US3272622A - High heat resistant steels - Google Patents
High heat resistant steels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3272622A US3272622A US220160A US22016062A US3272622A US 3272622 A US3272622 A US 3272622A US 220160 A US220160 A US 220160A US 22016062 A US22016062 A US 22016062A US 3272622 A US3272622 A US 3272622A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- high heat
- steel
- alloys
- alloy
- heat resistant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
Definitions
- the present invention relates to alloy steels with a high resistance.
- it is directed to alloy steel intended preferably for use in the production of tools with very severe requirements for high heat resistance.
- the tools aforesaid are forging tools, hot-pressing tools, die-casting tools, and extrusion tools. Certain of those tools can attain temperatures of between 900 and 1000 C. when in use. As it is not possible for these tools to hold the said temperatures, they must be cooled down discontinuously with water, or in some other way, to temperatures of approximately 500. The said cooling takes place very rapidly, and therefore the requirements stipulated for the alloy used are very severe.
- alloys of, e.g. the following compositions have been used:
- the hot hardness of the above-mentioned steels has been determined with the aid of a Vickers diamond at the temperatures 600, 650, 700 and 750 C. All of the test pieces of the alloys have been hardened and tempered at 600 C. before the hardness testing. A summary of the hardness values is given in the following table:
- the heat resistance of the above-mentioned alloys is determined by the alloy elements, of which different alloys have different properties that raise the heat resistance. As a rule, the greater the content of the alloying element, the greater heat resistance is obtained. Most alloys, however, have the disadvantage that the greater the quantity of alloying element used, the poorer the heat-conducting properties of the alloy. The poorer the heat-conducting properties, the greater the risk for cracking on rapid cooling of a tool made of the alloy.
- steel V is the one most sensitive to heat checking; thereafter in the order mentioned: steels I, IV, II and III.
- the above-mentioned known steels can also contain 3,272,622 Patented Sept. 13, 1966 quantities of one or more of the alloys titanium, columbium and tantalum, with contents of up to 0.5%.
- a further object is to provide novel articles, such as tools, etc., made from such novel steel.
- the steel of this invention is characterized by its containing, 0.20-0.40% carbon; 0.20.5% of silicon; 2-3% of chromium; 2-3% of molybdenum; 03-06% of vanadium; and 2-3 of cobalt; and in addition, normal con-' A steel alloy is made according to this invention which has the following composition (in percent by weight) of alloying elements:
- the steel has the following hot hardness:
- Example 2 A steel is made in accordance with this invention which has the following composition:
- An alloy steel with a high heat resistance characterized by the feature that it consists essentially of: 0.28-0.32% carbon, 0.20-0.35% Si, 2.63.0% Cr, 2.63.0% Mo,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 1 Claim. 01. 75126) This application is a continuation of my pending ap plication, Serial No. 686,556, filed September 27, 1957, now abandoned.
The present invention relates to alloy steels with a high resistance. In particular it is directed to alloy steel intended preferably for use in the production of tools with very severe requirements for high heat resistance.
The tools aforesaid are forging tools, hot-pressing tools, die-casting tools, and extrusion tools. Certain of those tools can attain temperatures of between 900 and 1000 C. when in use. As it is not possible for these tools to hold the said temperatures, they must be cooled down discontinuously with water, or in some other way, to temperatures of approximately 500. The said cooling takes place very rapidly, and therefore the requirements stipulated for the alloy used are very severe.
Hitherto, alloys of, e.g. the following compositions have been used:
The hot hardness of the above-mentioned steels has been determined with the aid of a Vickers diamond at the temperatures 600, 650, 700 and 750 C. All of the test pieces of the alloys have been hardened and tempered at 600 C. before the hardness testing. A summary of the hardness values is given in the following table:
HOT HARDNESS D.P.![-I.
Steel N0 600 C. 650 C. 700 C. 750 C.
I 290 187 113 70 II 272 197 127 75 III .1 235 103 105 62 IV 312 205 108 67 V 276 232 180 137 The heat resistance of the above-mentioned alloys is determined by the alloy elements, of which different alloys have different properties that raise the heat resistance. As a rule, the greater the content of the alloying element, the greater heat resistance is obtained. Most alloys, however, have the disadvantage that the greater the quantity of alloying element used, the poorer the heat-conducting properties of the alloy. The poorer the heat-conducting properties, the greater the risk for cracking on rapid cooling of a tool made of the alloy.
Of the above-mentioned five alloys, it has proved that all of them are sensitive to cracking when cooled, but to different degrees. Thus, steel V is the one most sensitive to heat checking; thereafter in the order mentioned: steels I, IV, II and III.
The above-mentioned known steels can also contain 3,272,622 Patented Sept. 13, 1966 quantities of one or more of the alloys titanium, columbium and tantalum, with contents of up to 0.5%.
In the above-mentioned alloys it is known to vary the relation between the alloys contained in them, so that alloys with greater heat-resistance-raising properties dominate the alloy, a high heat resistance thus being obtained with as small a quantity of alloying elements as possible, in order to obtain high heat resistance, at the same time as good heat-conducting properties are obtained.
It is one of the principal objects of the present invention to provide a new alloy of the last-mentioned kind, i.e., with a low content of alloying elements and high heat resistance. A further object is to provide novel articles, such as tools, etc., made from such novel steel.
The steel of this invention is characterized by its containing, 0.20-0.40% carbon; 0.20.5% of silicon; 2-3% of chromium; 2-3% of molybdenum; 03-06% of vanadium; and 2-3 of cobalt; and in addition, normal con-' A steel alloy is made according to this invention which has the following composition (in percent by weight) of alloying elements:
ANALYSIS 0 Si Cr Mo The steel has the following hot hardness:
Steel No. 600 0. Hot hardness, D.P.1-I. at 750 0.
VI "I 350 225 This steel has proved to be superior to all hitherto known steels tested for which high heat resistance requirements are severe; and which at the same time must be capable of withstanding sudden cooling.
Example 2 A steel is made in accordance with this invention which has the following composition:
Percent It will be understood that the foregoing description of the invention and the example set forth are merely illustrative of the principles thereof. Accordingly the appended claim is to be construed as defining the invention within the full spirit and scope thereof.
What is claimed is:
An alloy steel with a high heat resistance characterized by the feature that it consists essentially of: 0.28-0.32% carbon, 0.20-0.35% Si, 2.63.0% Cr, 2.63.0% Mo,
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,496,980 6/1924 Armstrong 75l28 X 1,545,094 7/1925 Giles 75-128 X 2,289,449 7/1942 Nelson 75l26 4 FOREIGN PATENTS 377,011 7/1932 Great Britain. 404,565 1/1934 Great Britain.
5 DAVID L. RECK, Primary Examiner.
P. WEINSTEIN, Assistant Examiner.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE889056 | 1956-09-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3272622A true US3272622A (en) | 1966-09-13 |
Family
ID=20275274
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US220160A Expired - Lifetime US3272622A (en) | 1956-09-29 | 1962-08-29 | High heat resistant steels |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3272622A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH362707A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4358317A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1982-11-09 | Mitsubishi Steel Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Materials for a bit |
| FR2696757A1 (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-15 | Aubert Duval Sa | Composition of tool steels. |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1496980A (en) * | 1922-01-05 | 1924-06-10 | Percy A E Armstrong | Alloy steel for metal-cutting tools |
| US1545094A (en) * | 1923-08-18 | 1925-07-07 | David J Giles | Steel alloy |
| GB377011A (en) * | 1930-09-20 | 1932-07-21 | Krupp Ag | Improvements relating to the manufacture of articles of steel alloys |
| GB404565A (en) * | 1932-08-01 | 1934-01-18 | Krupp Ag | Improvements in the manufacture of articles from steel alloys |
| US2289449A (en) * | 1941-04-16 | 1942-07-14 | Bracburn Alloy Steel Corp | Die steel for hot working |
-
1957
- 1957-08-27 CH CH4985257A patent/CH362707A/en unknown
-
1962
- 1962-08-29 US US220160A patent/US3272622A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1496980A (en) * | 1922-01-05 | 1924-06-10 | Percy A E Armstrong | Alloy steel for metal-cutting tools |
| US1545094A (en) * | 1923-08-18 | 1925-07-07 | David J Giles | Steel alloy |
| GB377011A (en) * | 1930-09-20 | 1932-07-21 | Krupp Ag | Improvements relating to the manufacture of articles of steel alloys |
| GB404565A (en) * | 1932-08-01 | 1934-01-18 | Krupp Ag | Improvements in the manufacture of articles from steel alloys |
| US2289449A (en) * | 1941-04-16 | 1942-07-14 | Bracburn Alloy Steel Corp | Die steel for hot working |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4358317A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1982-11-09 | Mitsubishi Steel Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Materials for a bit |
| FR2696757A1 (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-15 | Aubert Duval Sa | Composition of tool steels. |
| WO1994009170A1 (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-28 | Aubert Et Duval S.A. | Tool steel compositions |
| US5622674A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1997-04-22 | Aubert Et Duval Sa | Tool steel compositions and method of making |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH362707A (en) | 1962-06-30 |
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