US3218832A - Photoflash lamp and method - Google Patents
Photoflash lamp and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3218832A US3218832A US311751A US31175163A US3218832A US 3218832 A US3218832 A US 3218832A US 311751 A US311751 A US 311751A US 31175163 A US31175163 A US 31175163A US 3218832 A US3218832 A US 3218832A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- splinterproof
- photoflash lamp
- envelope
- lacquer
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003903 oxygen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K5/00—Light sources using charges of combustible material, e.g. illuminating flash devices
- F21K5/02—Light sources using charges of combustible material, e.g. illuminating flash devices ignited in a non-disrupting container, e.g. photo-flash bulb
Definitions
- the present invention relates to photoflash lamps having a glass envelope and a filling of combustible material and oxygen and more particularly to a splinterproof protective coating therefor.
- the glass envelope When a lamp is flashed, an instantaneous peak pressure is created in the envelope and the glass envelope is brought to high temperature for a short time. Because of the high superpressure at the moment of flashing, the glass envelope tends to break into pieces. In order to prevent this latter or to hold together the glass splinters, the outer or inner or both of the surfaces of the bulb are provided with a splinterproof coating of lacquer.
- Sufiicient high strength may, however, be obtained with this material only by repeated lacquering, which repeated lacquering increases the cost of manufacture. Furthermore, a splinterproof coating made by repeated lacquering with cellulose acetate does not remain unchanged when flashed, but still shows formation of blisters, molten places, and development of smoke.
- a photoflash lamp having a glass envelope, a filling of combustible material and oxygen at a pressure exceeding one atmosphere and a splinterproof lacquer coating which consists essentially of cellulose propionate.
- the accompanying drawing shows a miniature photoflash lamp with an oxygen pressure exceeding one atmosphere and coated with a splinterproof lacquer coating in accordance with the invention.
- the envelope 1 of the miniature photoflash lamp is filled with combustible material 2, e.g. with shredded zirconium foils in an oxygen atmosphere the pressure of which is higher than one atmosphere.
- combustible material 2 e.g. with shredded zirconium foils in an oxygen atmosphere the pressure of which is higher than one atmosphere.
- igniting device 3 which is in well known manner actuated by means of the contacts 4 being taken outwards through the seal, combustion of the filling is brought about and, thereby, the light emission.
- the envelope is provided with a protective coating 5 consisting of a lacquer according to the invention which consists essentially of cellulose propionate.
- the coating is applied by dipping into a solution of cellulose propionate.
- the dipping solution contains, preferably, beside a solvent also an addition of up to 10% by weight of a softener. Dibutyl sebacate has proved to be especially good as the softener.
- a dipping lacquer for instance is composed of by weight of a solvent, 18% by weight of cellulose propionate and 2% by weight of dibutyl sebacate.
- the solvent for the cellulose propionate and the softener includes preferably 3 parts of a low boiling, i.e., a boiling temperature from 7577 C., material such as ethyl acetate, methanol and/or ethanol, 2 parts of an intermediate boiling, i.e., a boiling temperature from 138152 C., material such as methyl glycol acetate and 1 part of a high boiling, i.e., a boiling temperature from -170 C., material such as diacetone alcohol.
- a low boiling i.e., a boiling temperature from 7577 C.
- material such as ethyl acetate, methanol and/or ethanol
- an intermediate boiling i.e., a boiling temperature from 138152 C.
- material such as methyl glycol acetate
- 1 part of a high boiling i.e., a boiling temperature from -170 C.
- a very suitable dipping lacquer for obtaining, in a single dipping, suflicient splinterproof protection of the miniature photoflash lamps without any formation of blisters or any development of smoke when these lamps are flashed consists of 30% by weight ethyl acetate 14% by weight methanol 6% by weight ethanol 20% by weight methyl glycol acetate 10% by weight diacetone alcohol 18% by weight cellulose propionate 2% by weight softener dibutyl sebacate.
- the percentages of the different solvents are, suitably, chosen in such a manner that there is obtained preferably a viscosity of 200 sec/22 C. Ford-cup 8 mm.
- a suitable coloring substance may also be added, if desired, to the dipping lacquer.
- a photoflash lamp comprising a glass envelope, a filling in said envelope of combustible material and oxy gen at a pressure exceeding one atmosphere, and a splinterproof protective coating on the exterior surface of the glass envelope consisting essentially of cellulose propionate.
- a photoflash lamp comprising a glass envelope, 2. 2,868,670 1/1959 Van Laar et al 6731 filling in said envelope of combustible material and oxy- 2,927,036 3/1960 Seaver 106-181 X gen at a pressure exceeding one atmosphere, and a splin- 3,022, 53 2 19 2 Baird 7 terproof protective coating on the exterior surface of 3 0 3 112 12/19 2 Caldwell et 1 10 131 X the glass envelope consisting essentially of cellulose pro- 5 pionate and a small amount of dibutyl sebacate plasticizer.
Description
PHOTOFLASH LAMP AND METHOD Filed Sept. 26, 1963 Invavtor K T'L Sgjafr b9 His lier-meg United States Patent 3,218,832 PHOTOFLASH LAMP AND METHOD Karl Seidler, Augsburg, Germany, assignor to Patent- Treuhand-Gesellschaft fur elektrische Gluhlampen m.b.H.
Filed Sept. 26, 1963, Ser. No. 311,751 Claims priority, application Germany, Nov. 9, 1962,
P 30,539 2 Claims. (Cl. 6731) The present invention relates to photoflash lamps having a glass envelope and a filling of combustible material and oxygen and more particularly to a splinterproof protective coating therefor.
When a lamp is flashed, an instantaneous peak pressure is created in the envelope and the glass envelope is brought to high temperature for a short time. Because of the high superpressure at the moment of flashing, the glass envelope tends to break into pieces. In order to prevent this latter or to hold together the glass splinters, the outer or inner or both of the surfaces of the bulb are provided with a splinterproof coating of lacquer.
In the case of well known photoflash lamps wherein the pressure of the oxygen filling does not much exceed atmospheric pressure a splinterproof coating of cellulose acetate butyrate has been used. The lamp bulb was coated by dipping it once into a clipping bath consisting of a solution of cellulose acetate butyrate in a solvent and in most cases containing a softener.
In the case of miniature photoflash lamps developed recently and having an oxygen pressure of much more than One atmosphere such a single lacquering with cellulose acetate butyrate did not prove satisfactory. Because of a very high peak pressure and high peak temperature many of the lamps burst and all flashed lamps show a considerable change in the lacquer coating, such as molten places and formation of blisters. Also, at the moment of flashing there was an intense development of smoke by the lacquer coating which has a very bad effect on the reflector surface of the flash device and which had a very strong smell associated therewith. Because of this a lacquering of cellulose acetate has been used in miniature photoflash lamps. Sufiicient high strength may, however, be obtained with this material only by repeated lacquering, which repeated lacquering increases the cost of manufacture. Furthermore, a splinterproof coating made by repeated lacquering with cellulose acetate does not remain unchanged when flashed, but still shows formation of blisters, molten places, and development of smoke.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a splinterproof lacquer coating which has, in the case of miniature photoflash lamps with high filling pressure, suflicient protective effect even as single coating and does not show any formation of blisters, molten places or development of smoke.
Therefore, in accordance with the present invention there is provided a photoflash lamp having a glass envelope, a filling of combustible material and oxygen at a pressure exceeding one atmosphere and a splinterproof lacquer coating which consists essentially of cellulose propionate.
The accompanying drawing shows a miniature photoflash lamp with an oxygen pressure exceeding one atmosphere and coated with a splinterproof lacquer coating in accordance with the invention.
The envelope 1 of the miniature photoflash lamp is filled with combustible material 2, e.g. with shredded zirconium foils in an oxygen atmosphere the pressure of which is higher than one atmosphere. By means of the igniting device 3 which is in well known manner actuated by means of the contacts 4 being taken outwards through the seal, combustion of the filling is brought about and, thereby, the light emission. The envelope is provided with a protective coating 5 consisting of a lacquer according to the invention which consists essentially of cellulose propionate.
Generally, the coating is applied by dipping into a solution of cellulose propionate. The dipping solution contains, preferably, beside a solvent also an addition of up to 10% by weight of a softener. Dibutyl sebacate has proved to be especially good as the softener.
A dipping lacquer for instance is composed of by weight of a solvent, 18% by weight of cellulose propionate and 2% by weight of dibutyl sebacate.
The solvent for the cellulose propionate and the softener includes preferably 3 parts of a low boiling, i.e., a boiling temperature from 7577 C., material such as ethyl acetate, methanol and/or ethanol, 2 parts of an intermediate boiling, i.e., a boiling temperature from 138152 C., material such as methyl glycol acetate and 1 part of a high boiling, i.e., a boiling temperature from -170 C., material such as diacetone alcohol.
Thus, a very suitable dipping lacquer for obtaining, in a single dipping, suflicient splinterproof protection of the miniature photoflash lamps without any formation of blisters or any development of smoke when these lamps are flashed consists of 30% by weight ethyl acetate 14% by weight methanol 6% by weight ethanol 20% by weight methyl glycol acetate 10% by weight diacetone alcohol 18% by weight cellulose propionate 2% by weight softener dibutyl sebacate.
The percentages of the different solvents are, suitably, chosen in such a manner that there is obtained preferably a viscosity of 200 sec/22 C. Ford-cup 8 mm.
For lamps having an oxygen pressure of 2 to 4 atmosphere a single dipping with the splinterproof lacquer described in the present invention is suflicient whereas two dippings are necessary if cellulose acetate is used. In case of even higher filling pressures of the lamps two dippings with a lacquer of cellulose propionate are suflicient whereas, hitherto, in case of cellulose acetate 4 dippings have been necessary.
In order to adapt the light emission of the photoflash lamps to sensitivity of, e.g., color films, a suitable coloring substance may also be added, if desired, to the dipping lacquer.
What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is:
1. A photoflash lamp comprising a glass envelope, a filling in said envelope of combustible material and oxy gen at a pressure exceeding one atmosphere, and a splinterproof protective coating on the exterior surface of the glass envelope consisting essentially of cellulose propionate.
3 4 2. A photoflash lamp comprising a glass envelope, 2. 2,868,670 1/1959 Van Laar et al 6731 filling in said envelope of combustible material and oxy- 2,927,036 3/1960 Seaver 106-181 X gen at a pressure exceeding one atmosphere, and a splin- 3,022, 53 2 19 2 Baird 7 terproof protective coating on the exterior surface of 3 0 3 112 12/19 2 Caldwell et 1 10 131 X the glass envelope consisting essentially of cellulose pro- 5 pionate and a small amount of dibutyl sebacate plasticizer. THER REFERENCE References Cited by the Examiner Publication: Cellulosics, by W. D. Paist, 1958, ReinldPbLC .,Ch dHllLtd.,L d ,TP UNITED STATES PATENTS ho apman an a on 986 A2, p. 33, pps. 34-37 relied on. 2,510,177 6/1950 Horback 106-181 10 2,673,162 3/1954 Williams et a1 106181 EDWARD MICHAEL, Primary Examiner-
Claims (1)
1. A PHOTOFLASH LAMP COMPRISING A GLASS ENVELOPE, A FILLING IN SAID ENVELOPE OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL AND OXYGEN AT A PRESSURE EXCEEDING ONE ATMOSPHERE, AND A SPLINTERPROOF PROTECTIVE COUTING ON THE EXTERIOR SURFACE OF THE GLASS ENVELOPE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF CELLULOSE PROPIONATE.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP30539A DE1179459B (en) | 1962-11-09 | 1962-11-09 | Splinter protection for flashlight lamps |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3218832A true US3218832A (en) | 1965-11-23 |
Family
ID=7371960
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US311751A Expired - Lifetime US3218832A (en) | 1962-11-09 | 1963-09-26 | Photoflash lamp and method |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3218832A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT242508B (en) |
| CH (1) | CH413596A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1179459B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3285035A (en) * | 1964-06-19 | 1966-11-15 | Gen Electric | Flash lamp |
| US3454243A (en) * | 1967-04-24 | 1969-07-08 | Us Navy | Restraining sleeve-cadre tension bar |
| US4076489A (en) * | 1976-06-24 | 1978-02-28 | General Electric Company | Method for coating photoflash lamps |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2510177A (en) * | 1946-11-29 | 1950-06-06 | Celanese Corp | Hot melt coating composition |
| US2673162A (en) * | 1950-08-01 | 1954-03-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilized lower fatty acid ester of cellulose |
| US2868670A (en) * | 1954-02-13 | 1959-01-13 | Philips Corp | Flash lamp coating process |
| US2927036A (en) * | 1957-04-25 | 1960-03-01 | Iii Alton Linwood Seaver | Protective coating compositions |
| US3022653A (en) * | 1958-12-24 | 1962-02-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Coated flashlamp and coating composition |
| US3068112A (en) * | 1960-04-27 | 1962-12-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Polymeric derivatives of bicycloheptene as stabilizers for polymer compositions |
-
1962
- 1962-11-09 DE DEP30539A patent/DE1179459B/en active Pending
-
1963
- 1963-09-04 AT AT712363A patent/AT242508B/en active
- 1963-09-09 CH CH1112963A patent/CH413596A/en unknown
- 1963-09-26 US US311751A patent/US3218832A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2510177A (en) * | 1946-11-29 | 1950-06-06 | Celanese Corp | Hot melt coating composition |
| US2673162A (en) * | 1950-08-01 | 1954-03-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilized lower fatty acid ester of cellulose |
| US2868670A (en) * | 1954-02-13 | 1959-01-13 | Philips Corp | Flash lamp coating process |
| US2927036A (en) * | 1957-04-25 | 1960-03-01 | Iii Alton Linwood Seaver | Protective coating compositions |
| US3022653A (en) * | 1958-12-24 | 1962-02-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Coated flashlamp and coating composition |
| US3068112A (en) * | 1960-04-27 | 1962-12-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Polymeric derivatives of bicycloheptene as stabilizers for polymer compositions |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3285035A (en) * | 1964-06-19 | 1966-11-15 | Gen Electric | Flash lamp |
| US3454243A (en) * | 1967-04-24 | 1969-07-08 | Us Navy | Restraining sleeve-cadre tension bar |
| US4076489A (en) * | 1976-06-24 | 1978-02-28 | General Electric Company | Method for coating photoflash lamps |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1179459B (en) | 1964-10-08 |
| AT242508B (en) | 1965-09-27 |
| CH413596A (en) | 1966-05-15 |
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