon-graphite/silicon carbide composite article
US6007327A (en) * 1996-07-30 1999-12-28 Electrovac, Fabrikation Elektrotechnischer Spezial-Artikel Gesellschaft M.B.H. Combined temperature limiter and igniter
US5856651A (en) * 1998-04-06 1999-01-05 Surface Igniter Corporation Shield for a hot surface ignitor and method for fabricating a shield
US6328913B1 (en) 1998-09-02 2001-12-11 Peter T. B. Shaffer Composite monolithic elements and methods for making such elements
US20040134093A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-07-15 Han In Hee Igniter and dryer therewith
EP1439260A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-07-21 LG Electronics, Inc. Igniter and dryer therewith
US7005612B2 (en) 2003-01-14 2006-02-28 Lg Electronics Inc. Igniter and dryer therewith
US20040206856A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-10-21 Jose Cordero Adapter bracket for use with a gas igniter
US20070215591A1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2007-09-20 Surface Igniter Llc Mounting device gas igniter
WO2007108868A3 (en) * 2006-03-20 2008-05-15 Surface Igniter Llc Mounting device gas igniter
US7626141B2 (en) 2006-03-20 2009-12-01 Surface Igniter Llc Mounting device gas igniter
CN101427075B (zh) * 2006-03-20 2011-05-18 表面点火装置有限责任公司 燃气点火器安装装置
US20110089161A1 (en) * 2008-06-06 2011-04-21 Sandvik Materials Technology Uk Limited Electrical Resistance Heating Element
US10129931B2 (en) * 2008-06-06 2018-11-13 Sandvik Materials Technology Uk Limited Electrical resistance heating element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1515770A (fr) 1968-03-01
NO115938B (en0) 1968-12-30
CH471350A (fr) 1969-04-15
SE306128B (en0) 1968-11-18
NL6705291A (en0) 1967-10-16
DE1629895C3 (de) 1978-11-16
BE696305A (en0) 1967-09-01
GB1104054A (en) 1968-02-21
DE1629895B2 (de) 1978-03-16
DE1629895A1 (de) 1971-03-11
NL156232B (nl) 1978-03-15

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: KENNECOTT CORPORATION

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:BEAR CREEK MINING COMPANY;BEAR TOOTH MINING COMPANY;CARBORUNDUM COMPANY THE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:003961/0672

Effective date: 19801230