Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
  • C11D1/655—Mixtures of sulfonated products with alkylolamides of carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
  • C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2068—Ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
  • C11D3/3418—Toluene -, xylene -, cumene -, benzene - or naphthalene sulfonates or sulfates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/523—Carboxylic alkylolamides, or dialkylolamides, or hydroxycarboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain one hydroxy group per alkyl group

Definitions

• heavy duty liquid detergent compositions contain synthetic organic nonsoap water-soluble anionic detergents in combination with other ingredients, notably higher fatty acid alkanol amides, sodium tripolyphosph-ate, tetrasodium or tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium toluene sulfonate, sodium silicates, alkalies such as sodium carbonate, and the like, the solids content being about to by weight, balance water.
• Such heavy duty liquid detergent compositions are designed to remove difiicultly removable soil from fabrics and to prevent redeposition of the soil on the Washed fabrics.
• One of the problems in the production of fully satisfactory heavy duty liquid detergent compositions is to provide compositions which have high solids content, say to which are stable and from which separation of ingredients or formations of layers will not occur on standing over appreciable periods of time, and which do not require the presence of silicates and which, therefore, are mild so far as their lack of irritation to the skin is conce'rned.
• the production of such compositions requires not only a careful balancing of a number of essential ingredients but, in addition, it also requires particular mixing or blending procedures which, unless reasonably followed, will not result in the production of a satisfactory final heavy duty liquid detergent composition.
• the heavy duty liquid detergents of the present in vention contain, as essential ingredients, in the ranges of proportions set forth hereafter, (1) water-soluble lower alkanolamine salts of higher alkyl benzene or toluene sulfonic acids, (2) an organic solubilizing agent or mixture of solubilizing agents, (3) certain polyphosphates, notably tetrasodium or tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, or mixtures of sodium tripolyphosphate with sodium hexametaphosphate, (4) certain fatty acid alkanolamides, (5) sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and (6) methylcellulose. Supplemental agents of various types, referred to here after, are desirably included in the heavy duty liquid detergents but they are not essential.
• a water-soluble alkanolamine salt of an alkyl benzene or toluene sulfonic acid in which the alkyl group contains predominately from 8 to 16 carbon atoms and more particularly predominately 12 to 15 carbon atoms, especially satisfactory being the alkanolamine salts of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid and tridecyl benzene sulfonic acid and mixtures thereof.
• the lower alkanolamines which are utilized to form the salts of said alkyl benzene sul-fonic acids may be selected from.
• alkanolamines utilized should, for best results, have a vapor pressure not appreciably below that of diethanolamine, and they should form, with the alkyl benzene or toluene sulfonic acids, salts which are highly soluble in water. Diethanolarnine and triethanolamine and commercial mixtures containing the same are especially satisfactory.
• the alkyl benzene sulfonic acids are best made by alkylating benzene or toluene with polypropylenes but other sources of the alkyl radicals can, of
• alkanolamine salts of the alkyl benzene or not. toluene sulfon-ic acids should constitute between 10 and 25% by weight of the heavy duty liquid detergent com,. position and, more desirably, should lie within the range of 16 to 21%. It may be noted that alkanolamine salts of allyl benzene sulfonic acids have heretofore been utilized in liquid detergents, but, so far as known, they have not been successfully employed in heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• aryl sulfonic acids such as benzene sulfonic acid, toluene sulfonic acid, ethyl benzene sulfonic acid, xylene sulfonic acids which includes mixed isomers, isopro-pyl benzene sulfonic acid; lower alkyl ethers of glycols and polyglycols such as monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol, monobutyl ether of diethylene glycol, monoisopropyl ether of diethylene glycol, monoethyl ether o-f butylene glycol; and mixtures of any of the foregoing with such glycols as hexylene glycol, heptylene glycol, and the like. Th proportions of the solubilizers will generally range from about 5 to 12% on the active basis,
• the polyphosphates which serve to impartlthe heavy duty detergent characteristics, are, generallyselected from the group comprising tetrapotassium pyrophosphate and 1 Other polyphosphates pentapotassium tripolyphosph-ate. which can be used, but less desirably, are mixtures of sodium tripolyphosphate with suflicient sodium hexarmetaphosphate, preferably inabout a 1:1 ratio in the mixture, to effect proper solubilization of the sodium tripolyphosphate in the heavy duty liquid detergent. compositions.
• the polyphosphate content will generally range from about 15 to 22% by weight of the heavy duty liquid detergent composition with 18 to 20% representing a preferred range. I
• the next essential ingredient is a fatty acid alkanolamide and it may be either a monoalkanolamide or a dialkanolamide. Particularly satisfactory are those alkanolamides of predominately lauric or myristic (C and C acids or G -C unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic" t acid.
• alkanolamides of various alkanolamines can be used such as those derived from monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoand di-propanolamines, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolarnine, butanolamines, hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine, glycerol monoamines, and the like, especially useful are the lauric, myristic and coconut oil mixed fatty acid (or special fractions thereof high in lauric acid) alkanolamides of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoisopropanolamine.
• Monoalkanolamides are ferred due to stability characteristics.
• the proportions of said alkanolamides generally will range from 2 to 6%, with 3 to 4% being particularly preferred, said percentages being by weight of the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• the remaining essential ingredients which have heretofore been used in heavy duty liquid detergent formulations, are sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and methylcellulose.
• the carboxymethyl cellulose serves as a soil suspending agent and the methylcellulose also functions at least in part for the same purpose but, in addition, it aids in maintaining the carboxymethyl cellulose in stable suspension in the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• Illustrative forms of these ingredients which can be utilized in the compositions of the present invention are those disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
• the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is used generally in proportions of about 0.1 to 0.3%, preferably 0.15 to 0.2%; and the methylcellulose is used generally in proportions of about 0.5 to 0.8%, preferably 0.6 to 0.7%, based on the weight of the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• various supplemental ingredients can be incorporated into the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• these comprise, by way of example, various ethylene oxide adducts which can be employed in small proportions. They are derived from reacting ethylene oxide with an alkyl phenol or a higher molecular weight aliphatic alcohol such as octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol or tetradecyl alcohol, or mixtures of said alcohols whereby to introduce from 3 to 15 oxyethylene groups into the molecule.
• an alkyl phenol or a higher molecular weight aliphatic alcohol such as octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol or tetradecyl alcohol, or mixtures of said alcohols whereby to introduce from 3 to 15 oxyethylene groups into the molecule.
• the alkyl radical of the alkyl phenol may contain from to carbon atoms but especially satisfactory is nonyl'phenol; and use of adducts thereof containing a chain of from 4 to 6 ethylene oxide groups is preferred.
• the ethylene oxide adducts, when utilized, are employed in proportions in the range of 0.5 to 4%, generally from 1 to 2%, said percentages being by weight of the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• supplemental ingredients are chelating agents such as tetrasodium salt of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, fluorescent dyes, optical brighteners, perfumes, bacteriostats, coloring dyes, corrosion inhibitors, and the like, all of which, when utilized, are employed in small proportions, most of them well below 1% by weight of the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• chelating agents such as tetrasodium salt of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, fluorescent dyes, optical brighteners, perfumes, bacteriostats, coloring dyes, corrosion inhibitors, and the like, all of which, when utilized, are employed in small proportions, most of them well below 1% by weight of the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• the balance of the essential ingredients is water, in which the other ingredients are dissolved or suspended, and which, in the particularly preferred aspects of the invention, will be present in proportions of 40 to by weight of the heavy duty liquid detergent compositions.
• Example I Weight percent Diethanolamine salt of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid 20.86 Sodium xylene (mixed isomers) sulfonate (40% active) 18.75 Hexylene glycol 2.0 4 mol ethylene oxide adduct of nonyl phenol 1.0 Why acid amide of mono-isopropanolamine 3.0 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 19.0
• Example 1 The composition of Example 1 was prepared as follows, all parts stated being by weight:
• compositions of parts A and B hereof were then thoroughly mixed together and parts of a 60% aqueous solution of tetrapotassium pyrophosphate were added slowly with a minimum of air entrainment and maximum agitation at a temperature of about 50 degrees C., followed by the addition of 38.4 parts of diethanolamine, and the perfume was then added.
• the addition of the diethanolamine, or other alkanolamine be effected after the addition of the tetrapotassium pyrophosphate or other polyphosphates.
• the stability of the final heavy duty liquid detergent depends to a material extent upon the order of certain of the above-disclosed mixing steps and temperatures, especially in part C where the diethanolamine follows the addition of the tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, and where the temperature is approximately 50 degrees C. It is especially advantageous to use a temperature of about 50 degrees C.
• Example 2 Weight percent Diethanolamine salt of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid 20.86 Sodium xylene (mixed isomers) sulfonate (40% active) 20 6-mol ethylene oxide adduct of nonyl phenol 1.5 Erasmus acid amide of monoethanolamine 3.0 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 20 Carboxymethyl cellulose (DuPont P-125M) 0.15 Methocel (Dow cps.) 0.7 Perfumes and color (to suit). Water (additional) 32
• Example 3 Weight percent Diethanolamine salt of dodecyl benzene sulfonic caba a 8111i125115552551 8;i is fiii: 0.1's
• Methocel (Dow cps.) 0.7 Perfumes and color (to suit). Water (additional) 31.1
• compositions of Examples 2 and 3 are made in the manner described in Example 1.
• Water 40 to 50 the steps which comprise forming a substantially uniform solution in water of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, the organic solubilizing agent and the member selected from the group consisting of alkyl benzene and toluene sulfonic acids in which the alkyl radical contains predominately from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, then adding the fatty acid alkanolamide in molten form and thoroughly admixing, then adding an aqueous solution of the polyphosphate, and then adding the lower alkanolamine in amounts essentially to form the alkanolamine salt of said member selected from the group consisting of alkyl benzene and toluene sulfonic acids in which the alkyl radical contains from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl radical contains predomithe steps which comprise forming a substantially uniform solution in water of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, adding the methyl cellulose and agitating said mixture to effect the production of a substantially uniform admixture, adding water thereto, then adding the sodium xylene sulfonate and the member selected from the group consisting of alkyl benzene and toluene sulfonic acids in which the alkyl radical contains predominately from 12 to 15 carbon atoms, then adding the fatty acid alkanolamide in molten form and thoroughly admixing at a temperature of about 50 to 70 degrees C., then adding an aqueous solution of the tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, and then adding the member selected from the group consisting of diethanolamine and triethanola-mine in amounts essentially to form the corresponding salt of

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=7602477

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (12)

Families Citing this family (10)

Citations (7)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 0
  • GB GB1084061D patent/GB1084061A/en active Active
  • CA CA797197A patent/CA797197A/en not_active Expired
• 1961
  • 1961-04-10 US US101660A patent/US3232880A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1965
  • 1965-12-09 DE DE19651467704 patent/DE1467704B1/de active Pending
  • 1965-12-23 BE BE674244A patent/BE674244A/xx unknown
  • 1965-12-28 FR FR43996A patent/FR1462001A/fr not_active Expired

Patent Citations (7)

Also Published As

Similar Documents