US3286307A - Cylindrical banding jets - Google Patents

Cylindrical banding jets Download PDF

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Publication number
US3286307A
US3286307A US307389A US30738963A US3286307A US 3286307 A US3286307 A US 3286307A US 307389 A US307389 A US 307389A US 30738963 A US30738963 A US 30738963A US 3286307 A US3286307 A US 3286307A
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Prior art keywords
passageway
tow
cylinder
openings
banding
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Expired - Lifetime
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US307389A
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English (en)
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George A Watson
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Celanese Corp
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Celanese Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
Priority to US307389A priority Critical patent/US3286307A/en
Priority to SE10647/64A priority patent/SE302422B/xx
Priority to GB36272/64A priority patent/GB1074549A/en
Priority to DK438164AA priority patent/DK118937B/da
Priority to NO154677A priority patent/NO123901B/no
Priority to NL6410453A priority patent/NL6410453A/xx
Priority to DE19641435417 priority patent/DE1435417A1/de
Priority to BE652857D priority patent/BE652857A/xx
Priority to CH1177264A priority patent/CH449481A/fr
Priority to FR987611A priority patent/FR1417180A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3286307A publication Critical patent/US3286307A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/08—Honing tools
    • B24B33/083—Honing tools with different sets of honing stones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
    • D01D11/02—Opening bundles to space the threads or filaments from one another
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/18—Separating or spreading
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C2700/00—Finishing or decoration of textile materials, except for bleaching, dyeing, printing, mercerising, washing or fulling
    • D06C2700/10—Guides or expanders for finishing

Definitions

  • Continuous filament tow in which the number of filaments may range from several hundred to as high as 1,000,000 can be employed in the manufacture of a great variety of textile and non-textile products such as cigarette filters, clothing and furniture fabrics, pillow and upholstery battings, gas and liquid filters, sanitary napkin covers, and many others.
  • the resultant tow is generally rendered coherent, i.e. the filaments are prevented from separating, by being crimped to the extent of about 4 to 20 -or more crimps per inch.
  • the crimped tow is then baled or packed preparatory to being stored for further use or shipment.
  • banding jets are generally in the form of a pair of spaced parallel plates between which is defined a flat, rectilinear passageway through which the tow is drawn, with one or both of the plates being provided with a number of elongated slots or other apertures through which air under pressure is admitted into the passageway. The air flowing into and through the passage thus serves to spread the tow into the relatively narrow flat band desired.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of processes of and means for spreading tow which entail movingthe tow through an arcuate passageway while a compressible fluid under'pressure is admitted into the said passage.
  • a more specific object of the present invention is the provision of handing jets in which the arcuate passageway for the tow is defined between a generally tubular member and an arcuate shield positioned adjacent and at least partly about the said member.
  • a further object of the present invention is the provision of such banding jets in which the fluid-admitting slots are provided in either the tubular member or the shield or in both and may be arranged to admit the pressurized fluid into the passageway either radially or nonradially with respect to the curvature of the path of movement of the tow.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a tow spreading apparatus employing a banding jet constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded isometric view of the banding jet shown in FIG. 1 and illustrates the tubular member thereof as being provided with longitudinally extending radial slots;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 33 in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line 4-4 in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a transverse sectional view of a slightly modified type of banding jet in which the fluid-admitting slots in the tubular member are non-radially oriented;
  • FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a tubular banding jet member provided with slots oriented codirectionally obliquely relative to the axis of the member;
  • FIG. 7 is a similar view of a tubular banding jet member having slots arranged bidirectionally obliquely relative to the axis of the member;
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrammatic end views of the banding jet illustrating the provision of passageways of varying thickness between the tubular and shield members.
  • FIGS. 10 through 13 are transverse sectional views, similar to FIG. 5, of still further modified types of banding jets according to the present invention.
  • the banding jet comprises a pair of complementarily a'rcuately surfaced members positioned adjacent each other with one of them having the con figuration of a concavely surfaced shield and extending partly about the other so as to define therebetween shallow arcuate passageway through which the tow or strand of filaments may be moved.
  • the convexly surfaced member is hollow, and its interior is in communication with a source of compressible fluid, e.g., air, under pressure. That part of this member which presents the convex boundary surface of the passageway is preferably made of metal or metal alloy or other material having a high resistance to the frictional wear of the passing filaments.
  • the shield may be made of the same material, and if desired may be made of a suitable transparent plastic material to permit an inspection of the jets tow spreading action.
  • the height of the passageway, i.e., the perpendicular distance between the mated surfaces of these members generally ranges between about and A1 inch.
  • the convex boundary surface of the passageway is preferably consistuted by the outer surface of a right circular cylinder, while the concave boundary surface of the passageway is constituted by the inner surface of a curved plate having the configuration of an approximately 10 to 180, preferably between about and segment of a right circular cylinder.
  • the arrangement of the two members may be such that the height of the passageway remains uniform from the tow inlet to the tow outlet, but it is contemplated, in accordance with the present invention, that the height of the passageway need not be uniform, i.e., that the height could vary from tow inlet to tow outlet.
  • a constant-height or a variable-height passageway may be defined between two non-cylindrical members, the only requirement being that the height of the passageway widthwise thereof, i.e., along any given generatrix of the convex boundary surface, must be uniform.
  • the desired dimensioning of the passageway can be achieved by employing concave and convex surfaces of different curvatures, but it is preferred to utilize surfaces of like curvature sparated from each otherby means of suitably dimensioned spacers interposed between the two members at the opposite sides of the passageway.
  • the convexly surfaced member is provided with a plurality of narrow slots through which the pressurized air is admitted into the passageway.
  • the air is under a pressure of about 2 psi.
  • the air-admitting slots are oriented generally crosswise to the direction of movement of the tow through the passageway.
  • the slots if oriented with their longitudinal dimension extending obliquely to the direction of movement of the tow, may all be arranged codirectionally parallel, or they may be arranged in two groups of substantially parallel slots, with the slots of each group oriented transversely to the slots in the other, to define a herringbone pattern.
  • the slots may extend through the convex surface either radially or chordally thereof.
  • the slots may be directed either in the direction of the tow inlet or in the direction of the tow outlet of the passageway.
  • the width of each slot ranges from about 0.004 inch to about 0.020 inch.
  • each of the openings in the convexly surfaced member in lieu of being in the form of a relatively long and continuous slot, could be made up of a number of relatively short and discrete holes or apertures closely aligned to produce an effect substantially similar to that of a long slot.
  • the air-admitting openings of whatever character may be provided in the shield member rather than in the convexly surfaced member, or alternatively respective sets of air-admitting openings each in communication with its associated plenum chamber may be provided in both of the passageway-defining members. In such a case, it is advantageous to position the openings in each of these members somewhat offset relative to the openings in the other member.
  • the processes according to the present invention are particularly well suited for use in, but are not limited to, the spreading of multifilament tow into fiat bands both prior and subsequent to a tow opening operation associated with the production of cigarette filters and nonwoven textile and non-textile products.
  • the principles of the invention are applicable to the spreading of strands of filaments, e.g., tow or yarns, in connection with such operations as plasticizer, lubricant or other finish application or the like.
  • the invention is applicable to the transporting of lightweight fabrics or like sheet materials having little dimensional stability and likely to be distorted or damaged by conventional feed rolls, e.g., 'marquisette and tricot fabrics, thin gage plastics or paper, etc.
  • the present invention is further particularly well suited for treatments as aforesaid of filamentary material composed of organic derivatives of cellulose such as the esters or ethers thereof.
  • the filamentary material may comprise cellulose organic acid esters such as cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose benzoate, cellulose acetate formate, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, and the like, ethers such as ethyl cellulose, etc.
  • the esters may be ripened and acetone-soluble, such as conventional cellulose acetate, or may be substantially fully esterified, i.e., contain fewer than 0.29 free hydroxyl groups per anhydroglucose unit, such as cellulose triacetate.
  • the filaments may, of course, be made of other materials of thermoplastic nature.
  • these materials are the superpolyamides such as nylon, superpolyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyglycolic acid and copolymers thereof, polymers and copolymers of vinylidene compounds such as ethylene, propylene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinylidene cyanide, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, and the like.
  • an apparatus 10 for spreading crimped or otherwise coherent tow T extracted from a bale or other container C into the form of a fiat band B comprises a banding jet 11 constituted by an elongated convexly surfaced member 12 and an arcuate concavely surfaced shield 13 the length of which is coextensive with that of the member 12.
  • the member 12 is in a right circular cylinder, and the shield 13 is a curved plate which may be considered essentially a segment of such a cylinder.
  • the cylinder 12 is hollow, and its opposite ends are closed air-tight by end walls 14 in .one of which is provided an opening 15.
  • Suitable means e.g., a bracket arm arrangement connected to one of the end walls 14, may be provided for rigidly securing the cylinder to any available supporting surface.
  • the shield 13 is seated on the cylinder 12 with the aid of a pair of arcuate spacer members 16 which engage the cylinder at the ends thereof.
  • Bolts, screws or other fasteners 17 or such means as magnets, springs, etc. may be employed to secure the shield ,to the cylinder.
  • an arcuate passageway extending partly along the circumference of the cylinder, the height or thickness of which passageway depends on the dimensions of the spacer members 16. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, these spacer members are of uniform radial thickness.
  • the height of the passageway i.e., the radial or perpendicular distance from the surface of the cylinder to the adjacent surface of the shield, is uniform from the inlet at which the tow T enters the passageway to the outlet at which the tow leaves the passageway in the form of the flat band B.
  • the spacer members 16 may be constructed in the form of arcuate wedges 38, increasing gradually in thickness from one end to the other as depicted in FIGURE 12. If the shield 13 is positioned atop such spacers, its edge at the inlet end of the passageway will be either closer to or farther away from the surface of the cylinder than the edge at the outlet end, depending on the orientation of the spacer wedges, thereby providing a passageway the height of which varies from inlet to outlet. This is diagrammatically illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, from which it can be seen that if the thinner ends of the spacer wedges face toward the source of the tow (FIG.
  • the inlet dimension a of the passageway is smaller than the outlet dimension b, while if the thinner ends of the spacer wedges face away from the source of the tow (FIG. 9), the inlet dimension a of the passageway is greater than the outlet dimension b.
  • the cylinder 12 in a segmental region of the wall thereof corresponding essentially to the arc of the shield 13, is provided with a plurality of openings in the form ofnarrow elongated slots 18 which, in this embodiment of the invention, are parallel to one another and oriented perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the tow T through the passageway.
  • the openings 18 may, as hereinbefore set forth, be constituted by respective sets of small circular openings ,or apertures in substantially diametral alignment With each other.
  • the openings 18 establish communication between the interior of the cylinder 12 and the tow passageway.
  • Pressurized air or similar fluid is fed into the interior of the cylinder 12 from a source 19 thereof, e.g., a compressor or the like, via a duct or hose 20 which is connected to the cylinder end wall opening 15 and controlled by a regulating valve 21.
  • the cylinder interior thus constitutes a plenum chamber from which the air is admitted into the passageway via the openings 18.
  • the tow is generally pulled through the banding jet 11 by positively driven rolls (not shown).
  • the tension on the filaments should be not greater than about to about 1000 milligrams per fil.
  • the pressurized air reaching the plenum chamber constituted by the hollow interior of the cylinder 12 expands in the latter and then enters the filament passageway over substantially the entire expanse thereof. Due to the uniform dimensions of the passageway, this air will diffuse in both directions from each slot or opening, i.e., both codirectionally with and countercurrent to the moving tow, toward the inlet as well as toward the outlet of the passageway.
  • This action which is effectively superimposed on the relatively turbulent air flow conditions existing at the locations of the various slots or openings, ensures that the filamentary tow is spread into the form of a flat band or ribbon having substantially the same width as the passageway.
  • the openings 18 in the cylinder 12 will generally be formed radially of the cylinder, so that the pressurized air enters the passageway radially and tends to be distributed substantially equally both in and opposite to the direction of movement of the tow through the passageway. For purposes of either retarding or accelerating the tow movement, it may at times be desired, however, that air entering the passageway should flow either preferentially in the direction of movement of the tow or preferentially opposite to the direction of movement of the tow. In the banding jet of FIGS. 1 to 4, this goal may be achieved by concentrating the openings either adjacent the outlet end or adjacent the inlet end of the passageway.
  • FIG. 5 Similar results may be achieved by employing a slightly modified banding jet construction of the type illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • a banding jet of this type the openings 18a in the cylinder 120 are formed non-radially, i.e., chordally, of the cylinder. Accordingly, air admitted into the passageway defined between the cylinder 12a and its associated shield 13 will tend to flow primarily in a clockwise direction relative to the cylinder (as viewed in FIG. 5). Thus, this airflow will be in the direction of movement of the tow if the latter is being fed through the passageway in the direction of the arrow X, and opposite to the direction of the movement of the tow if the latter is being fed through the passageway in the direction of the arrow Y.
  • the airflow will have a tendency to accelerate the movement of the tow through the passageway, thereby decreasing the tension on the filaments of the tow.
  • the airflow will have a tendency to retard or brake the movement of the tow, thereby increasing the tension on the filaments of the tow.
  • either an acceleration or a braking of the tow movement through the passageway may also be achieved with the use of radial slots or openings, such as 18, by the provision of a passageway the height of which varies from the tow inlet to the tow outlet of the passageway.
  • the inlet dimension a is smaller than the outlet dimension b
  • the air admitted into the passageway will have a tendency to flow more freely in the direction of the outlet, whereby the tow movement will be accelerated.
  • the inlet dimension a is larger than the outlet dimension b
  • the air admitted into the passageway will have a tendency to flow more freely in the direction of the inlet, whereby the tow movement will be opposed and thus retarded.
  • the banding jet construction so far described are characterized by the fact that the openings in the cylinder extend perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the tow through the passageway, i.e., the openings extend along respective generatrices of the cylinder (or of the convex surface presented by any other non-cylindrical body), it is also within the contemplation of the present invention that these openings may be otherwise oriented, and in particular obliquely relative to the direction of tow movement, i.e. along the lines of intersection between the convex surface of the cylinder and a plurality of vertical planes disposed at respective acute angles to the horizontal axis of the cylinder.
  • the cylinder 12b see FIG.
  • the cylinder (see FIG. 7) is provided with two sets of substantially parallel oblique openings or slots 18c and 18d, with the slots 18c being oriented transversely to the slots 18d. These two sets of slots thus are oblique to the direction of tow movement in opposite senses and are arranged in a herringbone pattern.
  • a particular advantage accruing from the use of a banding jet of the types represented by FIGS. 6 and 7 is that the air entering the passageway acts differentially on the various filaments of the tow and on various laterally adjacent groups or sub-bundles of filaments.
  • the air entering the passageway acts differentially on the various filaments of the tow and on various laterally adjacent groups or sub-bundles of filaments.
  • the air-admitting openings need not be exclusively located in the convex boundary surface, i.e. the cylindrical member, of the jet.
  • the banding jet 22 comprises an imperforate cylinder or like convexly surfaced member 23 partly about which extends a hollow shield 24 to the interior chamber 25 of which air or like fluid under pressure can be introduced via an inlet port 26.
  • the shield is supported on and spaced from the member 23 by spacers 16 (as in the jets of FIGS. 1 to 9), and
  • the radially innermost wall 27 of the shield 24 is provided with air-admitting openings 28 through which the air from the plenum chamber 25 enters the passageway.
  • the jet 29 comprises a hollow cylindrical or like convexly surfaced member 30 and a hollow shield 31 partly surrounding it and spaced therefrom by spacers 16. Both these members are provided within the bounds of the passageway defined t-herebetween with respective sets of air-admitting openings 32 and 33 to enable air introduced into the respective plenum chambers 34 and 35 through the ports 36 and 37 to enter the tow or filament passageway.
  • the openings 32 and '33 are seen to be offset relative to one another.
  • the openings 28, 32 and 33 may, in terms of dimension, shape and/or orientation, be identical to any of the sets of openings 18 to 18d illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 7, and that the passageways between the members 23 and 30 and their respective shields or covers 24 and 31 may be of uniform height throughout or of variable height as indicated diagrammatically in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the arcuate concavely surfaced shield 13, and the convexly surfaced member 12 may define a variable arc length of between about 75 and 180, as shown in FIGURE 12.
  • arcuate wedge-shaped spacer members may be employed.
  • the air-admitting openings can be formed in any suitable manner.
  • elongated slots these may be formed by means of a double angle cutter mounted on a milling machine.
  • a cutter could be employed to mill an angular groove from either the inside or the outside of the hollow member (cylinder or shield) until a 0.001 inch slit is broken through, after which the slot may be enlarged manually under periodic checking with a feeler gauge up to the desired dimension.
  • This type of slot will, of course, have its walls angled one relative to the other, either symmetrically or asymmetrically with respect to its longitudinal center line.
  • a slitting saw could be employed to form the slots, in which case the Walls of each slot will be parallel to one another.
  • arcuate banding jets leads to a further advantage in the overall processing of filamentary material such as tow.
  • filamentary material such as tow.
  • special bars, rails, rings or other guides must be provided either at the inlet or at the outlet of the banding jet, and in many cases at both of these locations, to orient the filamentary material in the proper direction for banding and subsequent treatments.
  • the banding jets according to the present invention by virtue of the curvature of the passageway, inherently provide for a change in the direction of movement of the tow and thus are able to serve both the basic spreading function and the auxiliary guiding function.
  • the banding jets employing a curved passageway ac cording to this invention are also found to operate in a superior manner with respect to plane passageway jets.
  • the uniformity of spreading achieved is appreciably greater than in the standard jets, and the curved passageway banding jets function exceedingly well in removing false twist and longitudinal folds from tow as the latter is extracted from a bale.
  • a banding jet with an arcuate filament passageway was constructed from a hollow aluminum cylinder 6 inches in outer diameter and a 120 cover or shield disposed concentrically with respect to the cylinder.
  • the cylinder Was provided with 0.008 inch wide parallel slots which were milled into the cylinder from the outside with the aid of a 45 double angle cutter head the axis of cutting of which was oriented perpendicularly to the surface of the cylinder.
  • the cover or shield was affixed to the cylinder in such a relative position that the slots were located between and from the entrance to the passageway.
  • the jet was rigidly mounted 8 feet above a bale of 3.2 denier per filament50,000 total denier tow of cellulose acetate continuous filaments and in such a position that the passageway entrance was parallel to the floor. Air under a pressure of 2.25 p.s.i. was used, supplied by a 75 cubic feet per minute pump. The tension required to move this tow through the jet at uniform velocity was about 2 mgm. per filament or a total of about 30 gm. During a onehour run, no folds or false twists passed the jet, and the tow band width control was markedly superior to anything achieved with a standard flat banding jet.
  • an arcuate air jet according to the present invention When an arcuate air jet according to the present invention is employed in feeding fabrics or sheet materials, such as marquisettes, tricots, light-weight paper or plastic sheeting, or like materials of relatively little dimensional stability which would tend to be distorted or damaged by conventional feed rolls and tension-varying means, it is found that an air pressure of about 1 p.s.i. supplied by a pump having a delivery rate of about 25 cubic feet per minute yields very good results.
  • incompressible fluids e.g., liquids
  • incompressible fluids may also be used in association with a treatment of the filamentary material while immersed in a liquid bath.
  • the liquid applied to the material in the jet may be inert with respect to the composition of the filamentary material being treated, thus serving merely a feeding function (with or without accompanying acceleration or retardation), or it may be physically and/or chemically reactive relative to said material.
  • the openings in the jets employed in this manner will be somewhat larger than those in the air jets, although in any given case of either type the sizes of the openings will depend on the characteristics of the fluid being applied to the filamentary material as well as on the desired flow rates.
  • a banding jet comprising a pair of members present ng, e pectively, a convex surface and a concave surface, said members being juxt-aposed to one another and spacer means interposed between said members to space the concave surface from the convex surface so as to define between said surfaces a smoothly curved, shallow, relatively wide passageway, the convexly surfaced member being hollow and adapted to receive within its interior a pressurized fluid, said convexly surfaced member being provided within the region of said convex surface thereof with a plurality of narrow openings disposed angularly relative to the arc length of said passageway and facilitating admission of said pressurized fluid into said passageway.
  • a banding jet comprising a pair of members presenting, respectively, a convex surface and a concave surface, said members being juxtaposed to one another and spacer means interposed between said members to space the concave surface from the convex surface so as to define between said surfaces a smoothly curved, shallow, relatively wide passageway, the concavely surfaced member being hollow and adapted to receive within its interior a pressurized fluid, said concavely surfaced member being provided within the region of said concave surface thereof with a plurality of narrow openings disposed angularly relative to the arc length of said passageway and facilitating admission of said pressurized fluid into said passageway.
  • a banding jet comprising a pair of members presenting, respectively, a convex surface and a concave surface, said members being juxtaposed to one another to define between said surfaces a smoothly curved, shallow, relatively wide passageway, both said members being hollow and each being adapted to receive within its respective interior a pressurized fluid, the concavely surfaced member in the region of the concave surface thereof and the convexly surfaced member in the region of said convex surface thereof being provided with respective narrow openings offset with respect to each other and disposed angularly relative to the arc length of said passageway and facilitating admission of said pressurized fluid into said passageway.
  • a banding jet comprising a hollow cylinder closed at its opposite ends, a curved shield juxtaposed to said cylinder and extending partly about the same, and spacer means interposed between said cylinder and said shield to space the concave surface of said shield from the convex surface of said cylinder so as to define between said shield and cylinder a smoothly curved shallow passageway, said cylinder being provided over a segmental portion of its periphery, the arc length of which is less than that of said shield, with a plurality of openings oriented angularly relative to the circumferential direction of said cylinder, the interior of said hollow cylinder being adapted to receive a pressurized fluid, and said openings facilitating admission of the pressurized fluid into said passageway.
  • a banding jet according to claim 5 the curvature of said concave surface of said shield being equal to that of said convex surface of said cylinder, and said spacer means comprising a pair of uniformly dimensioned arcu-ate bars, so that the radial height of said passageway is uniform from the inlet end to the outlet end thereof.
  • a banding jet according to claim 5 said openings in said segmental portion of said cylinder being formed to direct the respective streams of the pressurized fluid, at
  • a banding jet according to claim 5 said openings extending parallel to the axis of said cylinder.
  • a banding jet according to claim 5 at least some of said openings extending obliquely to the axis of said cylinder.
  • a banding jet according to claim 5 said openings being concentrated in that portion of said periphery of said cylinder which is coextensive with the initial section of said passageway.
  • a banding jet according to claim 5 said openings being substantially parallel to one another and extending perpendicularly to said path of movement of said strand through said passageway.
  • a banding jet according to claim 5 said openings being substantially parallel to one another and extending obliquely to said path of movement of said strand through said passageway.
  • a banding jet according to claim 5 said openings being arranged in two groups with the openings in each group being substantially parallel to one another, said openings in at least one of said groups extending obliquely to said path of movement of said strand through said passageway, and said openings in each group being oriented substantially transversely to the openings in the other group, thereby to define a herringbone pattern of said openings.
  • a banding jet comprising a pair of members presenting, respectively, a convex surface and a concave surface, said members being juxtaposed to one another to define between said surfaces a smoothly curved, shallow, relatively wide passageway, the convexly surface-d member being hollow and adaptedto receive within its interior a pressurized fluid, said convexly surfaced member being provided within the region of said convex surface thereof with a plurality of narrow openings disposed angularly relative to the arc length of said passageway and facilitating admission of said pressurized fluid into said passageway, said convex surf-ace being of cylindrical curvature, and the arc length of said passageway being between about 75 and 19.
  • the banding jet of claim 18 said openings in said convex surface extending along respective generatrices of said convex surface.
  • the banding jet of claim 18 at least some of said openings in said convex surface extending obliquely relative to the axis of curvature of said convex surface.
  • the banding jet of claim 18 said openings being arranged in a herringbone pattern.
US307389A 1963-09-09 1963-09-09 Cylindrical banding jets Expired - Lifetime US3286307A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US307389A US3286307A (en) 1963-09-09 1963-09-09 Cylindrical banding jets
SE10647/64A SE302422B (de) 1963-09-09 1964-09-04
GB36272/64A GB1074549A (en) 1963-09-09 1964-09-04 Apparatus for use in treating or feeding continuous material
DK438164AA DK118937B (da) 1963-09-09 1964-09-05 Apparat til åbning og parallellægning af filamentvæger.
NO154677A NO123901B (de) 1963-09-09 1964-09-08
NL6410453A NL6410453A (de) 1963-09-09 1964-09-08
DE19641435417 DE1435417A1 (de) 1963-09-09 1964-09-08 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung von Fasermaterial
BE652857D BE652857A (de) 1963-09-09 1964-09-09
CH1177264A CH449481A (fr) 1963-09-09 1964-09-09 Procédé pour soumettre une matière fibreuse en mouvement à l'action d'un fluide compressible fourni sous pression et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre
FR987611A FR1417180A (fr) 1963-09-09 1964-09-09 Appareil servant au traitement ou à l'avance d'une matière en fibres

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US307389A US3286307A (en) 1963-09-09 1963-09-09 Cylindrical banding jets

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US3286307A true US3286307A (en) 1966-11-22

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US (1) US3286307A (de)
BE (1) BE652857A (de)
CH (1) CH449481A (de)
DE (1) DE1435417A1 (de)
DK (1) DK118937B (de)
GB (1) GB1074549A (de)
NL (1) NL6410453A (de)
NO (1) NO123901B (de)
SE (1) SE302422B (de)

Cited By (22)

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US3345697A (en) * 1964-07-27 1967-10-10 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for banding filamentary tow
US3431602A (en) * 1967-06-01 1969-03-11 Kimberly Clark Co Tow spreading device
US3785062A (en) * 1972-05-26 1974-01-15 Eastman Kodak Co Method and apparatus for controlling the manufacture of synthetic fibers
US3786574A (en) * 1972-05-26 1974-01-22 Eastman Kodak Co Method for removing water from tow
US3795944A (en) * 1971-12-08 1974-03-12 Philco Ford Corp Pneumatic spreading of filaments
US3873389A (en) * 1971-12-08 1975-03-25 Philco Ford Corp Pneumatic spreading of filaments
US3910320A (en) * 1972-05-26 1975-10-07 Eastman Kodak Co Tow dewatering jet device
US4035878A (en) * 1974-11-06 1977-07-19 Sw (Delaware), Inc. Apparatus for smoothing the surfaces of moving webs
US4120713A (en) * 1976-06-21 1978-10-17 A/S Weston Taeppefabrik Process and apparatus for the continuous production of a fibrous web-like pile product
FR2826672A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-03 Snecma Moteurs Procede et dispositif pour realiser une nappe fibreuse par etalement de cables
US20080182099A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-07-31 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Robust electrodes for shape memory films
US20080206550A1 (en) * 2007-02-26 2008-08-28 Michael Jeremiah Borlner Hydrophobic surface
US20080213570A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-09-04 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Self-assembled conductive deformable films
US20080245413A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-09 Hang Ruan Self assembled photovoltaic devices
US20080261044A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2008-10-23 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Rapidly self-assembled thin films and functional decals
US20090035513A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2009-02-05 Michael Jeremiah Bortner Tethered nanorods
US20090087348A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2009-04-02 Richard Otto Claus Sensor applications
US20090104438A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Abrasion resistant coatings
US20090104434A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Conformal multifunctional coatings
US20090136574A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-05-28 Galderma S.A. Compositions comprising at least one aqueous phase and at least one fatty phase which comprises avermectin compounds
EP2213184B1 (de) 2003-11-25 2013-01-09 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Filtertowmaterial sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filtern
US20190275705A1 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 Aerlyte, Inc. Fiber-reinforced composites and methods of forming and using same

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DE4010700A1 (de) * 1990-04-03 1991-10-10 Hoechst Ag Tampon und verfahren zu dessen herstellung

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US2737688A (en) * 1953-05-25 1956-03-13 Eastman Kodak Co Tow opening device
US2908045A (en) * 1955-10-20 1959-10-13 Eastman Kodak Co Method for removing false twist and longitudinal folds from continuous filament crimped tow
US2968982A (en) * 1957-11-08 1961-01-24 Walter F Cousino Feeding apparatus
US3017309A (en) * 1957-02-21 1962-01-16 Eastman Kodak Co Method for the manufacture of filters composed of cellulose acetate
US3065551A (en) * 1957-07-22 1962-11-27 Samcoe Holding Corp Reel dryer
US3144025A (en) * 1960-04-25 1964-08-11 Reeves Bros Inc Tobacco smoke filters
US3167408A (en) * 1961-11-16 1965-01-26 Beloit Corp Dryer hood construction for web material

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2737688A (en) * 1953-05-25 1956-03-13 Eastman Kodak Co Tow opening device
US2908045A (en) * 1955-10-20 1959-10-13 Eastman Kodak Co Method for removing false twist and longitudinal folds from continuous filament crimped tow
US3017309A (en) * 1957-02-21 1962-01-16 Eastman Kodak Co Method for the manufacture of filters composed of cellulose acetate
US3065551A (en) * 1957-07-22 1962-11-27 Samcoe Holding Corp Reel dryer
US2968982A (en) * 1957-11-08 1961-01-24 Walter F Cousino Feeding apparatus
US3144025A (en) * 1960-04-25 1964-08-11 Reeves Bros Inc Tobacco smoke filters
US3167408A (en) * 1961-11-16 1965-01-26 Beloit Corp Dryer hood construction for web material

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3345697A (en) * 1964-07-27 1967-10-10 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for banding filamentary tow
US3431602A (en) * 1967-06-01 1969-03-11 Kimberly Clark Co Tow spreading device
US3795944A (en) * 1971-12-08 1974-03-12 Philco Ford Corp Pneumatic spreading of filaments
US3873389A (en) * 1971-12-08 1975-03-25 Philco Ford Corp Pneumatic spreading of filaments
US3910320A (en) * 1972-05-26 1975-10-07 Eastman Kodak Co Tow dewatering jet device
US3786574A (en) * 1972-05-26 1974-01-22 Eastman Kodak Co Method for removing water from tow
US3785062A (en) * 1972-05-26 1974-01-15 Eastman Kodak Co Method and apparatus for controlling the manufacture of synthetic fibers
US4035878A (en) * 1974-11-06 1977-07-19 Sw (Delaware), Inc. Apparatus for smoothing the surfaces of moving webs
US4120713A (en) * 1976-06-21 1978-10-17 A/S Weston Taeppefabrik Process and apparatus for the continuous production of a fibrous web-like pile product
FR2826672A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-03 Snecma Moteurs Procede et dispositif pour realiser une nappe fibreuse par etalement de cables
WO2003004744A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-16 Snecma Propulsion Solide Procede et dispositif pour realiser une nappe fibreuse par etalement de cables
US6836939B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2005-01-04 Snecma Propulsion Solide Method and device for producing a textile web by spreading tows
US20080261044A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2008-10-23 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Rapidly self-assembled thin films and functional decals
EP2213184B1 (de) 2003-11-25 2013-01-09 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Filtertowmaterial sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filtern
US20090136574A1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-05-28 Galderma S.A. Compositions comprising at least one aqueous phase and at least one fatty phase which comprises avermectin compounds
US20080182099A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-07-31 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Robust electrodes for shape memory films
US20100012267A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2010-01-21 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Robust electrodes for shape memory films
US20090087348A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2009-04-02 Richard Otto Claus Sensor applications
US20080213570A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-09-04 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Self-assembled conductive deformable films
US20080206550A1 (en) * 2007-02-26 2008-08-28 Michael Jeremiah Borlner Hydrophobic surface
US20090035513A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2009-02-05 Michael Jeremiah Bortner Tethered nanorods
US20080245413A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-09 Hang Ruan Self assembled photovoltaic devices
US20090104438A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Abrasion resistant coatings
US20090104434A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Jennifer Hoyt Lalli Conformal multifunctional coatings
US20190275705A1 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 Aerlyte, Inc. Fiber-reinforced composites and methods of forming and using same
US10518442B2 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-12-31 Aerlyte, Inc. Fiber-reinforced composites and methods of forming and using same
US11220025B2 (en) 2018-03-06 2022-01-11 Aerlyte, Inc. Methods of separating carbon fiber tows

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK118937B (da) 1970-10-19
NL6410453A (de) 1965-03-10
SE302422B (de) 1968-07-15
BE652857A (de) 1965-03-09
NO123901B (de) 1972-01-31
CH449481A (fr) 1967-12-31
GB1074549A (en) 1967-07-05
DE1435417A1 (de) 1968-10-31

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