US3348968A - Synthetic textile treated with polyalkenoxy agents and corrosion inhibiting salts to prevent static electric charges - Google Patents

Synthetic textile treated with polyalkenoxy agents and corrosion inhibiting salts to prevent static electric charges Download PDF

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Publication number
US3348968A
US3348968A US34610264A US3348968A US 3348968 A US3348968 A US 3348968A US 34610264 A US34610264 A US 34610264A US 3348968 A US3348968 A US 3348968A
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United States
Prior art keywords
salts
agents
polyalkenoxy
finish
corrosion
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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Hulbert Duncan Robert
Sheard Dennis Richard
Brown Harold Frederick
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/80—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides
    • D06M11/82—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides with boron oxides; with boric, meta- or perboric acids or their salts, e.g. with borax
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
    • D06M11/64—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with nitrogen oxides; with oxyacids of nitrogen or their salts
    • D06M11/65—Salts of oxyacids of nitrogen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
    • D06M13/252—Mercaptans, thiophenols, sulfides or polysulfides, e.g. mercapto acetic acid; Sulfonium compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/372—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing etherified or esterified hydroxy groups ; Polyethers of low molecular weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/53—Polyethers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2418—Coating or impregnation increases electrical conductivity or anti-static quality
    • Y10T442/2434—Linear polyether group chain containing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for treating textile materials such as fibres, yarns and fabrics particularly to reduce their tendency to acquire a charge of static electricity.
  • textile materials particularly those which are obtained from synthetic fibre-forming, hydrophobic polymers, have a marked tendency to acquire a charge of static electricity during processing such as carding, spinning or weaving, and in wear.
  • agents derived from the reaction products of agents containing one or more reactive hydrogen atoms e.g. certain fatty acids, alcohols, phenols, amines, amides or mercaptans with varying amounts of an alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide.
  • agents containing one or more reactive hydrogen atoms e.g. certain fatty acids, alcohols, phenols, amines, amides or mercaptans with varying amounts of an alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide.
  • a process for treating textile materials such as filaments, fibres, yarns and fabrics substantially to obviate their tendency to acquire a charge of static electricity, comprising treating said textile material with a surface active polyalkenoxy agent in combination with a corrosion-inhibiting salt or salts so that rusting on a clean polished mild steel surface is prevented if said treated fibres, yarns and fabrics are brought into contact with said metal.
  • the polyalkenoxy agent is a surface active compound selected from one or more of the following ethylene and/or propylene oxide condensates which may contain either ethylene or propylene oxide units.
  • the condensation products of ethylene oxide and/or the propylene oxide may be obtained by condensation with linear or branched chain saturated or unsaturated aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic, carboxy, amido, amino,
  • condensation products may be further reacted with a linear or branched chain saturated or unsaturated aliphatic, cycle-aliphatic, aromatic, or araliphatic, carboxylic acid.
  • the aliphatic, cycle-aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic residue contains at least 8 carbon atoms and may contain further substituents such as hydroxyl, thiol, ether, thiolether and amino groups.
  • the alkylene oxides which are preferably polyglycol condensates are capable of dissolving appreciable amounts of inorganic salts including our corrosion inhibiting salts, which is important in the absence of imbibed atmospheric moisture, i.e. when the materials are used under conditions of low relative humidity.
  • Non-aqueous solutions of the salts in polyglycol condensates show high bulk electrical conductivity properties, compared with polyalkenoxy condensates without the salts, so that they provide a conductive electric leakage path when present on hydrophobic synthetic fibres.
  • the presence of the dissolved salts in the polyglycol condensates increases the ability of the condensates to absorb moisture from the atmosphere.
  • Such agents are usually made either by condensing a compound containing one or more reactive hydrogen atoms (e.g. an alcohol, phenol, carboxylic acid, amine, amide or mercaptan) with an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, or by reacting such a compound with a polyglycol.
  • a compound containing one or more reactive hydrogen atoms e.g. an alcohol, phenol, carboxylic acid, amine, amide or mercaptan
  • an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide
  • polyalkenoxy agents thus described may be found in Surface Activity by Moilliet, Collie and Black pp. 466-490 (2nd edition) or in Polyethers Part 1. Polyalkylene Oxides and Other Polyethers, ed. by Gaylord, pp. 189-213 and 225-230.
  • the corrosion-inhibiting salt or salts have the general formulae (M +),,(X where the cation M+ is derived from a metallic element forming ionic salts, preferably an element in Group I-A of the Periodic Table of the elements, and in particular lithium, sodium or potassium, X- is a corrosion-inhibiting anion such as nitrite, carbonate, bicarbonate, tetraborate, ortho-phosphate, chromate, benzoate or silicate, and p and q are integers corresponding to the valencies of the cation and anion respectively.
  • the anions referred to above are all effective in preventing visible rusting on a clean, polished mild steel surface.
  • Textiles and textile materials may be treated according to the process of the present invention by a variety of procedures.
  • the alkylene oxide condensate and the corrosion-inhibiting inorganic salt or salts can be applied together from a solution or dispersion, or they can be applied from separate solutions or dispersions in separate stages.
  • a condensate of fatty acid with a low molecular proportion of ethylene oxide it is preferable to apply the specified aqueous inorganic salt solution after the application of the ethylene oxide condensate, in a subsequent separate step.
  • the ethylene oxide condensate is conveniently applied in a bath on a draw frame, before drawing the filaments at least twice their length,
  • Such solutions and dispersions may be applied to the textile by any known means. They may be padded on to the textile, applied from a rotating wheel dipping into them, or the textile may be impregnated with them by immersion, or they may be applied by jet or spray. Other agents which are used in textile processing may, if desired, be used in conjunction with the alkylene oxide condensate and the inorganic salt or salts.
  • any textile materials amounts of from 0.05% to 0.30% on thetextile material of the alkylene oxide condensate and of 0.001% to 0.050% of inorganic salts are preferred.
  • the treatment may be carried out at normal or elevated temperatures and the treated textile material may be subsequently dried at any convenient temperature which has:
  • the process of the present invention may be applied to any textile material containing at least a minor proportion of hydrophobic fibres, for example those made from polyethylene terephthalate, stereoregular polypropylene, a polyamide or polyacrylonitrile.
  • polyalkenoxy agent is sufficiently water-soluble it may be convenient to make up a concentrated stock solution or dispersion containing the polyalkenoxy agent together with the desired inorganic salt, and as much water as is required to bring the latter into solution.
  • a stock solution may be further diluted with Water as required, and used during fibre manufacture, or for redressing purposes during, subsequent textile processing op-'
  • Example 1 A non-ionic textile finish made by condensing lauric. acid with ethylene oxide in a molar ratio of about 1:9 (polyethylene glycol 400 monolaurate) was dissolved in water and deionized. It was applied to 75 denier (83.3 decitex) finish-free polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn by passing through the solution and then drying it.
  • the strength of the solution was adjusted to give approximately 0.5% of the polyethylene glycol 400 monolaurate on the yarn.
  • the eflectiveness of the finish as an antistatic agent was assessed by measuring the electrical resistance of 200 parallel lengths of yarn each 5 centimeters long at relative humidities of 20%, 65% and 75%, and at 21 C. Results are shown in line 1, Table 1, below. The lower the electrical resistance, the more effectively the finish diminishes the tendency to static charge formation, and vice-versa.
  • Example 3 A few drops of a 20% aqueous solution of the nonionic finish containing the agent described in Example 2, were applied to ten samples of clean polished mild steel and allowed to dry. Five of the samples were then exposed to an atmosphere of 65% RH. and the other five to an atmosphere of 85% RH. at room temperature for 24 hours.
  • Example 4 The experiment described in Example 3 was repeated,
  • Example 2 but using the nonionic finish described in Example 1, and the inorganic salts added were (f) sodium benzoate, (g) sodium chromate, (h) sodium silicate and (i) sodium nitrite, respectively. In this example, however, the solution concentration of each of the inorganic salts was 0.6% by weight.
  • Example 5 Two samples of crimped polypropylene staple fibre of mean denier 5 (5.56 decitex) and mean length 4 inches, dressed with (A) 0.13% of the finish described in Example 2, and (B) 0.12% of the same finish together with 0.008% of sodium nitrite were processed on a carding machine at a relative humidity of 65% and a temperature of 68 F. It was found that fibre dressed with the nonionic finish alone gave rise to considerable static charge generation, whereas the fibre dressed with sodium nitrite together with the nonionic finish did not give noticeable static charge generation under these conditions.
  • Textile materials comprising fibers and filaments of a member of the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene having an antistatic surface coating comprising (a) 0.050.3% on the weight of said fibers and filaments of a member of the class consisting of a condensate of lauric acid with ethylene oxide in a molar ratio of about 1:9, a condensate of cetyl and oleyl alcohols with ethylene oxide in a molar ratio of about 1:3.5, a condensate of cetyl amine with ethylene oxide in a molar ratio of about 1:12, a condensate of dodecyl mercaptan with ethylene oxide in a molar ratio of 1:6, and a condensate of stearic acid with approximately 9 moles of ethylene oxide and (b) 0.001 to 0.05% on the weight of said fibers and filaments of a salt selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
US34610264 1963-02-21 1964-02-20 Synthetic textile treated with polyalkenoxy agents and corrosion inhibiting salts to prevent static electric charges Expired - Lifetime US3348968A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB706963A GB1080363A (en) 1963-02-21 1963-02-21 Treating textile materials

Publications (1)

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US3348968A true US3348968A (en) 1967-10-24

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US (1) US3348968A (en)van)
AT (1) AT256764B (en)van)
BE (1) BE644122A (en)van)
DE (1) DE1469402A1 (en)van)
ES (1) ES296680A1 (en)van)
GB (1) GB1080363A (en)van)
NL (1) NL6401680A (en)van)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3515580A (en) * 1967-04-06 1970-06-02 Grace W R & Co Urea/salt of an acid complex and a wetting agent - antistatic composition for synthetic polymers
US3620823A (en) * 1969-05-19 1971-11-16 Monsanto Co Process of improving the resistance of soiling of melt spun fibers
US3867187A (en) * 1973-03-26 1975-02-18 Phillips Petroleum Co Polypropylene filaments having improved soiling and crocking characteristics
US4094796A (en) * 1977-06-07 1978-06-13 Biax-Fiberfilm Corporation Process for preparing novel compounds for use as fabric softeners in water solutions thereof
US4615816A (en) * 1983-10-18 1986-10-07 Takemoto Yushi Kabushiki Kaisha Lubricating agents for processing yarns and method of processing thermoplastic yarns therewith
US4636429A (en) * 1986-01-13 1987-01-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Dusting cloth

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2436978A (en) * 1944-07-26 1948-03-02 Ind Rayon Corp Reinforcing cord and process of manufacture
US2461043A (en) * 1944-11-10 1949-02-08 American Viscose Corp Process of conditioning cellulose ester filaments
US2628176A (en) * 1948-06-04 1953-02-10 Chicopee Mfg Corp Method of rendering synthetic resins astatic
US2664409A (en) * 1949-10-13 1953-12-29 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Textile treating composition and method
US2740759A (en) * 1951-11-13 1956-04-03 Ciba Ltd Preparation for treating textile fibers and yarns
US2955960A (en) * 1956-03-07 1960-10-11 Ici Ltd Modification of the properties of synthetic fibres
US3009830A (en) * 1960-03-15 1961-11-21 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Finishing polyolefin filamentary textile article and the article obtained therefrom

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2436978A (en) * 1944-07-26 1948-03-02 Ind Rayon Corp Reinforcing cord and process of manufacture
US2461043A (en) * 1944-11-10 1949-02-08 American Viscose Corp Process of conditioning cellulose ester filaments
US2628176A (en) * 1948-06-04 1953-02-10 Chicopee Mfg Corp Method of rendering synthetic resins astatic
US2664409A (en) * 1949-10-13 1953-12-29 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Textile treating composition and method
US2740759A (en) * 1951-11-13 1956-04-03 Ciba Ltd Preparation for treating textile fibers and yarns
US2955960A (en) * 1956-03-07 1960-10-11 Ici Ltd Modification of the properties of synthetic fibres
US3009830A (en) * 1960-03-15 1961-11-21 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Finishing polyolefin filamentary textile article and the article obtained therefrom

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3515580A (en) * 1967-04-06 1970-06-02 Grace W R & Co Urea/salt of an acid complex and a wetting agent - antistatic composition for synthetic polymers
US3620823A (en) * 1969-05-19 1971-11-16 Monsanto Co Process of improving the resistance of soiling of melt spun fibers
US3867187A (en) * 1973-03-26 1975-02-18 Phillips Petroleum Co Polypropylene filaments having improved soiling and crocking characteristics
US4094796A (en) * 1977-06-07 1978-06-13 Biax-Fiberfilm Corporation Process for preparing novel compounds for use as fabric softeners in water solutions thereof
US4615816A (en) * 1983-10-18 1986-10-07 Takemoto Yushi Kabushiki Kaisha Lubricating agents for processing yarns and method of processing thermoplastic yarns therewith
US4636429A (en) * 1986-01-13 1987-01-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Dusting cloth

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1469402A1 (de) 1968-12-05
NL6401680A (en)van) 1964-08-24
AT256764B (de) 1967-09-11
GB1080363A (en) 1967-08-23
BE644122A (en)van) 1964-08-20
ES296680A1 (es) 1964-05-01

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