US3222873A - Groutable rock anchor - Google Patents

Groutable rock anchor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3222873A
US3222873A US128054A US12805461A US3222873A US 3222873 A US3222873 A US 3222873A US 128054 A US128054 A US 128054A US 12805461 A US12805461 A US 12805461A US 3222873 A US3222873 A US 3222873A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rod
rock
hole
grout
gripping
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US128054A
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English (en)
Inventor
Chester I Williams
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US128054A priority Critical patent/US3222873A/en
Priority to NO145194A priority patent/NO115285B/no
Priority to DE19621484587 priority patent/DE1484587C/de
Priority to GB29337/62A priority patent/GB970775A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3222873A publication Critical patent/US3222873A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/808—Ground anchors anchored by using exclusively a bonding material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement

Definitions

  • This invention relates to lanchoring devices used in construction projects; and particularly to the type that is placed in a hole drilled in a rock formation, and locked in position with a cement mixture. This type of device is particularly useful in securing the rock formation itself in the area adjacent the project.
  • These devices may be used also to anchor forms in posiiton for confining liquid concrete as it is poured.
  • the anchors are usually in the form of rods extending into holes to a depth of from 4 to feet. The insertion of the cementitious grout under pressure has the effect of providing a uniform bond between the anchor and the rock over substantially the entire length of the bore hole. It also seals off water seepage and fills seams and voids in the formation along the drilled hole.
  • Grouted anchors are not broadly new, and the present invention provides an improved construction that simplifies installation and assures adequate application of the grout. It is conventional to inject the grout near the surface of the bore hole, and to provide a vent near the inner extremity of the bore hole for the escape of the entrapped air as the grout progressively fills the hole.
  • the vent extends from the inner extremity of the bore hole to the surface, and the emergence of the grout at this vent is the accepted indication of the completion of the grout application.
  • an undulated anchor rod provides a very substantial increase in efficiency over the use of a conventional corrugatedsurface straight rod.
  • the undulated anchor in a small hole has an effect which is in addition to its functions when such an anchor is incorporated in large masses of concrete.
  • the tendency for the undulated rod to defiect under load causes a tendency for the axis to move toward a straight line. Such action has a corresponding tendency to force the surrounding grout more securely into engagement with the rock at the wall of the bore hole, and the holding power is thereby increased.
  • vent tubes has required special attention when solid-section rods are used, and when temporary Ianchors are used at a position adjacent the surface of the bore holes.
  • the present invention provides a structure which satisfies these requirements, and also provides for the exhaust of the entrapped air at a point slightly outward from the inner extremity of the rod. This feature tends to minimize the possibility that rock particles might become entrapped in the vent, and interfere with the fiow of the entrapped air.
  • FIGURE l presents a sectional view of -a typical installation of a groutable rock anchor including a straightaxis anchor rod with a roughened outer surface, and showing the use of a surface-type temporary holding device in conjunction with this type of anchor rod, and further illustrating the use of cross-hole at the inner extremity of the rod for vent purposes.
  • FIGURE 2 presents a section on a transverse plane, and on an enlarged scale, at the plane II-II of FIG- URE l.
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates a modified form of the invention in which an auxiliary end-fitting is used to provide the transverse vent holes.
  • FIGURE 4 illustrates a modified form of the invention in which an undulated anchor rod of solid cross-section is used, together with a straight vent tube extending over ⁇ the major portion of the length of the anchor,
  • FIGURE 5 presents a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale showing the securing -of the inner end of the vent tube on the FIGURE 4 arrangement.
  • the anchor rod 10 is shown inserted in the bore 11 in the rock formation 12.
  • the rod 10 is of the straight-axis type, with the surface i1'- regularities indicated at 13 formed in a compound helical pattern along the entire length of the rod to increase the gripping 'action between the rod and the grout which is to be inserted later in the space 1.4 between the rod and the wall Iof the bore 11.
  • the hollow interior of the rod 10 forms a -conduit 15 for the escape of entrapped air as the grout is pumped in at the entrance tube fitting 16.
  • the entrapped air moves into the passage 15 either through the open end ⁇ of the rod 1G, or through any one of the lateral passages 174,0.
  • passages 17-20 which ⁇ are slightly set back from the inner end 21 of the rod 10 minimizes the possibility that the iiow of air might bec-orne blocked by the presence of dust or rock chips from the formation of the bore 11.
  • an auxiliary end fitting may be incorporated as shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the anchor rod 22 is of the same type as the rod 10 of FIGURE 1, and the fitting 23 is slipped over the end of the rod 22 to provide the entrance passage into the interior conduit 24 through which the entrapped air escapes.
  • the end fitting 23 is preferably of rubber or some material that is at least semi-resilient, and may be provided with the annular lip 25 which acts as a piston to sweep rock chips and dust Iahead of it during the insertion of the rod to leave the area occupied yby the passages 26, 27, and 28 as free as possible of such material.
  • the lip 25 also tend to leave at least some space between the peripheral surface 29 of the fitting 23 and the Wall of the rock bore i1 to facilitate the escape of the air through all of the passages.
  • the central chamber 3G be of somewhat larger diameter than the passage 24 in the rod in order to ⁇ assure that the passage 24 will communicate as freely as possible without obstruction.
  • the undulated anchor rod 41 is shown inserted in the bore 42 in a rock formation 43.
  • the undulations in the axis of the rod 41 may be of the type shown and described in my Application for United States Patent Serial No. 76,339 now Patent No. 3,160,988.
  • the undulations may be of a constant-amplitude, rather than the gradient type shown in FIGURE 4.
  • the undulated axis of the rod has a very significant effect when an anchor of this type is applied to a grouted bore in a rock formation.
  • the entrapped air is evacuated through the tube 45 which terminates in the disc 46 in a manner best shown in FIGURE 5.
  • the end 47 of the rod 41 is threaded, with the disc 46 having a corresponding thread on its internal surface which engages with the threaded end 47.
  • a suitable hole is drilled in the disc 46 for receiving the tube 45, and the end 48 is expanded or peened over to secure the position of a tube 45 with respect to the rod assembly.
  • a ring 49 may be slipped over the end of the tube 45 before engagement with the disc 46 in order to obtain the proper axial position of the tube and the disc for the peening operation at 48, and also to oppose any tendency of the tube 45 to slide to the right with respect to the remainder of the assembly.
  • the ring 49 is preferably a snug fit with respect to the exterior of the vent tube 45.
  • the tube 45 extends between the shoes 50 and 51 of the temporary holding device which Ialso includes the tapered plug 52.
  • This assembly is of the same nature as that described in connection with FIG- URE l, and the coupling 53 is preferably incorporated in both cases to transfer the stresses from extensions 54 and 34 over to the anchor rods 41 and 10, respectively.
  • the plugs 35 and 52 are received on the extensions 34 and 54, with the extensions engaging the respective couplings.
  • the articulating surface plate 55 is similar to the plate 33 of FIGURE l, and the groutsupply itting 56 is similar to the fitting 16 of FIGURE 1.
  • the vent tube emerges from a suitable hole in the plate as shown at 57 to provide for the escape of the entrapped air.
  • the nut 58 is similar to the nut 31, and the installation of the assembly shown in FIGURE 4 follows that described in connection with FIGURE 1.
  • a groutable anchor assembly for engagement with the wall of a hole bored in a rock formation, said hole having a mouth
  • said anchor assembly comprising: a stress-resisting rod of substantial length having inner and outer end portions and adapted for insertion axially into said hole with said outer end portion adjacent said mouth and said inner end portion being deformed; temporary rock-gripping means disposed intermediate said portions nearer the outer end than the inner end and including circumferentially spaced shoes readily accessible from said mouth and adapted to be engaged with the wall of said hole and engaging said outer portion of said rod, said spaced shoes defining a channel between said inner and outer portions for the introduction of grout, said temporary rock-gripping means being adapted to restrain said assembly against retraction while permitting insertion thereof relative to said wall, said rock-gripping means in gripping position projecting radially beyond said rod; a removable surface plate of larger area transverse to said rod than the cross section of said rock-gripping means in gripping position, said plate having an aperture receiving said outer portion; means for applying force between said surface plate and
  • a groutable anchor assembly for engagement with the wall of a hole bored in a rock formation, said hole having a mouth
  • said anchor assembly comprising; a stress-resisting rod of substantial length having inner and outer end portions and adapted for insertion axially into said hole with said outer end portion adjacent said mouth and said inner end portion being undulated; temporary rock-gripping means disposed intermediate said portions nearer the outer end than the inner end and including circumferentially spaced shoes readily accessible from said mouth and adapted to be engaged with the wall of said hole and engaging said outer portion of said rod, said spaced shoes dening a channel between said inner and outer portions for the introduction of grout, said temporary rock-gripping means being adapted to restrain said assembly against retraction while permitting insertion thereof relative to said wall, said rock-gripping means in gripping position projecting radially beyond said rod; a removable surface plate of larger area transverse to said rod than the cross section of said rock-gripping means iu gripping position, said plate having an aperture receiving said outer portion; means for applying tension to said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
US128054A 1961-07-31 1961-07-31 Groutable rock anchor Expired - Lifetime US3222873A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US128054A US3222873A (en) 1961-07-31 1961-07-31 Groutable rock anchor
NO145194A NO115285B (en)) 1961-07-31 1962-07-23
DE19621484587 DE1484587C (de) 1961-07-31 1962-07-30 Vergießbarer Felsanker
GB29337/62A GB970775A (en) 1961-07-31 1962-07-31 Groutable rock anchor

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US128054A US3222873A (en) 1961-07-31 1961-07-31 Groutable rock anchor

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US3222873A true US3222873A (en) 1965-12-14

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NO (1) NO115285B (en))

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3415066A (en) * 1966-01-12 1968-12-10 Chester I. Williams Bearing bracket for rock bolts
US3653217A (en) * 1970-08-03 1972-04-04 Chester I Williams Rock bolt rod configuration
US3695045A (en) * 1970-02-03 1972-10-03 Chester I Williams Rock bolts
US4051683A (en) * 1976-06-28 1977-10-04 Jennmar Corporation Method and apparatus for supporting a mine roof
US4514111A (en) * 1982-06-04 1985-04-30 Oy Tampella Ab Method of and apparatus for installing solder bolts in rock bolting
US4531861A (en) * 1983-08-15 1985-07-30 Kash Maurice D Adhesively secured anchor rod
FR2560285A1 (fr) * 1984-02-23 1985-08-30 Louis Claude Procede pour enfoncer et sceller une armature dans le sol, dispositif et armature pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US4655645A (en) * 1984-12-31 1987-04-07 H&S Machine & Supply Co., Inc. Method and apparatus for anchoring roof bolts
US5919006A (en) * 1997-02-14 1999-07-06 Jennmar Corporation Tensionable cable bolt with mixing assembly
US5954455A (en) * 1996-01-11 1999-09-21 Jennmar Corporation Combination bolt system
US6045109A (en) * 1998-01-08 2000-04-04 Mashburn; James S. Rod holder retention device
US20060144007A1 (en) * 2005-01-06 2006-07-06 Michael Azarin Coil bar anchor
US20080219775A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-11 Frederic Mercier-Langevin Bolt assembly
CN103557012A (zh) * 2013-11-19 2014-02-05 河南理工大学 一种大变形巷道围岩注浆紧固承载结构及施工方法
US9010165B2 (en) 2011-01-18 2015-04-21 Nucor Corporation Threaded rebar manufacturing process and system
US9551150B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2017-01-24 Nucor Corporation Tensionable threaded rebar bolt
CN108104132A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-01 合肥工业大学 一种大坝溢洪道的注浆限位装置及施工方法
CN108179730A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-19 合肥工业大学 一种大坝溢洪道加固结构的施工方法
CN112554921A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-26 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 一种中空张拉锚杆围岩加固方法
CN112554925A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-26 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 一种张拉注浆锚杆
US20220049448A1 (en) * 2018-09-26 2022-02-17 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Method for producing an injection anchor in the ground and automatic post-grouting machine for the same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2073283A (en) * 1980-02-12 1981-10-14 Deimold R Rock bolting
JPH07197541A (ja) * 1993-12-31 1995-08-01 Houmu:Kk コンクリート躯体の接合構造及びその接合方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR834613A (fr) * 1937-07-29 1938-11-25 Boyer Metallurg Système d'ancrage amovible pour le support et le maintien des coffrages dans les constructions en béton armé et autres application
US2525198A (en) * 1947-02-28 1950-10-10 Beijl Zako Sytse Bolt anchor
US2667037A (en) * 1949-08-24 1954-01-26 Edward M Thomas Suspension roof support
GB796262A (en) * 1956-10-05 1958-06-11 Mueller Ludwig Improvements in or relating to piles

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR834613A (fr) * 1937-07-29 1938-11-25 Boyer Metallurg Système d'ancrage amovible pour le support et le maintien des coffrages dans les constructions en béton armé et autres application
US2525198A (en) * 1947-02-28 1950-10-10 Beijl Zako Sytse Bolt anchor
US2667037A (en) * 1949-08-24 1954-01-26 Edward M Thomas Suspension roof support
GB796262A (en) * 1956-10-05 1958-06-11 Mueller Ludwig Improvements in or relating to piles

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3415066A (en) * 1966-01-12 1968-12-10 Chester I. Williams Bearing bracket for rock bolts
US3695045A (en) * 1970-02-03 1972-10-03 Chester I Williams Rock bolts
US3653217A (en) * 1970-08-03 1972-04-04 Chester I Williams Rock bolt rod configuration
US4051683A (en) * 1976-06-28 1977-10-04 Jennmar Corporation Method and apparatus for supporting a mine roof
US4514111A (en) * 1982-06-04 1985-04-30 Oy Tampella Ab Method of and apparatus for installing solder bolts in rock bolting
US4531861A (en) * 1983-08-15 1985-07-30 Kash Maurice D Adhesively secured anchor rod
FR2560285A1 (fr) * 1984-02-23 1985-08-30 Louis Claude Procede pour enfoncer et sceller une armature dans le sol, dispositif et armature pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP0156673A1 (fr) * 1984-02-23 1985-10-02 Claude Louis Procédé pour enfoncer et sceller une armature dans le sol, dispositif et armature pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
US4732510A (en) * 1984-02-23 1988-03-22 Louis Claude C Process for driving and cementing in ground anchors, apparatus and anchor bars for said process
US4655645A (en) * 1984-12-31 1987-04-07 H&S Machine & Supply Co., Inc. Method and apparatus for anchoring roof bolts
US5954455A (en) * 1996-01-11 1999-09-21 Jennmar Corporation Combination bolt system
US5919006A (en) * 1997-02-14 1999-07-06 Jennmar Corporation Tensionable cable bolt with mixing assembly
US6045109A (en) * 1998-01-08 2000-04-04 Mashburn; James S. Rod holder retention device
US20060144007A1 (en) * 2005-01-06 2006-07-06 Michael Azarin Coil bar anchor
US20080219775A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-11 Frederic Mercier-Langevin Bolt assembly
US9551150B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2017-01-24 Nucor Corporation Tensionable threaded rebar bolt
US9855594B2 (en) 2011-01-18 2018-01-02 Nucor Corporation Threaded rebar manufacturing process and system
US9010165B2 (en) 2011-01-18 2015-04-21 Nucor Corporation Threaded rebar manufacturing process and system
CN103557012B (zh) * 2013-11-19 2016-07-06 河南理工大学 一种大变形巷道围岩注浆紧固承载结构及施工方法
CN103557012A (zh) * 2013-11-19 2014-02-05 河南理工大学 一种大变形巷道围岩注浆紧固承载结构及施工方法
CN108104132A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-01 合肥工业大学 一种大坝溢洪道的注浆限位装置及施工方法
CN108179730A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-19 合肥工业大学 一种大坝溢洪道加固结构的施工方法
CN108179730B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2019-10-11 合肥工业大学 一种大坝溢洪道加固结构的施工方法
US20220049448A1 (en) * 2018-09-26 2022-02-17 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Method for producing an injection anchor in the ground and automatic post-grouting machine for the same
US11993910B2 (en) * 2018-09-26 2024-05-28 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Method for producing an injection anchor in the ground and automatic post-grouting machine for the same
CN112554921A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-26 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 一种中空张拉锚杆围岩加固方法
CN112554925A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-26 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 一种张拉注浆锚杆

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1484587A1 (de) 1969-09-04
NO115285B (en)) 1968-09-16
GB970775A (en) 1964-09-23

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