US3204398A - False twisting method and apparatus - Google Patents

False twisting method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3204398A
US3204398A US221238A US22123862A US3204398A US 3204398 A US3204398 A US 3204398A US 221238 A US221238 A US 221238A US 22123862 A US22123862 A US 22123862A US 3204398 A US3204398 A US 3204398A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
spindle
false twisting
axis
thread guide
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Expired - Lifetime
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US221238A
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English (en)
Inventor
Leendert Van Assendelft
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Akzona Inc
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American Enka Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/04—Devices for imparting false twist
    • D02G1/06—Spindles

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 FALSE TWISTING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed Sept. 4, 1962 FIG. 1
  • This invention relates generally to a method and apparatus for false twisting running yarn and more particularly to a method and apparatus in which false twist is imparted to the yarn by causing it to be slidingly wrapped around a rapidly rotating member, said member preferably rotating around a vertical axis.
  • False twist is often applied for crimping filament yarns, the yarn being subjected to a setting treatment while in a state of high twist. Although the yarn, after passing through the false twisting device, returns to an untwisted state, it retains a tendency to crimp as a result of the setting treatment.
  • the apparatus used should be extremely simple and inexpensive, require little power and be easily maintained. Moreover, the apparatus should be capable of high speeds and be simple to operate.
  • the obstacle which has always limited simplification and speeding up of production and reduction in cost thereof is the problem of supporting the rapidly rotating member.
  • the member must be supported both radially and axially.
  • the axial bearing has always presented the greatest difficulties.
  • the axial bearing usually comprises either ball bearings, roller bearings, or gas bearings.
  • constructions have been proposed in which a false twisting spindle is provided with grooves for receiving the rims of support wheels, thus holding the spindle from both radial and axial movement. All of the methods are either costly, or do not always permit the high speeds desired. Moreover, even if high speeds are attained, the apparatus wears out extremely fast.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method for false twisting yarn that will permit high production speeds and is not expensive to operate.
  • Still another object is to provide an apparatus for false twisting yarn that is simple to operate, inexpensive to construct, capable of high speeds and subject to little wear.
  • a further object is to provide a false twisting apparatus that does not require the aid of conventional type bearings for axial support.
  • a still further object is to provide a method for axially supporting a false twisting apparatus without the aid of conventional bearings.
  • the invention comprises axially supporting the false twisting device solely by means of the running yarn. This is accomplished by passing the yarn diagonally from the rapidly rotating member or false twisting device to a fixed coaxially positioned thread guide such that at least on the end of the rapidly rotating member that tends to move under the combined influence of its weight and the yarn tension the path of the yarn between the thread guide and rotating member runs at an oblique angle with the axis of rotation, the radial component of which is of the same magnitude as is the axial component.
  • said member assumes a stable position of axial suspension during operation.
  • the forces between the rapidly rotating member and the yarn passing around it must be considered. It was found that by the method of this invention the resultant force exerted by the yarn on the rapidly rotating member may at any time be resolved into two components. One of the components, which is resolved in axial direction, appears to always be in equilibrium with all the other forces acting in axial direction on the rotating member, such as its own weight, etc.
  • the force component perpendicular thereto and towards the axis has a constant magnitude, with its direction rotating at the same speed in the surrounding space as the rotating member. As a result of the high speed at which this force component moves, it is substantially impossible to upset the position of radial equilibrium of the rapidly rotating member.
  • the false twisting device used in carrying out the method of this invention comprises a rotatable member that can move in longitudinal direction, near at least one end of which a fixed thread guide is coaxially positioned.
  • the first and last contact points on the wrapping surface of the rotatable member are positioned much farther from the axis of rotation than is the inner surface of the thread guide.
  • a fixed thread guide may be provided near both ends of the rotatable member. It has been found that this is not always necessary, particularly if the apparatus is provided with a known type of radial bearing. However, if it is also possible for the rotatable member to move transversely the requirements are somewhat different. Generally, in such case it is not possible to use a conventional type mechanical drive system. With an embodiment of this type the rotatable member is formed by the short circuit armature of an electric motor. The armature is actuated without being in mechanical contact with any driving means. In this case, the rotatable member is supported axially by the wrapped yarn.
  • a preferred embodiment of the short circuit armature is obtained if it is shaped like a ring.
  • the path of the yarn between the two thread guides is chosen so that at one point the yarn is wrapped around the ring one or more times.
  • the false twisting device may also advantageously be constructed so that the rotatable member is supported radially with the aid of known means.
  • a fixed thread guide is necessarily only near one end of the rotatable member which under certain circumstances simplifies threading the yarn.
  • the apparatus if provided with a known radial bearing, can then be placed in a position other than that in which the axis of rotation is vertical. For instance, if the axis of rotation is horizontal, the weight of the rotatable member is entirely supported by the radial bearing, so that no radial displacement takes place.
  • the embodiments of the apparatus may be mounted on most knovm types of false twisting devices without requiring drastic modification.
  • the drive system comprises at least one blow pipe :and the rotatable member is provided with blades.
  • the apparatus is driven with the aid of compressed air or some other gas under pressure.
  • Such an embodiment may be used in combination with radial gas bearings.
  • the rotatable member comprises a tubular spindle, the axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation, the spindle being supported radially by freely rotatable supporting discs.
  • the tubular spindle is provided at one end with a wrapping surface.
  • attached to said tube may be one or more radially directed arms having thread guides at their end-s.
  • the yarn is successively passed through the tube, along an arm, through a thread guide, and then through the coaxially positioned fixed thread guide.
  • a very suitable device for accurate mass production comprises a tubular spindle having an expanded end provided with a number of symmetrically positioned passages. The yarn is threaded into the tube, passed one or more times through the passages, thus being wrapped around the edge of the expanded end and then fed to the fixed thread guide.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in vertical section showing a false twisting spindle which is supported'by the yarn axially.
  • FIGURE 2 is a side view partly in section of another rapid rotary motion and is held in suspension above the plate-shaped thread guide 6.
  • grooves 4 The function of grooves 4 is twofold. First, they ensure that the yarn 1 is taken along by the ring so that it does not roll over the surface of the ring, thus preventing loss of twist. 'Second, they serve to prevent the yarn from being damaged while the ring 3 is starting up and still in contact with the plate 6. The tensional forces in the yarn keep the ring 3 in equilibrium vertically. It has been found that this state of suspension equilibrium can be retained even if the false twisting device is placed in a somewhat inclined position.
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 there is shown respectively a side view, partly in section, and a plan view of a different embodiment of the false twist device of the invention.
  • the numeral 7 refers to a tubular false twist spindle, .a large part of the outer surface of which is cylindrical.
  • the spindle is flared at its lower end.
  • In the flared end 8 there are four passages 9 symmetrically arranged.
  • Yarn 1 is successively passed through the tubular spindle 7, through one of the passages 9, and through the thread .guide 10.
  • the yarn supply and discharge systems (not shown) are identical with those of the false twisting device shown in FIGURE 1. Alternatively, yarn 1 may be passed through several of the passages 9 before being led to the thread guide 10.
  • the false twist spindle 7 is set in rotary motion by belt '11 moving in contact with the spindle at a very small angle, as a result of which the spindle is held from radial movement.
  • the radial bearing comprises four supporting wheels, only three of which are shown, '12, 13 and 16, coupled in pairs, each pair forming a single freely rotatable system.
  • the supporting wheels 12 and 13 are coaxially coupled by bushing 14.
  • the bushing 14 is supported by a holder 15 such that it is freely rotatable.
  • supporting wheel 16 is coaxially coupled with another supporting wheel (not shown) by means of a bushing -(not shown), said bushing being supported in the same manner as bushing 14.
  • the two systems together form the wedge-shaped spaces between the supporting wheels, in which the spindle 7 fits. In these wedge-shaped spaces the spindle 7 is pressed against the supporting wheels by the belt 11.
  • FIGURE 2 are designated three yarn points A, B, and C.
  • A the yarn first comes into contact with the spindle.
  • B the yarn runs in vertical direction before leaving the spindle, and at point C the yarn leaves the spindle surface. Since the supporting wheels and the belt '11 can only exert forces on the spindle which are directed transverse to the axis of rotation thereof, the
  • tensional forces in the yarn, at the points of first and last contact with the spindle, are the only external forces grammatically.
  • the magnets are positioned so that within the circle encompassed by them a rapidly rotating electromagnetic field is maintained. Inside the circle there is a metal ring 3. As a result of the eddy currents induced in this ring by the rotating magnetic field a torsional moment is exerted on the ring.
  • two radially directed grooves 4 are provided on the lower side of the ring 3.
  • Thread guides 5 and 6 Coaxial with the circle of coils 2 and on each side thereof are positioned thread guides 5 and 6, the latter forming the bottom of a cylinder with the coils 2 forming the side.
  • Ring 3 lies on guide 6 while in a state of rest.
  • the y-arn 1 passes through the thread guide 5, wrapped at least once around the ring 3 in one of grooves 4 and subsequently discharged through the thread guide 6.
  • the ring 3 is set in which can counter-balance the weight of the spindle. This is in contrast with known false twisting devices in which the yarns runs substantially parallel to or along the axis of rotation of the spindle.
  • FIGURE 4 diagrammatically shows the tensional forces acting in the yarn 1 at the points A and C.
  • the tensional force at A is indicated by P and at B by P
  • the path of the yarn leaving the spindle at point C makes an angle at with the axis of the spindle. Therefore, the tensional force at point C has a magnitude of P .e where f is the coefiicient of friction of the yarn over the spindle, and e the base of the natural logarithm.
  • the force P .e can be resolved into an axial componentand a radial component'directed towards the spindle axis, the components having a magnitude of P .e .cos 0c, and P .e .sin 0c, respectively. If the weight of the spindle is G, then the following relation holds for the vertical equilibrium thereof:
  • the spindle is practically always in axial equilibrium since the function e .cos a. decreases continuously as on increases from 1 to 180 and becomes 0 when o :90.
  • the abovementioned mathematical relation is satisfied.
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 may also be advantageously used in a position in which the axis of spindle rotation is horizontal. When the spindle is in this position, the following relation holds for the axial equilibrium:
  • the setting treatment of the yarn if it is to be crimped by the false twisting process, consists of softening and subsequently hardening the yarn in a known manner while it is in a state of high twist.
  • the setting process may consist of successive heating and cooling of the yarn.
  • a twisting device comprising a rotatable member capable of axial displacement provided with at least one yarn wrapping means, means for driving said member, and a thread guide means coaxially positioned adjacent one end of said member, said yarn wrapping means disposed farther outside the axis of rotation of said member than the thread guide means whereby the path of yarn passing from said rotatable member to said fixed thread guide runs at an oblique angle with the axis of rotation of said member to support said rotatable member in the axial direction solely by means of the yarn.
  • a false twisting device comprising a rotatable tubular spindle flared at one end, means for driving said spindle, passage means in said flared portion of said spindle for slidably wrapping yarn therethrough, and a fixed coaxially positioned thread guide means adjacent said flared portion whereby the yarn path from said passage means in said flared portion to said thread guide means forms an oblique angle with the axis of rotation of said spindle to support said spindle during rapid rotation solely by means of the running yarn.
  • a false twisting device comprising a rotatable tubular member flared at one end and adapted for the passage of yarn longitudinally through its center, rotatable elements to support said member against radial displacement, drive means to impart rotation to said member and for urging it into contact with said rotatable elements, yarn passage means in the outer periphery of said flared portion of said member, and a thread guide means positioned coaxially with said member and adjacent the flared portion whereby the yarn after it passes through said member and said passage means runs at an oblique angle with the axis of rotation of the member to support said member during rapid rotation solely by means of the running yarn.
  • a method of axially supporting a rotatable yarn twisting member solely by means of the yarn being twisted thereby which comprises the steps of (a) passing a yarn along the axis of rotation of said member,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US221238A 1961-09-12 1962-09-04 False twisting method and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3204398A (en)

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NL269191 1961-09-12

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US3204398A true US3204398A (en) 1965-09-07

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US (1) US3204398A (de)
AT (1) AT240742B (de)
CH (1) CH434042A (de)
DE (1) DE1435597A1 (de)
ES (1) ES280686A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1001454A (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1262043B (it) * 1993-03-19 1996-06-18 Dispositivo perfezionato per lo stiro con falsa torsione di uno stoppino destinato alla filatura.

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB775076A (en) * 1954-06-21 1957-05-22 Inventa Ag Improvements relating to false twisting devices
GB775075A (en) * 1953-08-12 1957-05-22 Inventa Ag Improvements relating to the production of crimped yarns of synthetic material
GB786580A (en) * 1955-04-28 1957-11-20 Tmm Research Ltd An improved apparatus for and method of imparting false twist to textile threads andthe like
GB807529A (en) * 1956-01-09 1959-01-14 Scragg & Sons Improvements in or relating to false twisting spindles for the treatment of textile threads and yarns
GB815650A (en) * 1956-03-08 1959-07-01 Scragg & Sons Improvements in and relating to false twisting spindles for yarns and like continuous filamentary material
FR1190688A (fr) * 1957-12-06 1959-10-14 Ciba Geigy Colorants anthraquinoniques de cuve et procédé pour leur préparation
US3035399A (en) * 1959-08-22 1962-05-22 Scragg & Sons High speed false twist devices for textile yarns

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB775075A (en) * 1953-08-12 1957-05-22 Inventa Ag Improvements relating to the production of crimped yarns of synthetic material
GB775076A (en) * 1954-06-21 1957-05-22 Inventa Ag Improvements relating to false twisting devices
GB786580A (en) * 1955-04-28 1957-11-20 Tmm Research Ltd An improved apparatus for and method of imparting false twist to textile threads andthe like
GB807529A (en) * 1956-01-09 1959-01-14 Scragg & Sons Improvements in or relating to false twisting spindles for the treatment of textile threads and yarns
GB815650A (en) * 1956-03-08 1959-07-01 Scragg & Sons Improvements in and relating to false twisting spindles for yarns and like continuous filamentary material
FR1190688A (fr) * 1957-12-06 1959-10-14 Ciba Geigy Colorants anthraquinoniques de cuve et procédé pour leur préparation
US3035399A (en) * 1959-08-22 1962-05-22 Scragg & Sons High speed false twist devices for textile yarns

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CH434042A (de) 1967-04-15
ES280686A1 (es) 1963-02-01
GB1001454A (en) 1965-08-18
DE1435597A1 (de) 1969-01-02
AT240742B (de) 1965-06-10

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