US308475A - eastwick - Google Patents

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US308475A
US308475A US308475DA US308475A US 308475 A US308475 A US 308475A US 308475D A US308475D A US 308475DA US 308475 A US308475 A US 308475A
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drier
bone
black
air
plates
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/14—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
    • F26B17/1433—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material
    • F26B17/1441—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material the members or bodies being stationary, e.g. fixed panels, baffles, grids, the position of which may be adjustable

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  • the ordinary process of revivifying boneblack after it has lost its effectiveness from use consists in first thoroughly washing the bone-black in water, drying it, and then heating it in red-hot retorts out of contact with air to destroy and carbonize adhering organic matter; and for the sake of economy the drier is usually placed over the kiln containing the retorts, so as to become heated by the waste gases therefrom, and sometimes the drier constitutes a part of the kiln.
  • This invention relates to the construction of the drier and to the method of drying, consisting in the application of currents of air for rapidly absorbing and carrying off the moisture which the bone-black contains, and for' oxidizing organic matter contained in the bone-black.
  • Figure 1 is a transverse sectional elevation of a drier made in accordance with my invention, and taken on the line may of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the drier, taken on the line y y of Fig. 1.
  • Figs. 8 and 4 are respectively transverse and longitudinal sectional elevations of a modified form of the drier.
  • Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 are similar views showing two other modifications of the apparatus; and
  • Fig. 9 is a detailed view showing a modification of the central air-flue.
  • the letters A A. represent the end walls of the drier.
  • B B represent double sets of horizontallyarranged flues. These dues are made triangular in cross-section, and each flue is formed with the upwardly-projecting. flange a and downwardly-projecting lip b, and the fines B are secured at their ends to the walls A A in .such manner as to register with the openings (No model.)
  • the sides of the drier are built up of the inclined retaining-slats or iron plates D D, held in diagonal pdsition and a short distance apart to form passages d d between them out to the open air, and the said plates D D are so placed relative to the flues B B as to form the irregular spaces or passages G G, to which the boneblack to be dried is fed from the hopper H.
  • the plates D at the lower part of the drier are made wider than the plates D above, for the purpose of bringing the bone-black into closer contact with the heated surfaces at the bottoms of the passages G G.
  • the doors I I when opened by levers I I and held by rods 1 I", serve to regulate the gradual discharge of the dried boneblack from the drier.
  • the fines E E in the form of apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2, have the openings 6 0 formed in them, through which the flame and products of combustion from the chambers J J pass into the said dues, and from these flues E E the products of combustion pass into the lower side chamber, K, thence through the six lower flues, B, (serving to heat them,) to the opposite side chamber, K, thence back through the four upper flues, B, and fine B to the upper chambenK, thence out of the opening K to the chimney.
  • the airheating pipe L In the heating-chambers J is placed the airheating pipe L, through which air is forced by a suitable fan or blower, and in which the air is heated.
  • the heated air enters the side pipes, M M, fromthe pipe L, and from these passes through the valved openings f into the triangular flues B, which in this construction are arranged at the sides of the drier, as will be hereinafter described.
  • drier In the form of drier shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the products of combustion from the kiln F are not carried to the top of the drier, as in Figs. 1, 2, 7, and 8, but pass through the opening N, made near the bottom of the drier, directly to the chimney, and the central airchamber, 0, instead of having plain vertical side walls,its side walls are serrated or stepped to form theinclined snpportingsurfaees j and the ledges or horizontal portions j.
  • the openings g g are made through these horizontal portions j, for admitting heated air from the chamber 0 to the spaces h,for1ned by the boneblack and the ledges j, as indicated in dotted lines, and in this form of apparatus the heated air is almost wholly depended upon for drying the bone-black, there being no direct applica tion of heat from the products of combustion, as in Figs. 1 and 2, except at the inclined planes L.
  • the heated air is admitted to the triangular flues B, and these flues and the inclined plates D are reversed from the positions they occupy in the other figures of the drawingsthat is, the lines B are at the sides of the drier, while the plates D are placed one above the other in the center of the drier.
  • the heated air from heating-pipes L is conducted to the fines B through the pipes M M and valved openings f, as above mentioned, and from the fines B it passes through openings g into spaces It.
  • This roof I also serves to direct the bone-black as it enters the drier from the hopper H into the drying-spaces G G at both sides of the drier.
  • the products of combustion pass to the s top of the drier through the central serrated or stepped flue, B", so that direct heat from the products of combustion is applied to the boneblack from the time it enters the drier.
  • the products of combustion are givena circuitous course by'means of the plates 73, placed upon the horizontal portions j, as will be understood from the drawings, and in this form of apparatus the heated air from pipe L enters through openings d left between the adjacent edges of the side slats, D D and D.
  • the fine 0 (adapted for arrangement centrally in the drier, as are the fines 0, shown in Figs. 1 and 3) is shown formed of straight plates having the perforations (1 made through them for the passage out of the drier of the heated airafter it has passed through the bone-black, and over these openings or perforations d are secured the inclined plates D, which cause the bone-black to bank upon them and form the fines h, as in the other figures of the drawings.
  • the bone-black is introduced into the hopperH, and from thence passes down intospaces G G between the retaining plates or slats D D and fines B, and becomes heated from contact with the external surfaces of the fines B, which are heated by the products of combustion or by heated air passing through them,and the boneblack in the heating-spaces G presents columns or shallow layers, through which the heated air, issuing from openings g g or f f is forced.
  • the quan tity of material and speed at which it may pass through the dryingspaces G may be regulated by the doors I at the bottom of the columns, and the necessary quantity of air may be regulated by means of the valves g or f, which may be moved from the outside of the drier to open more or less the openings g and f, respectively.
  • the heated air In passing through the bone-black the heated air rapidly absorbs and carries off the moisture contained therein,
  • the chamber J in combination with the i B, to form spaces d, in combination With the horizontal flues and the heating-pipes L, conheating-pipes L, pipes M, and valved opennected with the hot-air passages, and valved ings f, arranged to operate substantiallyas openings arranged to discharge the hot air and for the purposes described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

(No Model.) 4 ShetsSheet 1. v
E. P. EASTWICK.
BONE BLACK DRIER.-
No. 308,475. Patented Nov. 25, 188 4.
. I; iiiwvlnmssEsfi Q Q N Q INVENTOR:
' 7 Z N ATTORNEYS.
(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet- 3.
E. P. EAST'WICK.
BONE BLACK DRIER.
No. 308,475. Patented Nov. 26, 1884.
WITNESSES: INVENTOR:
Jew Qfi g mm ATTORNEYS. I
4 Sheets-Sheet 4.
BONE BLACK DRIER.
E. P. EASTWIGK.
INVENTOR ail;
WITNESSES llmrnn STATES Fries.
PArnNr BONE-BLACK DRIER.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.308,475, dated November 25, 1884.
Application filed October 24, 1883.
To all whom, it may concern.-
Be it known that I, EDWARD P. EAsrwIoK, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Apparatus for Drying Bone-Black, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.
The ordinary process of revivifying boneblack after it has lost its effectiveness from use consists in first thoroughly washing the bone-black in water, drying it, and then heating it in red-hot retorts out of contact with air to destroy and carbonize adhering organic matter; and for the sake of economy the drier is usually placed over the kiln containing the retorts, so as to become heated by the waste gases therefrom, and sometimes the drier constitutes a part of the kiln.
This invention relates to the construction of the drier and to the method of drying, consisting in the application of currents of air for rapidly absorbing and carrying off the moisture which the bone-black contains, and for' oxidizing organic matter contained in the bone-black.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a transverse sectional elevation of a drier made in accordance with my invention, and taken on the line may of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the drier, taken on the line y y of Fig. 1. Figs. 8 and 4 are respectively transverse and longitudinal sectional elevations of a modified form of the drier. Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 are similar views showing two other modifications of the apparatus; and Fig. 9 is a detailed view showing a modification of the central air-flue.
Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the letters A A. represent the end walls of the drier.
B B represent double sets of horizontallyarranged flues. These dues are made triangular in cross-section, and each flue is formed with the upwardly-projecting. flange a and downwardly-projecting lip b, and the fines B are secured at their ends to the walls A A in .such manner as to register with the openings (No model.)
Placed upon flues B B, and arranged in such manner as to close the top of the passage 0, is the triangular flue B, and at the bottom the flues B B rest upon the triangular fiues E E, which rest upon the walls F on the kiln F, forming the base of the apparatus.
The sides of the drier are built up of the inclined retaining-slats or iron plates D D, held in diagonal pdsition and a short distance apart to form passages d d between them out to the open air, and the said plates D D are so placed relative to the flues B B as to form the irregular spaces or passages G G, to which the boneblack to be dried is fed from the hopper H.
The plates D at the lower part of the drier are made wider than the plates D above, for the purpose of bringing the bone-black into closer contact with the heated surfaces at the bottoms of the passages G G. p
The doors I I, when opened by levers I I and held by rods 1 I", serve to regulate the gradual discharge of the dried boneblack from the drier.
The fines E E, in the form of apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2, have the openings 6 0 formed in them, through which the flame and products of combustion from the chambers J J pass into the said dues, and from these flues E E the products of combustion pass into the lower side chamber, K, thence through the six lower flues, B, (serving to heat them,) to the opposite side chamber, K, thence back through the four upper flues, B, and fine B to the upper chambenK, thence out of the opening K to the chimney.
In the heating-chambers J is placed the airheating pipe L, through which air is forced by a suitable fan or blower, and in which the air is heated.
In the form of apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 the heated air passes from the pipe L to the central flue, O.
'In the form of drier shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the heated air enters the side pipes, M M, fromthe pipe L, and from these passes through the valved openings f into the triangular flues B, which in this construction are arranged at the sides of the drier, as will be hereinafter described.
In the form of drier shown in Figs. 1 and 2 ICO the heated air passes from the central passage,
0, through the valved openings 9 9, made between the fines B B, and out into the spaces h, formed below the fines B by the banking of the bone-black upon the upper inclined surfaces of the fines, as indicated in dotted lines; thence the air passes through the thin vertical body of bone-black and out of the drier through the spaces d d between the inclined plates D D, absorbing and carrying with it the moisture contained in the bone-black.
In the form of drier shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the products of combustion from the kiln F are not carried to the top of the drier, as in Figs. 1, 2, 7, and 8, but pass through the opening N, made near the bottom of the drier, directly to the chimney, and the central airchamber, 0, instead of having plain vertical side walls,its side walls are serrated or stepped to form theinclined snpportingsurfaees j and the ledges or horizontal portions j. The openings g g are made through these horizontal portions j, for admitting heated air from the chamber 0 to the spaces h,for1ned by the boneblack and the ledges j, as indicated in dotted lines, and in this form of apparatus the heated air is almost wholly depended upon for drying the bone-black, there being no direct applica tion of heat from the products of combustion, as in Figs. 1 and 2, except at the inclined planes L.
In the form of apparatus shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the heated air is admitted to the triangular flues B, and these flues and the inclined plates D are reversed from the positions they occupy in the other figures of the drawingsthat is, the lines B are at the sides of the drier, while the plates D are placed one above the other in the center of the drier. The heated air from heating-pipes L is conducted to the fines B through the pipes M M and valved openings f, as above mentioned, and from the fines B it passes through openings g into spaces It. formed by the banking of the bone-black, and thence through the thin columns of bone-black in the spaces G and out to the open air through spaces (1 d and open ing d, made near the top of the drier, the space between the plates D D being covered at the top by the peaked roof Dflwhich directs the current of air to the opening (1. This roof I) also serves to direct the bone-black as it enters the drier from the hopper H into the drying-spaces G G at both sides of the drier.
In the form of apparatus shown in Figs. 7
and 8 the products of combustion pass to the s top of the drier through the central serrated or stepped flue, B", so that direct heat from the products of combustion is applied to the boneblack from the time it enters the drier. In their passage up through the flue B the products of combustion are givena circuitous course by'means of the plates 73, placed upon the horizontal portions j, as will be understood from the drawings, and in this form of apparatus the heated air from pipe L enters through openings d left between the adjacent edges of the side slats, D D and D.
In Fig. 9 the fine 0 (adapted for arrangement centrally in the drier, as are the fines 0, shown in Figs. 1 and 3) is shown formed of straight plates having the perforations (1 made through them for the passage out of the drier of the heated airafter it has passed through the bone-black, and over these openings or perforations d are secured the inclined plates D, which cause the bone-black to bank upon them and form the fines h, as in the other figures of the drawings.
In all the difi'erent forms of the apparatus shown in the drawings it will be seen that irregular drying passages or spaces G for the bone-b1 aek are formed, causing the bone-black, when filled into the drying-spaces, to form the air-spaces h, into which the currents of air are forced, and that free passages for the air out of the apparatus after it has passed through the bone-black are furnished by the spaces left between the edges of the plates D or D and D.
In operation the bone-black is introduced into the hopperH, and from thence passes down intospaces G G between the retaining plates or slats D D and fines B, and becomes heated from contact with the external surfaces of the fines B, which are heated by the products of combustion or by heated air passing through them,and the boneblack in the heating-spaces G presents columns or shallow layers, through which the heated air, issuing from openings g g or f f is forced. The quan tity of material and speed at which it may pass through the dryingspaces G may be regulated by the doors I at the bottom of the columns, and the necessary quantity of air may be regulated by means of the valves g or f, which may be moved from the outside of the drier to open more or less the openings g and f, respectively. In passing through the bone-black the heated air rapidly absorbs and carries off the moisture contained therein,
and at the same time oxidizes organic matter contained in thebone-black.
In the form of apparatus shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the products of combustion pass to the chimney through the opening N,(shown clearly in Fig. 6,) made near the bottom of the drier, so that in this form, as in that shown in Figs. 3 and 4, no direct heat from the products of combustion is applied to the boneblack except at the inclined pl anes, marked k.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
1. The chamber J at the top of the kiln, containing the heating-pipes L, in combination with the drying apparatus, the pipes L I plates arranged at the sides of the drier, and being connected with the hot-air passages of the two central series of plates D, composed the drying apparatus, substantially as and for of plates, each inclined in a direction op- I 5 the purposes set forth. posite to that of the inclined plates of flues 5 2. The chamber J, in combination with the i B, to form spaces d, in combination With the horizontal flues and the heating-pipes L, conheating-pipes L, pipes M, and valved opennected with the hot-air passages, and valved ings f, arranged to operate substantiallyas openings arranged to discharge the hot air and for the purposes described.
into the drying-spaces h, substantially as and ED. P. EASTWIOK. IO for the purposes set forth. Witnesses:
3. The vertical series of horizontal fines B, i H. A. TEST,
the innerwalls of which are formed of inclined I O. SEDGWIcK.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274702A (en) * 1962-06-04 1966-09-27 Kleinberg Gustave Ovens for treating compressed coal briquettes
US4007014A (en) * 1973-01-16 1977-02-08 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Activated carbon revivification equipment

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274702A (en) * 1962-06-04 1966-09-27 Kleinberg Gustave Ovens for treating compressed coal briquettes
US4007014A (en) * 1973-01-16 1977-02-08 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Activated carbon revivification equipment

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