US3370943A - Aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3370943A US3370943A US506396A US50639665A US3370943A US 3370943 A US3370943 A US 3370943A US 506396 A US506396 A US 506396A US 50639665 A US50639665 A US 50639665A US 3370943 A US3370943 A US 3370943A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- color
- anodizing
- aluminum
- extrusions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/14—Producing integrally coloured layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process for producing colored anodic oxide coatings on aluminum extrusions, and to an aluminum alloy adapted to receive such coatings.
- Color-anodizing processes employ aqueous electrolytes containing sulfate ions and any of certain aromatic sulfonic acids that are substituted with hydroxyl or carboxyl groups or combinations of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups.
- integrally colored anodic oxide coatings may be formed in colors ranging from light gold to black.
- the process may be applied to virtually any form of aluminum, but it is most often applied to sheets and extrusions, particularly sheets and extrusions employed for architectural purposes. This invention deals with such integrally colored coatings, and the term color-anodized or terms of similar import refer to integrally colored coatings.
- Metals suitable for extrusion usually have a different composition than metals suitable for rolling, and they respond differently to anodizing conditions. Even a series of articles made of the same metal may respond to anodizing differently due to different microstructures. A series of extrusions may differ due to slight differences in the thermal treatment of the extrusion or the billet from which it is formed, and these differences in structure produce different appearing anodized extrusions even though the billets from which the extrusions were formed had identical composition.
- the alloy designated as 6063 alloy by the Aluminum Association is a widely used extrusion alloy and it is very difiicult to color-anodize with black or other dark coatings.
- 6063 alloy by the Aluminum Association
- Another difliculty is that the appearance of anodized 6063 alloy is extremely sensitive to the thermal treatments to which the alloy is subjected before and during extrusion. In this regard, it should be pointed out that control of thermal conditions is extremely difiicult.
- This invention provides an alloy suitable for extrusion and for accepting a range of color-anodized coatings; and to a method capable of producing rich colors ranging from light gold to dark colors on extruded aluminum and additionally it provides a method for reducing the effect that variations in thermal treatments have on the response an alloy has to an anodizing process.
- this invention provides a means for coloranodizing extruded products in such a Way that the color of the product will depend almost entirely on the composition of the metal and the program employed to anodize it thereby giving close control over reproducibility of appearance, and in addition it provides a means for obtaining dark colored and even black anodic oxide coatings on extrusions while still retaining the ability to make light colors.
- the object of this invention is accomplished by providing an extrusion alloy containing from about 0.2 to about 0.6% silicon, up to 0.35% iron, from about 0.15 to about 0.5% copper, from about 0.1 to about 0.4% manganese, from about 0.4 to about 0.8% magnesium and the remainder substantially aluminum, preferably with the weight ratio of magnesium to silicon being between 1 and 2.
- a preferred alloy of this invention is one containing from about 0.3 %0 .4% siiicon, from about 0.l5%0.25% iron, from about 0.l5%-0.25% copper, from about 0.1%-0.2% manganese, from about 0.45%- 0.6% magnesium and the balance aluminum and normal impurities. All compositions stated in this specification and the following claims are on a weight percent basis unless stated otherwise.
- the above-specified alloy is homogenized and formed into an extruded shape.
- the extruded shape is immersed as the anode in an aqueous electrolyte which contains in solution from about 0.1% to 4% sulfuric acid or the equivalent amount of sulfate ion and from about 0.09 to about 0.7 gram moles per liter of an organic sulfonic acid substituted with hydroxyl, carboxyl or combinations of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups.
- Suitable organic acids include but are not limited to sulfosalicyclic acid, sulfophthalic acid, sulforesorcinol, and lignosulfonic acid.
- Anodizing is effected at conditions now well known to the color-anodizing art.
- the temperature of the electrolyte may range from near its freezing point to F. or substantially higher, the current density may range from about 10 to 100 amperes per square foot of surface being anodized, the voltage may range from about 30 to 130 volts and the time is that suflicient to produce the color and thickness of coating that is desired; usually less than minutes.
- Extrusions were made from several alloys that are useful as extrusion alloys and capable of being coloranodized. Prior to anodizing the alloys were subjected to two tempers that differed substantially from one another in order to compare the difference in color-anodizing response caused by varying thermal treatments of an alloy prior to extrusion. The alloys were also anodized by two difierent electrical programs which are both characteristic of those employed to color-anodize extrusions.
- the temper designated -T4 is one of the well known and standard tempers used through the aluminum industry with heat treatable aluminum alloys.
- the -T4 temper is obtained by solution heat treating and rapidly cooling the alloy after which it is aged at room temperature to a stable condition.
- the temper designated as -T6 is also a standard temper well known to the aluminum industry for use with a heat treatable alloy. It is imparted by solution treating an alloy after which it is artificially aged to approximately maximum tensile properties thereby producing a very strong and stable alloy.
- the alloy shown in Table 2 as 6063 alloy is a typical example of the 6063 alloy designated in the Aluminum Association classification of alloys.
- the specific alloy used contained 0.36% silicon, 0.2% iron, 0.005% copper, 0.004% manganese, 0.6% magnesium, 0.005% chromium, 0.01% zinc, 0.004% titanium, and the remainder substantially aluminum containing normal amounts of impurities.
- the other alloys of the examples are the same 6063 composition with the specified amounts of additional elements.
- an alloy designated 6063 plus 0.4% manganese and 0.2% copper is the 6063 composition set forth above, but containing 0.4% manganese instead of 0.004% manganese and 0.2% copper instead of 0.004% copper.
- Example 1 two anodizing programs are set forth.
- the first anodizing program is employed in all cases in Example 1 and the second anodizing program is employed in all cases in Example 2.
- Examples 1 and 2 set forth the response to various anodizing treatments to the designated alloys in both the -T4 and the -T6 temper.
- the color reported for the -T4 temper is a subjective observation which is accomplished by comparing the colors obtained with previously established color standards.
- the colors obtained on the speciments with -T6 temper are comparative with respect to the colors on specimens with -T4 temper. Thus, if the T4 temper produces a bronze color and the -T6 temper produces a lighter bronze color, the color produced on the -T6 temper is reported as lighter with respect to the color produced on the specimen with a -T4 temper.
- Example 1 Sulfuric acid (grams/liter) 5 5 Sulfosalicylie acid (gram moles/liter) 0. 45 0. 45 Temperature F.) 75 75 Initial current density (amperes/sq. it.) 24 27 Maximum vol 65 60 Anodizing time (minutes) 40 45 Total current quantity (amp. hrs/sq. ft.)- 12.0 19
- Example 2 The results obtained in Example 1 are set forth in Table 2:
- Example 2 also illustrates that the combination of the manganese-copper-containing extrusion alloy and the color-anodizing process of this invention can produce darker colored anodized extrusions, and extrusions which are far less sensitive to their thermal history with respect to color-anodizing response.
- An alloy useful for producing color-anodized extrusions consisting essentially of from about 0.2% to about 0.6% silicon, up to about 0.35% iron, about 0.2% copper, about 0.4% manganese, from about 0.4% to about 0.8% magnesium and the remainder aluminum and normal impurities.
- An alloy useful for producing color anodized extrusions consisting essentially of from about 0.2% to about 0.6% silicon, up to about 0.35% iron, from about 0.1% to about 0.2% manganese, from about 0.15% to about 0.5% copper, from about 0.4% to about 0.8% magnesium, the remainder, aluminum and normal impurities.
- An alloy useful for producing color anodized extrusions consisting essentially of from about 0.2% to about 0.6% silicon, up to about 0.35% iron, from about 0.2% to about 0.4% manganese, from about 0.15% to about 0.5% copper, from about 0.4% to about 0.8% magnesium, the remainder, aluminum and normal impurities.
Priority Applications (16)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US506396A US3370943A (en) | 1965-11-04 | 1965-11-04 | Aluminum alloy |
NO161517A NO121075B (xx) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-02-01 | |
GB13298/66A GB1129677A (en) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-02-03 | Improvements in or relating to electrolytic treatment of aluminium |
GB4847/66A GB1129676A (en) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-02-03 | Improvements in or relating to aluminium base alloys |
DE19661783114 DE1783114A1 (de) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-02-05 | Verwendung einer Legierung des Typs AlMgSi 0,5 fuer farbanodisierte Strangpressteile |
SE01960/66A SE339333B (xx) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-02-15 | |
DE19661796278 DE1796278A1 (de) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-02-15 | Verfahren zur Herstellung gleichmaessig gefaerbter anodischer Oxyduberzuege auf Aluminiumstrangpressteilen |
SE01766/68A SE339369B (xx) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-02-15 | |
DE19661496872 DE1496872B1 (de) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-02-15 | Verwendung einer Legierung des Typs AlMgSi0,5 fuer farbanodisierte Strangpressteile |
FR51785A FR1470562A (fr) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-03-03 | Production de pellicules anodiquement colorées sur des articles en aluminium |
CH327066A CH495429A (de) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-03-08 | Aluminiumlegierung |
CH322070A CH496810A (de) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-03-08 | Aluminiumlegierung |
BE688373D BE688373A (xx) | 1965-11-04 | 1966-10-18 | |
US635685A US3475167A (en) | 1965-11-04 | 1967-05-03 | Aluminum alloy for color anodizing |
JP43028023A JPS491369B1 (xx) | 1965-11-04 | 1968-04-27 | |
NO367170A NO125734B (xx) | 1965-11-04 | 1970-09-28 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US506396A US3370943A (en) | 1965-11-04 | 1965-11-04 | Aluminum alloy |
US63568567A | 1967-05-03 | 1967-05-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3370943A true US3370943A (en) | 1968-02-27 |
Family
ID=27055456
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US506396A Expired - Lifetime US3370943A (en) | 1965-11-04 | 1965-11-04 | Aluminum alloy |
US635685A Expired - Lifetime US3475167A (en) | 1965-11-04 | 1967-05-03 | Aluminum alloy for color anodizing |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US635685A Expired - Lifetime US3475167A (en) | 1965-11-04 | 1967-05-03 | Aluminum alloy for color anodizing |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US3370943A (xx) |
JP (1) | JPS491369B1 (xx) |
BE (1) | BE688373A (xx) |
CH (1) | CH495429A (xx) |
DE (3) | DE1783114A1 (xx) |
GB (2) | GB1129677A (xx) |
NO (1) | NO121075B (xx) |
SE (2) | SE339333B (xx) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3793089A (en) * | 1971-12-22 | 1974-02-19 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Aluminum sheet |
JPS5087912A (xx) * | 1970-03-10 | 1975-07-15 | ||
FR2547037A1 (fr) * | 1982-03-10 | 1984-12-07 | Sumitomo Precision Prod Co | Echangeur a plaques ailettees pour l'emploi a ultra-haute pression |
FR2601040A1 (fr) * | 1986-07-07 | 1988-01-08 | Cegedur | Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable et son procede de fabrication |
US6565679B1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2003-05-20 | Alcan International Limited | Extrudable aluminum alloys |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2040876A5 (xx) * | 1969-04-16 | 1971-01-22 | Cegedur | |
GB1333327A (en) * | 1971-05-25 | 1973-10-10 | Alcan Res & Dev | Aluminium alloys |
US4098619A (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1978-07-04 | Aluminum Company Of America | Architectural aluminum alloy sheet and method therefor |
FR2446865A1 (fr) * | 1979-01-16 | 1980-08-14 | Pechiney Aluminium | Alliage d'aluminium type a-gs a resistance mecanique et tenacite elevees |
CA2231870C (en) * | 1995-09-19 | 2005-02-22 | Alcan International Limited | Precipitation-hardened aluminum alloys for automotive structural applications |
US6808864B2 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2004-10-26 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Support for lithographic printing plate and presensitized plate |
DE102008048374B3 (de) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-04-15 | Honsel Ag | Korrosionsbeständiges Aluminiumstrangpressprofil und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strukturbauteiles |
BR112019020061A2 (pt) | 2017-04-05 | 2020-04-28 | Novelis Inc | liga de alumínio, produto, e, método para produzir um produto de alumínio. |
JP2021070865A (ja) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-06 | 株式会社アート1 | 耐熱性に優れたアルミニウム金属材料およびその製造法。 |
CN114107752B (zh) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-06-21 | 中铝河南洛阳铝加工有限公司 | 一种阳极氧化用高Cr铝合金板带材及其制备方法 |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1130785A (en) * | 1911-07-31 | 1915-03-09 | Alfred Wilm | Aluminum alloy. |
US1261987A (en) * | 1917-08-23 | 1918-04-09 | Alfred Wilm | Method of making aluminum-alloy articles. |
US1869996A (en) * | 1930-06-19 | 1932-08-02 | Aluminum Co Of America | Controlling grain growth in aluminum-manganese alloys |
US1911078A (en) * | 1932-11-30 | 1933-05-23 | Aluminum Co Of America | Aluminum alloy |
DE677501C (de) * | 1936-08-14 | 1939-06-27 | Siemens & Halske Akt Ges | Verfahren zur Erzeugung messingaehnlicher Farbtoene auf Aluminiumlegierungen |
US2601206A (en) * | 1948-10-22 | 1952-06-17 | Reynolds Metals Co | Medium-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys |
USRE24566E (en) * | 1940-12-10 | 1958-11-11 | Donald J Leslie | Acoustic apparatus |
US3104189A (en) * | 1960-10-17 | 1963-09-17 | Reynolds Metals Co | Aluminum alloy system |
FR1362345A (fr) * | 1963-07-09 | 1964-05-29 | Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag | Procédé de préparation de demi-produits d'une résistance élevée en alliages aluminium-magnésium-silicium de composition déterminée |
US3143485A (en) * | 1961-11-28 | 1964-08-04 | Aluminum Co Of America | Aluminum anodizing |
US3227639A (en) * | 1961-10-24 | 1966-01-04 | Aluminum Co Of America | Method of anodizing aluminum with electrolyte containing sulfophthalic acid |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR706721A (fr) * | 1929-12-04 | 1931-06-29 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Alliage d'aluminium |
US2837450A (en) * | 1952-10-27 | 1958-06-03 | Ici Ltd | Method of bonding parts of light alloy heat exchangers |
DE1038290B (de) * | 1957-01-25 | 1958-09-04 | Basf Ag | Verwendung einer Aluminiumlegierung zur Herstellung von Absperr- und Entspannungsvorrichtungen fuer unter Druck stehende konzentrierte Salpetersaeure und/oder unter Druck stehende nitrose Gase |
NL238065A (xx) * | 1958-04-14 |
-
1965
- 1965-11-04 US US506396A patent/US3370943A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-02-01 NO NO161517A patent/NO121075B/no unknown
- 1966-02-03 GB GB13298/66A patent/GB1129677A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-02-03 GB GB4847/66A patent/GB1129676A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-02-05 DE DE19661783114 patent/DE1783114A1/de active Pending
- 1966-02-15 DE DE19661796278 patent/DE1796278A1/de active Pending
- 1966-02-15 SE SE01960/66A patent/SE339333B/xx unknown
- 1966-02-15 SE SE01766/68A patent/SE339369B/xx unknown
- 1966-02-15 DE DE19661496872 patent/DE1496872B1/de active Pending
- 1966-03-08 CH CH327066A patent/CH495429A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-10-18 BE BE688373D patent/BE688373A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1967
- 1967-05-03 US US635685A patent/US3475167A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1968
- 1968-04-27 JP JP43028023A patent/JPS491369B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1130785A (en) * | 1911-07-31 | 1915-03-09 | Alfred Wilm | Aluminum alloy. |
US1261987A (en) * | 1917-08-23 | 1918-04-09 | Alfred Wilm | Method of making aluminum-alloy articles. |
US1869996A (en) * | 1930-06-19 | 1932-08-02 | Aluminum Co Of America | Controlling grain growth in aluminum-manganese alloys |
US1911078A (en) * | 1932-11-30 | 1933-05-23 | Aluminum Co Of America | Aluminum alloy |
DE677501C (de) * | 1936-08-14 | 1939-06-27 | Siemens & Halske Akt Ges | Verfahren zur Erzeugung messingaehnlicher Farbtoene auf Aluminiumlegierungen |
USRE24566E (en) * | 1940-12-10 | 1958-11-11 | Donald J Leslie | Acoustic apparatus |
US2601206A (en) * | 1948-10-22 | 1952-06-17 | Reynolds Metals Co | Medium-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys |
US3104189A (en) * | 1960-10-17 | 1963-09-17 | Reynolds Metals Co | Aluminum alloy system |
US3227639A (en) * | 1961-10-24 | 1966-01-04 | Aluminum Co Of America | Method of anodizing aluminum with electrolyte containing sulfophthalic acid |
US3143485A (en) * | 1961-11-28 | 1964-08-04 | Aluminum Co Of America | Aluminum anodizing |
FR1362345A (fr) * | 1963-07-09 | 1964-05-29 | Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag | Procédé de préparation de demi-produits d'une résistance élevée en alliages aluminium-magnésium-silicium de composition déterminée |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5087912A (xx) * | 1970-03-10 | 1975-07-15 | ||
JPS5420165B2 (xx) * | 1970-03-10 | 1979-07-20 | ||
US3793089A (en) * | 1971-12-22 | 1974-02-19 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Aluminum sheet |
FR2547037A1 (fr) * | 1982-03-10 | 1984-12-07 | Sumitomo Precision Prod Co | Echangeur a plaques ailettees pour l'emploi a ultra-haute pression |
FR2601040A1 (fr) * | 1986-07-07 | 1988-01-08 | Cegedur | Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable et son procede de fabrication |
EP0259232A1 (fr) * | 1986-07-07 | 1988-03-09 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable et son procédé de fabrication |
US6565679B1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2003-05-20 | Alcan International Limited | Extrudable aluminum alloys |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO121075B (xx) | 1971-01-11 |
JPS491369B1 (xx) | 1974-01-12 |
SE339333B (xx) | 1971-10-04 |
GB1129677A (en) | 1968-10-09 |
GB1129676A (en) | 1968-10-09 |
CH495429A (de) | 1970-08-31 |
DE1496872B1 (de) | 1970-10-01 |
DE1796278A1 (de) | 1972-06-08 |
BE688373A (xx) | 1967-03-31 |
SE339369B (xx) | 1971-10-04 |
DE1783114A1 (de) | 1972-02-10 |
US3475167A (en) | 1969-10-28 |
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