US3274702A - Ovens for treating compressed coal briquettes - Google Patents

Ovens for treating compressed coal briquettes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3274702A
US3274702A US284683A US28468363A US3274702A US 3274702 A US3274702 A US 3274702A US 284683 A US284683 A US 284683A US 28468363 A US28468363 A US 28468363A US 3274702 A US3274702 A US 3274702A
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cylinder
gases
briquettes
oven
treating
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US284683A
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Kleinberg Gustave
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
    • C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/26—After-treatment of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/28—Heating the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes; Coking the binders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the thermal treatment of fuel blocks or fuel briquettes or sorted coals adapted to undergo a transformation by heat at a comparatively low temperature of from 250 to 450 C., for instance, and more particularly to the production of non smoke-producing fuel blocks such as spheros or ovoids from coal agglomerates made with various binders such as pitch, bitumen, resins, sulfite lyes from paper-mills, starch etc.
  • Briquetted calibrated fuel materials are generally of a brittle nature at temperatures in the range of 100 C. and can withstand only low weights without being deformed. They harden at higher temperatures, for instance at 300 or 400 C., and may then reach a high resistance, of the order of 100 kg./sq. crn. Such brittleness at the starting of the heating process, raises difficult problems in connection with the construction of the oven for carrying out the thermal treatment, since the agglomerated blocks cannot be piled up in layers of sufiicient height without the danger of the underlying blocks being crushed.
  • Oven assemblies for drying various products are well known, which may or may not comprise oppositely disposed battles, with the product to be dried being traversed by at least one heating gas flow.
  • Some of the devices of the known art provide simply a zig-zag shaped chute for the discharge of the product, while others use mechanical means for regulating the discharge.
  • the known equipments however all have the drawback of not allowing a uniform treatment of the fuel blocks and a delivering of a substantial amount of broken blocks.
  • this invention provides an improved oven for the thermal treatment of fuel briquettes which, while being of a simple and economical construction, delivers a product of a high homogeneity, the hot gases used for the thermal treatment of the blocks being distributed in a perfectly uniform manner throughout the thickness of the load.
  • an oven for the thermal treatment of fuel briquettes, blocks, or sorted coals which includes an upright enclosure provided at its upper end with an inlet opening for the products to be treated and at its lower end with a discharge opening for the treated products and other, secondary products, which may possibly be formed.
  • Bafile members are located in the oven, including superposed sloping partitions, connected, alternatively, to two oppositely, disposed walls at their upper edge, and defining a free axial central space, with means for introducing into the enclosure a flow of gases through the products.
  • the oven assembly being arranged such that the vertical spacing between two succeeding, external or internal, baffle members, is smaller than the thickness of the material layer which would cause the crushing of the products underlying the layer.
  • the battle members have their 3,274,702 Patented Sept. 27, 1966 "ice lower edges located substantially on a same vertical line, the upper edges of the set of external battle members being substantially at the same levels as the lower edges of the set of inner baffle members, openings being formed immediately under the partitions forming the baffles, so that, at the top, the heating gas enters under a baffle member and flows out below one of the baffle members at the upper level. In the middle portion, the treating gas penetrates below a baflle member and flows out below one of the baffle members of the upper level. Finally, none of the gas outlets occur at the level of a gas inlet or outlet.
  • the oven enclosure includes a cylindrical ring, the bafile plates therein being arranged in the shape of truncated cones. These plates or partitions may be solid or provided with perforations.
  • the inlet and outlet openings for the treating gases are located just below the partitions so as to be protected thereby. They may be placed in alternating array below each one of the plates located on the same side or, below certain of the plates only, or on two of the oven walls facing each other.
  • the charge introduced at the top of the oven slips down uniformly therethrough as the treated products are extracted at the lower end, while the active gases, which are uniformly distributed in the free space below the baffle plate overlying their corresponding input openings, fiow in an amount several times the volume of the enclosed material resting on the baflle plates between an inlet opening and a discharge opening in such a manner that the contact betweeen the products to be treated and the hot gases is as intimate as possible, and the gases diffuse very uniformly through the whole enclosure of each level.
  • the battle members suitably spaced over the whole height of the oven, reduce the crushing load exerted on the ball-shaped blocksor boulets--of the lower layers, so that they do not suffer any distortion and/or are not crushed by the weight of the overlying layers, even though, as is the case with the pitch and bitumen bound coal blocks, these soften down at the heating temperature and harden up only at a higher temperature, i.e. in the treatment or reaction zone of the oven.
  • the cylindrical shape as described for the oven is, of course, optional and is given by way of example only: any other shapefor instance that of a parallelepipedon may be equally suitable.
  • the essential point lies in the fact that the blocks or calibrated coal lumps move down from the upper level to the lower level in a vertically disposed enclosure, merely under the effect of gravity, to be discharged at the lower level, that the path followed is in staggered order and that the thermal treat ment gases are caused to pass several times through the whole depth of the slowly descending material, and thus give up thereto the major part of their heat, without leaving open any other path of lesser resistance, to bypass, partly or totally, the load therein.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic vertical, cross-sectional view of an embodiment, by way of example, of an oven for treating ball-shaped coal blocksor bouletsaccording to the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a horizontal cross-section through line IIII of FIG. 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic vertical, cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the oven according to the invention.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 there is shown an oven in accordance with the invention, consisting of two-coaxial vertical cylinders 1 and 2, the outer cylinder 1 being divided into six stages or levels 2 1 through 26.
  • the height h of each stage may vary according to the nature and, especially, to the resistance of the compressed blocks to be treated. In the case of ovoids of low resistance which tend to soften down during heating, as well as with those using a binder such as pitch or bitumen, this height should not generally exceed one meter and should preferably be from 50 to 60 cm.
  • bafile members including partitions 3 and 4 shaped as truncated cones and secured, alternatively, onto the inner outer surface of the wall of outer cylinder 1 and onto the wall of inner cylinder 2, respectively, the arrangement comprising partitions 41 through 46 and partitions 51 through 56, .a respective one of each of the last named partitions for each stage.
  • the lower free edges of partitions 41-46 and 51-56 lie approximately on the same virtually vertical cylinder.
  • Every second partition, namely partitions 5'1, '53 and 55 is formed with holes 5 for the passage of the gases, holes 5 being dimensioned so as not to allow the passage therethrough of the products treated.
  • the oven comprises inlet openings 82, 83 and 85 located, respectively, below partitions 42, 43 and 45 and outlet openings 91, 24 and 96, located respectively, below partitions 41, 44, 46. Openings 82 and 83 connect to the hot gas supplies, respectively, one being at the heating temperature lower than the treating temperature, while opening 85 connects to a cooling gas supply.
  • the outlet openings 91, 94 and 96 are connected either to a vent duct, or to a. reheater for the combustion air of the hearth generating the active hot gases.
  • the wall of the inner cylinder 2 is pierced with holes 9 to allow the passage of the gases to an axially located shaft 10 provided with an adjusting flap valve 11 for the complete closing thereof, when necessary.
  • a funnel 12 ending in a discharge conduit 13 is located inside the inner cylinder 2, below the perforated area 9. This cylinder is closed at its upper end by a cap 14, whereas the outer cylinder 1 is fitted, at its upper end, with a loading hopper 15 and, at its lower end, with a discharge hopper 16 under which there is secured a revolving hearth 1-7.
  • this revolving hearth '17 is effective in causing the treated products to be uniformly discharged, the products in the course of treatment sliding uniformly down through the battle arrangement, as they are being discharged, following a zig-zag path, under the effect of gravity brought about by the suitable inclination of partitions 41-46 and 5156.
  • the amounts of the products to be treated corresponding to the amounts discharged are progressively loaded into the oven.
  • the treating gases which ensure, successively, the heating up of the ovoids, then their treatment proper at the reaction temperature and finally the cooling thereof, twice cross the fuel layer as limited by the height of a corresponding stage, following the paths indicated in solid lines 18a, 18b, and 180. If desired, by opening the flap valve 11, a more or less substantial amount of the treating gases may be discharged through the central shaft 10 (path 18d shown in dashed lines), the condensed tar material being collected through funnel 12 and discharged through conduit 13.
  • the general arrangement of the oven is substantially similar to that previously described (the same elements in the figure being designated by identical reference numbers).
  • the only difference lies in that the inlet openings 83 and discharge openings 94 for the hot reaction gases proper are substituted by perforated areas 104 and 103 formed in the inner cylinder 2, above and below funnel 12, respectively, that hot gases being introduced into the space defined by said cylinder and conduit 13, below funnel 12, through a conduit 19.
  • the treating gases flow in a counter-current along path 180, as the heating and cooling gases, instead of flowing in parallel relationship with the compressed ovoids as shown in FIGURES 1 and 2.
  • a kiln for the thermal treatment of briquettes comprising a housing including a first cylinder concentric with and enclosed in a second cylinder, said first cylinder having a perforated opening near the center thereof, said cylinders being arranged in spaced relation to define an annular space therebetween, an opening at the upper end of said housing for permitting introduction of said briquettes into said annular space and an opening at the lower end of said housing for dis-charging said briquettes therefrom, a plurality of first baffle members having edge portions secured to the perimeter of said first cylinder and spaced in a vertical direction relative to each other, the alternate of said first bafi le members being perforated to allow gases to pass therethrough, a plurality of imperforate second bafile members having edge portions secured to the inner wall of said second cylinder and spaced in a vertical direction relative to each other, said first and second baffle members comprising a series, the alternate ones of which project in opposite directions, said first and second baflie members further arranged such that the free edge

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
US284683A 1962-06-04 1963-05-31 Ovens for treating compressed coal briquettes Expired - Lifetime US3274702A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR899652A FR1338873A (fr) 1962-06-04 1962-06-04 Four pour le traitement thermique des agglomérés combustibles ou charbons classés

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US3274702A true US3274702A (en) 1966-09-27

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DE (1) DE1961531U (de)
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GB (1) GB1037694A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3371429A (en) * 1966-05-09 1968-03-05 Miller Equipment Company Material processing tower
US3387837A (en) * 1965-05-11 1968-06-11 Canal Ludwig Process and device for melting on melting shelves
US3749549A (en) * 1972-01-31 1973-07-31 B Henderson Continuous heating apparatus for granular material
US3864845A (en) * 1973-11-19 1975-02-11 Robert P Cooper Grain drying process and system and apparatus therefor
US3905124A (en) * 1973-11-19 1975-09-16 Robert P Cooper Grain drying process
US4539917A (en) * 1983-09-21 1985-09-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Combustion heater for oil shale
US4601811A (en) * 1983-09-21 1986-07-22 The United States Of America As Represented By United States Department Of Energy Process for oil shale retorting using gravity-driven solids flow and solid-solid heat exchange
US20060123655A1 (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-15 Ingenieria Mega S.A. Continuous flow grain dryer
WO2008076692A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Uop Llc Screenless moving bed reactor
WO2012055125A1 (zh) * 2010-10-26 2012-05-03 西峡龙成特种材料有限公司 重力推进式煤物质分解设备
CN103396810A (zh) * 2013-07-05 2013-11-20 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种用于生物炭生产的立式热解设备
CN107263659A (zh) * 2016-08-03 2017-10-20 浙江长兴布莱蒙农业机械科技有限公司 一种松毛虫病的松木处理装置及处理方法

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3206259C2 (de) * 1982-02-20 1985-03-21 Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Kraftstoff AG, 5000 Köln Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trocknen von pulverförmigen und agglomerierten Feststoffen
US5772661A (en) 1988-06-13 1998-06-30 Michelson; Gary Karlin Methods and instrumentation for the surgical correction of human thoracic and lumbar spinal disease from the antero-lateral aspect of the spine
US7534254B1 (en) 1988-06-13 2009-05-19 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Threaded frusto-conical interbody spinal fusion implants
US6120502A (en) 1988-06-13 2000-09-19 Michelson; Gary Karlin Apparatus and method for the delivery of electrical current for interbody spinal arthrodesis
US7491205B1 (en) 1988-06-13 2009-02-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Instrumentation for the surgical correction of human thoracic and lumbar spinal disease from the lateral aspect of the spine
US6923810B1 (en) 1988-06-13 2005-08-02 Gary Karlin Michelson Frusto-conical interbody spinal fusion implants
US5484437A (en) 1988-06-13 1996-01-16 Michelson; Gary K. Apparatus and method of inserting spinal implants
US6123705A (en) 1988-06-13 2000-09-26 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Interbody spinal fusion implants
US5015247A (en) 1988-06-13 1991-05-14 Michelson Gary K Threaded spinal implant
US6210412B1 (en) 1988-06-13 2001-04-03 Gary Karlin Michelson Method for inserting frusto-conical interbody spinal fusion implants
US7452359B1 (en) 1988-06-13 2008-11-18 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Apparatus for inserting spinal implants
EP0703757B1 (de) 1988-06-13 2003-08-27 Karlin Technology, Inc. Gerät zum einsetzen von rückenwirbelimplantaten
US6770074B2 (en) 1988-06-13 2004-08-03 Gary Karlin Michelson Apparatus for use in inserting spinal implants
ATE282366T1 (de) 1993-06-10 2004-12-15 Karlin Technology Inc Wirbeldistraktor
US5885299A (en) 1994-09-15 1999-03-23 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Apparatus and method for implant insertion
CN1134810A (zh) 1995-02-17 1996-11-06 索发默达纳集团股份有限公司 改进的体内脊骨融合植入件
US6758849B1 (en) 1995-02-17 2004-07-06 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Interbody spinal fusion implants
LU90534B1 (fr) * 2000-02-28 2001-08-29 Wurth Paul Sa Four multi--tages avec -vacuation de gaz

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US167837A (en) * 1875-09-21 Improvement in apparatus for steaming grain
US190810A (en) * 1877-05-15 Improvement in apparatus for curing grain
US308475A (en) * 1884-11-25 eastwick
US334987A (en) * 1886-01-26 Chaeles f
US685336A (en) * 1900-07-31 1901-10-29 Prosper Leroy Apparatus for drying grain.
US803424A (en) * 1905-05-03 1905-10-31 Charles A Matcham Apparatus for cooling granular material.
FR469434A (fr) * 1913-05-20 1914-07-31 Georges Desaulles Appareil pour le séchage, le touraillage, l'humidification et le traitement de produits quelconques
US1685338A (en) * 1925-01-28 1928-09-25 Oliver W Randolph Drying
GB326871A (en) * 1928-12-20 1930-03-20 Hermann Filsz Improvements in or relating to shaft drivers for grain or the like
US2069192A (en) * 1936-01-29 1937-01-26 Yorktown Electric Roaster Mfg Automatic roaster
US2245664A (en) * 1937-12-08 1941-06-17 Gronert August Drying shaft for granular loose material
US2361151A (en) * 1942-11-25 1944-10-24 Claude R Wickard Cooker and dehydrator
US2759274A (en) * 1956-08-21 Jonsson

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2759274A (en) * 1956-08-21 Jonsson
US190810A (en) * 1877-05-15 Improvement in apparatus for curing grain
US308475A (en) * 1884-11-25 eastwick
US334987A (en) * 1886-01-26 Chaeles f
US167837A (en) * 1875-09-21 Improvement in apparatus for steaming grain
US685336A (en) * 1900-07-31 1901-10-29 Prosper Leroy Apparatus for drying grain.
US803424A (en) * 1905-05-03 1905-10-31 Charles A Matcham Apparatus for cooling granular material.
FR469434A (fr) * 1913-05-20 1914-07-31 Georges Desaulles Appareil pour le séchage, le touraillage, l'humidification et le traitement de produits quelconques
US1685338A (en) * 1925-01-28 1928-09-25 Oliver W Randolph Drying
GB326871A (en) * 1928-12-20 1930-03-20 Hermann Filsz Improvements in or relating to shaft drivers for grain or the like
US2069192A (en) * 1936-01-29 1937-01-26 Yorktown Electric Roaster Mfg Automatic roaster
US2245664A (en) * 1937-12-08 1941-06-17 Gronert August Drying shaft for granular loose material
US2361151A (en) * 1942-11-25 1944-10-24 Claude R Wickard Cooker and dehydrator

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3387837A (en) * 1965-05-11 1968-06-11 Canal Ludwig Process and device for melting on melting shelves
US3371429A (en) * 1966-05-09 1968-03-05 Miller Equipment Company Material processing tower
US3749549A (en) * 1972-01-31 1973-07-31 B Henderson Continuous heating apparatus for granular material
US3864845A (en) * 1973-11-19 1975-02-11 Robert P Cooper Grain drying process and system and apparatus therefor
US3905124A (en) * 1973-11-19 1975-09-16 Robert P Cooper Grain drying process
US4539917A (en) * 1983-09-21 1985-09-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Combustion heater for oil shale
US4601811A (en) * 1983-09-21 1986-07-22 The United States Of America As Represented By United States Department Of Energy Process for oil shale retorting using gravity-driven solids flow and solid-solid heat exchange
US20060123655A1 (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-15 Ingenieria Mega S.A. Continuous flow grain dryer
WO2008076692A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Uop Llc Screenless moving bed reactor
EP2094381A1 (de) * 2006-12-21 2009-09-02 Uop Llc Schirmloser beweglicher bettreaktor
EP2094381A4 (de) * 2006-12-21 2011-08-03 Uop Llc Schirmloser beweglicher bettreaktor
WO2012055125A1 (zh) * 2010-10-26 2012-05-03 西峡龙成特种材料有限公司 重力推进式煤物质分解设备
CN103396810A (zh) * 2013-07-05 2013-11-20 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种用于生物炭生产的立式热解设备
CN103396810B (zh) * 2013-07-05 2014-12-10 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种用于生物炭生产的立式热解设备
CN107263659A (zh) * 2016-08-03 2017-10-20 浙江长兴布莱蒙农业机械科技有限公司 一种松毛虫病的松木处理装置及处理方法
CN107263659B (zh) * 2016-08-03 2019-11-12 浙江长兴布莱蒙农业机械科技有限公司 一种松毛虫病的松木处理装置及处理方法

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Publication number Publication date
FR1338873A (fr) 1963-10-04
DE1961531U (de) 1967-06-08
GB1037694A (en) 1966-08-03

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