US3268962A - Method of casting - Google Patents

Method of casting Download PDF

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Publication number
US3268962A
US3268962A US349567A US34956764A US3268962A US 3268962 A US3268962 A US 3268962A US 349567 A US349567 A US 349567A US 34956764 A US34956764 A US 34956764A US 3268962 A US3268962 A US 3268962A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mold
casting
pressure
air
expansion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US349567A
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English (en)
Inventor
Claude L Roles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Corp
Original Assignee
Eaton Yale and Towne Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Yale and Towne Inc filed Critical Eaton Yale and Towne Inc
Priority to US349567A priority Critical patent/US3268962A/en
Priority to GB33618/64A priority patent/GB1014707A/en
Priority to NL6410801A priority patent/NL6410801A/xx
Priority to ES0304975A priority patent/ES304975A1/es
Priority to DEE28290A priority patent/DE1284573B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3268962A publication Critical patent/US3268962A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/70—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould, combined with mould opening, closing or clamping devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/26—Mechanisms or devices for locking or opening dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/06—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor involving features specific to the use of a compressible medium, e.g. air, steam
    • F15B11/072—Combined pneumatic-hydraulic systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/21—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge
    • F15B2211/212—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge the pressure sources being accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/21—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge
    • F15B2211/216—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge the pressure sources being pneumatic-to-hydraulic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
    • F15B2211/40515—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with variable throttles or orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/415—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit
    • F15B2211/41509—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and a directional control valve
    • F15B2211/41518—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and a directional control valve being connected to multiple pressure sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/42—Flow control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/426—Flow control characterised by the type of actuation electrically or electronically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/455—Control of flow in the feed line, i.e. meter-in control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/46—Control of flow in the return line, i.e. meter-out control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50554—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure downstream of the pressure control means, e.g. pressure reducing valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/625—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
    • F15B2211/6653—Pressure control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7053—Double-acting output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/885—Control specific to the type of fluid, e.g. specific to magnetorheological fluid
    • F15B2211/8855—Compressible fluids, e.g. specific to pneumatics

Definitions

  • the method embodying the invention was developed in connection with casting of gray iron in gray iron molds and will be dealt with in such connection in the following description. However, it will be recognized that the method of the invention may be used in metal casting involving materials other than gray iron.
  • Molds used for casting metals usually comprise a fixed mold half co-operating with a movable mold half to define a mold cavity.
  • an air cylinder has often been used for moving the movable mold half into contact ⁇ with the fixed mold half and for maintaining said contact during pou-ring of the metal into the mold. This has been found satisfactory when the mold is relatively small in that the mold will be held closed during pouring by an air cylinder, said air cylinder being weak enough to allow controlled expansion of the cooling material within the mold.
  • attempts to similarly mold larger pieces have shown that air cylinders capable of maintaining the mold closed during pouring will not displace sufficiently to allow proper expansion of the molding during cooling. As a result, breakage of the molding apparatus, typically the movable mold half, has occurred in several instances.
  • the objects of this invention include:
  • FIGURE l is a side View of a typical molding apparatus incorporating a permanent mold and capable of carrying out the method of the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a top view of the apparatus in FIG- URE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is an end elevational view of the apparatus of FIGURE 1, as taken from the rightward end thereof.
  • FIGURE 4 is a schematic diagram of apparatus for controlling the operation of the molding apparatus of FGURE l in accordance with the method yof the invention.
  • the invention consists of providing a permanent mold apparatus including fixed and movable mold halves with a pressure fluid cylinder affixed to ⁇ said movable mold half for holding said mold closed with two alternately applied forces of differing magnitudes.
  • control means are provided for maintaining said pressure fluid cylinder under a high pressure for holding the mold closed during pouring and until the casting reaches a particular, preselected, physical state following said pouring.
  • the second of said forces is of lower magnitude than said rst force and is applied by the pressure cylinder to firmly but resiliently resist opening of the mold until expansion of the casting overcomes same and to prevent breakage of parts of the apparatus due to such expansion, Upon contraction of the casting, said second, lower, force urges reclosing of the mold to maintain a preset pressure on the casting until it has cooled sufiiciently to be released from the mold.
  • the molding apparatus includes a fixed base 11 of any convenient type which supports a rightwardly (FIGURE l) extending framework 12.
  • the framework 12 comprises a spaced, generally parallel pair of extending members 13 and 14 vfixed at corresponding ends thereof to the base 11 and joined at their remaining ends by a generally upwardly extending support block 16.
  • An upstanding, generally planar backing plate 17 is afiixed to the inner face of the support block 16 and includes a sidewardly extending pair of ears 1S.
  • a fixed mold part 21 defines the stationary portion of the mold generally indicated at 22 and includes a pair of sidewardly extending and vertically widened lugs 23 which are normally disposed adjacent and preferably in contact with the ears 18 for engagement therewith by nutted bolts 24 whereby the fixed mold part 21 is positively supported on the framework 12.
  • the lugs 23 are preferably vertically slotted for vertical sliding movement thereof with respect to the ears 18 for effecting a vertical adjustment of the mold part 21 on the framework 12.
  • a positioning finger 26 is fixed to each side of the support block 16 and extends therefrom to a position under lug 23. Each of the positioning fingers 26 has a vertical positioning screw 27 threaded therein for supporting the lugs 23 and thence mold part 21 prior to the tightening of the bolts 24.
  • the members 13 and 14 and block 16 are preferably hollow to allow communication between suitable forced ventilation means not shown in the base 11 through suitable openings in the backing plate 17 with gas exhaust passages of any convenient type in the fixed mold part 21 for relieving gas pressure within the mold and for cooling said mold in a substantially conventional manner.
  • a generally vertical flange 31 extends outwardly from each side of the backing plate 17 above the ears 18 and an upright 32 is fixed to and extends upwardly from a base 11 opposite each of said flanges 31.
  • a guide, or strain, rod 33 is supported on and between the opposed ones of the flanges 31 and uprights 32 and is fixed thereto by nuts 34 threadedly engaging the ends of said guide rods.
  • the guide rods 33 are parallel and spaced from each other by the mold 22, said rods being generally parallel to the leftward (FIGURES l and 2) portions of the extended members 13 and 14 and being perpendicular to the parting plane of the mold 22.
  • a carriage 36 extends from and between axial bearings 37 slidably mounted on the guide rods 33 whereby the carriage 36 is slidable axially along the guide rods 33 toward and away from the parting face of the fixed mold part 21.
  • the carriage 36 has affixed thereto a pair of ears 18a and a pair of positioning fingers 26a with positioning screws 27a which are preferably identical to and opposed to corresponding parts of the support block 16.
  • a movable mold part 39 has sidewardly extending lugs 23a fixable to the ears 18a on the carriage 36 by bolts 24a for supporting said movable mold part 39 with respect to the carriage 36.
  • the mold 22 has a sprue 38 in the upper face thereof communicating with a suitable mold cavity, not shown, for filling same with molten metal.
  • a pressure fluid cylinder here a hydraulic cylin- 4 der 41, is mounted on the base 11 and has a plunger 42 extending rightwardly (FIGURES 1 and 2) therefrom and afiixed by a bolt 43 and bracket 46 to the carriage 36.
  • Said plunger 42 is preferably parallel to the guide rods 33 and spaced therebetween for moving the carriage V36 and mold part 39 along the guide rods 33.
  • FIGURE 4 discloses a control circuit 51 for controlling the actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 41.
  • the conn trol system 51 includes an electrical portion generally indicated at 52, a portion using a compressible pressure fluid such as air generally indicated at 53 and a portion utilizing a substantially non-compressible pressure fluid such as hydraulic fluid indicated generally at 54.
  • a source 56 of pressurized air connects through an air line 57 to the inlet side of a reversing valve 58.
  • the reversing valve 58 is movable to either of two positions by any convenient means here indicated for purposes of convenience in reference by palm buttons 61 and 62.
  • the reversing valve 58 connects also to an exhaust line 63 and through air lines 64 and 66 connects to the upper end of a pair of upstanding air-over-oil tanks 67 and 68, respectively.
  • the air line 64 has a branch air line 69 which connects the reversing valve 58 through au air pressure regulator 76 and a two-position diverting valve 77 t-o the upper end of a booster cylinder 78.
  • the diverting valve 77 in the position shown closes the line to the regulator 76 and exhausts the upper end of the booster cylinder 78 to the atmosphere. Diverting valve 77 connects the regulator 76 with the booster cylinder 78, this latter position being selected by actuation of a solenoid 79 against the urging of a return spring 81.
  • the booster cylinder 78 here includes a double-acting, air-operated piston 84 having a plunger 86 extending through the bottom of the air cylinder portion 87 of the booster cylinder 78 and into a hydraulic cylinder 88. The lower end of said air cylinder portion 87 is connected through an air line 89 and restrictive orifice 91 to a further diverting valve 92.
  • the diverting valve 92 is urged by a return spr-ing 93 into the position shown whereat it connects the restrictive orifice 91 to a source 56 of air pressure.
  • a solenoid 96 is actuable to urge the diverting valve 92 into another position whereat it connects the restrictive orifice 91 to an exhaust line 94.
  • a hydraulic fluid such as oil is contained in the lower portion of the tanks 67 and 68.
  • the lower portion of the tank 67 is connected by a hydraulic line 101 and port Iin the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 88 with a cylindrical passage 102 into which the plunger 86 is snugly reciprocable.
  • the lower end of the passage 102 connects through a hydraulic line 103 with the closed end of the hydraulic cylinder 41 of the molding apparatus 10.
  • the plunger end of the hydraulic cylinder 41 connects through a hydraulic line 104 to the lower end of the tank 68.
  • the booster cylinder 78 and tanks 67 and 68 as well as the air and hydraulic connections thereto are already known and are disclosed here only to indicate one of the number of possible circuits for controlling molding apparatus according to the method of the invention.
  • the electrical portion 52 of the circuit 51 also is known but will be described for purposes of illustration.
  • a supply voltage which may be of alternating polarity and whose source is not shown, is connected across the lines 106 and 107.
  • a normally open start switch 108 is in series with a relay coil 109 across the lines 106 and 107.
  • a timing motor 111 parallels the relay coil 109.
  • a normally open contact 112 of the relay coil 109 is connected in series with a normally closed contact 113 of the timing motor 111 to parallel the start switch 108.
  • the solenoid coils 79 and 96 are connected in parallel with a further normally open contact 114 of the relay 109 which is connected across the lines 106 and 107.
  • the switch 100 is closed whereby current flows through the relay 109 to close the contacts 112 and 114 thereof and -through the timing motor 111 to start timing thereby.
  • ⁇ Closure of the contact 112 shunts the switch 108 to allow opening thereof while maintaining the relay 109 and timing motor 111 energized.
  • ⁇ Closure of the contact 114 energizes t-he solenoids 79 and 96 to move the valves 77 and 92 away from their positions of FIGURE 4.
  • the valve 77 connects the upper end of air cylinder portion 87 to the air pressure source 56 and the valve 92 exhausts the lower end of the air cylinder portion 87.
  • the plunger 86 is moved downwardly and passes the connection of the hydraulic line 101 to the cylindrical passage 102 preventing escape of hydraulic fluid in the cylindrical passage 102 back into the line 101.
  • the pressure above said piston will exert a much greater force thereon than the similar pressure within the passage 102 exerts upon the lower end ⁇ of the plunger 86. Consequently, the plunger 86 will be moved downwardly by the piston 84 until the downward force on the piston 84 is opposed by an equal and opposite force on the end of plunger 86.
  • Such equal and opposite force is generated by a greatly increased pressure within the passage 102 caused by continued downward movement of the plunger 86, said increased pressure being comparable to the air pressure of the pressure source 56 in the ratio of the area of the piston 84 to the cross-sectional area of the end of the plunger 36.
  • the diameter of the piston 84 was five times that of the plunger 86 whereby the area ratio was 25 to 1.
  • 80 p.s.i. applied to the piston 84 moves same downwardly until a pressure of 2000 p.s.i. results within the passage 102.
  • This greatly increased pressure is applied to the plunger 42 of the hydraulic cylinder 41. Since the mold 22 is already closed, there will be essentially no increase in the extension of the plunger 42 despite the greatly increased pressure bearing thereupon.
  • the mold 22 may now be filled with molten metal from any convenient source, not shown, and through the inlet sprue 38 thereof.
  • the force which may be termed a clamping force, exerted by the plunger 42 on the mold half 39 is suicient to maintain the mold 22 closed during pouring.
  • the casting is allowed an initial cooling period before the timing motor 111 times out.
  • Gray iron castings for example, have been allowed to cool to approximately 1900 to 2000 degrees Fahrenheit before the timing motor 111 times out. At this temperature, the casting has a skin hardness although it is still not hard. inside. Also at this point, expansion becomes significant and tends to separate the mold halves with considerable force.
  • Timing out of the timing motor 111 opens the contact 113 thereof Ithereby opening the current path through the relay coil 109 and timing motor 111. The relay 109 is thus de-energized and the contacts 112 and 114 thereof opened. Contact 113 preferably closes after the opening of the contact 112 to reset the timing motor 111 for a future operation cycle.
  • Opening of the contact 114 de-energizes the solenoids 79 and 96 whereby the springs 81 and 93 return the valves 77 and 92 to the positions shown in FIGURE 4.
  • Return of the valve 77 exhausts the upper end of the 'air cylinder portion 87.
  • Return of the valve 92 connects the air pressure source 56 therethrough to the lower portion of the air cylinder portion S7 to move the piston 84 and plunger 86 thereof upwardly.
  • the high clamping pressure needed during pouring is reduced to a smaller holding pressure.
  • the mold is still urged tow-ard a closed position but by a suiciently smaller force that expansion of the casting and a slight opening of the mold is now allowed to take place.
  • the casting stops expanding and begins to contract.
  • the aforementioned holding force maintains the mold parts 21 and 39 in rm contact with the casting during contraction thereof to firmly support the casting at all ⁇ times during its cooling.
  • the valve 58 is moved leftwardly by the palm button 62 whereby the air pressure of the source 56 is applied to the tank 63 and the tank 67 4is allowed to exhaust its air pressure.
  • Pressurization of the tank 68 sends hydraulic fluid through the line 104 lto retract the plunger -42 of the hydraulic cylinder 41 whereby the mold halves 21 and 39 .separate to allow removal of the casting therefrom.
  • the apparatus is in condition to perform another molding cycle as described hereinabove without further adjustment.
  • timing motor 111 and circuitry associated therewith may be replaced by a suitable pyrometric device whereby the release of clamping pressure wil-l occur at directly measured molding temperature point.
  • a method for casting metal capable of expanding while it is being cooled from a molten condition to a solid condition in a multipart permanent mold which comprises the steps of:
  • a method of casting iron in a permanent iron mold which comprises the steps of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
US349567A 1964-03-05 1964-03-05 Method of casting Expired - Lifetime US3268962A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US349567A US3268962A (en) 1964-03-05 1964-03-05 Method of casting
GB33618/64A GB1014707A (en) 1964-03-05 1964-08-17 Method of casting
NL6410801A NL6410801A (es) 1964-03-05 1964-09-16
ES0304975A ES304975A1 (es) 1964-03-05 1964-10-16 Un procedimiento para moldear metal en un molde permanente de metal similar.
DEE28290A DE1284573B (de) 1964-03-05 1964-12-03 Kokillen-Giessverfahren

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US349567A US3268962A (en) 1964-03-05 1964-03-05 Method of casting

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3268962A true US3268962A (en) 1966-08-30

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US349567A Expired - Lifetime US3268962A (en) 1964-03-05 1964-03-05 Method of casting

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3268962A (es)
DE (1) DE1284573B (es)
ES (1) ES304975A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1014707A (es)
NL (1) NL6410801A (es)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435880A (en) * 1966-02-08 1969-04-01 Impact Casting Co Inc Apparatus for die casting materials of relatively high melting temperatures
US3693702A (en) * 1970-04-15 1972-09-26 Rolf Piekenbrink Pressure casting machine with pressure increase system
US3734673A (en) * 1970-04-04 1973-05-22 Metal Castings Doehler Ltd Die casting and like apparatus
US3803842A (en) * 1971-05-20 1974-04-16 K Aoki Device for keeping metal mold in a clamped state
GB2412142A (en) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-21 Stansted Fluid Power Pressure intensifier mounting assembly

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2145956A (en) * 1937-06-09 1939-02-07 Gen Motors Corp Die casting machine
US2367727A (en) * 1941-12-13 1945-01-23 Henry E Mcwane Apparatus for casting articles in permanent metal molds
US2567715A (en) * 1946-02-19 1951-09-11 Western Electric Co Hydraulic press control
US2869190A (en) * 1956-04-18 1959-01-20 Schofield H Bruce Two-stage power apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2145956A (en) * 1937-06-09 1939-02-07 Gen Motors Corp Die casting machine
US2367727A (en) * 1941-12-13 1945-01-23 Henry E Mcwane Apparatus for casting articles in permanent metal molds
US2567715A (en) * 1946-02-19 1951-09-11 Western Electric Co Hydraulic press control
US2869190A (en) * 1956-04-18 1959-01-20 Schofield H Bruce Two-stage power apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435880A (en) * 1966-02-08 1969-04-01 Impact Casting Co Inc Apparatus for die casting materials of relatively high melting temperatures
US3734673A (en) * 1970-04-04 1973-05-22 Metal Castings Doehler Ltd Die casting and like apparatus
US3693702A (en) * 1970-04-15 1972-09-26 Rolf Piekenbrink Pressure casting machine with pressure increase system
US3803842A (en) * 1971-05-20 1974-04-16 K Aoki Device for keeping metal mold in a clamped state
GB2412142A (en) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-21 Stansted Fluid Power Pressure intensifier mounting assembly
US20070280836A1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2007-12-06 Freeman Alan J M High Pressure Pumping Apparatus
GB2412142B (en) * 2004-03-19 2008-08-13 Stansted Fluid Power High pressure pumping apparatus and methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6410801A (es) 1965-09-06
GB1014707A (en) 1965-12-31
DE1284573B (de) 1969-04-03
ES304975A1 (es) 1965-03-16

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