US3307617A - Method in the manufacture of an exchanger packing and exchanger packing manufactured according to said method - Google Patents
Method in the manufacture of an exchanger packing and exchanger packing manufactured according to said method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3307617A US3307617A US254131A US25413163A US3307617A US 3307617 A US3307617 A US 3307617A US 254131 A US254131 A US 254131A US 25413163 A US25413163 A US 25413163A US 3307617 A US3307617 A US 3307617A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- exchanger packing
- sheets
- packing
- exchanger
- layers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 title description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 silicic acid compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5035—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5076—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with masses bonded by inorganic cements
- C04B41/5089—Silica sols, alkyl, ammonium or alkali metal silicate cements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
- F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
- F24F3/1423—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with a moving bed of solid desiccants, e.g. a rotary wheel supporting solid desiccants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
- F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
- F28D19/041—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier with axial flow through the intermediate heat-transfer medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
- F24F2003/1458—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification using regenerators
- F24F2003/1464—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification using regenerators using rotating regenerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1004—Bearings or driving means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1032—Desiccant wheel
- F24F2203/1036—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/104—Heat exchanger wheel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1048—Geometric details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1068—Rotary wheel comprising one rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1084—Rotary wheel comprising two flow rotor segments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
- F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
- F24F2203/1096—Rotary wheel comprising sealing means
Definitions
- this invention relates to a method in the manufacture of an exchanger packing composed of elements, such as thin layers or sheets which directly or possibly indirectly by means of distance pieces bear against one another at mutually spaced places and therebetween form passages open from end to end and extending through the packing.
- elements such as thin layers or sheets which directly or possibly indirectly by means of distance pieces bear against one another at mutually spaced places and therebetween form passages open from end to end and extending through the packing.
- elements such as thin layers or sheets which directly or possibly indirectly by means of distance pieces bear against one another at mutually spaced places and therebetween form passages open from end to end and extending through the packing.
- elements such as thin layers or sheets which directly or possibly indirectly by means of distance pieces bear against one another at mutually spaced places and therebetween form passages open from end to end and extending through the packing.
- the layers usually at least every second is corrugated, the places of mutual contact of the layers being formed by the ridges of the corrugations.
- the layers are to advantage constituted of sheets or foils of a fibrous material which preferably is non-metallic and inorganic as is the case with asbestos.
- An essential field of use of the invention is the transfer of moisture and/ or heat, in particular between two air currents.
- the exchanger packing preferably has the structure of a rotor adapted to move along a closed path between two pass-ages t-ransgressed by the two air currents.
- One main object of the invention is to provide an exchanger packing in which the layers have high mechanical strength, especially in wet condition which latter condition is actual when the exchanger packing during its operation comes into contact with a liquid such as water.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an exchanger packing possessing hygroscopic properties and a high drying effect. These two objects may be aimed at by the exchanger packing of the invention either separately or in combination.
- the invention involves such a processing which has as its distinctive feature of impregnating the layers with a composition of matter in liquid state of such kind as to form a gel which thereupon is concentrated by evaporation until a solid substances remains on the layers.
- the composition of matter is of a kind containing silicon or a silicic acid compound so that the deposit remaining after the concentration is constituted by a silicon dioxyde substance.
- the layers are of a fibrous material such as asbestos which in itself has an insuflicient wet strength, the impregnation according to the invention imparts to the layers a fully sufficient strength.
- a heat treatment at a lower temperature such as at 200 C. or therebelow imparts to the silicon dioxyde a reversible function so as to some extent to be restorable into its gel condition it will at 'a higher temperature such as up to 600 or 700 C. be more and more anhydrous and at the same time stable as to its composition.
- the silicon dioxyde will no longer be capable but to a limited degree to pick up moisture, but it is at the same time practically water-insoluble.
- FIGURE 1 is a section taken along the line II of FIGURE 2.
- FIGURE 2 is a section taken along the line IIII of FIGURE 1.
- FIGURE 3 shows the apparatus in external projection partly in section taken along the line III-III of FIG- URE 2.
- FIGURES 4 and 5 are fragmentary sections showing alternative forms of construction of the rotor mass.
- reference numeral 10 indicates a casing which may be connected to a horizontal support by means of a flange 12.
- the motor 14 may be mounted directly on the casing 10 and is provided with a shaft 16 which rotates in the sleeve 18 extending inwardly from the casing.
- the sleeve supports the rotor, generally indicated at 20, and may have a hub portion 22 and a rim portion 24 between which a spirally wound web is supported.
- the web is preferably made of nonmetallic fibrous sheet material, such as cellulose or asbestos paper and the like of of paper modified by asbestos fibers, glass fibers, plastic fibers and others.
- the sheets may be as thin as millimeter.
- the motor or sorption mass is built up to form alternate flat sheets 30 and corrugated sheets 32 shown in FIGURE 5 of the drawing. It may also be composed of sheets 26 spaced apart by ridges 28 as shown in FIG- URE 4 or may have a honeycomb form.
- the distance between the fiat sheets, or in other words, the height of the corrugations in sheet 32 may vary for particular conditions of application.
- the fiat and corrugated sheets 30 and 32 divide the packing into a plurality of closely adjacent cells or passages open at both ends at opposite sides of the wheel and extending axially therethrough.
- the fiat sheets When the packing is used in an air conditioning system, as a transferrer of thermodynamic characteristics of air, the fiat sheets may be spaced from one another less than 3 milimeters and preferably less than 2 millimeters.
- the wheel 20 when acting as moisture transferrer is rotated at a very slow rate of speed, such as on the order of l to 10 revolutions per hour.
- a very slow rate of speed such as on the order of l to 10 revolutions per hour.
- one of the air streams such as that from an enclosure, is impelled through the duct 34 into the compartment 36 by means of the fan 36 and blown through the passages or cells formed by the flat and corrugated sheets 30 and 32, into the compartment 37 and hence exhausted through the duct 38.
- Another air stream such as outdoor fresh air, is drawn by fan 44 through the duct 40 into the compartment 39, through the passages of the Wheel 20 at the right hand half thereof and counter current to the air stream flowing through the passages in the left hand half of the wheel; hence into compartment 41 and through the duct 42 to the enclosure to be conditioned.
- compartments 35 and 41 are separated from one another by means of a partition 46- (FIGURE 3) while compartments 37 and 39' are separated from one another by means of partition 4%.
- Partition 4% may be attached to a cover which can be removed to provide access to the wheel. The wheel may be removed from the casing by first unscrewing the nut 52 from the shaft 16.
- stationary sealing elements 54- and 56 may be arranged in the casing at the faces of the wheel.
- these sealing elements comprise a corrugated structure having large passages relative to the passages in the rotor mass.
- sealing elements may also be mounted on the edges of the partitions 46 and 48 to bear against the faces of the wheel.
- Such sealing elements may be in the form of shoes mounted on the edges of the partitions 46 and 48 and yieldingly pressed against the sides of the wheel.
- the bonding together of the sheets or foils at the places of contact may be effected by means of conventional methods and glueing agents, preferably of inoganic kind such as water glass.
- glueing agents preferably of inoganic kind such as water glass.
- the bonding may even at least partially be made by means of the gel. If the packing is assembled of so-called single-well webs which are wound in layers one upon the other the one plane and one corrugated strip of the web may be bonded together by means of water glass or the like in the machine for manufacture of single-well.
- the individual webs of the assembled single-well web structure may then be glued to one another by the treatment according to the invention.
- the layers may be constituted by a carrier of a ceramic, possibly porous material which has been heated to sintering temperature so as to obtain a solid, coherent structure.
- the impregnation according to the invention may according to one embodiment of the invention be carried out by means of an organic silicic acid compound, preferably ethyl silicate or silicic acid esters.
- organic silicic acid compound preferably ethyl silicate or silicic acid esters.
- ethyl silicate or silicic acid esters When such compound is brought into contact with or absorbs moisture it assumes a gel-like state. Thus the layers or sheets of the exchanger packing are covered with the compound and thereupon exposed to the action of the moisture. Simultaneously with the formation of the gel alcohol escapes.
- water commences to be driven out from the gel and gradually a solid cover comes into existence. This cover contains silicon dioxyde and some water. This process is accelerated by increase of the temperature. Up to some predeterminable temperature the solid cover may be restored to the gel state by picking up of water to some extent, but by further increase of the temperature the silicon dioxide assumes a more and more irreversible state and thus becomes stable.
- the layers, such as the asbestos sheets are initially impregnated with water glass and subsequently with an acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid whereby a gel is produced as a product of a chemical reaction. Residues of the acid and other soluble reaction products are removed by rinsing with water provided that the cover of gel on the sheets permits it.
- the gel may be subjected to a partial drying treatment prior to said rinsing procedure. The gradual concentration of the gel by evaporation is continued in the same manner as described hereinbefore.
- the reinforcement imparted to the fibrous carrier is dependent on the glueing capacity of the precipitations on the fibers, said capacity becoming better with increase of the quantity of silicon contained in the starting substances for the impregnation.
- the proportion between the silicon and alkaline constituents in the water glass must be of an order of magnitude of at least 3:1, especially in the acid method. This does not imply that the concentration of the two substances necessarily must be high; rather diluted water glass may be used. At all events the acid concentration must be so high that the silicon dioxide cannot take colloidal state instead of being formed as a gel.
- solubility in water of the precipitated silicon dioxide is in relation to the reversibility of the capacity to pick up water imparted to the silica gel.
- a concentration by evaporation of the gel at relatively low temperatures increases the water-solubility.
- a concentration by evaporation at relatively high temperatures reduces the Watersolubility but also the strength and the glueing capacity. This implies that the precipitated silicon dioxide becomes brittle or fragile upon treatment at high temperatures, in particular when all water has been stripped.
- the mechanical strength of the individual layers is of importance one must always adjust the upper limit for the heat treatment to a predetermined value so as to meet the requirements of mechanical strength.
- potassium water glass produces together with sulfuric acid as a reaction product potassium sulfate which is distinguished from sodium sulfate by not containing any crystal water.
- potassium water glass may be of advantage.
- asbestos sheets often contain not only filaments of asbestos but also a bonding agent for the fibres of organic nature such as starch, for example.
- a bonding agent for the fibres of organic nature such as starch, for example.
- an oxidation or degassing of the organic bonding agents is performed under which procedure attention must be paid to the temperature in the asbestos fibres which temperature must not be increased so much as to cause them to set their crystal water free and therewith to lose their mechanical strength.
- Such a treatment may without difiiculty be combined with the treatment according to the present invention, the stabilization of the deposit of silicon dioxide on the fibres being. effected simultaneously at a highest possible temperature below the temperature critical for the asbestos fibres.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
- Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE99962 | 1962-01-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3307617A true US3307617A (en) | 1967-03-07 |
Family
ID=20257426
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US254131A Expired - Lifetime US3307617A (en) | 1962-01-30 | 1963-01-28 | Method in the manufacture of an exchanger packing and exchanger packing manufactured according to said method |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3307617A (da) |
JP (1) | JPS5130384B1 (da) |
CH (1) | CH409300A (da) |
DK (1) | DK126798B (da) |
FI (1) | FI41855B (da) |
GB (1) | GB1040061A (da) |
NL (1) | NL139465B (da) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3807149A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1974-04-30 | Munters C Ind Ab | Moisture exchanger for gaseous media |
US4391667A (en) * | 1980-04-25 | 1983-07-05 | Aktiebolaget Carl Munters | Method of preparing cells to enable one fluid to be affected by another fluid |
WO1993000220A1 (en) * | 1991-06-20 | 1993-01-07 | Ab Carl Munters | Method and apparatus for producing a laminate |
US5435958A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1995-07-25 | Munters Corporation | Method for making a humidity exchanger medium |
US5505769A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1996-04-09 | Munters Corporation | Titanium silicate aerogel element and humidity exchanger using matrix of aerogel element |
US20050001339A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2005-01-06 | Yaeger Ronald J. | Contact media for evaporative coolers |
US8440290B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2013-05-14 | Anne Yaeger | Contact media for evaporative coolers |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE381250B (sv) * | 1974-04-09 | 1975-12-01 | Munters Ab Carl | Sett att framstella en kontaktkropp |
SE381252B (sv) * | 1974-04-09 | 1975-12-01 | Munters Ab Carl | Sett att framstella kontaktkroppar |
SE381251B (sv) * | 1974-04-09 | 1975-12-01 | Munters Ab Carl | Sett att framstella en kontaktkropp |
JPS613994A (ja) * | 1984-06-18 | 1986-01-09 | Baanaa Internatl:Kk | 全熱交換器および/または除湿器のロ−タリエレメント |
JPS61252497A (ja) * | 1985-04-22 | 1986-11-10 | Seibu Giken:Kk | 湿気交換用または全熱交換用の吸着型素子の製造法 |
JPH0628173Y2 (ja) * | 1986-03-10 | 1994-08-03 | 株式会社西部技研 | 湿気交換用エレメント |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB189505254A (en) * | 1895-03-12 | 1895-12-07 | Alexander Imschenetzky | Manufacture of Fireproof and Insulating Compounds. |
GB189906944A (en) * | 1899-03-30 | 1900-03-17 | Fibrous Materials Syndicate Lt | Improvements in the Manufacture of Fire-resisting and Heat Non-conducting Materials. |
US1839168A (en) * | 1928-12-20 | 1931-12-29 | Drager Otto H | Fabric for gas protection masks or the like and method for producing same |
US1976875A (en) * | 1931-03-18 | 1934-10-16 | Chester F Hockley | Gel and method of making same |
GB554156A (en) * | 1941-12-16 | 1943-06-22 | Harold Jackson Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of paper, or like fibrous material |
US2399981A (en) * | 1941-08-13 | 1946-05-07 | Scott Paper Co | Paper product and method of making the same |
US2989418A (en) * | 1957-11-29 | 1961-06-20 | Inland Steel Co | Corrosion protection for zinc-surfaced and aluminum-surfaced articles |
CA629879A (en) * | 1961-10-31 | G. Munters Carl | Heat exchangers |
-
1963
- 1963-01-28 US US254131A patent/US3307617A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1963-01-29 DK DK42063AA patent/DK126798B/da unknown
- 1963-01-29 GB GB3551/63A patent/GB1040061A/en not_active Expired
- 1963-01-29 NL NL63288303A patent/NL139465B/xx unknown
- 1963-01-29 CH CH106363A patent/CH409300A/de unknown
- 1963-01-30 FI FI0171/63A patent/FI41855B/fi active
- 1963-01-30 JP JP38003330A patent/JPS5130384B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA629879A (en) * | 1961-10-31 | G. Munters Carl | Heat exchangers | |
GB189505254A (en) * | 1895-03-12 | 1895-12-07 | Alexander Imschenetzky | Manufacture of Fireproof and Insulating Compounds. |
GB189906944A (en) * | 1899-03-30 | 1900-03-17 | Fibrous Materials Syndicate Lt | Improvements in the Manufacture of Fire-resisting and Heat Non-conducting Materials. |
US1839168A (en) * | 1928-12-20 | 1931-12-29 | Drager Otto H | Fabric for gas protection masks or the like and method for producing same |
US1976875A (en) * | 1931-03-18 | 1934-10-16 | Chester F Hockley | Gel and method of making same |
US2399981A (en) * | 1941-08-13 | 1946-05-07 | Scott Paper Co | Paper product and method of making the same |
GB554156A (en) * | 1941-12-16 | 1943-06-22 | Harold Jackson Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of paper, or like fibrous material |
US2989418A (en) * | 1957-11-29 | 1961-06-20 | Inland Steel Co | Corrosion protection for zinc-surfaced and aluminum-surfaced articles |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3807149A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1974-04-30 | Munters C Ind Ab | Moisture exchanger for gaseous media |
US4391667A (en) * | 1980-04-25 | 1983-07-05 | Aktiebolaget Carl Munters | Method of preparing cells to enable one fluid to be affected by another fluid |
WO1993000220A1 (en) * | 1991-06-20 | 1993-01-07 | Ab Carl Munters | Method and apparatus for producing a laminate |
US5423934A (en) * | 1991-06-20 | 1995-06-13 | Ab Carl Munters | Method for producing a laminate |
US5435958A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1995-07-25 | Munters Corporation | Method for making a humidity exchanger medium |
US5505769A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1996-04-09 | Munters Corporation | Titanium silicate aerogel element and humidity exchanger using matrix of aerogel element |
US20050001339A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2005-01-06 | Yaeger Ronald J. | Contact media for evaporative coolers |
US8440290B2 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2013-05-14 | Anne Yaeger | Contact media for evaporative coolers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK126798B (da) | 1973-08-20 |
GB1040061A (en) | 1966-08-24 |
CH409300A (de) | 1966-03-15 |
NL139465B (nl) | 1973-08-15 |
FI41855B (da) | 1969-12-01 |
JPS5130384B1 (da) | 1976-08-31 |
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